Transcripts For CSPAN Washington Journal 20150130

Another theme park in Southern California that began in late december and has spread to six other states, including utah washington oregon, and colorado. Measles has reached or teen states, according to the director of the Cdcs National Center for any nation and respiratory diseases. It has generated fierce criticism of people who choose not to have their children immunized. It has prompted 2 School Systems in california to ban unvaccinated students from school. That is our question for this opening segment. Should Childhood Vaccinations be mandatory . We have divided our lines more difficult. Parents, educators, and medical professionals 2027488000 four parents. 2027488001 four educators. Medical professionals 2027488002. All others can dial in at 2027488003. You can join the lately conversation lively conversation. Send us a tweet at cspanwj. Or you can send us an email. Back to the Washington Post. The cdc held a briefing thursday. In an attempt to prevent measles from getting a foothold in becoming pandemic again. Host the u. S. Declared measles a limited in 2000, but the disease has researched in recent years. Fueled by epidemics and other countries that were imported into the u. S. By travelers and spread mostly among unvaccinated people. Last year, when the measles cases in the philippines reached 50,000, the u. S. Counted 644 including a cluster of cases in ohio among unvaccinated people in the amish community. In the u. S. , median number of cases after 2000 was 60. Around the world, there are about 20 million cases of measles annually and in 2014, many people died of the disease. 79 of the measles infections among unvaccinated people were contracted by people who chose not to be immunized because of personal beliefs, not medical necessity. The number of states allowed the personal exemption. 202 is the area code for all of our numbers. 2027488000 for parents. 2027488001 four medical for teachers. We begin with buffalo, new york. I am calling because i know it is necessary. The older you are when you get measles, the more dangerous it can be. I would say, yes, it should be mandatory. Next up is mike in herndon virginia. Are you with us . We will get back to those phone calls in a minute. The measles vaccine became available in the u. S. In 1963. Some people who refuse to vaccinate their children believe that a mercury containing preservatives, once used in many vaccines, causes autism. It has not been part of child vaccines since 2001 and the cdc the American Academy of pediatrics have found no evidence to support a link between them or us all thimerosal and brain disorders. Nationally, the vaccine rate is still high, but they knowledge there are communities where the proportion of people who are not funded fully immunized is much larger. Lastly, about two dozen unvaccinated students were sent home from Huntington Beach high school in orange county, the same county or disneyland is located. Arizona, which has seven cases is tracking more than 1000 people including 195 children who may have been exposed. Up next, mike in herndon virginia. What do you think about vaccinations . Caller i think that vaccinations should be mandatory, especially if it is a kid in Public School. If the kid comes in and they are not vaccinated and they are carrying some sort of an infectious disease, if my kid is there, and the school with that kid, i want my child to not have to worry about it. If my kid is vaccinated, maybe it doesnt matter. In the Public School situation vaccinations should be mandatory. Host what do you teach . Caller biology. Host has this subject come up in your school . Caller the minister nation and teachers do not talk about it. We have not had an issue. I am on the east coast. Nobody really discusses it. Maybe we should. I do not know. Host philip is in texas on our parents line. Good morning. Caller i do not think it should be mandatory. You have rights. How are you going to force this on someone . We have rights to choose our own for our kids. Host do you have children and have you had been vaccinated . Caller i have, but it is not mandatory. We chose to do it on our own. Host if youre are you worried your children may be exposed to unvaccinated . Caller no. It had not been a major crisis. Host thank you very much. Cleveland, texas ethel. Caller i am a grandmother of a fiveyearold. She has had her shots. It is mandatory in texas. If you do not have them, they send you home from school. The people that do not have it they spread it a month the people. Host i apologize for cutting you off, but fire alarms are going off and we will be back as quickly as we can. We are having problems with washington journal, here is a look at eric holder and fbi director james komi. Speaking about efforts to combat Human Trafficking. My name is Kristina Rose and im the Deputy Director for the Department Office for victims of crime. I am honored to serve as your mc for this event. With attorney general eric holder acting Deputy Attorney general, fbi director james homey, carol mason, and acting assistant attorney general i need a group the. I would like to welcome the special guests we have from other agencies. We are incredibly fortunate to have 2 women who have lived through the horror of Human Trafficking. They not only survived, they showed remarkable resilience and strength in their Journey Towards freedom and independence. Today, you are going to hear about the many remarkable accomplishments of your doj colleagues and how their passions and commitment to justice has led to significant advances in our fight against Human Trafficking. From the prosecution and conviction of traffickers, to the development of successful Collaborative Partnerships between Law Enforcement and victim services, to Cutting Edge Research on the nature and extent of Human Trafficking, dojs contributions spanned across multiple disciplines, and are impacting lives all over this country and even the world. Human trafficking is a complex often misunderstood crime that knows no boundaries. No boundaries in terms of age, or race, or sex, religion or social status. Traffickers use violence threats, and deception. And other manipulative acts to leeward their victims. Human trafficking, whether sex trafficking or labor trafficking, is pure and simple, modern day slavery. I would now like to introduce a three minute video that was specially edited for this event. It is from a new training series on Human Trafficking that will be released by the office for victims of crimes in april. This video is created by video action, a dcbased Production Company under the direction of robin smith, and produced by and rea. We call it the faces of human tragedy. My trafficker was my husband. There was no way i could reach out to anybody for help. We were scared. Scared to run, scared to tell anybody what is going on. It was an incredibly violent situation. I felt there was no way i could get out. Human traffickers can be anyone from any walk of life. A lot of the trafficking involves domestic servitude restaurant owners, owners at massage followers, farm owners. It can be a trafficker who has held told women i want to be your boyfriend, i love you you are going to go out and have sex for money. It can be psychological like that or more overt. It can be hitting, abusing, keeping them away from any support system. Trafficking, it does not no boundaries. The victim can be male, female, transgendered, anyone. It happens all over america. I still see this attitude of, it it is just immigrants or people in other countries. It happens to u. S. Citizens much more than people are aware. Be natural stakeholders are Law Enforcement, legal advocates, social service providers. There are other players involved. It is important to engage as a community. Because, victims often do not self identify, they do not come forward to Law Enforcement. Citizens in the community are the eyes in the years. Medical workers educators personnel at homeless shelters. We cannot do this alone. No one has the capacity to provide every single thing that a victim or survivor needs. There has to be a support system within the community. Psychological counseling shelter, and locational education so they can reintegrate and become a healthy individual. There is an effort to get everyone together so we know how to share resources and Work Together to make sure that the victim becomes a survivor. I would like to thank video action and Lindsay Waldrep for their incredible work on this video. There is a lot more to come. I would like to welcome to the podium the assistant attorney general for the office of justice of programs, carol mason. She will introduce our first speaker. She is a true champion for the work we do on Human Trafficking. We are grateful for her leadership for her enthusiasm and for her strong support of all of the work that we do. Please welcome assistant attorney general, carol mason. [applause] thank you. I am pleased to be here and would like to say thank you. I want to recognize them and their wonderful staff spread out among you for the wonderful work you have done to organize todays program. Or the work you do every day to support these victims. It is my pleasure to introduce the first speaker. Jim komi was sworn in as the seventh director of the fbi in september of 2014 that is not right. Psr as an assistant u. S. Attorney and a Deputy Attorney general. He worked for justice on behalf of victims. As the head of the fbi, he is helping to lead the fight against Human Trafficking operations. The fbi participates in state local, and federal host we are back with the washington journal. Should Childhood Vaccinations be mandatory . New cases in the u. S. In january. A disease that was declared eradicated in 2000. 