Transcripts For CSPAN Washington Journal 20160515

Cspan two. S on the sunday morning we want to turn our attention to politics and the latest recordings released late last week by the showing donald, trump supposedly talking about being his own publicist as the miller. M john do these recordings matter . We will let you know in just a moment. In onand comments, coming the line for democrats. 202 also, share your comments on facebook, facebook. Com cspan, or send us a tweet, http twitter. Com cspanwj. More on these recordings is Available Online. Quoting laura ingram, a conservative regular truck talk show host says the media is treating this like its watergate. It doesnt matter, he told chris wallace, questioning whether or not it matters at all. It is stupid, but this is going to heres a portion is released by the Washington Post, last week. Host donald trump claims that that is not his voice. We will hear from him and in his interview from friday, John Cassaday is writing about it this morning. This is the headline a trumpf character should not be underestimated, he knows how to play the media, his status as a novice and outsider , but him a label leg up ultimately voters will have to decide whether he passes the smell test. Does he have the character and judgment to be president . Politico, he denies that he was his own commentator. From rock dots lakeland,n, from florida, does any of this matter . Caller i do think that it matters. Its pretty obvious that thats. Is voice on the tape the media is allowing him to get away with whatever he wants to do. To me, that recording that he made, you watch it and you see those professionals saying that thats his voice, the media is still sitting here trying to we dont know if its him or not. We will wait until donald trump gets on television this morning and he says its not him, then we take his word for it . To me, the media, you guys are being duped by him continually. He has not been challenged by any media outlet since he started running for office. You let him talk, you let him say what he wants to say. You dont directly challenge him, he talks over you, he is his way and you guys allow it to happen again and again. Trump is playing this game and you are letting it happen. Why arent the journalists doing their jobs . You for the call. Trust me, donald trump is welcome here for any extended interview. We had one interview with him that ran for and a half minutes. The requests continue. This is from one of our viewers saying no, the tapes dont matter, what matters is that clinton should not have a third term to destroy whats left of the republic, much of the media liberal. Crossing the line, trumps private contacts with women over. He years donald trump and women, invoking a familiar cascade of casual insults hurled from twitter accounts, radio shows, or camping podiums host vincent is next. Great neck, new york. Line for independent callers. Caller this is a big deal. Donald trump is a clear and present danger. Hes clearly mentally unstable and unsuited to be commander in chief and its time for the American People to wake up and realize that this man is simply not playing with a full deck. He needs to be in a straitjacket and not in the oval office host . Oval office. Host thank you for the call. This lets go to al, joining us this morning from charlestown, rhode island. Republican line, good morning. Your thoughts . There tot everyone out hear what im saying, its so important. Every news company, every newspaper, every tv station owned by the secular jewish left is out to destroy him because they cannot take the competition. For hillarythe fix clinton because she will do whatever they want. Just like zuckerberg. Facebook. A little kid who comes out and keep theng to republicans or conservative voices off his facebook program. The jewish left to owns all of , the republicans are so stupid because they dont see what he does to them. Its unbelievable. Sheldon abelson, longtime supporter of Many Republican candidate, has written this piece in the oped page of , dearWashington Post gop its time to bet on our host robert cost is going to be joining us later this morning with his take on the campaign. Mavis, fort lauderdale, florida, good morning to you. Good morning. I would like to say that the tapes to matter. It does show im independent, i voted republican. I voted republican because republicans stood for something. Small government, low taxes. Does hasg the party been going out the window in this election. As an independent who has voted for republicans, its amazing to our principle is gone and we are just prepared to say it doesnt matter. Nothing really matters now when it comes to the Republican Party. Giving it to trump Carte Blanche . That was only a suggestion. The cost ofnt to do it, but now hes open to doing it . I dont understand why they arent standing up and standing firm. We need to get someone else to represent the Republican Party. Mr. Trump has no principles at all. Mavis, thank you for the call. Donald trumps 1991 phone call. Likely to hurt his campaign the revelation was unlikely to make any difference in the bid. Or the white house mr. Sheridan says that she doesnt need to lie about it, as most people admitted it. He seemed to know. It relates to be seen whether or not it actually matters. Jody has this point from twitter this is from friday mornings today show, and a question to donald trump. [video clip] is this you . Mymp it doesnt sell playboys at all. I have a lot of people trying to imitate my voice. You can imagine that. This sounds like one of the many scams. Doesnt sound like me. The posting knowledge that it was you but it was a joke . Have noo idea trump idea. They said that you would do this routinely. That you would plant stories saying to you are john miller or john barron. That it was you on the phone. Did you do that with regularity . Me on thet was not phone. It doesnt sound me and it was not me. When was this, 25 years ago . The early 90s. Trump you are going so low to talk about whether i made a phone call 25 years ago under a presumed name . Yes. Trump ok. The answer is no. Lets get on to more current subjects. I know its warm i know its a wonderful for your listeners. Donald trump, denying that he is john miller. York news is writing about it as well. Does pretending to be john miller make him a liar unfit for the presidency . If we eliminated every politician who like to us we would be down to Mother Teresa and she is dead. Story from the new york daily news. Hillary clinton is the subject of an editorial this morning. Herhillary myth ignores reputation as the public has called her on dubious ethics with a penchant for lying, lying when its necessary and when it isnt, her lies are so numerous and palpable it takes 13 minutes for a new video to show a fraction of host back to your calls on these recordings with donald trump and whether you think they matter. Mike . You are next. You. R good morning to i think the media bias is revolting. Take a look at the title you are showing on your screen and what. Ou just said these recordings . Mileage, it is only this recording. This shows that you are against trump. Cspan, you are supposed to be not biased. Please act that way. We need that here in america. Host with all due respect, wheres the bias . Caller these recordings. According to the new york city news, and other outlets there have been repeated phone calls that were made as a publicist as john baron or john miller. Reported, however only one has been played or made public. Believe me, if more were there, they would play them. There is one that you are talking about this morning. It should be this recording. Host do they matter, even if its just one . Caller its a big difference. These makes it sound rampant. Host do you think its donald trump on the recordings . Caller doesnt matter. 25 years ago . Host i understand. Do you think its donald trump on the recordings question mark yes or no . Do you think that donald trump made those recordings . Caller i have no idea. I dont care. Him he has said it is not and other people are convinced. I wonder if people the truth. Same thing about this editorial about the lies of Hillary Clinton. Those are factors as well. Caller the you are member of call he made 25 years ago . Host thats not the point. Caller yes, it is the point. For and im not running president. We appreciate it. We are grateful and what makes this rogue and work are all points of view. Let us know what you think we are doing right and wrong. We are a very transparent network. Thank you for the call. Ray, massachusetts, independent line. Good morning. Are you . Ow good. Hope you let me talk a bit. I dont think it matters. What i think matters is that the republicans ought to think about what is going on with their party. They can when the congress and lets talk about only 26 or 27 of the people voting. Number two, you had my fellow neighbor from rhode island call on the jews. Remember trump telling everyone to raise their right hand . Reminded me of hitler. Didnt it . And hes talking about muslims and mexicans . This you want to have another third world war . America. I think in the next election you will see these democrats come out and all these republicans will be out of office and looking for a job. Host stella has this tweak host this from another viewer host next on the line for independence, tesla from flushing, new york. Caller good morning to you. I wish that all men did not lie in life, but he loves his own voice so much. I did it, with this naked difference . I doubt it. Lets be honest. Something happens 25 years ago. He promotes himself. We know his character. Most americans know this character. It doesnt make a difference. If the lives cost the life if the lies cost the life of people , he would be talking about benghazi. On lies thatus destroy peoples lives. I think that personality is him as a character. Host ok, thank you for the call. Another tweet from a viewer saying that he could have left it out as left it off as a bit of fun, but this suggests hes ashamed of it. Robert cost, joining us later this morning, has more on the potential thirdparty bid by a band of exasperated veteran consultants and members of the intelligentsia actively plotting to draft an independent president ial candidate they could keep trump from the white these gop figures are commissioning private polling, funding sources, potentially contenders according to interviews with more than one dozen republicans. Ashley, next, to joining us on the line for democrats. Houston, texas, good morning caller . Person good morning. Caller personally i think that trump is a complete narcissist. He refers to himself in the third party all the time. And thats dangerous. Hes psychologically unstable. Thats an indication of such. Himself. About everything is about trump. I thank you. Host steve, your next, good morning. Caller how are you . Like to say, i want your viewers to understand, i watch the news and i have been for over a year. Whether hes right, wrong, or whatever. To know why the republicans in do notocrats in Congress Want him in . Everyone to think of this. You know what would happen to the congress with a republican democrat . If donald trump became president . You know what that would make them look like, if you did a great job . The country went down the chute , you and this guy, you know what that would make them look like . Thank you very much. Writingoomberg politics about Hillary Clinton. Keeping in mind that the next round of primaries is tuesday, kentucky. That was of course several months ago. Hillary clinton is facing a convergence of controversies and questions old and new that are in the general election. Founded by her husband, raising nottions as to whether or Hillary Clinton would be able to disengage from the tangled, personal, and business ties of bill clinton. A republicanled House Committee is aiming to release its report on the 2012 attack in benghazi. Both Party Conventions are getting underway, the fbi is working to conclude an investigation into the use of a private mail server while she Service Secretary of state. Linda, republican line, nebraska. Good morning. Im sorry, maine. Good morning, linda. Caller yes, good morning. I wanted to thank you for cspan. I love your show. I think that they should stop trending trump. I think they should give the man a fair chance. I dont see that happening. I think you will be great. Hillary, i truly think, has got some issues and shouldnt be running. Thats all i want to say. Another viewer saying according to John Cassaday he admitted to using the name john miller, so why lie . These are Available Online and run 14 minutes on washington website. Heres more from 1991. [video clip] again thisrecording morning from politico, donald trump vehemently denying that he was the man named john miller, acting as a trump media spokesperson. Fox news reporting on antitrump republicans, looking at one potential candidate who says hes not interested, mark cuban. The group of republicans trying. O lower him into the race he told the Washington Post that his loud him persona combined with his ability to connect with voters could make him a winning boater on an independent ticket. The team owner rejecting advances, the saying that he could withstand trump in the election saying that she could come after me and he knows i would put him in his place. I dont see it happening, there isnt enough time. Romney, democratic line, these recordings, do they matter in any way for donald trump . Caller i think they matter because ago see her character. Thats all i have to say. Host ok. We will go to sam. Waldron, arkansas. Caller good morning, cspan. Thanks for taking my call. First thing, im more likely to elect your tailor and your suit for office. Thats a goodlooking look. Host give my wife all the credit. I cant take any. Its all her. [laughter] caller i appreciate that. On to the topic, yes, the clear lack of character, the inability to expect except responsibility for what could be a prank, the default posture, the pure narcissism of always denying responsibility for actions, it just underscores the lack of character and it is just sad that our climate and temperament in this country has brought us to the white where these are our choices. Thank you. Thank