Teaches say religious doctrine which a lot of people want. But in terms of a public property issue never framed it that way. When professor ross and i met in jan while she was on a panel here at one point she said to me, you know outside the First Amendment i disagree with with thins that katoa advocates. Now, of course, i was perplexed because having all of the answers im always perplexed when people disagree with me. But theres a point here that is important. We dont disagree about the First Amendment, the importance of the First Amendment despite the fact that we disagree about many policy issues, and, in fact, at a time i think thats an a important thing to remember an a context look this at a time when theres lots of polarization and a lots of partisanship and lots of singly conflicts, important that people across parties in across ideologies remain committed and unified to a strong First Amendment protection and i think this book lessons and censorships how schools and courts divert students furs amendment rights an important contribution to building that kind of unity and to making us appreciate the importance of the First Amendment. Id like to thank professor ross for coming today. For coming town on a difficult day to be with us here and my colleague Neil Mccluskey for appearing on the panel. Most of all, on a rough day must really care about the First Amendment to come out today and i appreciate each one of you coming lets go have lunch and talk more about this. But lunch will be held on the second level of the George YeagerConference Center which is up this spiral staircase in front of the building. Restrooms on the second floor on your way to lunch. Look for the yellow wall, and you can purchase your copy of lesson and censorship up there. Thanks very much. [applause] [inaudible] and this weekend on booktv, we are live from the annual Los Angeles Times festival of books with author panels on history, infrastructure, politics, and more. Plus, your calls for the likes of authors ariana had you everring ton. Rezzland and dennis and jaycee recalls path from College Athlete to public office. Also, this weekend a look back at the volcanic eruption of mount st. Helens and panel of authors argue that welfare of the or poor and look how title 7 of the Civil Rights Act affected working women. For a complete television schedule, go to booktv. Org booktv 48 hours of nonfiction books and authors, television for serious readers. [silence] tonight were thrilled to welcome awardwinning news anchor jorge ramos fresh off heels of the democratic debate with no barred approach exhibited in his role as lead news ang or cor since 1986. [applause] more than two Million People tune in daily to his nightly newscast. Jorge host the weekly Public Affair program as well as america with ramos on fusion and writes weekly column districted by the New York Times. Take a stand lesson from rebels, a retro perspective jorge has kungted during his 30 years as a journalist. With everyone from president obama to fidel castro. Those u interviews taught jorge about himself and world we lyft in. And in revisiting lessons in the book he offers readers a uniquely informed lens for critical key issues affecting the world today. The timeliness of this book cannot be overstated. Ramos also shines light on concerns that influence hispanics, largest minority in america. A mexico city native in author of ten books jorge is instrumental in providing literacy among latino and powerful and public voice for immigrants rights. Im the oner of dj and Dupont Circle we employ a number of first generation immigrants and i seen first hands how this group trust jorge as their voicebox and guide in the new america. Jorge has won eight emmy awards for complents in journalism and time hundred most influential list and mog influential hispanic in america. As a friend of jorges daughter i can say hes an awesome father. Please join me in becoming jorge ramos. [applause] obviously, i know him. [laughter] otherwise we wouldnt be talking like that. Thank you all so much. Thank you all for being here. [inaudible] okay. So well do to in english and then a little bit of spanglish and then spanish. And well be together for the next hour so lets take advantage of that. I really hate long speeches. Because im not running for anything even though some people might think i am. And the idea is that speak for humanist and then we have two microphones here and i would love to hear your comments. Many of the things i do im sure you dont like, and im fine with that. So lets have a conversation buzz right now is fantastic the fact that were in the middle of a very intense campaign. And let me tell you where i come from. I come from a country in which when i was your age. When i was 20, 21, 22 there was no simply no democracy. I come from a country in which in the last ten years 80 journalists have been killed. Obviously, im talking about mexico, and look whats happening here. We can come here and i can criticize the president of the United States. I can criticize your friend donald trump. I can criticize Hillary Clinton, Bernie Sanders, and cruz about marco rube owe and nothing absolutely nothing it happens. In other words thats the beauty of democracy in this country and we take it for granted. I go home, and go to the supermarket. I take a walk, i play tennis. Go for a jog and nothing absolutely nothing whats because thats the way democracy works here, and its beautiful. I still remember the last time when i talked to president obama. We had a disagreement on deportation iftion telling hill that he should have not deported immigrants, and he didnt agree with me. You know what happens afterwards . Nothing, isnt that beautiful . The most powerful man on earth didnt agree with me and i went home and nothing happened. Imagine what would have happened in mexico or o in brazil or many other countries and thats precisely the thing that i am intritting. And let me start by asking you to take a look at me because im a dinosaur. Im a dinosaur. Yeah. [laughter] and im making a huge effort trying not to be a dinosaur. But im a dinosaur. Because what ive been asking from you for the last 30 years in the reason why im publishing this book right now is im going to be going to be any 30th anniversary of news it is one of these, each one has a name. [laughter] so maybe like fight trump over here. [laughter] but whats really interesting is that ive been asking from you to watch the newscast every single days at 6 30 p. M. If you tune in at 6 29 you cannot see me. If you tune in at 7 01 im not there. So im a dinosaur because that had kind of appointment, tv that requirement ive been asking from each of you and millions of people is no longer valid, and in everything is changing because theres some migration of ice from tv and cspan is here and thank you cspan for having an interest in what were doing right now. Honestly because its important. But theres a migration of ice from tv to cell phones, an maybe i should have asked for your permission but youre on Facebook Live right now. You want to help me here . [cheering] so youre on Facebook Live. [laughter] all right, and let me tell you whats happening. The thing is that in the last super tuesday, for