2027488000 for parents. 2027488001 for educators. Medical professionals dialin at 2027488002. From the Washington Times doctors shun antivaccine patients. With california gripped by a measles outbreak, a doctor posted a clear notice on his door, his practice will no longer see children whose parents will not get them vaccinated. Parents who chose not to give diesel shots, they are not just putting their kids at risk, they are putting other kids at risk especially kids in my waiting room. It is a summit at goat by a small number of doctors who in recent years have fired patients who continue to believe the bunt research linking vaccines to autism. Significant risk to reach out. Host it goes on to talk about the vaccination, measles mumps rubella act seen is 99 effective at preventing measles which break easily through the air and in close spaces. Symptoms include fever, a rash over the entire body. In rare cases, measles can be deadly. Infection can cause drag and women to miscarry or give birth prematurely. Bernadette is calling in from virginia on our educators line. Are you with us . You can see the numbers on the screen. You can also participate in our conversation on facebook. You can send a tweet cspanwj. The next call is donna in tennessee on our parents line. Caller hello. I had my kids vaccinated in 1976. All my grandkids have had theirs. I feel like it is only right that all kids that enter the United States its vaccinated. Just as if they should say a prayer and learn how to speak english. I think they should or the health of grandbabies and kids growing up. Host you think it should be mandatory . Caller yes, i do. Host from the cdc, all 50 states require certain vaccinations for children entering Public Schools. Next call is linda in knoxville, tennessee. Good morning. Caller i am going off the reservation. The real Public Health issue is not measles. It is the huge increase, last i heard, one out of 100 children being diagnosed with autism. This comes out to be on the order of tens of thousands of kids. Until bcdc or nih the cdc or nih comes up what then answer with an answer, there will continue to be friends series that lead to these pocket outbreaks. Answer why autism is increasing, and everything goes away. I do not think it should be required. Host next a call and washington d. C. What do you do in the medical profession . Caller i am a graduate student. Host should vaccinations be mandatory . Caller yes. I am from ethiopia. While i understand that we are protecting our people. We are protecting our people because we were able to vaccinate [indiscernible] i do not see any reason not to get vaccinated in the United States. The number of kids are increasing [indiscernible] host are vaccinations required in ethiopia . Caller yes, it is required. Every trial has to be vaccinated. We have documentation it is not electronic, but we have documentation. Host should all immigrants coming into the u. S. Be vaccinated . Caller obviously. If you are not vaccinated, not only you, but you can get other sick. For the sake of others it should be mandated. Host from the New York Times over 1000 in arizona are watched for me and. For measles. Tracking 195 children who may have been exposed to measles. Host amy is apparent in new hampshire. Caller i feel it should not be mandatory. I feel i believe in the rights of the individual. If you gave it to your children, you should not be worried about being exposed. If you do not want to put certain medicines or poisons in your body, you should have that right to do so. If you contract the disease, you have accepted that risk. Host have you had your kids vaccinated . Caller yes. It was a choice. My kids are protected. If they are exposed to other kids who have the measles, they should be fine. As long as the people who havent been vaccinated accept the responsibility and take care of their kids if they get the disease, that death is a possibility, then that is their choice. It is like choosing to go skiing or do any dangerous activity. Like choosing to ride a motorcycle. You do the best you can, where a helmet or a jacket. You are making those choices. Host do you worry about your kids being exposed . Caller no, they have had the vaccine. Host a parent in minnesota justin. Turn down the volume on your tv and listen through your telephone. What do you think should Childhood Vaccinations be mandatory . We will have to hang up and move on. This is from fox news measles may be an epidemic. Without vaccination, the number of measles cases reported in the u. S. In january has surpassed the total median number of cases in previous years for adults. More adults contracting the violence is another thing the cdc announced. Orlando, florida, good morning what about mandatory vaccinations. Caller happy belated new year to you. You know peter, i agree an awful lot with amy. This is a Public Health policy. If this was an Ebola Outbreak we would be running to our doctors or to walgreens. To get these shots. I am 54, i do not have kids. I remember, as a kid, mom walking us to Public Schools and we would get this little sugar cube that had something to prevent something. I remember getting shots at the Public Schools, but i do not remember what that stuff was for. We are talking about Public Health issues. I do not know if anywhere in your stack of newspaper, anybody is speculating on why there is an outbreak. It might not be politically correct, but could it have something to do with the wave of the Illegal Immigrants that came in a few months ago. If i can, i have a quick question for you. There are some topics, like the one we are talking about today that could be broadcast on saturday or on sunday. Then there are some stuff that cspan covers that washington journal covers and i have been watching you since the day of brian lamb. That happened overnight, you go live at 7 00. How much prep time do you get . Are you prepping at dinner last night, or do you come in at 2 30 in the morning and start . For us junkies maybe on a saturday, it would be great to see a behind the scenes of washington journal, what time you get there, who pulls the articles . I will take your answer off the air. Host thank you. Michelle is the executive producer and i am sure she is listening and probably heard your suggestion. Jim tweets in refresh my memory where where the vaccines host decatur georgia, a. A parent. Caller i am still a parent. I am raising some of my childrens babies. I think it should be mandatory because you cannot keep your children in a wall. We are public people. It is too bad measles mumps anything we can avoid our kids to go through, i would say it should be mandatory. Host thank you, maam. Next up is peter in chattanooga, tennessee. Peter, what is your role in the medical profession . Caller hello . Host what is a role in the medical profession . Caller i would rather not say that this point in time. I want to know who in the world ever thought about what is being put in the vaccines . We know that it goes to the brain. Host do you think Childhood Vaccination should be mandatory . Caller it would be great to be mandatory if there was not mercury in them. I happen to know to children that right after vaccinations went downhill. It is not fair to say for any of that. I want to know who first put mercury in the shot. Host from pbs, the news hour has a report saying that you could get the measles even if you are vaccinated. David is in los angeles. What do you think . Caller i am a parent who has a child with mild autism. There has been a rash or what appears to me as a parent of autism who is aware that there is an unexplainable spike in autism. To the parents, our job is to figure out how to protect our child and where these harms are originating from. Now when we have Agency Failures , or people who are responsible for allowing such things as vaccines and other products enter the market, it is like i do not have confidence in these various regulatory agencies like the people who produce the vaccine or any other product because when you have a profit margin, and like everything we do is buyer beware. Do you know what i mean . Host all that said what do you think about mandatory . Caller to make anything mandatory under these circumstances would not be wise. I think what would be a wise is to get a handle on these agencies that are responsible for say, regulating product, if you well. If you will. To gain the confidence of the American People, we can say that we trust these products. When you do not have that you have buyer beware. You have to protect your child. Having a child with autism and any other type of measles or kind of disease, we want to not have to be confronted with this. When you have this, like say in my case, with a child with autism, this is going to be a lifelong issue that as a parent im going to have to deal with. Host do you think it is directly related to a vaccination . Caller like the gentleman that was before me said, why would you be putting mercury and who authorized that to be done . Host that is david in los angeles. Both david and the previous caller in chattanooga brought up that issue. This is from the Washington Post. Again, the measles vaccine became available in 1963. Some