you. Conservatism, whats next after donald trump . Bernie,listen to joining us from deerfield beach, florida. Good morning. How are you . Thank you for being cspan. Up. Public needs to wake donald trump wont release his tax returns because he beats everybody by paying as little as possible. If he didnt have suspicious tax returns, he wouldnt be audited. Serial liar. A he is playing america for a sucker. He has no power to do anything. Its all up to congress. Congress will not do these crazy things. If you elect trump, you elect of loudmouth empty chair. Thank you for taking my comment. Thank you. Carl, republican line, california. Caller i want to speak about what the guy said a while ago, about the use the words used to describe. You could take to reporters and look at the same story and the words that they use to describe the story, left or right, thats common. I could see that. Say, i have been voting since i voted for john f. Kennedy. This is the worst year ive ever seen. My goodness, this is the worst president president ial election of ever seen. Liar who habitual doesnt know what the truth is. Bombastic,s obnoxious guy from new york. Ive never seen anything like this in my life. Thank you. Thank you for the call. Jan has this point of view that is definitely him, he cant deny it. This from karen picking john miller as a pseudo name doesnt show much. Agination a look at paul vida felt this morning. The washington transit chief is betting on a new approach. Congress is back this week. Among the issues, the opioid crisis. Paul ryan outlining what the house and senate hope to accomplish. Of our fellow citizens die every year from drug overdoses than they do of car accidents. Today the house continues to work on legislation that addresses the heroin and Opioid Epidemic across this country. You heard from susan brooks and bob dole, authors of two of these initiatives. By the end of this week we are acting on 18 bills to deal with this. I will be signing one of them today. A transnational Drug Trafficking act bill. Allowing prosecutors to go after drug traffickers in Foreign Countries if we believe that their drugs will make it to our shores. The one reason that we call this an epidemic is because it cuts across all demographics. It affects families everywhere in america. These athletes get injured in that they are prescribed medication area if they know if they are the path to dependency and addiction. Yesterday we passed a bill to help families and students deal with these dangers. You can be born with the dependency. It happens every 25 minutes in this country. To eat ands struggle breathe. Yesterday we passed a bill introduced by evan jenkins to help protect infants and make sure that they get a healthy start. The next step here is that we take all the bills we are passing out of the house and go into a Conference Committee with the senate. I hope that each and every one of you will be back here when we sign this bill. This Opioid Epidemic is something we have to get on top of. Im very proud of the republicans and democrats who have come together to address the situation because this really is about peoples lives. Whole communities that are being torn apart. I believe that we can win this fight must. Lawmakers return this week. Joining us live on the form on the phone, sarah karlin smith, following the issues on politico. Thank you for being with us. Caller thanks for having me. Let me begin by what the white house has said. The criticism here is that there is not enough money to back up at the house and senate are trying to do. What are you hearing . Caller so, the white house earlier this year called on congress to provide 1. 1 billion in funding to address the Opioid Epidemic. The bills passed by the senate in march and by the house this week dont provide any new money to address the epidemic. Appropriators to provide money, but its a much lower amount. 100 million in the house bill. Course, appropriators will have to go through that process and give the money. Its not given as a bill. The white house has been critical of the process. Democrats in the senate and the house have tried to add new money to the legislation that was passed out. Unfortunately there were not enough votes for that. Werehe measures that passed are essentially either not funded with any new money or will have to go through the appropriations process and it is a lot less that what the white house says they needed to truly address the crisis in the country. Host youve been following it closely. Let me show you some of the comments from lawmakers who are taking aim at these. Harmaceutical companies for decades, Major Pharma Companies have misled the fda, doctors and patients about the. Sks of opioid dependency should they be responsible for paying for this . Aller im not sure thats question for me to answer personally, but it is true that for many years, for longtime doctors were essentially [no audio] host we apparently lost the call. We will try to reconnect with her. Susan brooks says big victory bill is a good step in the fight to address heroin in the opioid crisis. We were talking with sarah karlin smith. The call dropped and we will try to reconnect with her in a moment. Calls on thephone recordings, whether or not that is donald trump and whether you think that matters. Independent line, baltimore, good morning. Caller hi, this is bob. Host good morning, bob. Caller its amazing, the supposedly unbiased he span, suppose it journalists, looking for liars this morning. You are sitting there is washington, d. C. Workshopt the devils behind you there. What is that, the capital . You dont have to go too far to look for liars. You know, its funny, something that was in this man trumps world many years ago, something just doing with his own personal dealings here, going back and looking at making it into a big issue. The other one he would supposedly be running against . . He Hillary Clinton lady talk about lying. There is no talk about her line whose family was brutally murdered in a place called libya. We have done extensive segments on benghazi and the email controversy on this program. Asking thewhere question is openended. We want to hear from you, but there is no bias or agenda. This is a story that is out there. If you watch this program, on any given morning we will be focusing on issues and we want to listen in on an interesting discussion or conversation, but there is no agenda in doing this. Donald trump says its not him. We are taking him at his word and we are asking you whether it all whether it matters. Who puts it out there . You do. It was on the today show. You are right that there are other issues that are important, but on this particular day after the story broke on friday, its something that people are talking about over the weekend, so thats why were asking the question. Host most people are more concerned with important things. They are not concerned with what donald trump did in his personal affairs many years ago. No telling what was happening at the time with his business managings. Other people arent concerned with it. You have answered the question, saying it doesnt matter. Thats perfectly fine, were looking for that point of view as well. Caller yeah, it dont matter. Looking for liars. You are right there in the den of liars right there, where you are at. Bob, thank you. Keith, joining us on the democrats line. From mt. Berg, arkansas. Good morning. Caller let me apologize for that other fellow. Host no need to apologize. Caller yes sir. I dont think that donald trump is fit to be president anytime. But Bernie Sanders is. People have got the wrong opinion about Bernie Sanders. Hes going to raise taxes on anybody, but you will get something for it. And,ill get health care you know, all that stuff, you know . So thats good. I love cspan, i appreciate you. Thank you so much for taking my call. Thank you. Republican city, alabama. Caller thank you so much for cspan. You do a great job. Of course more than likely that was more than likely that was trump. Give me a break. Aybe hes embarrassed maybe he thinks hes doing so that they will twist it . I wish he had said what difference does it make . How about this is not getting. Ff track, talking about lies bill clinton lied to we the people during the monica scandal. He was a sitting president who should not have lied. Andhould have manned up said i did wrong, i beg your. Orgiveness, whatever the use until the blue dress he would have continued to lie to all of us, pointing that finger. Thats the real life. They are so different so desperate. Im embarrassed to say it. The republicans are just as bad. They are so desperate to try to find something about trump and this is it . My gosh. E, the people voted we didnt want ted cruz, we didnt want john kasich. It just so happens that we wanted trump. They are going to have to live with it. The way this country is now, look around you, we are almost 20 trillion in debt. America needs to wake up. Something is not working. We need a change. Hopefully its trump. If its not, theres always another election. But i truly hope that he can go through with a lot of what hes saying. Host thank you for the call. The Hillary Clinton campaign releasing this advertisement over the weekend. [video clip] quite see will not follow the example of the nominees from 76. Mitt romney saying it is disqualifying to refuse to release tax returns. Maybe i will do the tax returns when obama does his birth certificate. The state of hawaii released my official longform birth certificate. For decide to run for office, i will produce my tax returns, absolutely. I am officially running. You any closer to releasing her tax returns . About it. Hinking the audit is no excuse. I cant do it until the audit is finished. It is entirely your choice. Its none of your business. Host the latest data from the Clinton Campaign taking aim at donald trump. The tweet says Judicial Watch was on yesterday to talk about the Hillary Clinton emails. This saying steve, dont bother, you will get exhausted trying to justify everything that these trumps gum accuse you of. Good morning, byron. Caller the short answer is that the recordings dont matter to the people who are backing trump. They are a bunch of nuts. Raising cain about four deaths and ben ghazi, saying nothing about the marines and frenchman killed by reagan in lebanon. Outpost,bout the cia they called it an amnesty. It was a cia outpost in benghazi. Why do you think they wont testify in those hearings that they cannot testify openly about . Even the congressman knew what it was and what was going on. We were supplying weapons to people there in libya and syria. Reagan, they say that the democrats run up the debt. Reagan ran up the most debt of any president until his time. Im talking about everyone from washington to reagan. As far as cspan is concerned, your bias is showing. It has gotten so bad. To know what your nielsen rating is. I bet they went down by half in the last two years. Thats all i have to say. Host well, we dont take ratings, we cannot we dont use commercials, but we thank you for the phone call. Capitalism, how the markets are choking our economy and how to save it. Will the next president undo the iran deal . A photograph of the Iranian Foreign minister and secretary of state. Hillary clinton, how the white house could heal the rift with congress and the new anatomy of cancer. Thats the cover story of the magazine. Mes sunday we are rejoined by sarah. Sorry about that, plus the connection, good to hear from you again. About whereuickly congresses with the funding issue. To remind our audience, we were talking about the administrations concern where they arent supporting the bills without providing enough money to back it up. Caller the bills are going to go, with lots of similarities, the bills will be in the Conference Committee and advocates was the pressure them to add some money there. And probably very unlikely at this point the most likely place the money will come for the Opioid Epidemic will be to the normal appropriations process, where congress is right now making their way through the bills that would fund the government for fiscal year 2017. Most likely these bills are going to pass with very little if any new funding attached to them. Debate do types of you expect to see in the senate in the coming days . So, the big difference between the house bill in the senate bill has more emphasis on helping people currently struggling with the Opioid Epidemic . Thats probably the biggest thing they will have to deal with when they conference the bills. The house bills are more focused on education, prevention of future addiction. There is hope from a lot of the antiaddiction advocates that they will emphasize the senates role in directing some of the withams to help actually alex currently struggling, making doctors able to help more patients with medication treatments and other products. Right now doctors can only treat 100 patients with those drugs. People are hopeful that through the conference process they might raise that number. Host i wanted to go back to the other question, the tweet from a number of representatives, democrats and republicans criticizing pharmaceutical companies and the Health Care Industry for supplying oxycontin and other drugs related to opiates. Will they in any way join the debate . Should they bear any responsibility or additional funding that they could provide to deal with what has been a looming crisis, by all accounts . Caller i havent heard anything them to pay. There have been in the past. In the past they have paid a number of millions of dollars to the government for falsely marketing their treatments. In ways that they were not permitted to do. Whether that will translate into anything in this kind of legislation or effort other than putting them on the hunt for money, that doesnt seem to be the case, but there is a Big Education sort of crisis or gap that needs to be filled. Cdc the director of the said that for years doctors were being taught that these werent addictive drugs. That has influenced doctors prescribing practices over the years and helped create this epidemic. Now there is this big emphasis on retraining doctors about when it is appropriate to use these drugs to avoid future addiction. We