instance, we were broadcasting on univision and fusion on english and decided to broadcast on Facebook Live, and guess what millions of people, millions of people decided to watch what we were doing on facebook own a cell phone and not on tv. And many of you know exactly what had im talking about. Im doing a weekly show on fusion and half the people who are watching what we do dont even own a tv. In other words, about i am producing a tv show for people who dont own a tv. And thats amazing. Now, if youre starting journalism or communication let me tell you something. We dont know how to make money out of that. Because through us on tv its a different idea but how do you make money if you decide to broadcast through social media . Through the cell phones . Thats completely different. Now, that doesnt mean that its not a great time to be a journalist because i think right now is the best time to be a journalist. When you have millions of information. Tid bits of information on that internet. Then whats the value of being a journalist . Well i think its important. I think that value of being a journalist besides on your credibility, if what i say every night, if you dont believe what i say, my job as a journalist really makes absolutely, absolutely no sense. So thats one of the revolutions that i wanted to talk with you tonight o. Thats this technological revolution in which migrating to your cell phones and thats where news will be. Throughout every single morning i wake up and i check on social media not on the New York Times but i read it every morning. The Washington Post, [inaudible] miami harold. A few newspapers, i love to touch the paper, but many of you really are saying, what are you talking about . No. Thats where youre a dinosaur im sure thats what youre are thinking. I still love to do that. But the fact is if theres a breaking news if theres an earthquake in china or gunfire in los angeles, or a candidate says Something Interesting in chicago or ohio, or orlando. Right now i cannot compete. I cannot compete with facebook. I can compete with twitter. I cannot compete with snapchat or instagramp. Im not there. So as a reporter instead of rejecting that as many reporters have been doing, we just have to embrace that new technology. So thats the first revolution i wanted to tell you about. The second revolution has to do with what i call laul latina. When i first arrived in the United States there were 15 million latino. Right now, there are 55, and in 2055, 2055 would be a good year because i would turn 97 if im here. [laughter] but many of you will be here. And in 2055, ill be there, right . In 2055 look whats going to happen in 2055 this is based on Pugh Research numbers. The white population in this country, the white nonhispanic population in this country will become another minority. Think about it. So these will become a country of minorities. Think about it. How all what that means. It means that what im living right now in miami or 17 latino or when you go to a hospital to see the babies in los angeles, or or when you go to a school in houston or chicago had, precisely the future we are in a multicultural. Multiethnic krkt, country and thats what were seeing a revolution that i am celebrating. But not everyone is intritting. Celebrating. Many people are scared and not embracing these change and thats precisely what i think we are seeing with donald trump in some of his followers. Now, well talk a little bit about donald trump. Everybody is talking about donald trump, right hes changing honestly the dynamic of this campaign. But i thtnk that he has a view of the the United States. When he says were going to make america great. He wants to send us back to where we were and honestly to a place that many of us did not like. I mean we dont want to go back to racism and we dont want to go back to discrimination. And i think right now in this country, we are going in terms of latino demographic resolution were going from big numbers to power for the first time. For the first tile we sense were getting sense of what had it is to have power, and many of you are latinos here. How many of you speak spanish or latino . [cheering] we are just a few miles from the white house. And look how we are changing. Whats going on this country, and look ive said this many, many times. But these demographic revolution could be seen and felt everywhere. The music that we are listening to in this country its full of algorithm, it is chiita [inaudible] there you go. Let me give you a beautiful example. Yatd i had the privilege of interviewing sonya sotomayor, shes fantastic and then think of sonia when she was a little girl she was diagnosed with diabetes. And very early on see learned how to administer insulin shots to survive. Also very early Sonia Sotomayor one of the people that i interviewed for the book, she learned that she had to live life to the fullest. So i wents to to the supreme cot to talk to her, and then we had a plan. Because on tv, tv doesnt happen. Tv has to be produced. Its not something that you take for graptd theres a lot of things behind television. And then we thoughts how about if at the end of the interview we put salsa music real loud to see what happens, and then we did the experiment with a Supreme Court justice. Can can you imagine that . So we went to the Supreme Court justice, cue one producer brought salsa and then i finished the interview. I gave him the sign and then pow. Salsa music in the Supreme Court. Guess what happened with Sonia Sotomayor she stood up and told me, do you want to dance . [laughter] and we danced. And we danced. And the picture is here. Its in the book. Thats what im saying that were reforming everything here in the United States. Ive said also in the past more salsa has been sold in ketchup and more it is true, nick. Yeah. Or more or tortilla and bagels an hamburger buns and youre saying these man what is he saying thats true were changing absolutely everything here in the United States. And then i dont know why im sengsing sensing that many of you are liberal here. [laughter] but think of this. For the first time in history, we have two latinos running for the white house. And even though the majority of latinos in this country vote for the democratic party, its about 17 for the include party and 30 any changes. The reality is that the new normal for us, and its that great. New normal for us is that two latinos could become i dont know whats going to happen after i show you that tomorrow. But i can say that today. Two latinos could become the next president of the United States. Think about it. No . Isnt that just fantastic. Were talking about two immigrants. Mario rubio and ted cruz but not only that, that donald trump is also a son of immigrants so for the first time, we have yeah. [laughter] its true. Losing my voice here. All the way from scotland and so hes the son of immigrants. And what is so interesting again for the first time we have the pbility that two latinos could become the next president of the United States, and theyre 44, 45. So if it doesnt it happen this year, might happen in 2020 or 2024. It doesnt matters. But the fact is that we have gone latino from big numbers to power. For the first