people who refuse to vaccinate their children to leave that a mercury containing preservative once use in many vaccines causes autism. But it has not been part of childhood vaccines since 2001. Chris and milwaukee. Apparent, good morning. Caller im 71 years old. I live through measles, mumps and everything. There wasnt the cases of autism a part of the baby boomers having kids like crazy. I do not know one child with autism. Now, it is one and 68 children. I just read an article because it has always interested me. They said that they think it is environmental. What do they mean my that i do not know. The article was from the government because i am on their mailing list. I get emails from them. Now, i do not believe that it should be mandatory. I did not have my girls vaccinated for measles. It was only until they became of childbearing age because i wanted them to get rid of measles before their child bearing years. They didnt, so i have been vaccinated then. I do not believe all this stuff that the medical professionals are saying. By the way, when my girls were born and ive sons to, you did not start to vaccinating does vaccinate until they were three months old. Now my grandson had a vaccine and my parents were not told before they left the hospital at one day old. I do believe that we are giving far too many vaccines. There is a jump in autoimmune diseases of 76 . There has got to be something going on. Host thank you, maam. From politico this morning. The former House Majority leader is going to be a business fellow at john f. Kennedy school of government. Cancer is the only election loser 2014 to join a candidate school. Senator Kaine Hagan Kay hagan and mark coakley are also joining the kennedy school. We have an educator now. Caller good morning. My comment is that i wish that there was more data to support either way. The problem is that some of the data seems to come from sources in which it would be in their interest to provide an answer that their situation is looking for. For example i really do not understand the hpv vaccine being mandatory. That push in texas a few years ago. Im not sure for this still mandatory, but i run them are hearing about it and it just confuse the hell out of me honestly because not much information had been on the market very long. And to make girls have to use it without having much information on it didnt make sense. However, there is still a reality in which destinations are a good thing. The term herd immunity where a child cannot be vaccinated but others are, the child is immune from the disease. When more children are vaccinated, it actually increases the likelihood of their children getting it. Host are you currently a teacher . Caller im a counselor actually. Host does your school require vaccinations . Caller as far as i know. Host caller it is something i wish i knew for certain. It is a big deal in the area that i am from. They have to get vaccinated before they go to school. Host thank you, maam. From politico as well, david duke. He might challenge representative Steve Scalise in louisiana. Our next calls on our parents line. What is your first name . Caller mantell. Im directing this response to all these parents of people that have concerns about their health. For Public Health reasons, let us just say that you shouldnt make it mandatory, that it should also be mandatory that vaccines are proven to be safe for your kids help. If safety is the issue, if you are going to make them vaccine mandatory there should be a policy saying that the vaccine is safe for kids and wont damage your kids health. I remembered an article about the bill Gates Foundation and how they were vaccinating children in third world countries like india and how these people grew up crippled, paralyzed, and sick. You have a class of satanic psychopaths in this country that are above the law that is using vaccinations as well as wifi frequencies for population control purposes. These people do not get accused. You have to get rid of that element of people wanted to use vaccinations for population control reasons. If you want to make the vaccinations mandatory, and it should be mandatory that it is proven safe for your help. Host do you have your children vaccinated . Caller no. When i was uninformed, i did. I went to a website that gave me a lot of information. They had a litany of articles about the damage that vaccinations are doing tickets. Host thank you for calling in. We are going to leave it there. This is cspan democrat feed for twitter. If the dizzy situation doesnt perfectly demonstrate why vaccines should be antichoice, i do not know what does. We have rich now. Caller i have three children have been vaccinated. I will tell you a quick story. My first son was born, the pediatrician one to give him a hepatitis b shot when he was 30 seconds old. I refuse to get it. Five weeks later, i went into the office for the first checkup and they had an article photocopied on the table saying why your child should have few hepatitis b vaccination. It cited three reasons. One was blood transfusions. The other was sexual transmission. The third one was intravenous drug use. When i went to the doctor, i said he is not good to have sex. He is five weeks old. I know he is not going to use drugs. If you need the blood transfusion, i could donate the blood because he has the same blood type is me. With all these three factors taken care of, does he need the hepatitis b shot . She said no. Let us go to the next one. She wanted to give the live polio vaccine. This was a 1993. We were the only industrial lies country industrialize country still giving the vaccine. I read articles about kids getting the polio disease from the shot as you do without getting the shot. She said that it is a 5050 chance that you can get it from the vaccine. I said we will take care of that one. That take took care of two shots are there. I asked her if any child had died from the tpt or tennis, she cited one case in maryland over the past 10 years. I said i will take my chance if there is one case of of the past 10 years. My kids have not had an antibiotic in their life. My son is graduating college. My daughter is a sophomore. My youngest son is 13. Not one of them has had an antibiotic. Host that is from new plains new jersey. Bernie sanders wants to pay take on the billionaires class. This is from a recent quote. All i know is that if i run im not running against hillary clinton. I dont care what anyone else has to say. That is their business. And once we are in a campaign, i can debate those issues. That is from the interview. You can watch the full interview on sunday. That is 10 00 a. M. Bernie sanders is our newsmakers guest this week. Now we have brenda. Caller i do not know what all those other folks are talking about. Im retired military. Im a retired teacher. I know that ive seen people around me all the time. It is children who are homeless, living in hotels, and living in infested and unsafe areas. All you people are talking about his policies. Im talking about children. They would not answer my call. They would not answer my call. I do not need much. But as folks around my niebuhr neighborhood need a whole lot. Host from the hill the watchdog is stuck. The investigator was not act by the Justice Department for writing critical stories about the Obama Administration according to an investigation by independent watchdog. The report concluded that Cheryl Attkisson merely have heard delete key stuck when tax disappeared from her computer. They said that there was no information that government officials are raced stories. The next calls joshua in South Carolina on her educators line. Josh, what part of the Education System are you in . Caller i work in the pharmaceutical sales part of it. When i listen to your program some people talk about the measles and certain vaccinations that are being mandatory and whatnot. Other people had mentioned an adverse drug reaction and autism because of the measles shot. There are ways to know about certain people through genetics. These tests tell you how a person is going to react to that before they take the vaccination. If you are going to talk about mandatory medication, shouldnt you mandatory at test if you have an adverse reaction to this . Fast rumors all i have to say about this. If you have a kid with autism, and they said they had a mandatory vaccination, and theres all the side effects. There is a test that provides doctors to have patience and take these tests and prevent things from happening like this. Host thank you, sir. There is the headline. This is from the Washington Times. Nine democrats sided with republicans to approve the pipeline. Their senator bennett of colorado, senator casey of pennsylvania, senator heitkamp of north dakota, center of West Virginia, mccaskill of missouri, tester of montana, and mark warner of virginia. Rebecca is in Hickory North carolina. She is a medical professional. Hello, rebecca. Caller my name is dr. Rebecca carley. I am a expert in vaccine induced diseases. I want to refer everyone to green med info. Com. There is an article pop published in 27 titled measles transmitted by vaccination, government officials confirmed. It cited a study done by a clinic of Infectious Diseases where the beer of immunizations in york city in new york city and the National Institute of reference respiratory diseases confirm that they are actually transmitting the measles virus. It is called secondary transmission. Because this is a live virus they