will look for your reporting online. We appreciate it. Sorry for losing the connection earlier. Thank you so much. Caller thank you for having me. Coming up in just a moment we will turn our attention to the situation in north korea. Now that that session has ended we will have someone here to take your calls and comments. Later, robert cost the, National Political reporter from the post, this guessing donald trump and the ongoing fight on the democratic side between Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders. Our guest is rob bishop on newsmakers, he will be focusing on the debate over puerto rico and its looming fiscal crisis. Heres a portion of the conversation with the Newsmakers Program about how lawmakers are dealing in puerto rico. [video clip] they have tried to aid the territory. What is the status of the most recent version of this . Is this something that you think you can get past . All the versions are out there that people are referencing. Is alwaysental issue the same. There needs to be some way of providing security. Forcesill be oversight going down there to work with the government and come up with a plan so that they can get their financial house in order and they will be able to pay off their debts. They will then work with the creditors who by and large want the same puerto rico, they want to get their money back, so they will be able to come up with a plan. The board will have the ability to make sure that the plan is appeared to and they have followthrough. That give security to creditors that they can stay involved and have some read readjustments or restructuring of the debt. Of it will be voluntary and i think we can give financial order based on that. Im confident that it will work here. That basic concept of what we want to do has been agreed to by everyone who is a player. You have had opposition from several size. Creditors are concerned they will be a priority. Are concerned about pensions. In congress they are concerned about a couple of provisions involving lowering the minimum wage for younger workers. Compromises have you made to some of these people who are concerned about this bill . Do you think the your final version will be able to make it to congress . Wasvery discussion draft something of a compromise. The common bond is that the underlying assumption was that there would be no bailout. There wont be government money going down there. That everyone look at paid. Investors will be paid. All of those will eventually be made whole. Property rights respected. The constitution of puerto rico respected at the same time. All of those things have not changed. That will be the basis of whats going on now. As the house continues to debate funding issues were puerto rico, tune into the Newsmakers Program to get the perspective of representative bishop, a republican from utah in the chair of the House Natural Resources Committee spearheading that legislative effort. James pearson is the Deputy Director of the Wilson Center history and Public Policy program and an expert on north korea. Thank you for being with us this morning. The Party Congress has ended. The first one since 1980. What was the significance of this session . What does it mean for the current leader . Guest after a very rough 36 years, the death of two leaders, the collapse of the socialist isolation,lso had international sanctions, and famine ofifying several hundred thousand people perishing. Theyre are looking to Show Development in the economy and of course the ability to develop Nuclear Weapons. Host how is the economy functioning . Muddling along. Of course its rather subjective what constitutes success. As long as they can provide basic necessities, to them that is a success. Host lets go to the map a look at the location of north korea and its order with china. Does the leader there consider . Hina a close ally in how would you define that relationship . Guest this is an excellent question. Decades west seven can see that there is a profound parts chinatrust and north korea. We know this because we have gotten into the diplomatic archives of their former communist allies. You can see that throughout this time there have been moments where they felt the china was being overly interventionist. Chinesesee that the were not always respectful of the north korean sovereignty. They are very sensitive to this. You can see it in the conversations they have had with ther officials throughout world, communist and not communist, they are describing this over and over again and its to the point where today again there is this profound sense of mistrust towards beijing. From my reading, if we were to ask china to use its influence over north korea, asking them to do precisely what they most resent. To be sure there is leverage through their economic support and they have more access, but we only need to look at this in another perspective. Well need to consider how much influence this will have. There is the historical animosity and historical tension. Does theirh leverage economic support to north korea really provide . Lets look at the south korea relationship in the 50s and 60s. On us, butependent it didnt give us the ability to at will impose robert korea andnd south taiwan. There are limits to economic leverage when trying to influence the policies of a protege ally. This is a story from the leasesn. North korea unretouched photo of kim jongun. They very much want to control the images of the leaders, something we sought to the 60s, 70s, 80s. Guest absolutely. They have the monolithic ideological system, something that was highlighted a lot during the recent congress. This is something that goes back to the 1960s. Thats when it was introduced. The idea was to make the word of the sovereign, whichever is in power, absolute. So, all power is consolidated in the hands of the kim family. Its not unusual that they would release this unredacted picture of him. Clear what wetty saw, they are reinforcing the position of the kim family, showing that kim jongun is totally in control and that this is his era, simply putting his stamp on the system. Host explain what happened with his uncle and what was clearly an execution style murder of him. Guest absolutely. One thing, you have to go back decades to really understand the whole context of this. Right up to the introduction of this monolithic ideological system you had to book ending events. There was criticism within the party. There was still pluralism within the workers party. The grandfather of kim jongun. On the other side, you had other individuals with different backgrounds. Tolerantn was not so of different ideas. He perceived any idea that was different from his as a threat to his national security. In the 1950s, he dealt with this by purging these people and labeling them factionalism. Policies at stake, but the solution was to label them and purge them. When this happened a second time in 1967, and in both cases, the debate in the party was about economics. Happened the second 19661967, they were labeled and created the system to prevent, again to eliminate pluralism and prevent it from happening again. It mandated ideological. Purity. Unclehat we can see, the policies ofing the like those much incidences in the 1950s and 1960s. Counseling he was challenging he was economic reform. North korea would have controlled openings and eventually adopt a market economy. This challenged the imperatives regime, andun, the he eliminated him. And the mind of kim jongun, he had to be eliminated. He was perceived to be that great of a threat that even in isolation, he would have still because the uncle had established a network. Host his own uncle . Guest it is harsh. And it is unprecedented. He very quickly, how is guest there were these silly rumors about dogs. But my understanding is that he. As executed with a gun but i am not entirely certain. Host our phone lines are open for james person for the Wilson Center. Our phone lines are 2027488000. Also 2027488001. A messageso send us on facebook at facebook. Com cspan. Thisture does get picture gives you a sense of north korea and south korea and china at night and how desolate because of can be its lack of infrastructure. You look at this photograph, is it still relevant today . Guest one of the major focus of pledged thengress, restoration and the electoral grid. It is still relevant. There have been a number of efforts over the last few years to make some slight improvements. Trip, the electricity went out one time whereas my previous trip, it went on a number of times. , maybe onet outside inof light in that one the capital is relevant. When you do get to the countryside, it is desperately, desperately poor. You are often rely on generators for a few hours of electricity a day. Host lets go to bob from maryland. Good morning. Caller good morning. I am about to Say Something that will upset a lot of americans. North korea, it is what it is today because so many u. S. Policy. Up until world war ii when japan attacked pearl harbor and u. S. ,d a war with the korea was calling up to japan since 1910. The u. S. Did not care whether. Orea it was only when japan got more greedy and try to take over china is when the u. S. And the west started to put a sanction on japan that caused the war with japan. Ii,r that, after world war then also, the u. S. Did not care much about korea. They had japan. So they were content with that. , i mean korea, that was an afterthought. They were more than happy to divide it up into north and south. It gave the son a perfect opportunity to exploit the underion to try to unite their dictatorship, which he failed to do. Bob, thank you for the call. We will give our guests a chance to respond. Mr. Person . Disagree to some degree with much of what the caller suggested. Documentation that we are ,etting from various archives from u. S. Archives, korea archives etc. , dont support that entirely. Peninsula,n of the was to be a temporary measure. Expediencytter of that because you had already the soviet in forces advancing on the Korean Peninsula, u. S. Forces were not yet in the area could not prevent this that the soviet forces from occupying the entire peninsula. Had the proposal not been made to divide the peninsula temporarily at the 30th parallel. Unfortunately, what led to the , there was aision decision in you had this you that this soviet u. S. Joint commission on met fromn peninsula 46, 47. Was the soviet insistence to only consult those Political Parties operating in korea that of ad to the existence trusteeship over the korean thensula that really led to breakdown of the commissions work and the establishment of two flow rivalry regimes two rivalry regimes on the peninsula. According to a soviet proposal, the only party that could have an consulted and made part of this government, established process would have been the communist party. The u. S. Would not agree to this. They wanted to have a more inclusive process. It was this debate that led to a stalemate. Then the United Nations were called in to hold elections. They would not let the United Nations into the northern part of the peninsula and then you have establishment of two rival regimes. Notdocumentation does support, as the caller said, the u. S. Was more than happy to divide. There were strong debate. Guaranteeas trying to you had representation from numerous sides, where as the aviets were pushing for communist government over the entire peninsula by excluding all parties, other than the communist party. Host originally from erie, pennsylvania. Our guest earned his doctorate and spent a number of much studying in north korea while stationed in seoul, south korea. Guest i spent a month in north korea totaled over two trips. Probably traveled around the country quite a bit. When you are an historian, you they do not ask too many questions. So you get to travel around the things that you probably wouldnt. Host you can see his work online at the wilsoncenter. Org. If you are0 democrat. 2027488001 if you are a republican. And for independents, 2027488002. On the line for democrats. Good morning. Caller good morning, gentlemen. I served in south korea north of in 1964 andallel 1965. Korea wasme, south kind of slow. As i understand now, they are becoming very uptodate, wealthy, they have manufacturing going on, electronics and stuff. It is interesting to see the difference in north and south communism was imposed. Capitalism at work. The judgment from maryland saying the u. S. Did not with allt is an insult the blood that was shed and money spent sitting in south koreato stop the north coming down. I was in the direct route north north to south that we would take it there was a speed bump. Doubt the difference of north and south korea is like daylight and dark. I thank you gentlemen for bringing this to light. Host thank you from the call, another look at that nasa photograph. You for your service and you are absolutely right. From theuth korea, time of the year 1964, 1965 has come a long way. Leader ofrs after the the latem 1961 through 1970s, just a few years after he came into power, this was the father of the current president s of south korea. Policies the war. Y from the korean in andsident came focused on Economic Development with the tremendous support of the United States. In the 1950s and 1960s, there was a book dependence on u. S. Aid. Another indication of that commitment you pointed out. In addition to stationing troops on the Korean Peninsula and being that front line, the speed bump as you pointed out, if north korea were to invade. 1960s,rom the late that the south korean economy caught up and been surpassed that of north korea. Host lets go to charles entries port, louisiana. Good morning. Taking myank you for call. I was with the marine corps in 1950s. To seoul,l the way korea. There, we had been returned down and would go aboard the ship and make the return back to japan, but we were going to north korea. We went to the reservoir and i got frostbitten while i was up there, and that is the reason i got flown out with a medical discharge. Here is my situation. We would have had korea north and south without the chinese interference if we had stopped at the 30th parallel as we had intended. Was akorea was very, very, very desolate place. It would take them years to achieve much. But i think the chinese were on their side. If it had not been for harry truman, we would have no idea what would have happened. I just wanted to make a comment. You to you and those who have served. James person . Interestingis an take and counterfactual. We dont know how it would have turned out, but the chinese government, which you have put this in perspective. 