time and thats a huge change. And i think it is incredibly important that we realize that that new power is here. And that we can talk about things that in the past we really had no chance to talk about. And therefore, when when we hava cant who says donald trump, that mexican immigrants are rapist and drug traffickers, i think theres a new power, and we can respond to that, and we respond to that. Whats so interesting is that let me just put it in a question. Where were all the candidates nine months ago, where was the press nine months ago . Where was that u. S. Government in the Mexican Government nine months ago . When donald trump said that mexican immigrant were criminal and drug traffickers and rapists where were they . Nowhere to be found. Nowhere to be found, and then we responded. We latinos respond. We said no, you were absolutely wrong. What youre saying mr. Trump is not right. And it is absolutely wrong. And we responded. We just didnt wait for another [inaudible] and didnt wait for the latino candidate and wait for hispanic congressman to respond. We responded and that was [inaudible] we responded. It was [inaudible] it was all you have our artist and each one of you on social media were saying what you are saying mr. Trump is absolutely wrong. About that immigrants just see the studies are are not criminal nor rapist. He wantses to be 9000 mile wall between mexico and United States good luck. Because only 40 of immigrants undocumented immigrants come by plane or with a visa. So he wants a big wall. Well, i mean, its going to be a really big wall for that, no . And then he wants to change the constitution and the citizenship to the children who is undocumented. Well he would have to change had the constitution for that. And in other words, hes absolutely wrong and i think we have the right to start changing the conversation and i think we are changing the confers. Talking about latino power. Lets suppose that he wants hes saying that hes going to win the hispanic volt and lead me tell you some news mr. Trump. Youre not going to win the hispanic vote. [applause] these are the numbers that i got from the univision Washington Post that polled a few days ago. 8 of latinos have a negative opinion of donald trump. 81 . So how would that what would that mean in terms of if you were to run against Hillary Clinton or Bernie Sanders . Well, only 16 of latino16 . Who are who is that 16 . But 16 of latinos would vote for donald trump against Hillary Clinton. Or Bernie Sanders 16 . Can he win the white house with 16 . No he cant because mitt romney got 7 pbts of the hispanic vote and he lost the election. John mccain got 31 of the hispanic vote and he lost the election. So with 16 of the hispanic vote, donald trump cannot win the white house. And that is where our power is precisely. We have 27 million latinos. 27 million latinos who are eligible to vote. Unfortunately, not all of the latinos go to vote. But i think that donald trump is ing us because many latinos who are thonking im not going to vote they see donald trump say yes im going to vote. Yeah. Thats changing to 14 million going to the polls november the 8th with change and im complete convinced that no one, absolutely no one can make it to the white house without a hispanic votes and thats where our power resides saying no, no, let me put it in perpghtive saying that only 13 or 14 million hispanics go to polls. President obama won by less than 5 million votes so 13 million, 13 million votes could easily change the kftion. So thats my political speech. Let me tell youing the book and why it has connected. I think that after my encount we are donald trump. Let me put it in perspective. When he said that mexican immigrants were rapist and criminals i did what every other journalist would have done i sent him a handwritten note and send it via fedex. And he published on the internet, my letter with my cell phone number on it. So i had to change my cell phone number. And then i said okay, all right thats good. [laughter] thats your response. So i was looking for donald trump for a few weeks, and i found that he was going to give a press conference in dubuque, iowa, not a lot of journalists will be there so i bought a ticket and i went to there and confront donald trump in a press conference and i was not very successful. I was ejected the first time in 30 years which ive been ejected from a press conference for the first time. What is interesting is that i was ejected by one of his body guards. The only other time in which ive been prevented from asking a question with a body guard was with fidel castro i asked him about the lack of democracy in cuba. Wow, 1991 and 2016 president obama is going next monday to cuba and nothing has changed right well thats another conversation. But the fact that i was prevented from asking a question by fidel castro body guard and i have an interview with fidel. I dont know if i can call it an interview it lasted 63 seconds before i was pushed by a body guard. But i think he left it longer than my encounter with donald trump. I think he lasted only a few seconds. Now pung it i think it is danges when a president ial candidate attacks minorities. Because after he told me, trump told me go back to univision just a few seconds later, just a few succeeds later outside the press conference somebody told me get out of my country. He told me that. Get out of my country. And then i around the i said im a u. S. Citizen where do you want me to go . No but now that we are seeing confrontations and violence in trumps rallies, we know where that comes from precisely because i live that. I know, i think this discrimination and hatred is contagious a few seconds somebody told me somebody told me get out of my country, if that happened to me on National Television what would happen to many others . So i think what when it comes to and had goes directly to the essence of my book. Take a stand. Yet the photographer they thought that i should have standing up and thats one of the reasons why i decided to stand up when i was with donald trump because i thought that had i been sitting down he told me i dont know how many had tiles sit down, sit down no, no of course im not going to sit down. I think its important because its body language. If you have the same level if youre standing up, youre exactly the same level as the candidate or the member of congress or the president and its completely different, and i think when it comes, when do you have to stand up . Think about it. When when it is okay for you to stand up. To say no. Im not going to do that. Well, as a journalist, i think you have to take a stand because ive been asked how are you a journalist or activist. Im a journalist who asks questions, but these certain situations, you have to take a stand. When had it comes to [applause] yeah. No. I mean, simply no. And in that word is the first thing you have to do to take a stand. Maybe you dont know whats next, but you know whats right. And sometimes when you just say no, thats a first step. The idea behind the book not by any precedent or by any political leader, but by four dreamers. And these dreamers, six years ago they decided to do something incredibly crazy. Many people thought