are injecting it into children and, of course, many of them are going to shed the virus and cause others to be infected with measles. This whole concept of vaccination is a fraud. In fact, the Pharmaceutical Company that create vaccines have immunity. If your child is damaged, you do not have the ability to see them. To see them. This is something that everyone should investigate. Host are you a physician or a phd . Caller im a medical doctor. I was a surgeon. My only child was brain damage from a vaccine 19 years ago. I started researching vaccines. I discovered a way to reverse the damage using homeopathy. That is what im doing for two decades now. Im helping people of vaccine damage children. Host that is rebecca in north carolina. The Washington Post is reporting that Lindsey Graham is adding his name to the list of gop hopefuls. There is the headline. Coming up, we are going to have a roundtable discussion on trade. There is a trade legislation coming before congress soon. After that, were going to talk about the use of heroin and the rise of heroin use in the United States. The president was at the House Democrats retreat yesterday up in philadelphia. He had a little bit to say. Here is a little bit of the president. [video clip] collects the reason that so many of you make sacrifices in your families make sacrifices to be here is because the story of the people that i mentioned in the state of the union, people like rebecca, who i talked about for a few minutes those people are us. They are moms and dads. They are ants and uncles and nephews. Their cousins and our neighbors. They are coworkers and our friends. We remember some point in time where somebody gave us a little bit of a hand up and we remember that scholarship that allow this to go to school when it was not clear that our family might be able to afford it. And we remember what it was like to try to find childcare when you have two folks working trying to pay the mortgage at the same time, just like michelle and i had to do. You remember those things. And the reason that we do this is that so those folks have the same as short a the same extraordinary country is weeded as we did. And more importantly that our grandchildren have the same opportunities. It is our obligation to make sure that we are Crystal Clear about what we stand for and who we are fighting for. I will just say, obviously, we were all disappointed with the outcomes of the last election. There are a lot of reasons for. Im happy to take on some of the blame. One thing that im positive about is when we are shy about what we care about, what we are defensive about what we have accomplished, what we do not stand up straight and proud and say, yes, we believe that everyone in this country should have Health Insurance and we are glad that we are making that happen. Yes, we believe that families should not be torn apart and we are glad that we are fighting for immigration reform. Yes, we believe in middleclass economics and we do not apologize for wanting to make sure that some young and full young man and woman can afford to go to college. We need to stand up and not be defensive about what we believe in. That is why we are democrats. [applause] i promise you that im not going out in the last two years sitting on the sidelines. Im going to be out there making the case every single day and i hope you join me. Thank you. [applause] announcer washington journal continues. Host Linda Dempsey has new trade legislation before the cars. What does it do . Guest manufactures are excited that we are moving forward on this legislation. This is legislation that congressional executive Branch Partnership has been around in 1974 and early with frankland Eleanor Roosevelt who had earlier authority. This legislation is critical for the administration to negotiate high trade agreements that open markets. Right now, u. S. Exporters a higher tariffs the most of every other country in the world. China, and, every country in the European Union. Because we are not part of negotiating new trade agreements. The only that we are going to knock down various overseas is to negotiate some of these big new trade agreements and the pacific and europe. This is a critical part of securing the ability for our negotiators to bring back the best possible deal. We hope to see this legislation later in february and move through as quickly as possible. It really helps ensure that the president and congress are working together. They both have Constitutional Authority in this area. We cannot have 535 members of Congress Going to negotiate with japan or the European Union on trade agreements. The Congress Absolutely has a constitutional role in regulating trade. This helps both the executive and congress Work Together and bring back agreements that are critical to a level Playing Field. Host does allow congress to have a vote on anything the administration negotiates . Guest what it does is that it lets congress set out the negotiating. This is what is important to grow our economy and our jobs and grow manufacturing. The administration is required to debrief and consult the congress as these negotiation say go on. In advances those consultations. When the agreement comes back and theyve done everything that congress has told him to do, the congress will take it up in a timelimited manner without amendments on particular pieces of the trade agreement. It is an upanddown vote on the entire trade agreement. That is really important because these trade agreements, particularly these multi country trade agreements that we have are very complex. You cannot say that i do not like giving up our terrace on this. Im going to change that one piece of the trade agreement. Youre are going to unravel the entire trade agreement. Youre not going to be able to go for it. As i said, this is the type of authority earlier on tariffs and then for broader trade agreements. It has been around for a long time. It is a Proven Partnership between republican and democratic president s and congress. Host robert scott is with the Economic Policy institute. Mr. Scott, you have heard from the National Association of manufacturers. Do you have an issue with this . Guest i several issues i have several issues. The more accurate name for this is fast track. To move trade legislation a trade treaty through congress with very few opportunities for congress to have actual input. For example, the president has requested this authority to order in order to complete negotiations on Transpacific Partnership. This is a mass deal with 11 other countries. This is a negotiation for five years. The trade negotiator has described as negotiations as being the endgame. This deal has arty been worked out by large. The problem with these deals is that there have been eliminating billions of jobs the United States. They have been driving down wages of working americans. These are just more of the same. We have negotiated 20 of these agreements of these trade Promotion Authoritys. It has been nothing but lose lose for most working americans. These agreements work largely to shift income out of the pockets of working people. By our estimates, it has cost up to 100 million workers are more. 70 of the workforce. Of that 80 a year i sifted out of their pockets and into the corporate coffers. It has been a big contributor to this growing problem and inequality. We really need to stop and rethink how we negotiate these deals. More the same with the same old fasttrack trade Promotion Authority is not going to get the job done. It is not going to allow congress to do its job and help guide relations with other countries. Host Linda Dempsey, how does the tpa benefit American Workers . Guest it absolutely does. The last time we had tpa was in 2002 and the United States negotiated with 11 other countries for a new trade agreement. Our exports doubled by that time. A real important fact that i think robert did not mention is that we have trade agreements with 20 other countries in the United States. They represent about 10 of gdp globally. We export nearly half of all u. S. Manufactured goods just to those 20 countries. That is because those Free Trade Agreements that were spurred by tpa cut tariffs and level the Playing Field and made ensure sure that the standards are fair. Theyre going to protect the intellectual property from our patents and our copyrights that are in all of our manufacturing and advanced technology. This is a critical thing. It opposes Greater Transparency on rulemaking and requires of the countries not to discriminate against us or put in policies like we have seen in india and china and other places. They say, if you want to sell chair, you have to make it here. We want to be able to make it here and sold around the world. That is what we are tried to do. New trade agreements are critical. Over 11 trillion in manufactured trading goods are traded outside of our borders. That is the most three times all the manufactured goods considered him United States. We have to get a bigger part of that Global Market and trade agreements help to do that. Host imports and exports in 2014. Guest the macro number is very similar to what it was in 2013. In 2013, we exported manufactured goods about 1. 