1949s only in october of that the Chinese Communist Party Declared victory in the civil war. Later, less than a year later, the korean war broke out. They were consolidating power. There were areas within the borders of china today that had not yet been brought under control. There were certainly insecurity and they were quite uncomfortable with this going on on their border. Host a related piece on newsweek. Com. Jongunack obama, kim wants to talk. Muscle the recent flexing with regard to north korea and its nuclear program, when asked to state current u. S. Policies, indicating that the president is still prepared to begin a dialogue with north korea. Lets go to jim on the republican line from erie, pennsylvania. Good morning, jim. Caller good morning. The question is in light of south koreas recent cuts to its defense, my understanding is they have almost eliminated one of their tears of the reserve system. Of a lot in a light different pressures, the south oura need more than may be logistical forces and the annual military exercises, do they really need deployed combat forces in south korea . A country thate can afford to do more for its own defense. The second part of my question, does the north korean army possessed logistical capability to convey the south . I will hang up and listen to your spots. Thank you. Host thank you. Two key points. Guest thank you. I am not entirely following the recent defense cuts to the military budget. It ahink a lot of lot of the rationale behind our continued deployments in the peninsula is to guarantee, or to tohat we are a demonstrate the commitment to the security of the region, not of the korean people, but also other countries in the region. For that, i would say our critical. Is as for the second question, this one is interesting. The North Koreans in 2013 one want an equal emphasis policy and calls for the Simultaneous Development of their Nuclear Forces and the consumer economy. Industry consumer goods. One of the side effects is this is that you have seen the hauling out of the conventional military. They have invested so much in toir nuclear and technology the point where you really dont have an intermediate here. The conventional forces have essentially become construction brigades. They are responsible for a lot of the construction, the new apartment buildings, the prestige projects, such as dolphin aquariums and water parts you are seeing images of, ski resorts. So, the military has been hollowed out. Artillery, and no intermediate gear nuclear ifpons, which of course, is is of major concern because the risk of miscalculation. But, i would say that they really do not have the capability to launch an attack on south korea today. Credibilityating through presence is one of the main reasons why we are still on the peninsula today. That is credibility to the r. O. K. Interregional allies. Last thing we want is for is to be seen as less than a credible ally. We have seen how that has resulted in the past years, especially with the r. O. K. There have been efforts with south korea and very as times has questioned our credibility. Example, the weapons program, they were not sure if they could count on the credibility of the u. S. Started pulling out troops from the Korean Peninsula. Host i want to remind audiences, just a couple of minutes with our guest, james person, the emeritus director of the Wilson Center. Robert from North Carolina is joining us. Are you with us . Caller can you hear me . Host we sure can. Caller i was also in the korean war in be26. Want to refer to the lights i think it was april 1953, they exchanged sick and wounded prisoners. There was a huge searchlight. Up until then, any kind of light , we bombed it. There was a string of car traffic coming from north korea. We could not touch it because they were prisoners of war. You, sir, is on a scale of 110, what would you the possibility of us having to go back to war . I think you answered it previously. Have another were with north korea . 1 being likely and 10 being very likely . Thank you, sir. Think that waro is not likely. I am hesitant to put a number on it. There is this impression that the north korean leaders are irrational and unpredictable. There is a clear logic at work and her actions. Going backthis decades. They engage in provocative ,ctions because they understand they know the responses are going to get from the United States. Often times, it is to get to sit down and negotiate. Back decades. It goes back to, in many ways, one of our first post korean war interactions with them was in 1968 when he seized the u. S. Ship, the pueblo, international which was operating in international waters. The North Koreans expected us to retreat militarily and attack major cities. You can see from the diplomatic communistour former allies, there were preparations in north korea for this attack. For example, they were evacuating nonessential personnel from embassies and building fortifications, and evacuating some of the civilian populations. Not only did we not retaliate, but we sat down and negotiated with them for 11 months. Essentially, gave them what they had requested, which was an admission of having hostile intentions for the regime. Can see how theyre thinking developed over the years through the diplomatic record of their format former communist allies. S, they try to reach out to the United States. We largely ignored them. There were good reasons to ignore some of the proposals, for nearly two decades, they reached out and tried through various channels, through other communist countries, noncommunist countries, through individuals with ties to washington. Largely ignored them. This reinforced the idea that if you want to get the intention of United States, you have to engage in provocative actions. Not only will we not retaliate, we will sit down and talk. You can see the evolution of their thinking. The rush and records the russian records, they are sitting down and saying, you should consider giving up the nuclear program. The North Koreans saying, thanks, but, really this is none of your business. We are using this as leverage on the United States, and that is what it was. That was what the Nuclear Weapons program was through kim jongun. There was in a logic guiding their provocative actions. We need to have a better understanding of how they operate. Areto understand how they Good Students of our responses. The study is very carefully and know how we have responded in the past. They are very good on their history. And how we will likely respond in the future. Int an interesting story the Washington Post, referring to the gentrification and rich in north korea. Jean is the last call from jackson, michigan. Good morning with james person of the Wilson Center. Caller yes. I think the korean problem started after world war ii when the u. S. Divided korea and korea in italian nation for the russians dividing east germany. At the end of the korean war, leaderwer gave up to the gave the northey koreans anything they wanted to get out of it. They wanted to ended that they wanted to end it the quickest way possible. Host thank you, jane. Guest certainly cold were politics were at play on the Korean Peninsula. I talkedk it was to some of the conditions that led to the establishment of two regimes on the Korean Peninsula. I dont think it was in retaliation for pub dividing germany. Host quick follow up because the president will be departing saturday for poppy at nominal will also travel to japan and will visit hiroshima. How will north korea play into this discussion throughout asia . Guest i think north korea is a concern throughout the region. He could reassure neighboring countries that the u. S. Is committed to security. That is the biggest concern that the u. S. Providing reassurance is the best thing he could do. Host and is kim jongun firmly in control right now . Guest after this congress, yes. He put his stamp on the regime. This is the kim jongun era in north korea. Host james person from the Wilson Center. Thank you for being with us. We are going to turn our attention to politics. Senator Bernie Sanders and Hillary Clinton robinson costa from the Washington Post will be here. Big will talk about the meeting between House Speaker paul ryan and donald trump. Glass, the director emeritus of the National Museum of American History. Pretty want to visit . You are watching and listening to cspan prostate washington journal. Cspans washington journal. We are back in a moment. Monday on the communicators, while visiting a Technology Fred uptonoke with from michigan, chair of the energy and Commerce Committee and bill shuster from pennsylvania. We interviewed innovators from about new company technology, spectrum issues, and the upcoming spectrum auction. Communications, job creation, we are working on a major bill, legislation we have already passed but we are going to see the scc up more spectrums which can enable these devices to be built. ,utting in the legislation taking a look at how you build the road future. Need for your technology to be working even better . Generation,first our focus has been on making your device as useful as possible in a way that lets you keep your hands on the wheel and eyes on the road. For us, that has always been voice technology. There is more spectrum for unlicensed use. We are working with our colleagues at mti a, at the department of transportation and the fcc. Watch monday night on cspan2. Madam secretary, we probably give 72 of our delegate base to the next president of the United States. Washington journal continues. We want to welcome robert costa, National Political reporter for the Washington Post. Thank you for being with us. Lets talk about the primary in kentucky. This headline of things to look for in tuesdays primary, and Hillary Clinton will find out just how many friends she has in the bluegrass state. There havent been a lot of polls. A survey showed Hillary Clinton i but a lot has changed. Guest senator sanders continues to run a movement candidacy and regardless of the calls for Democratic Unity to try to end this protracted primary, you see senator sanders supporters and senator sanders himself really willing to continue to engage in the primary and not only in kentucky, but i had to california, there is a sense that the battle for the soul of the Democratic Party, this push to the left continues. What is most striking is that even though he does take shots at secretary clinton about her speaking fees, her ties to wall street, this is not a deeply personal campaign. It doesnt have the animus we had between senator obama and secretary clinton. This is an Ideological Campaign and he has been saying over the weekend, by the way both candidates are comparing campaigning in kentucky, he said he had 51 of the pledged delegates that he should be the nominee. They have been looking at the map. To they think they can pull this off . Guest it is going to be a difficult path but they have an argument to make. Hey are making a populist case because the democratic system is so dominated by the superdelegates, there has been an acceptance that she would likely be the nominee. But sanders, in the way i always think about George Mcgovern in 1972 really challenging that im a commanding challenging the nominating process, you see sanders talking about the pledged delegates. It is not about those Party Leaders and the party brass. They described it as the tangled web between bill clinton , Hillary Clinton, their personal lives, the clinton foundation, money that might have gone to friends of the Clinton Family, and also the Ongoing Investigation by the fbi and Hillary Clintons emails, and of course there are questions about benghazi. Aest kentuckys primary is prime example of how the Clinton Family legacy, which usually has been such a boost, that was always bill clintons heart. Now it is not so much a political factor. You dont see the clinton legacy from the 90s being an overwhelming force in changing the minds of democratic voters in 2016 and it is because of the way president clinton isnt connecting with all of these audiences. Sometimes you watch a shaky reception on the campaign trail. The constant headlines about different clinton issues and controversies has made it not so much an embrace from the Democratic Party that in a lot of these states like kentucky has for decades warmly embraced the clintons. Host a meeting between donald trump and Speaker Paul Ryan he also met with other Senate Republicans where does that put the speaker . Guest the speaker is a Movement Conservative and he remains that. He is trying to be the head of the conservative movement so he moves forward trying to grapple with both of those poles of the right. T this composition conversation leaves him in his opposition because he knows a lot of members want to rally to trump. At the same time, he does fear that the future of the Republican Party could be at stake if you have a nominee who totally discards conservative principles in how they are usually thought of, who discards the way ryan thinks about fiscal cuts, trade, he is a hawk on Foreign Policy. You see in ryan a containment strategy. He is trying to broker peace and contain him so he doesnt large the party too much to a populist direction. Host the gop effort to derail donald trump, time is running out but mitt romney and bill to get behind an effort somebody to challenge donald trump on the right. Name some names you are hearing. Thet to find out who on right is talking about this, it is mostly a ragtag band of consultants, conservative access conservative activists, and mitt romney. He is reaching out to key players who he thinks could have crossover appeal. John kasich was the most surprising name. Romney has made personal overtures asking him if he has any interest in mounting an independent. We also hear that romney and others have reached outcome reached outcome pedal reach out repeatedly. Some