it was not, it was crazy. They wanted to go walking all the way from miami to here, to washington d. C. They have no papers, they were undocumented. And the first thing i thought and many people thought was theyre going to be detained in orlando or before, theyre going to get arrested, and theyre going to be thrown out of the United States and sent to a country that they dont even recognize. And they didnt care. And they decided to go all the way to d. C. They came all the way to d. C. And they started changing the conversation because their parents before them, before the dreamers and im sure many of you are dreamers. Yeah, good. You changed the conversation because your parents, they were hiding, and they thought that the best way to survive, that they had to sacrifice themselves. And they thought we rather dont move, lets live in the shadows. And if we dont make noise [speaking spanish] were going to be better off. Because back then it was incredibly dangerous for them to move. And they were investing their future for you, for many of you, for many of the dreamers. And these new generation of dreamers, they say, no. I dont want to live that way anymore. And they took the risk of walking all the way from miami to d. C. And they started changing the conversation. You remember when president barack obama said that he did not have the authority to change the law for executive action. He was not a king or an emperor. And then the dreamers slowly convinced the president that he did have the authority, and now we have to wait for the Supreme Court to make a ruling this summer. So the first lesson that i learned from the dreamers is that it doesnt matter what you do. The first step is to lose the fear. We all have fears. They had fears. But if you dont lose that fear at the beginning, if you adopt become a rebel dont become a rebel, then nothings going to change. And i think every Single Person that i included in the book from billionaires to prime ministers to rebels president s to rebels to dreamers to dissidents, they started with recognizing that they were fearful that if they didnt take that step, nothing could have been achieved. And then let me just finish with a wonderful anecdote from desmond tutu. You know, he fought with Nelson Mandela to change south africa. And i just wish that i could have the energy and to laugh with such enthusiasm as desmond tutu. But he told me something beautiful, i asked him, what should we learn from you . What should we learn within the Hispanic Community from the struggle in south africa in and he told me what you have to know is that it doesnt matter what happens, that at the end youre going to win. And thats just wonderful. Thats just fantastic. The idea that at the end youre absolutely convinced that youre going to win. Well, each one of the rebels that i include in the book but especially, especially the dreamers, they were convinced that at the end they were going to win. And i think that the idea behind the book i include in the last 30 years as a journalist, i interviewed more than 30 people that i include for the book, and i tried to draw a lesson from each one. I think that the most important lesson as a rebel, i learn it from my mother. Shes 82. Shes still working and, very dangerously, but shes still driving. [laughter] but what i learned from her, and i fish with this and then well finish with this and then well have a conversation. What i learned from her is when she was growing up in mexico, and let me put it in perspective. We are five kids. Im the oldest. And each year she had another one and another one and another one. Five together, four boys and one girl. My father kept on trying, he was going to get he wanted a girl, and he was, it was back hen in mexico, that was the only way. But then my mother when she was growing up, she was think about it she was not allowed to go to high school. Forget about college. She was not allowed to go to high school. And then when i was old enough to go to college, she had it. She said, thats it. I mean, what am i going to do . She was young, and she had a lot of energy, and she had been a wonderful mother for many years. But she needed much more. And then there wases a major was a major fight in my house with my father x then she said i dont care what you want, im going to go to college. My father saw her and said, what are you talking . She said, im going to go to college. So my mom went to high school, and then she went to college with me. So just imagine [laughter] she went to college with me. [applause] and its a true story. We went to university in mexico city, and i would see my mom in the corridors of the University Going from classroom to classroom. [laughter] and she was the first rebel that i knew. My mother, who broke all the rules, who fought with my father, who challenged every rule just to go to college and do whatever she wants. And that was my rebel, my mom. So that changed me. That changed the way i think about whats important and how just little actions, you know, little actions of rebelliousness can change a lot of things. And each one of you, of course, can change that. So thats my speech. And now let me just hear from you, okay . [applause] this is what i learned as a journalist. Every question has to have, has to be a question, right . [laughter] so thank you. Facebook, do you want to say goodbye to the facebook people . [applause] thank you. Thank you so much for being here. Youll see, its amazing what facebook is doing. Its amazing. Its changing my industry. So can i go, im going to cspan, im going to go downstairs. Okay. Who wants to start . Go ahead. [speaking spanish] im just going to give a quick little background, and then ill ask my question. I am a journalism and a Political Science student at the university of maryland. I was undocking united for 15 year undocumented for 15 years, and i see the person that you are for our community, and you are one of the very few leaders, in my opinion, for latinos and for immigrants, and i appreciate that and want to thank you personally for that. You are a hero for me. You are a hero for me, because i learn from you. [applause] thank you. My question is, were you first jorge an activist, or were you first jorge a journalist . Because we know that journalism is a profession in which you advocate and talk about injustices, and i wanted to know about your personal view on that. So thank you. I neither one. I think first i was an immigrant, and that changed, thats changing my whole view. When i go to mexico, they say, oh, youre a gringo, go back to the United States. [laughter] right here in the United States, they told me go back to your country. So thats what happens when youre an immigrant. [speaking spanish] a great french historian used to say that the powerful and the rich never, never go into exile. I became an immigrant because i had to be an immigrant, no . I didnt want to be an immigrant. It would have been great to be in my house and stay home, but i couldnt. So before being an activist or before being a journalist, im an immigrant. And that changed my whole perspective. Thank you. [applause] thank you, jorge. My name is joe. Im a journalist as well, and id like to ask if you werent covering the