4 trillion. We imported more than that. We have a trade deficit. We can talk about that. Im sure robert and i can have a good discussion about the trade deficit numbers. I think they do not really tell the whole story when you look at the apple iphone. That class on the top that really costly glass, that is coming for the United States. Our trade numbers are little bit on the deficit side. They do not say this as what is perhaps going on. The numbers are lower than what we wouldve liked. The president hope to double exports. We did not get there. And a lot of that is Slower Growth in overseas markets. That is a problem. But also, these barriers. As a set of the outset, american exporters are facing higher barriers in overseas markets and almost every other country. We had to change that. We cannot sit on our hands and let other countries negotiate deals that exclude us. Host i want to give you a chance to respond to what missteps he had to say. Is it the tpa itself that youre opposed to or trade agreements in general . Guest it is the tpa itself because it is led to bad trade agreements. Missteps he talks about exports. We hear over and over again about the benefits of exports. In fact, they said we have millions of dollars of exports to these countries and he claims it supports millions of jobs. The problem that is that they never talk about imports. Trade is a twoway street. Once exports we want to export goods for we also import a lot of good. If you talk about trade and only talk about exports, is talking about a baseball game and talking about only runs scored by the home team. It makes you feel good, but it is not tell you the team won or lost. As the problem. We have been losing a lot more than we have been winning. For example, for these countries that have proposed Transpacific Partnership, yes, we have about 500 billion dollars with of exports in this country. By my estimates, that supports 3. 1 million jobs. We had about six out of 50 billion with of imports. That cost us for the halfmillion jobs. 4. 5 million jobs. We lost those jobs to these countries. As a problem. Host let us go back to 1964. Has nafta been beneficial . Guest i think it has cost jobs the United States and driven down wages in this country. We have seen that since nafta took effect, specifically with mexico, prior to and after, we had a trade surplus with mexico. That has turned into a trade deficit of almost 100 billion. In 2010 alone, that cost us almost 700,000 u. S. Jobs. The jobs are just the tip of the iceberg because a competition with lowwage workers in countries like mexico and china has driven down wages for working americans. Not just those who compete directly with imports and exports, but everybody who has a similar set of schools. Set of skills. That means people about it College Degree. As a huge part of labor first. Guest let us start with jobs fear that is critical to the manufacturers. Exports absolutely produce higherpaying jobs. As we are not part of the Global Economy in a more successful way, we not going to be able to sustain and grow new jobs. Lots of economists have look at this and almost all them say that the job losses that we have had in the United States are very little attributed to trade. It is to technology and structural changes. When you look at manufacturing jobs, those are great highpaying jobs. When we are in periods of great deception recession, i have to say that we lost too many max schreck jobs, but we lost less manufacturing jobs than we did in other parts the economy. What we are trying to do with these trade agreements is to create more jobs. On nafta nafta was hugely, positively impactful for the Manufacturing Sector here in the United States. What happened after nafta in terms of jobs they increase here in the United States. They that fall again until we had a recession. With jobs, we were able to export more. Mexico underwent a peso titus this peso crisis. Instead of doing what countries typically do when they undergo a financial crisis, they did, because of nafta, were required to keep it open. We also have an america in america a huge manufacturing base. Goods coming in from mexico to United States actually have huge amounts of u. S. Content. It is like 60 or 70 . The same thing from canada. Our competitiveness in north america has been greatly advantaged by nafta. That is what we want to do with these other trade agreements. Host yeah 30 seconds and then were going to calls. Yeah 30 seconds and then were going to calls. Guest the reason is that these have done more than change tariffs. It makes it safe to outsource production. In the last 15 years, we have lost nearly 50,000 manufacturing plants. We have lost 5 million jobs. Host both of our guests received degrees from uc berkeley. He got his phd there and linda dead sea got her law degree. Linda dead sea got her law degree. You are first up on our discussion. Caller thank you for taking my call. This is william allman. I actually work in washington at the society of king chemical manufacturers. We believe that passing trade regulation like tpa will actually unleash quite a bit of innovation and competitiveness in our market. In fact, if you look at the balance of trade in chemicals with korea, and 2013 after the u. S. Signed a treaty agreement in 2011, our industry saw a substantial increase in exports. We now have a sizable surplus. This is really good news for manufacturing. It is also great news for the hundreds of thousands of highly paid and highly skilled workers that work on our factory floors every day. I like to ask mr. Scott. If not tpa or trade, what is your policy recommendation to a fairly expand trade of usmade product and compete with countries like china and india . Host doctors got. Caller guest thanks for the question. Korea is a great example. The president promised that it would increase exports like we have seen 10 billion or 11 billion. The reality is the first three years after that agreement take a fate the effect, u. S. Exports to create declined in imports surge. The deficit increased by 50 and as a result, we lost him a 60,000 jobs. The reality is job losses overall. The caller raises a second important point and that is about intellectual Property Rights. The reality is that today terrorists around the world are very low. Trade deals are really about much more than trade. Theyre mostly about providing protections for intellectual Property Rights and other corporate deregulatory goals. This is one of the reasons why a number of economists now are opposed to agreements like the Transpacific Partnership because theyre going to decrease intellectual Property Rights and increase profits for corporations at the expense of workers and consumers. Host a recent poll agreed that the overwhelming majority of americans think that trade is good. The overwhelming minority of americans think that trade agreements arent. Guest there certainly has been lots of anxiety from the last two years. Using numbers like trade deficits to friendly scare people i think there needs to be a separation between globalization and the trade that is part of that and the type of free trade agenda that we have going on. Most imports that come into United States right now they are 85 dutyfree. What our trade agreements are trying to do is level the Playing Field. Yes, those rules on intellectual property that robert may not like our critical are are critical for manufacturers. We have manufacturers around the country who are talking to not only their lawmakers, but the local mayors and others in the community because the benefits of trade are harder to see. We have lots of Companies Come to us and say that during this 20082009 recession, our sales in the u. S. Were going down. I do not know how i was going to keep my payroll. I have 50 employees and this is a familyowned company. How am i going to keep doing this . The answer again and again has been trade. We are able to export now to singapore. We are sending things to australia and other countries. That has made it possible for manufacturers to sustain these types of highpaying jobs and grow jobs and types of areas. One really great example toyota. They built a plant for their sienna minivan and indiana. And export to a surely. They are not exporting from japan to australia. They are exporting from the United States to australia creating jobs there has we have a Free Trade Agreement with australia. Those tariffs do matter a lot. Host rogers calling in from indiana. Caller good morning, everybody. Mr. Mrs. Dempsey, i understand that you are a lawyer. First of all, i do not have much trust in lawyers. Im a product of nafta because i put 15 years in a factory at General Electric. We had 3400 people working in as soon as nafta came by, we had 400 people working. I was forced into retirement at age 59. If this is so great, why dont the people bring this out and fast track and let it work its way through congress to let us see what we have got . I think you are covering up for the right wing. Thank you, by. Guest thank you for your question. Im sorry to hear about your job loss. The increased productivity and technology that we now have on the shop wars in the Manufacturing Sector is it big part of the transition. We have an manufacturing the United States over 600,000 jobs unfilled right now and we are looking for the right skills. Manufacturing has completely changed over time. Why dont we have a vote in congress with lots of amendments going through every chapter of the Free Trade Agreement . This is because it is agreement with other countries. If you start chanting one thing, it is going to start to unravel of all. This was a hardfought negotiation. Where working hard right now with our u. S. Trade negotiators talking to Foreign Countries, we want to see much rules out of this agreement that are going to level the Playing Field. They are going to provide the types of transparency and nondiscriminatory protection that we believe American Products and workers deserve in a Global Economy. That is really what the trade agreement is going to do best. We need to operate these systems. We have not done this is a trade Promotion Authority since two thousand two we do not have all these electronic gadgets and trade has changed a lot. We have to upgrade and we have to make sure that these trade agreements come home and are strong for america. Just one point we have a trade surplus. 