other surprising names, beenor coburn, he has having some outreach from military figures, bill kristol especially has reached out to jim mattis, and there have been some celebrities like mark cuban. Mark cuban had a great email exchange with the Washington Post. Host let me go back to what speaker ryan said. Guest after the meeting took place at the headquarters saying it was a cordial meeting but not yet ready to endorse him. Unifying thef Republican Party, which just finished primary about a week ago, perhaps one of the most divisive primaries in memory, takes some time. There are people for donald trump, ted cruz, john kasich, marco rubio, and everybody else. It is very important that we dont fake unifying, that we truly and actually unify so that we are at full strength in the fall. I dont want a fake unification process. I want to make sure we understand each other and that we are committed to the conservative principles that make the Republican Party that built this country. I am very encouraged. I have heard a lot of good things from our presumptive nominee and we have exchanged weveof opinion exchanged differences of opinion. Plenty of republicans disagree on corey disputes but principles, those are the things we discuss. Robert costa, you can almost hear two people talking into paul ryans ear, mitt romney who he ran within 2012 calling donald trump a phony and Reince Priebus saying we need to unite this party. Guest ryan was sent into the speakership very quickly following John Boehners resignation and he doesnt have a wide circle of advisers in terms of political advisers but he has a lot of mentors who intellectually have guided him. Jack cap jack kemp, bill he is more of a trump inclined conservative and he has been talking to ryan saying you have to recognize the past with the republican base. Then you have dance scene or , he is part of the story today looking for an independent candidate. Mitt romney looking for an independent candidate. Ryan is not only trying to juggle his conference with trump but his inner circle. Interesting as a political figure is unlike Speaker Boehner or hester, this is a republican that came up through the servant of through the conservative side of the party, who jumped into the chair because it was necessary at the time. Host we will get to your calls in just a moment. You can send us a tweet at cspan wj. The Washington Post breaking the story about the recordings in 1991. We asked whether or not they are relevant. Is it Donald Trumps voice . He says no. Guest donald trump does say it is not his voice, the Washington Post believes it is his voice, people who knew trump at the time are sure it is his voice, but he denies that. As you look at trump right now, he is the presumptive nominee. Everyone is trying to find out more. He is a phenomenon. As the Washington Post continues reporting, there is still many unknowns out there. Who is this person that may be in the white house . The recording is fascinating because it tells us not just about his willingness to perhaps act as his own spokesman, what is more interesting to me is that this is how someone navigated the tabloids, the public sphere of a celebrity in the 80s and 90s and it really shows trump trying to craft a persona, to craft a brand on his own. This is something we have been seeing in this campaign. How he uses the press, the ability to come up with a line that will create headlines or a diversion on a story. He is a figure who knows how to use those things in publicity in a way most politicians do not. Host your colleagues were on the phone with him on friday, part of a lengthy conversation about his finance is, and into the conversation, your columnist asked him whether or not he was john miller. The phone went dead. What happened . Guest i was nearby the call as it unfolded. This is typical donald trump. Donald likes to talk to reporters. He believes he can be his own spokesman regardless of whether he is john miller or donald trump but we have seen it in his campaign. Donald trump likes to create the narrative around him as much as possible so he takes more calls than some of these detailed questions like finance, where most politicians would send a lawyer. But he also has a flair for the dramatic and when he hung up, it is because he wanted to talk about his business and he didnt want to talk about john miller. Host you will be in new york tomorrow to sit down with donald trump . Guest we hope to have time with him on monday at trump tower. What i am curious about is the general election. This is someone who has been the primary for months. How is he going to win over the country . Host our guest is robert costa. We will go to munro georgia, mike, independent line. How are you doing this morning . Earlier, you said you werent running for president , but if you were, id vote for you. [laughter] youd be a lot better than what we had to pick from this year. Questions for you this hillary uses the phrase about her emails, and i forget the term, my 60 years are catching up with me, but director komi said he had never heard that term before. I was wondering why somebody doesnt push her on that and try to pin her down on where to that phrase come from . Number two, are you one of the 20 members of the Washington Post that put out the hit job on donald trump . Not a hit jobs about donald trump going on at the Washington Post however there is a book project. I am not part of the book project but there is a book delving into his biographical story and Donald Trumps career in political views. That is a product that is ongoing and the Washington Post editor is head of that project. On hillarys emails, secretary clintons emails, we see this is something lingering over her campaign ahead of the kentucky primary. It is not at the floor of her decisionmaking but it is at the floor about how a lot of democrats think about the general election because the unpredictability of the issue, the indecision at the moment on the fbi side of things, has made some people on the left nervous about what could come. And komi, the fbi director, he says the issue is ongoing. This unresolved nature of the question just really puts a big . In this general election campaign. Host Michael Lang Weiser saying the media is trying to use trump in a different way than the Political Class does. And this from one of our regular tweeters. Trump will need a spokesperson. From rust texas, good morning to you. Caller good morning. I enjoy your show. I have two concerns. I understand that we have congressional and Senate Republicans thinking about running a third party against trump. 1992 witheen tried in ross perot. It got a democrat elected and that is what is concerning me. If we run a third party, we may ended up we may end up getting hillary. The second thing is this inquiry that hillary is talking about is an investigation. The fbi does investigations, not inquiries. I have i am concerned. What is in the works is hillary left, about how it is silly, she is not going to be indicted. Is there a president ial pardon in the works to exempt her from these investigations before she gets in office . Is that possible . Any sense ofhave when the fbi and the Justice Department will make a decision on whether or not they will indict her . Guest i do not. Reporting this is difficult because the fbi is a lot like the supreme court. There is only so far you can go. There has been some great reporting on both institutions but my point as a reporter is when these are ongoing, it is not a normal reporting process. We have heard a lot of speculation, we have seen different reports and different outlets, but i cant tell you what the fbi is going to do. They have been pretty quiet about it. Host and the colors point about Hillary Clintons lies . From his standpoint . Talked about a president ial pardon and i have not heard that is in the works. The administration has a warm relationship with secretary clinton and they are certainly ready to support whoever wins the nomination, but this idea of a pardon, my reporting does not bear that out. Host how can it be pardon if you are not convicted . How was the lunch on thursday . Guest does everyone know the back story of this . Dana milbank said he would eat comb if eat his donald trump won the nomination. This whole watching week as he has been trying to take the actual newsprint and he has been trying to take it at the Washington Post kitchen. He has done all these different dishes and on friday night, i was leaving and there was nothing left and that was such a great image. There was one bottle of trump wine that was sitting there opened. Thats the image that represents the election. On the Washington Post website, if you want to see dana milbank eat his column that he wrote. His headline today i ate my words about trunk about trump , but electing him would be a recipe for ruin. A caller from kentucky. If i go toeel like vote, i will be voting for bernie. Not because i think he is wonderful but it will be a vote against hillary. Host do you remember if you voted in 2008 . Caller i did not. Host do you have a question for robert costa . Caller it is more of a comment that question. I dont understand why romney and the other republicans are stirring the pot. They shouldme like get behind the peoples choice in the Republican Party because it is trump, apparently. They are doing everything they can do. Guest they are exasperated. That is the thing i kept coming across in my reporting. This is a group of republicans and conservatives, they cant stand that this political interloper, this alien air outsider who doesnt share their , who is easily moved on issues, they cannot stand that he is going to be the republican nominee. They think because of the statements that he has made, incendiary statements related to women, race, they called it the moral line they are not willing to cross. They also dont want to vote for secretary clinton, so at this late hour, they are looking for an independent candidate. But they keep making all these calls and nobody wants to take the Political Risk to get in a race where you could easily be blamed for giving the white house to secretary clinton by damaging trump and his ability to get electoral votes. It is also hard to get on the ballot. Texass deadline has already passed and many others are coming up in june. The time is difficult and the clock is ticking. Mike murphy, longtime republican strategist, he told us because it is very expensive and time is short, what they are looking at now it sounds like a fantasy, this is probably not a realistic isnario, one strategy play a few states strategically like ohio, new hampshire, and go to a place that has swing state senate races so you can get moderate republicans who may sit home. If you get those out you can stop from from winning those states and help those senators win reelection. Is, if you had a few states out there with independent candidates, you would certainly stop trump. Your competitors focusing on megyn kelly interviewing this interview she conducted with donald trump. Contract set to expire at next year, primed for the big show. Fox has released expert released excerpts from the interview. Was that real or was that strategy . I am a real person. I dont say i am angry tonight but tomorrow you are my best friend. This theory that could happen again with us, it could be, even doing this particular interview, i have Great Respect for you that you are able to call me. For me, i would not have done that. I dont say that as a positive. I think it is a negative for me. We didnt have i wouldve done it. I think the doorman are still recovering. I think the building is recovering. Host that is a very different demeanor for donald trump. Guest that trump is the trump i have often encountered covering him and when the camera is off, he is the same trump. He has the same manner of speaking but he doesnt have the brawler persona. He doesnt have the pug nations attitude we see at these rallies that have defined the 2016 campaign. I think back to 2015 when i started covering him closely, nobody thought he was running for president. That donaldize trump that was very aware of the dynamic, socially and politically, that this political figure was probably likely to run for president and was doing things behind the scenes in a very even way and that struck me as something to watch and it meant to me that he may be more serious than people think. Host another viewer saying the republican establishment is out of touch with the people and their anger. Laura has this, your comment about dana milbanks, almost as good of a show man as donald trump . In schaumburg, illinois, brian independent line. Caller i think the whole trump phenomenon really exposes three things. Our political process is rather embarrassing. The absolute poor quality of Television Journalism donald trump acts like an adolescent bully. Every time he burps, the people talk about him for 10 hours and we will get 10 minutes about Hillary Clintons fbi investigation. It is completely out of control. It also demonstrates the absolute corrupt and poor quality of both of our major Political Parties. If the republicans are just because ofumble donald trump, the adolescent bully, and then we have the absolutely corrupt emma kratz putting forward a candidate who is a proven liar, who has been investigated by the fbi for information, her husband is a proven liar, nobody wants to talk about the Clinton Global Initiative and its big mess. Instead we get the latest utterance of donald trump. On and on and on and on. Quite a number of points you brought up there, just to take a knock at a few of them, on the point about corruption in the parties, you could frame it like that but i think on the republican side i dont see it as corruption. It there has been a collapse of the institutional power of the Republican Party. It has created a vacuum, whether it is the fracturing on the hast, but the party itself imploded and it has created the ability for someone from the out side like donald trump to emerge and take the nomination in a year of unrest, not just in the economy but within the Republican Party. I am not a media credit and i think your use of the word utterance is a good one because trump has found a way to change the new cycle. I call it moment