electioning this year, what stories would you be chasing right now . In the United States . Wherever. Well, i would again, because of where i come from, i think the tragedy of the immigrants coming from syria and libya crossing, risking their lives in the mediterranean going to greece and italy, i think thats a story where i would love to be right now instead of covering the election here. Thats where i would be. I think so. Its as important as what we are living in this country. And then i always think that today one of the best journalists in mexico is [applause] shes been off the air for one year today. And you know what happened in mexico . She denounced that the mexican president and hes white [speaking spanish] that they bought a house, a 7 million house from a government contractor. Can you imagine that . And then you would think, okay, so theyre going to lose their job, right . Or somethings going to happen. The ones who lost their jobs were the journalists who denounced them. So i think if i had been in mexico, i would be unemployed, i guess. [laughter] or worse. Think of the mexican journalists who have been killed. So thanks for the question. Thank you. [applause] hola. My name is jest key leon jesse leon, im originally from san diego, and its an honor to be here. My question for you is what do you think is the best solution to address the clandestine activities associated with the drug trade, especially those adversely affecting our youth like addiction, Gang Violence and even the sex trade . And the reason i ask is the following im not a journalist. When people see me be, i went to harvard, i went to the kennedy school, i went to uc berkeley undergrad, went to upenn postgrad. I used to manage the foundation for Jpmorgan Chase out of miami, bank of america before that, and now im here with the u. S. Government. And since i moved to d. C. , my level of frustration of policies being created by and those that do not represent our Community Get really frustrating. So the question comes from a place of im a former cholo, covered in tattoos. At 11 years i was sexually abused. At 12 i became a sex worker in the sex trade by force. By the time i was 14, i had 400 sex partners by force, and i was drugged. At 16 i was living in east l. A. In a trailer by first and soto, male prostitute on santa monica boulevard, and at 18 i was homeless in balboa park in san diego doing anything and everything to get my next hit of done. So very few people talk about the sex trade, sexual abuse and the many repercussions that come from that in our communities. And what would you recommend to somebody like me who lived that life who did go to harvard after that, who did go to bly, who had that mother berkeley, who had that mother that stood by me no matter what to get that story out . So i keep being told tell your story, tell your story, and im not going to let the opportunity pass having jorge ramos in front of me to say how do you [applause] how do you address these issues of the drug trade, sex trade and the impact its having on on our youth and someone like me whos just new to government feels that frustration when i feel i had more impact in the private sector. You have the courage that i dont have. And what you just did right now, thats so full of courage. [speaking spanish] and i think you know much more about that than i do. But i think whats so important is that you have the courage to tell that story to everyone here. And if you can tell that same story in many different ways, if you write a book, if you go on social media, if you start the conversation with other people, thats precisely what we need to hear. Of im always frustrated with former president s, i talk to president fox [inaudible] but whats so interesting is that former prime ministers they always say, oh, yes, legalize drugs. But when they are in power, they dont have the courage to do that. So i cannot pretend that i know exactly what you should do. But i think what you just did right now, thats precisely what you should do. Tell your story. Dont be afraid. Tell your story. You just did. [applause] congratulations, jorge. Thank you for being here. [speaking spanish] i have, i would like to ask you two inputs about two topics. One of them is the independent candidacies in mexico, how are they going to develop and the impact for latins here in the states. And the other one is what do you think about the double citizenship, a latino citizenship and the american citizenship of one person being in mexico . How is he being looked by the people . Is not i cant, i have two passports, i can vote here in the United States and i can vote in mexico, and i think its fine, because i am from both countries. Thats what dines me right now. And defines me right now. And i could be criticized, and im always criticized here in the United States, and im always criticized in mexico. And for both countries i cannot change that. And if im having an influence in both countries, why shouldnt i vote in both countries . At the same time, does it diminish your power if you want to pursue something in the government arena . Well, i dont think you can, i dont think you can run, right . In mexico in you just cant join the military, but you can join the government. Yeah. There are many different ways of doing that. If you want to run as an independent in mexico, obviously, you have to give up one of the citizenships. And the independent candidacies . I think its beautiful. Mexicans are as fed up as americans with the establishment. And then just imagine having the possibility of having an independent candidate in mexico. It would be fantastic. Hen there would be the problem. But then there would be the problem. But as candidates, im all for it. It was fought for for years, and it was denied, and now he and many others will have the chance to win. Who wants the pri or prd in mexico . We want change, right . So im all for it, all for it. Thank you. Thank you. [applause] some of you were not my name is [inaudible] and i am dreamer. There are other dreamers that just like me took the challenge to come to d. C. And become a congressional intern. I think weve taken that stand to represent our community. But what can the media and our community do to stand with us and possibly change the future not only of dreamers, but of our parents . How old were you when you got here . Excuse me . How old were you when you got 15. 