60 billion with those 23 trade agreements and countries overall. If you think those are problem you need to look at trade agreements like the one we have party done and supported by tpa as part of the solution. Host wednesday dempsey Linda Dempsey is an advisor to bill bradley. Robert scott, what did you hear that you would like to respond to . Guest i would like to thank ronnie for calling. I did to come from indiana. Ive been going back and forth and ive been dismayed by the loss of industrial and not just indiana and all the states between here in indiana. These trade agreements have been a disaster for the u. S. Manufacturing. One of the major reasons why and we have not talked about it yet is because of problems with what is known as current see manipulation. And many of the countries that we are proposing to enter into with this supposed trade agreement with our wellknown currency manipulators. I will give you an example japan is the secondlargest currency manipulator in the world. It bids up the price of the u. S. Dollar and makes u. S. Exports artificially expensive and acts like a subsidy on everything that japan sense here to the United States. We heard about this toyota plant earlier. It brings and lots and lots of parts from japan that are able to come here because of those artificially subsidized prices. We need to stop currency manipulation. Many congressmen have called for currency manipulation regulations in the Transpacific Partnership. And yet, the trade negotiator has her first to open up those refused to open up those discussions. That is a problem. Host john is in tennessee on a republican line. Caller good morning. I just wanted to agree with mr. Scott. This trade agreement reminds me of nafta. Nafta cost hundreds of thousands of american jobs. I drove a great million miles with the truck and our 48 states and canada over a 22 year period. More jobs were lost in her nafta the laguna came close was when the unions lost american jobs in the american century. We need to raise tariffs on imports to 40 and drop our business tax and bring business back to america down to 5 tax toward business to bring Companies Back here and bring people to work. Just like numbers everyone goes with numbers. They say it is below 5 . As i should close the 50 are we not have nearly 60 million families on food stamps. Host thank you, sir. Let us have robert scott. Do you agree that tariffs should be raised on imports coming into the u. S. . Guest i think so for certain examples. We have antidumping laws which allow companies to petition for relief from unfair trade when countries are selling products below. I think in some cases yes. The bigger problem is the problem with currency manipulation which i talked about earlier. That makes it look like products which come from countries like japan and china make them worth less than a actually does to produce. In place a subsidy by keeping those currencies artificially low. I did a study last year that show that if we eliminated cursing manipulation. We could create between 2. 3 and 5. 8 million jobs. I think eliminating currency manipulation is a much better thing for the economy than just across the board imposing tariffs. Because it works for both sides of trade and would help reduce artificially subsidized imports and would also stimulate u. S. Exports and create jobs in the United States. Guest currency is absolutely a critical issue in the Global Economy. What we are hearing from manufacturers right now with a high dollar is much greater difficulty in their sales and the numbers coming back to United States. The question is, what are the problems here and one of the solutions . Currency is fundamentally a global issue. When we have these protracted and major imbalances in currency by particular countries that is the problem for the president and how are we in the United States going to solve that problem. What we have tried before is working with the International Monetary fund and working with the Global Community to try to solve these problems. We need to do more of that. We need to have stronger negotiatesions. We have to have something effective. I think people think that trade agreements can solve all of our problems. They cannot. We have experimented with high tariffs the United States. In 1930, that extended and made much worse the great depression. It was governor roosevelt that came out with the tariff proclamation authority and working with congress for the first time. We embarked on a path of that and that got the rest the world to open up the market more. Countries with high tariffs like brazil where is the innovation . Where is great manufacturing coming out of brazil . We have a more open economy. We have greater innovation and research and development. Oh, by the way, we are the highest levels of manufacturing output of the United States nearly 2. 1 trillion that we had before. We have to find a way to do more that and grab more of the Global Economy trade so we can produce those higherpaying jobs right here home. Host richard is in West Virginia on the independent line. Good morning, richard. Caller good morning. I just wanted to make a brief discussion on for ideas. I work in West Virginia which used to be a home of steel. It used to be the biggest employer in West Virginia. Take a look at Facebook National employment recovery act. I think youll like that idea. It gives the fed an independent tool to set brackets among various commodities overseas to make them approximate what it would cost to produce them here. That should take care of the currency manipulation topic that you talked about. The way that it works is if a Foreign Company like toyota, and they come here and hire people and do our labor, they are not subject to this. If they are a Domestic Company like General Electric that goes overseas and they try to bring it back here, it would be subject to that. The ways to even out the basic cost of bringing the products here. The second thing bring jobs home at. Thousand big thing a few years back that was a big thing a few years back. That would eliminate tax to ductions that go overseas. It gives them a 20 discount if they choose to bring jobs back here. The third thing host those are two big issues and we are going to let our guests respond to those. Guest im happy to take a look at some of that legislation. I do want to let you know that i grew up in pennsylvania right near the steel belt there and worked in many years for the steel industry. We are strong supporters. We do not just need to open markets and have no agreements. We need to enforce the rules that we have here in the United States. We need to make sure that everybody is playing fairly and we need to enforce this trade agreements. They cannot be just words on a piece of paper and we are working on issues in korea, in fact. We would not have gotten as far in korea without that agreement and we into make sure that those rules are really enforced. Steel is an interesting issue. We dont have tariffs on steel the United States. These trade agreements do not have that type of affect. Some of the policies that i hear about from companies that are going to save jobs and save manufacturing there are a whole bunch of products that we do not actually produced in the United States. I have a company out of west chester pennsylvania and it is the last thats top thats top fan producer in the United States. All the fans are coming out of china and elsewhere coming into the u. S. And working on something called the miscellaneous tariffs bill. This is a piece of legislation that actually and limits illuminates tariffs on manufactures needs on products produce here. We do not produce everything here. We cannot shut our borders and expect to succeed in the Global Economy. People in brazil are doing that and they are not expanding as nearly as well as we are in the Global Economy. Guest i think the focus on things like the miscellaneous tariff bill kind of illustrates what has happened to our manufacturing economy over the last 15 years. As i said, offshore production in industry after industry we have lost over 50,000 manufacturing plants. These implants that used to employ thousands of people and now just employ a few hundred. We had this big collapse in the manufacturing center. Youre right. Many things are no longer produced year. Now, we are dependent on these imports. Now we have domestic manufacturers asking for tariff reductions. That is not the way to go. What we need to do is reversed as massive job destroying trade deficit that we have allowed to build up the United States. One of the big contributors has been these Free Trade Agreements. President obama, when he was a candidate in 2008, said that he was going to go back and reevaluate nafta and that there were problems with the deal that we needed to do differently. It turns out that we are doing it differently largely means more