by moment. The media has often become, especially with television and social media coverage, moment by moment. , whog someone like trump comes out of the tabloid culture new york, being on that new front page andhe becoming a reality tv star with the apprentice on nbc, this is someone who has an ability and recognition of the power of the arguments. Host one of our viewers says, my favorite is breaking news, trump plane has landed in wherever. At me go back to reporting of potential thirdparty bid. You say the gop commissioners are positioning private polling, aligning up funding and according potential contenders, realizing that it is getting late and this has ramped up has theump effectively republican nomination. What are the chances of a thirdparty candidate . Guest i think the chances are growing, but they remain pretty distant chances. Ohio you mentioned governor kasich. He signed a pledge saying he would support the nominee, thinking donald trump would be the thirdparty candidate. Guest a lot of people walked away from that pledge. It is a pledge, not the legal documents. The party itself cannot require anything of these candidates. I think kasich talked to his people and they went on the record and said, he is not interested, but he will be on and the is not given an interview since he got out of the race, so we will see what he says. Host john joins us from south carolina. Good morning. Caller good morning. I had a statement and question. My statement is that i believe the staff of Bernie Sanders has a lot of money to make continuing on with his bid for the nomination. Bernie has changed since the beginning of all of this. My question to you is i have not heard you guys or any of the if bernie talk about took all of his resources and all of the following that he has and started to help democratic contenders from the senate. He could greatly and possibly retake the senate with his help and the enthusiasm of his people, and that would give them the ability to challenge Chuck Schumer for the Senate Majority leader spot, and with him and Hillary Clinton in as president , they could get huge amounts of his agenda done. None of you guys have even brought up that possibility. I am wondering if you would address that for me, sir, and i do enjoy you and i think youre great reporter. Host thank you. Guest it sounds that you are top strategist a run for their money. I have never heard that senator sanders is anyone who has shown ambition to be in leadership for toate and could be angling challenge Chuck Schumer ask harry reid steps down. I think the question about how isders utilizes his network an intriguing one decays he is currently engaged in a primary and no one expects him to put his money elsewhere, but this is someone who came to the Democratic Party rate. He was an independent in the senate and house for years. Lose the nomination or if he sits on the sideline or utilizes his network of small dollar donors, is it for Hillary Clinton . Iit is a great question. Host if you look at the schedule, bill and Chelsea Clinton spending a lot of time in california for the last primary on june 7. How critical is that . Critical is a hard word because when you look at the superdelegates, it looks like secretary clinton is going to be the democratic nominee. When it comes to pledged delegates, there is a case Bernie Sanders may say that Bernie Sanders is the one moving closer to winning california. Many of these liberal hotbeds in california are also sanders hotbeds and i think he could do well in california. What yous a reporter, have to ask yourself is, should sander when california, what should sanders when california should sanders win california, what does that mean . Reagan that this [indiscernible] my point is politically, a victory in california would be a crucial step for sanders to relate assert himself as a major. Igure in the Democratic Party he has proven he deserves a seat at the table, if not on the ticket in some other way at the convention. Host and he still has the money to compete in california. Guest he does. He has the network i naturally to go on the air and all of these Television Networks and markets in california but he also has grassroots activists working in california right now. , graduate ofcosta notre dame and earned his masters from university of cambridge in england. Time reporting on Hillary Clinton, her new plan to trump trump by not being boring. Guest she looks at the general election and you can tell by the way she poses in some of trumps statements, that there are the philadelphia suburbs and other moderate enclaves in the country that even if they are inclined to be republican on foreignpolicy issues, there is a concern about trumps temperament. By being boring for not doing the daytoday fights with trump, she may be appealing to those republicans and those moderates who are weary of trump. At the same time, it could be smart politics in the sense that she has rarely in her career as a candidate that with anger from the right as first lady, but as a political figure, she has really dealt with daytoday political combat with the figure like donald trump, who is relentless. Say what you want about politics, he is a relentless person. For a safer strategy than getting bloodied up. Host i am trying to think the last time we had to party nominees. If Hillary Clinton is the nominee, and she still has to earn that, but they were still from the same power base in new york city. Guest it is great. I hope to stop by in new york to see Hillary Clinton advisers new york people. New york is the center of the world. As a philly guy who lives in washington, you dont want to give them that title ii much, but they do deserve it politically this year. Host lets go to becky in maine. Good morning with robert costa. Go ahead. Go nationals. Guest that is right. Caller good morning. I am surprised the psychologists have not sent a serious profile on trump hurried i am nominating joshua chavez, the republican from utah. Thank you. Host thank you. Guest she probably met jason chases. Trump,chiatry of donald that is something i try to leave alone and stick to the facts. Host one of the newest ads from Hillary Clinton campaign. [video clip] donald trump i am unifier. He is a con artist. Phony. He is a know nothing candidate. Donald is a bully. This is an individual who mocked the disabled reported. Did a reporters questions to the menstrual cycle. The most focal person ever. The most volcker person ever. A man who only feels big he makes other people feel small. Best sign of deep insecurity and weakness, bullying, greed, showing off. The misogyny, the absurd thirdgrade the optics. Count to 10, donald. He is a narcissist at the level i dont think this country has ever seen. He would not be the commanderinchief we need to keep our country safe. This guy so unfit to be commanderinchief. Wouldthe must of policies lead to recession. His foreign policies would make the world and america less safe. I bring people together. Everybody loves me. He has he needs therapy. The latest in the series of ads fight the Clinton Campaign. This morning, sheldon a builtin says it is time to bet on a horse. Despite Donald Trumps flair and style, he is the type of leadership we need now more than ever. Guest that democratic ad is telling because this is what we will see in the advertisements from secretary clinton and her super pacs for the next months. Ist is that donald trump absurd, he does not have the Republican Party behind him and then we have headlines like we saw in the new york times, that they are getting behind trump and he see many people in recent weeks that show people quite quickly moving to back donald trump and you see this on capitol hill as well with Senate Members and they are ready to back him and move on in this time mary. I think trump will have to deal with both of these things. He is winning over the party quicker than he might have imagined, but it is not exactly an enthusiastic embrace. They will have to fend off these democratic ads. There is enough money on the democratic side to do this in the most every state and put the messages out there. Host the right this morning about the electorate map for republicans, but first, georgia. Good morning. Caller good morning. How are you doing . Host fine, thank you. Caller president obama said it clearly, that this is not a reality show. This job, being the president of the United States is serious. That is what i cannot understand why people are backing donald trump. Talk about lying and lying and this is one question i want to ask the young man. Talking about lying, what about bush, cheney, Condoleezza Rice and all those people that lied about the war . Even donald trump himself said that they lied about weapons of mass distraction. How come they did not bring bush, cheney and all the other doing like they are ambassador clinton . Secretary clinton, sorry. Host we will get the response. Guest donald trump is talking about be militaristic and having a strong military, but when it comes to advocating for troops abroad, trump is not a traditional republican. I think his candidacy and grassroots with many , is partly in response to lingering frustration with george w. Bush and dick cheney and the way they handled intervention in iraq in the middle east. There is a sense that that tilted the Republican Party and it does not sit well as much as to end trump has seized on that, not just on trade and immigration, but foreign policies, trump has used foreign and they have used the innate hawkishness to their advantage. Host a tweet from michael that says, yesterday, a psychiatrist. Alking about trump wouldnt surprise me if they were planning a special on it. Another saying, i am loving this yes. Is knowledgeable and has a sense of humor. Guest you have to have a sense of humor this year. Host your colleague has a column today and it says wins no matter the political forecast. He breaks down the forecast looking at the state that democrats and republicans typically win, but he points out that it may be different in november 2016. He says it is not coclimb. Guest it is going to be challenging for donald trump, but there are signs that they are preparing in a different way for trump general election. My colleague, another person who sits near me at the post, came out with a big story this week that says clintons allies are moving resources to the upper and to states that have been traditionally democratic and blue states. Because there is a sense that trump, and in this age of unrest and knowing that the economy and some of these close Industrial Estates could be looking for something new, the democrats want to be prepared for trumps unpredictability. Map are right that the remains difficult for donald trump and republicans. This is a fastchanging country that is becoming more diverse by the month, and republicans are having a hard time figuring out where they could fit, especially with the rise of the hispanic electorate in the country and with republicans and the rhetoric on immigration are wary about whether they can do well in states like arizona were others in the region, but trump, with his lack of rightwing zeal on these issues of Foreign Policy and economic policy, needs to be at the center of the populace and democrats are paying attention. Host lets go to great great in pennsylvania. Good morning. You are calling on the republican mind, sorry, greg. Caller thank you. I am on the continual basis of the huge sums being plowed into the campaign. Therestion is this is a huge hole of federal money that usually goes into these elections consistent with what the individual candidates raise for the purpose . I have not heard anything about this. What is the status of all of these federal funds that i have learned to understand go into the campaigns, consistent with what the candidates raise. Could you shed light on if they are withholding these funds because of huge interest from outside parties . Or is it defunct as a function or what . Host gregory, thank you. Guest there are some federal thes that are flowing into campaign, but they mostly do it Convention Planning and the transition projects for each campaign. I think the core of your question is about Public Financing in president ial campaigns. If you want to have funds in a general election, you have that ability. There is a part of the budget that is allocated for president ial campaigns, but you have to choose to accept that money as a choice. If you choose to accept that money, you have to agree to certain terms about how much money will raise. In this age of Citizens United and super pac that we had seen from democrats and an unwillingness to take public money, at least in terms of secretary clinton, donald trump recently said that he is not looking to take public funds, and that is because they dont want to have the task, kind of money they can raise wholesale, but there are public finances available. It seems like most campaigns, since president obamas run when he decided not to take public funds, have not relied on super pacs. Host one viewer said the Washington Post needs to investigate the term foundation, calling it corrupts. In part, that may be one of the issues surrounding his tax returns from your colleague glenn kessler, saying that trump claims there is nothing to learn from his tax returns, yet, repeat past statements that he would release them. Guest on the question about the trump foundation, i recommend anyone out there to go read the writing of david baron fold and tash and rod. Gren their articles are easily accessible on the internet. On the question of the tax returns, this is one of the most murky parts of the Trump Campaign. He said to george stephanopoulos, it is none of your business. Reporting, there are some tax rates for real estate becausethat are low they find different ways to navigate the tax code. The audit that trump mentions, there are very few details about the audit. We have seen nothing about what kind of money the federal government may expect trump to hear thate expect to there is an audit on going. Status of place i would like to go and find out the answer. What is this audit about . How long is it going on and how much is the government contesting for mr. Trump . Who isyras commissioner on newsmakers earlier said there