15. And i think youre already changing the conversation. You dont look at the tactics that youve used, and i say you as a dreamer. The in your face tactics that you have, nobody else has used that. When you go to the offices of senators and members of congress and you tell them your story, that changed everything when you decided to go to the white house and tell the president. That changed absolutely everything. So it is not a matter of the dreamers have a strength that the immigrant community didnt have in the past. The traditional hispanic leaders look at you in despair saying what are these little boys doing, huh . Youre changing the conversation. So joust dont be afraid just dont be afraid. Just keep on saying what you think. I think thats the most important thing. I for many, many, many years we were waiting for another cesar chavez, no . And cesar chavez in 1984, he said in a speech in california, he said ive seen the future, and the future is ours. Well, he was talking about you. No . Thats the future. Not only in the numbers, but in the way we can change the conversation. And you are changing the conversation. So i think its the other way around, you just dont realize that. But it is the politicians looking at what you are doing, not the other way around. So thank you. No, thank you. [applause] sorry i interrupted before, but youre about to hear an oxymoron. Im a guatemalan feminist, and thats the reason why im standing here. I have a dual citizenship as well, so even though i was born here, i am as guatemalan as you can believe. And i dont want to die without seeing a female president in either other of my countriment and [applause] i read an article last night before i went to sheep to sleep because continuously im attacked on voting for Hillary Clinton, i do not feel the bern, im sorry. [laughter] and they attack me when i say im voting for her because shes a woman. You know what . Maybe i am. So i read an article last night, and it says if you were to twist around the plot, if hillary did not have the ivy league, if she were not former first lady, if she had not ever been in the white house, chances are she wouldnt have the momentum that bernie does. So if bernie were bernadette, bernie would not be seen near you or nobody will be feeling the bernadette can burn, you know . So whats your stand on that . I know that you are harsh, so sometimes were different on things there. But i want to hear a good standpoint on Hillary Clinton. [applause] yeah, and im not going to talk about that because [laughter] no, i think my job, for instance, i think i can be tough on both republicans and democrats. Many people thought that we couldnt do that. And ive been really tough on trump, ive been really tough on marco rubio and ted cruz for turning their backs on the immigrants who came after their parents. And i think last debate with the democrats, i think i was tough enough with sanders and with Hillary Clinton. [applause] and i think thats my job. But something important, i think, is that as a journalist, i think i can be tough and independent, but i cannot be partisan. If i were here and tell you im for one party or the other, you just wouldnt trust me. So do you think that if the plots were the other way around, bernadette would be standing where she is right now . You tell me now. I dont think so. [laughter] thank you. Thanks. You know, we have a few minutes, but i would like to hear all of you, so why dont we hear all of you, and then ill stay a few more, another hour to sign your bookings. I just dont books. I just dont want you to be here forever. Go ahead. Share questions okay, lets do it, lets play a game. [laughter] during the debate, now youll feel the [laughter] you see how difficult it is. During the debate the candidates agree on certain rules. And they have to give an answer in 30 seconds. Sometimes they have a minute, but if they have to respond, they have to do it in 30 seconds. So this is my challenge for each one of you, okay . [laughter] you have 30 seconds for the question or a comment. Whatever you want. And i wont say anything until the end. But you have 30 seconds. Ready. Okay, go ahead. [laughter] and im seeing the number of 34 oh, okay. [laughter] my name is [inaudible] i go to the university of kansas, and my question was have you ever thought running for office in the past . Did it ever cross your mind . Are we ever going to see a president ramos in mexico [cheers and applause] as a journalist, i think i better use my influence as a journalist. Yes, at some point i did consider going back to mexico. Thats why i went to grad school. Not mihm. Not anymore. Im 57 already. Its your turn. Next. Good evening. I want to say thank you for staying truthful in the election and providing one of the most unbiased mod rayings ive moderations ive ever seen in the election so far, so congratulations, and i really appreciate that, keeping us honest. A lot of us are rebels here, a lot of us are dreamers, a lot of us are outspoken, a lot of hopefuls here. But sometimes along the way we stumble, right, and we fall down. What guidance can you provide or what light can you shed on those that fall and we dont want to get back up sometimes . Especially as minorities, right . Those falls are really hard. Just follow the example of the dreamers, no . They were really afraid of even being deported, and look what they did. They changed the conversation. Its okay to be afraid. You just have to conquer that. If you can conquer that, itll be impossible. 30 seconds. [laughter] [inaudible] [speaking spanish] look at that. No. No, no. [speaking spanish] im actually from the most dangerous state for journalists in mexico. So besides i get condemning the acts that are happening, you more than anyone else know how much influence that u. S. Government has in mexican politics and mexicos policy. So what should the u. S. Government do about the atrocities that are happening to journalists in mexico . [applause] i wish the u. S. Government would speak much more about that. But besides condemning it, any policies that you think should be [inaudible] honestly, yeah, i think it is mexicans who will have to deal with that directly. I mean, if we, if there was the u. S. Government directing on what to do with human rights violation in mexico, the way mexicans are, they wouldnt respond positively. I think mexicans are changing mexico from within, and thats what we have to do. Whats happening with [inaudible] in vera cruz, its completely unacceptable. And mexicans are razeeing that. Grass realizing that. Gracias. [speaking spanish] its been 15 years since i havent gone back. Im going back on thursday. Oh. [speaking spanish] for the first time this 15 years. First time in 15 years. [speaking spanish] [applause] [speaking spanish] gracias. [applause] benot know chess. Recording. [laughter] no, im recording you. Im julian gomez, im the College Chapter leader or the College Chapter coordinator for define american, and define american seeks to change the conversation around immigration, and we recently launched our College Chapters network, and so i wanted to ask you and this is why im recording, so i can show our chapter leaders [inaudible] how can our chapter leaders, our young chapter leaders in colleges around the country change the conversation on their campus and bring in folks who are maybe fellow students who are reluctant to join the conversation . I dont know, you tell me. What are you doing . It is wonderful. Thank you very much. I want to hear you instead of me giving you answers so i am not going to respond anymore but i want to hear you. 30 seconds each and then another 15 minutes. Will that be okay . I have a couple questions. [laughter] they are Great Questions i promise. I am from pueblo, mexico, studied american as well and i was wondering what was your greatest challenge you had and how do you overcome it, how do you decide to move forward instead of backward, and what do you say to emerging leaders, especially female leaders in the country if you havent yet . The most difficult thing