the same. In fact, the proposed trade agreement with these 11 countries in asia is actually going to provide more protections for u. S. Corporations and allow them to deregulate the economy and rolling back regulations on things like the Financial Services industry, food safety. We are going to weaken our domestic flaws because of rules that are embedded in this particular agreement and i think that is a mistake. Host what is the danger of a trade deficit . Guest the danger of a trade deficit is that it simply represents the loss of demand for domestic work. If we are importing more than we are exporting we are essentially exporting our jobs to the rest of the world which makes the grid the economy grow more slowly. It hurts working people by creating unemployment and also putting downward pressure on wages. The wage effect is the most pernicious problem with trade deficit. Host do you agree with that . Guest absolutely not. Those aps that talked about income inequality and his question about those trade cause income inequality . The answer is no. It impacts other changes like technological changes. Those of the issues really there. When you look at exports and that side of the trade, 18 higher wages for employees who work in export industries. Imports we need imports. Our manufacturers do not lose everything. Frankly, we need a World Economy that we would want to sell to as well. China is a big company could issue for manufacturers because we deal with a lot of intellectual property problems and unfair play. But china is also the United States largest export growing market. China has listed 100 of thousands of people out of poverty. We talked to marine manufacturers that say that korea has gone from a developing country to an advanced industrialized country. If they want to buy, what do they want to do when they are middleclass . They want to buy it boats. Thats great because we have that here in the United States. We can make that possible. We are in the Global Economy and we cannot forget that. We cannot just sit here. We grow in other countries grow and we can do that better with these trade agreements. Guest that is how they grow. They grow with currency manipulations. It does not help us grow. Free trade sounds great, but exports to korea actually went down to two years after the agreement. Where are the jobs and where the benefits . I do not see it. Host the share of the gross the mets sick product is 15. 5 . Art is in columbus, ohio. Go ahead. Caller how are you doing . Anytime i hear the word progressive, i get red flags thrown up in front of my face because progressive is Woodrow Wilson steel wilsons deal. I also have another question for you. Why did you change the name of nafta if it was doing so well . Plus, where i live at, we have a lot of textile industries. Every bit of it has gone overseas. We used to have a lot of aircraft industries. It has gone to mexico. Just a lot of jobs that used to be here in my hometown we had trial broke your. Marlborough. There shipping them off to china and assembling them here. They are not made in the United States here. I do not think that youre Free Trade Agreements work as well as you think they are. The facts do not sustain them. Guest thank you for your question. I will say that there have been particular changes in particular industries and textiles and apparel are one of those. We have lost jobs in that sector. And the trade agreements and the globalization . It is more globalization when you look at it. Our freetrade agreements are helping us level that Playing Field. Companies here in the United States and around the world have lots of places to choose where to invest. In fact, one of our Top Priorities is to make United States the best place for manufacturers to invest around the world. There are lots of factors that they look at in deciding. The United States is growing and we have seen a resurgence in manufacturing investment in the United States, both the message and foreign. That is the real positive. Our failure to do more trade agreements is hurting that equation. We are losing really good manufacturing investment to mexico. Not because of nafta, but because mexico has a trade agreement with brazil. If you are shipping certain products to brazil, which is pretty high tariffs on most of our products from United States, you can sell cheaper out of mexico to brazil. It makes more sense for some manufacturers to men back sure there to manufacture their rather than here. We have to change that and we need trade agreements and we need tp a because that is actually the solution. Host should Industries Like the textile industry he protected here in the u. S. . Guest i do not think that they require protection. What they require is a level Playing Field. They require an end to unfair competition. For example, with china, we talk a lot about china. The problem with china is that we import four times as much from china as we export to them. Theyre growing from tiny tiny numbers since slightly less tiny numbers. That is not going to get it done and create jobs here in the United States. I think one of the problems that we have i think one of the problems we have we talk about these trade agreements there really deals they give special protection. For example, companies have special dispute protections. If they think their right to a profit has been in friends, they will sue. For example, Phillip Morris sue the government of uruguay when the country put anti smoking provisions. This is the example of the kind of things that well get out of these dispute mechanisms. It will cause a Chilling Effect on negotiations, not just in uruguay in the United States, but all the countries. Guest investment is a really complicated issue, im glad robert by up. U. S. Companies are overseas. Much like how european and Asian Countries are coming to the u. S. They want to reach the foreign consumer, worked on accessing Natural Resources that our economy needs in the United States. Theres a lot of talk and mixing up about outsourcing. Lets look at the reality. U. S. Companies that invest overseas are the biggest purchasers of u. S. Exports. Thats what they do they bring products for the United States. This does not count research and development, Technology Jobs are created. The sales that those foreign subsidiaries make overseas, less than 10 of them come back over here. There really directed at reaching for consumers. We do not have an investment deal with china. Lets get down on the table. That is being negotiated. These investment agreements, the provisions in them, are the sort of things that all americans understand. We do not want that foreign country to discriminate against us. We dont want that foreign country to see their property without due compensation. We dont want that Foreign Company to these are basic rules in our constitution and laws. Dispute settlement mechanisms, weve had thousands of agreements, the u. S. Has been part of less than 30 cases, and we have want everyone. It is really about when you are a solar manufacturer and you go into the Czech Republic and you have not signed agreement with that country, that you will be able to charge x, y, and z then the Czech Republic says, thank you for your investment, we will not pay you everything you wanted. Does that producer want to go to czech court . Its like the Seattle Seahawks player going to arizona on sunday and realizing that all the referees are new England Patriots fans. Dispute settlement is neutral and run by un agencies and world bank. There are rules, no conflict of interest. The u. S. Has led the rule in transparency, we hope to see more out of that. It is something we hope to see out of the tpp talk in our talks with europe. Host we have charles on the republican line. Charles . You are on the air. Were going to have to move on. We will go to the next call, ron and connecticut, independent. Caller how do you do . First of all, we just saw apple return the largest profits in history since the beginning of time. Apple will do very well in its Current Situation. All of those products are manufactured in china. We could bring those jobs back, take americans a fair living wage, and apple could still benefit greatly. I have two other brief points. Host we will stick with at one point. Walk us through apple and how it would benefit from tpa or tpp, and what my heard what my might hurt it. Guest apple assembles the iphone and other products in china. The Congressional Research service did a great analysis of the value chain of the apple product. It found that three quarters or more of the value was produced by u. S. Workers, both in technology, software, design, but also the glass is produced in kentucky by one of our Great American manufacturers. They should back off from the United States and china where it is processed and assembled into the iphone. The value of that is really coming back to u. S. Workers and higher paid u. S. Workers in manufacturing and technology, and beyond. They are able to do it i dont work day to day with apple, you have to talk to them about their choices, but they havent made a competitive and innovative product. So much of what we seen has been this ability to take the best of what is around the world and put it together. That is one of the great advantages that america has and continues to have, and we need these for Free Trade Agreements to do so. How do they help apple . They make sure the tariff on their product is eliminated and that these Foreign Countries will not allow their own companies rip off that intellectual property that is part of the Apple Ecosystem and the product it produces. They will ensure that when other countries regulate, they do what weve done in the United States since the beginning. We allow for Public Comment and transparency. We allow stakeholders from all sides to participate in the rulemaking. That is the basic American Values we want to export. Guest apple will benefit from the supposed Transpacific Partnership. They will be able to go to new countries and produce the goods using even cheaper labor. All of their products are produced in china currently. China has been growing so fast that wages are rising in china. Now, we will enter into an agreement with vietnam where the official minimum wage is . 