was nothing that would prevent them from releasing his returns. You can watch that interview on www. Cspan. Org. June in florida, independent line. Good morning. Caller good morning. I enjoyed this program very much. The gentleman on now is one of the ones that are not on either side and are telling the truth and trying to be neutral with everybody. I appreciate that. I do have a question or him, why dont they bring up hillary as much as they do trump . For thisone so much country, her and obama, that is not right. I would like to know why the media and the papers do not bring up things that she has done . That happened between her husband as president and other women at the white house, i do not think they are being very truthful and open with that side of the democrats. You taking my call and listening to me. You all have a good and blessed day. Thank you. Host thank you. Not the media critic and i understand and have experienced this throughout the campaign. Why is there so much coverage of trump. Both candidates unless 37th finances andir andtics but candidates the use of finances and politics could be more balanced, but trump is not only on the National Scene but the political scene, so theyre trying to get their hands around this new phenomenon and figure out what who is thist and person. With secretary clinton, who deserves just as much scrutiny as donald trump, there is a sense that she has been vetted and reported on. We will continue to look for those as well. Host lets go to marion from south carolina. Good morning. Caller good morning. I appreciate the show this morning. A couple of things i would like to say. Your guest is pretty fair. I have got to give him credit for that. Guest thank you. Host go ahead. Caller i think what we are theetting is and was clintons that balanced the budget. There has got to be something pretty great about hillary because they really tried everything they could to distort her, but i think that we need to realize that when it was great is when clinton and everybody was working, the budget was balanced. George bush went in there and squandered that money away. Were wasting time about garbage on emails and stuff and lets grab this window while we have got it. There are not many golden opportunities like this area much with Hillary Clinton. Host thank you. 1990syou break up the and the glow that it has for many voters because of the clintons presidency, because of the way the economy during his time as president. Hillary clinton could take credit for sure, but one thing that is interesting that i picked up in a notebook the other day, the former House Speaker Newt Gingrich is part of the conversation in trump tower and the trump circle as a possible Vice President ial candidate. Part of the reason for that is republicans do not want the clintons to be able to take all the credit for the 1990s. The clintons will look back to the 90s 1990s and they will try to take credit for some of that nostalgia and if Newt Gingrich was not on the ticket, it would be part of the Trump Campaign in the big way. Host will Hillary Clinton be forced to release the transcripts that she gave to Morgan Stanley and other interests . Guest will donald trump the poorest to release tax returns and Hillary Clinton her . Statements we would like to see her statements . We would love to see all of it. These are people seeking the presidency and you should argue that every citizen should have a right to see these, but the candidates have a choice on whether to release them. The only thing that could really change that is political pressure. There is no legal or political reason for them to do so. The pressure from the. Nstitutional side politically they may because people want to see it. Host joe, republican line. Caller good morning. I went to make a statement and then i went to ask your guest how he feels about something. I first noted in the jack kennedy election, so a long time. Where wehe first year are not going to be offered a choice between a gop and democratic establishment person and im so excited that both parties have a nonestablishment person. One has already won and and the other, keep my fingers crossed, will win. I favor mr. Trump is he is not establishment and i think that is what this party needs. My question is like everybody else, about the Vice President ial nomination choice. I have treated to mr. Trump that i think Condoleezza Rice would be the perfect person for a whole bunch of reasons. What does your guest think about that . Host her name has been mentioned. Thank you. Guest her name has been mentioned. She is a private person. She lives in northern california, works at stanford in the Hoover Institution and she seems to appreciate her private life. Sayoken to friends and they that she would shy away. She is not really a political person. Was, she probably would be reluctant at this stage in life. It is an intriguing points because with secretary clinton , therehe likely nominee could be a question about republicans and women and whether it donald trump and his statements about women, how can which is thever, majority of voters in this country, and that is an open question. I think the question is powerful and it speaks to why trump is connected with many voters. Press istimes, the struck by how people continue to stand by trump on the right because you realize it is not about his position and ideology or a specific issue. It is about at the end of the day that he is not establishment. He plans not only to change this change the system but stomp on it, and there is this anxiety in the country, and if there is any current that is lifting the trump vote, it is that one. Host let me ask you about the meeting that took place last thursday between House Speaker and donald trump. Did paul ryan tell donald trump that he needs to tone it down a bit . Guest i have spoken to people close to write an essay he did not say that directly, but he said it in so many words. Ryan is someone that cherishes a smart temperament, even temperament about stability in politics. You see ryan visibly uncomfortable whenever something gets dropped and tumbled, so i think there is a balance that trouble have to find because congressional leaders went to maintain the majority in the house and senate, and that is winning over states were temperament matters. There was an acknowledgment on capitol hill that trump cannot be changed. Trump is trump. You can only help to guide him as he barrels forward, rather than controlling him. Host robert costa, National Political reporter from Washington Post. Looking at a potential third y run there. We appreciate your time. We will take a short break. When we come back, the 50 places to visit. Brent glass will be joining us. Washington journal continues on this sunday morning. We will be right back. Tonight on q and a, historian and his book spain in our hearts, and americas involvement in the war. Tried to seizes power and in parts of the country, succeeded in 1936, it sent a shockwave of alarm throughout the world, because he was a major country in europe, the rightwing military quickly backed by mussolini, who sent arms, airplanes, pilots, tanks and mussolini sent 80,000 ground troops. Here was the spanish right making a grab for power. People all over the world felt it. To be resistant. If not here, where . Otherwise, we are next. Q a. Ight on cspans madam secretary, we proudly votes tof our delegate the next president of the United States. [cheering] washington journal continues. Host in his introduction to the book by brent glass, 50 Great American places, your friend and colleague says it is an incentive to get in the car and hit the road. Why did you write the book . Guest several reasons. One, to encourage political and historical literacy, and to understand why events are important to why places are important. To encourage people to go out and experience history firsthand, and also to appreciate why we need to preserve these places. This is a centennial year of the National Park service, so it is a good year to visit some of the National Parks, especially those that celebrate americas political and economic and central history. You write the following every one of these sites are important because they illustrate that history is not inevitable. Through thehistory choices and decisions that defined their time. America chose to declare independence from england, write great novels about slavery endres, invent the machine that use the, and build and atomic bomb. Guest we so often believed that history just happened and that we sometimes overlook the fact that people make decisions and that history is made by people. History can be a great resource to understand our own times and are owned lives, so i wanted to write the book from the perspective that even if we are familiar with a number of these looksn the book, at 50 Great American places looks at these places. Host how do you define a Great American place . Guest a place essential to understanding some of the major themes. Identify five, freedom, war, and land. Diversity those five games i believe help us understand american character, american identity, said those are why those places are essential and what makes them great. Is, go behind me, about the block or two, americas front lawn. Guest that is a great place to start to understand American History. Place, a intentional landscape manmade, but on the National Mall are all the major landmarks that help us understand democratic history, the capital of the white house, and all the great museums and monuments and memorials, and tell a story of who we are as americans. Francisco, the presidio is on your list, why . Guest it is located at the entrance of San Francisco bay, and when john fremont, the army officer, who later became the first republican nominee for president in 1856, but 10 years earlier, he saw that entrance to San Francisco bay and said i will call this place chris operably, which in greek, means golden gate, and he believed this would be as important to america as golden horde was to constanta noble. The spanish had several [indiscernible] at the same time, we were declaring independence from great britain, the spanish had established a fort at the entrance of San Francisco bay, and today, the presidio is a National Park. It was an army post for 150 years. At the presidio, you can learn not only about military history, but the importance of trade, immigration and alcatraz island. And the Golden Gate Bridge also frames is important landmark. Host as the director of national reason of American History, you are part of the effort that led to the renovation of the reason of renovation of the reason number of American History. What will people see now before the changes took place . Guest we adopted the slogan shining on the American History, and we wanted to open up the resume architecturally and intellectually, so there is one natural light, easier to navigate and understand. It was always a popular music, that it isi believe warmer, friendlier and the major accomplishment is a new gallery for the starspangled banner, the flag that inspired the national anthem. Ost our guest is brent glass we are dividing phone lines regionally, 202 7488000 in the eastern or central time zones. For those of you in the mountain and pacific time since. A look at the overall staffing and budget, employing over 230 people what the budget of about 20. 8 million, and more than 5 million visitors traveling through the museum back in 2013. That continues to increase. Guest i am proud of what my successors are doing at the American History museum, and i am very loyal to the smithsonian. It is our great Cultural Institution and in writing this book, 50 Great American places , it gave me a reason to appreciate it more what it is doing, all the great Cultural Institutions that we have in this country to preserve and protect our history. Host you have traveled to all 50 places. What place surprised you the most . Guest cap is a great question. Illinois, justn across the Mississippi River from st. Louis, the mountain surprised me in many ways. Haver one, that the mounds survived for almost 1000 years indianslt by american who did not have advanced technology that were able to create a city based on the cultivation of corn and the profits and surplus of corn cultivation. It was as large as london at the time and you could climb to the andest mound at the cahokia look and see the gateway arch. I thought that was a great image ,f both the mound and the arch to talk about our different civilizations, and what surprised me and Many Americans is that we think of the early precolonial American Indians as , and hered unsettled was a city on the Mississippi River that numbered more than 10,000 people at the time at the height of its power and probably people group of 10,000 in the outline areas around copia. That was a surprise. And other surprises in hartford, connecticut. The fact that mark twain and Harriet Beecher stowe were nextdoor neighbors are 20 years. Both of those homes are open to the public today. Finally, one more surprise, the Martin Luther king birth home in atlanta, which is a National Park site, Ebenezer Baptist church right down the street, i was surprised to learn that Martin Luther king jr. Was born when he was born, his name was michael kink and his father changed both their names after his father, who was a minister, made a visit to germany and learned about Martin Luther and andprotestant reformation was inspired to come home and change his name to Martin Luther king and his sons name. Host mall of america also on your list, which is on the screen now. Why . Guest the last chapter is on the first enclosed Shopping Mall in the u. S. And it was in minnesota, designed by a major influence on commercial design in this country. It was the way to write about the importance of suburban growth in the country after world war ii and the fact that the Shopping Mall, which now many are close in, but the Shopping Mall was synonymous inh the growth of america the decades following the second world war. Host lets go to rich from florida. Good morning. Caller good morning, gentlemen. We moved here from northern virginia, where i lived for about 40 years. Most one of the most influential places i ever nationalas Arlington Cemetery. I