was to decide to be an immigrant. I did not want to be an immigrant, i was forced, the most difficult thing was to come to the United States. I was 24, what was i thinking . I gave up everything. That was the most difficult decision. We will talk later. When you were talking about journalism and objectivism, someone who is fashion at about human rights issues, a lot of journalists dont take a stand like you do but i had a question about the narrative around donald trump how do journalists respect him as a candidate because he is a candidate as idiotic as he is, but not legitimate his hate speech that he is continuing to message . I wish they would be tougher on him. He has been getting away with it for too long. We have to change it. I love mexico. My question is given the financial crisis, my heart is bleeding. So much political trouble there is no clarity how we got here and what to do, what would you ask to get clarity of what is going on and how to fix it . I dont know. Honestly, the answer has to be done by puerto ricans. I find it strange that we are asking the us what to do in puerto rico. It is unthinkable in other countries. In many ways i think of puerto rico as an independent nation in many ways. That is my point of view. I work in the Mexican Embassy in dc, thanks for being here. During your speech you talked about how whites in 2055 will be a minority in the us and people cheered and you talked about people cheered, more than 1000 people cheered. Dont you think we have to be very careful not to sound more superior and compare things and not to seem to be saying whites are inherently not that good . Cheering for those things sounds as increment a story is many things many whites do in this country. We have to be very careful the way we portray things and celebrate certain things. I have a different point of view. [applause] i think the president has done a terrible job responding to donald trump. 241 days to respond to donald trump. That is not the way to do it. [speaking spanish] [applause] i wasnt talking politics, more about society, creating a mixed society whether africanamericans or latinos, you want to bring these societies together, not make one better than the other. I dont think we are making one better than the other, just recognizing the growth, changes. Good evening. You dedicated your 2004 book to the first latino president who use that had already been born. That is the line that inspired me to go into public policy. The latino has not made it to the general election, what do you see that day looking like and what will it mean for the Latino Community when a president is elected . We have the wrong idea about the first hispanic president. We thought he would be a democrat. He might be a republican. In that way, we have to do much more. The latino candidate from the democratic party, or the asian candidate from the democratic party, the African American from the democratic party. Republicans are doing something right. We have the idea that it was going to be a democrat. Now it seems marco rubio or ted cruz might have a better chance in the next election. We will see. My name is diego from guatemala. There is an argument among political scientists the Latino Community is in a tough spot, the Republican Party has abandoned latino policy choices but democrats dont have to worry about latino policy choices because they shared their vote, what do you think the Latino Community can do to make sure there policy choices they can take us for granted. George w. Bush, 44 of the hispanic vote. Remember 2004, republicans thought they would split the hispanic vote but they made many mistakes especially on immigration but democrats would make a huge mistake if they make the hispanic vote for granted. When it comes to values and the important a family, religion, his suspicion of government, many latinos feel closer to the Republican Party than the democratic party. If they dont take that into consideration we are in trouble. Thank you. My name is elizabeth and i am a Mexican American born to immigrant parents and im pretty nervous because i have been watching you since a long time, you would come on at 6 00 and i would go to my room because i want to watch the news at this point but i started seeing your books and everything and that is when i started thinking about my mexican identity and you are mexican and you are always identifying as an immigrant, being born here, my parents being mexican i have had to mesh those two things together but and knowing you as a journalist, you identifying as an immigrant in the us, the reporting you do is because of your influence on this culture, this culture being the mixture of american and mexican influence the reporting you do when you do stuff in mexico. Absolutely everything. It would be who i am affect everything i do and the fact that i am an immigrant means reporting about immigrants in the United States. Not about south africa. Does it connect to the public you are reporting to being in mexico and being immersed in our culture in the us . A wonderful writer told me i had the opportunity to talk to her and she said until she realized she had a specific point of view and was different from the others, that is when she found her voice and i think i found my voice when i accepted completely that i am who i am. That changes everything i do. It is a different story than yours, but when she recognized she was who she was now in mexico she lives in mexico now, looking for her house and i am looking for my house too. When you are an immigrant you are always looking for your house, a place to call home and your question is beautiful because i cannot be anyone else. I cant compete with anderson cooper, i cant compete with cbs news or nbc news because i am not them. My only value is to recognize who i am. [applause] [speaking spanish] i got really involved in politics. The latino, the town of texas, a frustrating experience, i was wasting my time, how do you channel the anger or frustration for something you feel passionate about . Do things. That is exactly what you are doing. That anger, that frustration into something and it works beautifully. You are changing things, right . Registers and voting. Something you can touch. That is the beauty of sculptors and artists that it can touch their anger and frustration and enthusiasm. Do something you can touch and it changes everything. Thank you for covering. How are we doing on time . Five more minutes . To some autographs and pictures. You want selfys . I dont know how we are going to do with selfys. 