do not know if that is on his list or not. I had the fortune to have a lifetime task because i had a buried atber that was Arlington National, and i was able to see the positive. It was very invigorating when i sit at the Lincoln Memorial. I dont know a lot of people dont even live in washington know that if you stand at the back of the Lincoln Memorial act desk or nights and look across underneathdirectly the tomb, you can see the eternal flame of john kennedy. Host thank you for the call. Guest i mentioned Arlington Cemetery in the essay about the National Mall. The book is called 50 Great American places, therefore, i had an opportunity to write about more than one sites in each essay. You are correct, the Arlington National cemetery and all of our National Cemeteries are quite inspiring. There is one at the presidio that we talked about earlier and there is the National Cemetery at gettysburg battlefield, where Abraham Lincoln delivered the gettysburg address, so they are important sites to understand American History. Host this is a place i had not heard of. Only 35 miles from washington, d. C. The university in baltimore. Guest it is the baltimore and Ohio Railroad museum. I am glad you mentioned it because railroads were the shipping technology of the 19th and that Railroad Museum in baltimore, you can appreciate the profound influence that railroads had on america. We would not have the country we have today without the railroad, and they continue to be relevant and important in shaping our economic life. Host number 34 on the list, Grand Central station in midtown manhattan. Randy joins us from virginia. Could when. Caller good morning. Host good morning. Caller good morning. Yourld like to add one to list, the battle in west virginia. It was recognized as the first battle of the american revolution, where they fought against the confederate. Thank you. I hope people will create their own list when they look at the book. The fun part of this is to say, what would you include and what we do leave out . I hope that gets people talking about what is most important and what is most significant in American History, and i hope ple talk about the themes freedom, war, innovation, diversity and land, and think about what other themes have shaped american identity today. Host number 45, Central High School in little rock, arkansas. Ember 46, the spokane institute in california. Number 46, the Salk Institute in california. Guest in little rock, it is significant for many reasons. The fact that president eisenhower had the courage to intervene when it was clear that the local authorities and governor of arkansas would not allow the nine children, students to integrate Central High School. It is also significant that the city of little rock and the state of arkansas had embraced the story and commemorated it, and that was a big part of the public memory of that community. The National Park center has a Visitor Center and historic site, and it is the only school in america that is also part of the National Park, and the students at the school have served as curators of the story, so it is significant on many levels. The Salk Institute is one of the most beautiful landmarks in the country. It helps understand the accomplishment of jonas salk and the invention of the polio vaccine, and his collaboration with the great 20thcentury architect to create this institute and this landmark in la jolla, california. Host we should point out this commemorates the National Park service anniversary. George in florida, good morning. Thank you for waiting period caller good morning thank you for waiting. Caller good morning. I would like to say one of the greatest parts of the United States that are realized when i was 17 or 18, i traveled all i haveis country, and been to europe a few times. Anything you can find in the world exists in the United States. If you want deserts, mountains, what ever i dont know, rivers, the grand canyon is one of the most Amazing Things i have ever seen. If you want architecture, museums, theres no place better than washington, d. C. I mean whatever you want to find, you can go to europe into something in europe, you can see it here. That is basically what i wanted to say. Thank you. Host thank you, george. Guest i agree with you. We are a young country, but we have such adversity in terms of military, social and technological history, that you can really find so much here in the United States. I include the first National Park, yellowstone, as one of the 50 great places. The rest of the book concentrates on historical sites, but you are correct that we have some Amazing National wonders in this country and with the centennial of the park services, it is a great time to visit these places and experience history and the National Wonders firsthand. Host 202 7488000 for those in the eastern half of the country. For brent glass out west, 202 7488001. This asburgh, you call fork of the ohio. Guest the forks of the ohio where the rivers, together to form the ohio river. Host by the way, this view at downtown vicksburg is spectacular. Guest it is. Host by the way, this view of downtown pittsburgh is spectacular. Guest it is. It is important to look at waterways. We way they were the way controlled territory. The forks of the ohio where important and strategic locations for commercial activity. That is the place where young George Washington got his start as a british officer in the french and indian war, so i include that essay as a way of talking about the early colonial history and the events that really led up to the american revolution. Host the Mother Church of Country Music in tennessee. Jazz, iountry music and have nsa also about jazz in new orleans, Country Music coming out of nashville was a significant cultural transformation that transformed american Popular Culture and transformed the city of nashville. I have happy to see that it has been restored and is now being used again after several years in the 70s and 80s years in after70s and 1980s years of being closed. I try to draw attention to preservation. Historic preservation is not inevitable. On the essay on Grand Central terminal, i quote from Jacqueline Kennedy on that and when she was involved in a preservation battle in the 1970s. I paraphrase, but i really like i children areif not inspired by our past, how they have the strength to fight for the future . I think that is a great way of capturing the importance of preserving history. The physical places, as well as the monuments and the Museum Collections in our country. Host the book is titled 50 essentialcan places Historic Sites across the United States. Mccullough. By david he has written how many books . Guest at least 10 and i think they are all imprints. That is amazing. He always says that i choose something i know nothing about but i want to learn about it and he encouraged me to write a book that i would want to read. When i was writing this book, i was always thinking about how can i learn something new about some of these places, even though we think we know about gettysburg or monticello or about little bighorn, there was something new to learn, and david has that great curiosity about the subjects. That is why i think when you read this book when you read his books, you learn the way he has learned and you take nothing for granted. Host he is a great friend of the network and we appreciate his work. Judy and gerard. Good morning. Caller thank you. I want to stress the importance preservation of Historic Sites and what is happening to the amphitheater Chicago Institution and northwest pennsylvania. Over the years, it has become a national and educational culture and artistic center. The board of directors has raised private many with the premise of read having premise of having complete demolition and the building is on the National Landmark and there has been an advisory reform to try to do a sensitive rehab, but that has been ignored and it is scheduled to be demolished in fall 2016. David mccallum will be in chicago this summer, delivereds where fdr his famous speech i hate war. Guest now i have learned something new. Which several essays in Franklin Delano roosevelt plays a significant role in which he refused to mention president hoover by name. For many years, they called the hoover dam boulder dam, and only in 1947, by an act of congress, as the name applied to hoover dam. Of course, his famous speech after the attack on pearl harbor, in which he declared december 7, 1941, a day that will live in infamy, but the speech that will live in World History, and you can go to the Roosevelt Library and see the original manuscript where he scratched out World History and wrote infamy, and that is the way the remember the speech today. Host number 41 is pearl harbor in hawaii. Colleen joins us from massachusetts. Good morning. Caller good morning. I wanted to ask his opinion. I am from new england, and i have a very good friend from mississippi. I am getting a little distressed with hearing about the destruction of historical landmarks from the confederacy,hich is part of the civil war and i had the pleasure of visiting Stone Mountain and found it very impressive. I thought it was nice as not rushmore, but i am hearing about the destruction of all these confederacy and Historical Places in the south. I was wondering about his opinion of that. Out thatanted to point the freedom trail is among the top 50 places on brent glasss best. Brent glasss list. Guest i am not in favor of removing the confederacy. I aim in favor of explaining to americans today what the civil war was about. Unfortunately, it was the massacre of nine people in the church in charleston last year, and that tragedy, unfortunately caused people to think about the Confederate Flag and the civil war. It was ironic because it was the 150th anniversary of the end of the civil war last year. While many commemorations took place, there was this tragedy in charleston that caused us to think about the issues that were thelved in the war and consequences of the civil war. It was a defining moment in American History, so i think it was the way up erasing public memory. I think we should expand public memory by talking in more detail ways about civil war, the confederacy, race, slavery, segregation, civil rights, and removing those monuments the racist public memory. Host number 13, the white dove of the desert in arizona. Guest those are one of my favorite places. A place that many people are unaware of, but when you visit this place, it was one of the boston the Spanish Missions to be built in the southwest. The interior of the building is stunning. Hard hand carved statues of the virgin mary, saints, a number of figures are presenting american indian. It is being preserved by the diocese on the reservation south of tucson, and it is an exquisite architectural landmark in that part of the country. I include several sites that remind us that we had several beginnings in north america. We usually learned American History going east to west and talk about the british settnt along the east coast, but the spanish developed the southwestern part of our country. They settled the interior along the Mississippi River, so we had three beginnings, along with the presence of American Indians in the precolonial time. Host lewis and texas. Good morning. Caller good morning. My question has to do with Indigenous People settlement near st. Louis that brent glass mentioned earlier. Understand that the view of American History that we get to Public Schools is pretty much celebratory and last credit and less critical and we depend more on how we balance out the equation in that regard. Their pressureat is on anyone who is a prominent engage in tooto much criticism, so i will is mr. Glass the clients to answer this question, but i would like to know if he the policy of the United States government as wasng westward expansion genocidal . Guest i think the settlements exploitationnd the of the Indigenous Peoples living in the west is not the happy chapter in American History. I write about that specifically in the chapter on the battle of little big horn and the massacre at wounded knee. While i do not think there is anyone today in the historian writing today that can justify that those unhappy chapters, it is something that led to some positive development in terms of the great cities and great supplements that occur. I think about the writing of the hert prairie and i include home in red cloud, nebraska, which became a home for many immigrants to that part of the country, so it is not a happy chapter in American History. Host essential Historic Sites across the United States, 50 Great American places. Brent glass formally with the smithsonian. Thank you for being with us. Continue the conversation at 7 00 a. M. Eastern time. Come on our guests, we will focus on infrastructure projects. Well be joined with the American Society of engineer. , whether it is Bernie Sanders, Hillary Clinton, donald trump, what to expect when the new person takes office next january, and christina samuels, the assistant editor of education, tomorrow morning on the washington journal. In case you missed it last night, an excerpt from saturday night live. [video clip] it has been one week since trump became the nominee, so far, so good. Washington post released a recording of donald trump posing as john miller to brag about his business deals. Trump is denying the attempt. Lets listen to the tape. He is starting to do tremendously well. He is probably doing as well as anybody is. Trump. On, that is exhibit a, use of the word tremendously. There are only two times i have heard tremendously, from donald trump and from recordings of donald trump. John miller is such a lazy name, too, but that is what donald trump does. Everything he does sounds a key is on speed round of family feud. Foreign policy . Build a wall. Kkk [indiscernible] [laughter] if only there was a way for is a to prove john miller real person. Oh, i know, show was john millers birth certificate. Host last nights snl. Newsmakers is next. Thank you for joining us on this sunday. Enjoy the rest of your weekend. Have a great weekend. [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2016] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] next, newsmakers