5 more minutes. It would be like 3 and 3. Next . [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] i am a journalism student at Georgetown University and i have a question about journalism in general. You have been very open about opposing donald trump but in Journalism School they teach we have to be impartial. I am from venezuela, and what is happening to my country, when does the journalist end and the person begins . I put it a different way. The question should be when as a journalist you have to take a stand, if you are reporting about a crash or a fire, five people die you say five people, if you i agree with the basics of journalism. You have to be neutral. But then sometimes you have to take a stand when it comes to racism, discrimination, corruption, public life, dictatorship you have to take a stand. You see spotlight . Remember what happened with watergate. Reporters took a stand, spotlight, reporters take a stand against the Catholic Church with the victims, they took a stand. At some point they just cant be neutral. Abuse a child, exactly the same as the victims, they took a stand, and i think ive i see happening now in venezuela, someone is abusing human rights. That is your job as a reporter. I agree with the basics, we have to report what we see. If you dont take a stand nothing happens. The best examples of great journalism in the United States, against mccarthy or during the vietnam war or katrina, spotlight, that is the best of journalism when you take a stand. Not all the time, a few times but if you dont take a stand you are not doing your job. We have time for two more questions and then the rest, i know. All right, all right. Next . I actually work with the latino newspaper for the Washington Post, been here for six years, documenting on this in this election. The one topic no one is talking about is frustrating, we talk about a lot of millions of immigrants being deported to their country, many of us, a lot of journalists are blaming the us, fighting against obama or all these people but again we are not being upset or frustrated with the government, the president of el salvador, mike two questions, how the latino advocate, how can we protect and fight for those people because a lot of children go back and are dying. These teenagers are going back to gang members. It is heartbreaking we are not protecting them from our end and we talk about White Privilege country, i wasnt born here but i see that, or i become president or become united or citizens that i realize the privilege they have in this country is frustrating, it aggravates me a lot, they are not fighting for the people and dont necessarily have to have a Family Member in mexico, they are not fighting for those people so how you as an activist or journalist, what do you tell the latinos . [speaking spanish] or smack latinos are taking for granted people in our country are dying and nobody cares. What do you say to them. You need to speak up. When eric garner was killed by the new york police, spike lee decided to speak up. He didnt have to do it but he did it and when you see something happen in honduras you have no important how it is for an africanamerican government, what we are seeing here about them in social media. Really upsetting to me. What you are saying right here cspan is broadcasting. Just imagine the impact that could have in honduras. [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] i am originally my question is what do you think the honduran government to do to increase decrease the violence and murders in the country and your opinion about the amount of highranking politicians that got away with the social help scam. Along answer but in terms of honduras it is a real crisis right now. In honduras how do you stop the violence . We dont know how to do that. I am not going to pretend to know. Everyone is different, idea of the drug trade is affecting everything, the war on drugs hasnt worked at all. That is the first place to start. We start with the war on drugs, it isnt working. Thank you. [applause] [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] i just think, and they have to respond, and standing up in front of donald trump, make sure your voice has heard, and take hispanic votes and take us for granted and respond to the question. [applause] 30 seconds each. 30 seconds. [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] my name is veronica, i am from ukraine, and getting here, people here know that. Is it possible i am a journalist. So i am here. Not tonight for sure. [speaking spanish] i want to hear your voice. I want to tell you a little bit that i am passionate about, the environment, and a lot of latinos are very passionate about that as well. My question is, how do you see the latino voice impacting Environmental Policies addressing Climate Change which something that disproportionately affect the Latino Community here and where our countries of origin may be . Three more. [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] thank you. Two more. What advice do you have for activists who have a heart for justice but suffer from depression . Just speak up. Many times you think you dont have a voice and you do have a voice and we need to listen to it. If you dont speak up we dont listen. [speaking spanish] my name is christina. I want to ask about univision cohosted the democratic debate and just before that debate 6 million homes nearly didnt have access to univision because of the at t deal and they redline, pointed this out as a form of discrimination hispanic americans face today not being able to act on relevant content. What would you tell the room about this kind of discrimination . We are trying to make what we just did at the beginning everybody wanted to watch was able to watch. Facebook is fantastic. [applause] thank you for joining us. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] you are watching the tv on cspan2, television for serious readers. Here is a look at what is on prime time tonight. We kick off the evening at 8 30 on how the welfare system has failed the poor. On afterwards at 10 00 pm eastern former congressman jc watts recalls his path from College Athlete to public office. Steve also recalled the volcanic eruption at Mount Saint Helens on may 18, 1980. Starting at midnight eastern, our first day of coverage from the 21 stu annual Los Angeles Times festival of books. That happens tonight on cspan2s booktv. Here is a look at some upcoming book fairs and festivals happening around the country. We are live from the universally the Los Angeles Times festival of books, visit our website for the full event schedule. On april 16th we are live from marylands capital for the Annapolis Book festival. Authors include diane rein and pulitzer prizewinning historian tim weiner. Coming up in may from chicago, look for coverage of book expo america, the publishing industrys annual gathering featuring hundreds of books and authors. Later in the month we are live from gaithersburg, maryland for the Fourth Annual book festival featuring fox news host Juan Williams and Washington Post columnist a j dion. For more information about book fairs and festivals booktv will be covering and to watch previous festival coverage click the book 1st have on our website booktv. Org. Let me introduce fred. s most important distinction is he has done one or two rings in his illustrious career, the National Security columnist at slate and author of four books, most recently the insurgent, at least crossed over with this new book which some people might necessarily imagine. A pulitzer prizewinning journalist whose days at the boston globe i am very pleased to be able to host today. The word on format, to give a few minutes describing the book and telling us a little about what is in it, take the opportunity to have a conversation, to explore some of the scenes and what we might conclude from that