60 per hour. They will be the lowballed competitor and they will be able to play vietnam off of china. There is no talk of bringing production back to United States. We need to look at investment. I have found a Big Multinational Companies, foreign and domestic, are generating a huge stair of u. S. Trade deficit. That is the bottom line. Host Linda Dempsey says a lot of the value of the iphone is derived here in the u. S. Would you agree with that . Guest no. I have done these tear down studies. It can be traced back to a japanese scientist. He looks where the parts were coming from, he did that by taking the phone part and he saw what brand the parts were. I think it was the ipod. It turns out, he did not ask where those companies were making those parts. Most of them were Big Multinational Companies that were producing in china. He was posted back in a later study and show that most of the jobs were actually in china. We have a simple way of answering this question. If most of the value is coming for the United States, we would see that going out as exports. Experts would be very large, we would have smaller levels of net exports from china, but thats not the case. We import four times as much from china as the export to them. Guest i have to say, i disagree in terms of how you characterize water export and import numbers are. Actually, import numbers overstate the value, and export understates the value. There is work being done the wto right now to see if we can get a better understanding as to where the value is with our trading system. What i see, and i talk to companies at the National Association of manufacturing, 90 of the companies we represent our small. I talked to the companys employees and what they tell me is that it is critical that we eliminate the tariff and discrimination that we see in overseas markets. You talk about it yourself the Playing Field is not level. How will we solve that . Trade Promotion Authority sets up the rules that we want to see around the world. Then, the trade agreements actually bring those solutions home. You talk about apple moving to vietnam because of tpp, they could do that today. That is globalization and the Global Economy. We want to see solutions. We have seen growth based on the trade agreements that we assigned. For you, who want to talk about deficits, we have a trade surplus with those countries. Why is doing more of these trade agreements a bad thing . I think it is good and so door manufacturers. Host terry, michigan, democrat. Caller this is robert. Robert, who are writing these trade rules in the trade agreements . Is it the companies that would benefit . Sulindac, to be having investments that the companies would benefit from any trade agreement . If they do, that is a conflict of interest, i believe. Bernie sanders, youre my hero. Guest thank you, terry. That is a great question, who is negotiating these deals. These changes are being negotiated in secret, especially the current one, the Transpacific Partnership. It is a crime to polish what is in these agreements because the u. S. Has made them protective. They do not want to disclose what they are doing. Some have come out in wikileaks, but the principle is that only people with a security clearance can see them. There is an Advisory Committee that consists of about 500 representatives of large corporations that do have access to the texts, and they are giving advice on a daily basis to trade representative. They are the ones who are detained the terms of the agreement to undermine safety regulations, etc. They are getting them straight from the horses mouth. Fewer than 10 of the cleared advisors are representatives of labor and consumer groups. Guest that people negotiating this our government officials, working night and day. They are flying coach around the world, sharing hotel rooms because of limited government budget. They are among some of the most hard working American People that ive met. Theyre talking to all of us, to the Business Committee to ngos, to labor groups. As far as this cleared Advisory Committee, there are many ngos on that, more than 10. There are business representatives, including Small Business representatives, though i will say, it is much harder for Small Businesses to come to washington where all the meetings have to be in order to advocate. Usr would tell you that they have done over 50 meetings on tpp. People say, why is it hard to negotiate in public . It is hard to negotiate in public. They are trying to get really good deals and they are listening and talking to everyone about this. One of the ways to see what is it that we are talking about all of our prior Free Trade Agreement have been released. The priority that the administration is seeking has been released. This is where congress can play an important role. They get to set the negotiating objectives. It needs to step up and Work Together so they can form a partnership. In terms of financial investments, you have to talk to my husband. Host from usa today this morning obama trade push strains democratic alliances. The present them is pushing for tpa and tpp. Guest i think it is interesting that the president seems to be relying primarily unsupported from the republican side of the aisle to advance his trade agenda. I do not think by any means that it is a slamdunk. I think there are concerns from both sides of the aisle as to what these negotiations mean. Certainly, democrats are closer to that end they care more about lost jobs, downward wages. Mr. Reid said unambiguously that he would not move the president s trade negotiation or fast track, tpa. Now, with republicans in charge, the present them has asked for their authority. I think there are number of republicans that do not want to give the present them a blank check to negotiate whatever sort of trade deal that he wants. Many republican members are also hearing complaints from workers who have lost their jobs and see downward pressure on the wages. I think it is an open question. Host two more calls. Go ahead. Caller good morning. Im a retired educator and through the years i have noticed that there is a Certain Group in this country this is not conspiracy. There are people who prefer to work with their minds, call them the College Educated, who have forest the same perspective on people who like to work with her hands, the skilled labor. Those College People are still in control and i do not think they look out for the best interest of the workers. I know i have oversimplified this, but if you think about it, and you never have on people who are actual workers. You have people who are College Educated and speak for those people who work with their hands. Host you said you are a retired what . Caller retired educator. Im listening to these people today and i do not think that they really care about the skilled workers in this country. They talk about it but if they really cared about them, that would be their primary concern. I have seen kids in high school who preferred the vocational track, and were taken out of that because they cannot pass the College Interest test. They never wanted to go to college to begin with, they want to work with their hands. Host i think we got your points. We have a lawyer and a phd onset. Have either of you ever worked in a factory . Guest i worked in agriculture growing up and overseas, less so on the shop floor. Let me tell you that the nam, the Manufacturing Institute that we work with, really believes in what your collar is saying about the need to create incentives and opportunity for people who want to work with their hands and on the shop floor. Manufacturing today is very different than it was 20 years ago or beyond. These are exciting jobs, jobs that pay higher than the average wage in the United States. There exciting just read it to produce things. We have a Manufacturing Day in october where manufacturers open the doors and bring in students. We want to see more that. People need to make the choices as to where they will have great job. We need more manufacturing workers in the United States. Like i said, we have over 16,000 jobs unfilled because we do not have skilled workers. Guest i want to thank you for everything you had done to educate americas youth. I think we have let you down and the students down because we have not done a good job of helping high schools transition. For example, the germans spend about 20 times as much as we do in this country on training workers and creating apprenticeships so that people can make that critical leap into a high skilled job. We do not do that nearly as well. I do have experience and work my way through college. I worked in an aluminum mill. I was a member of the steelworkers union. Im very concerned about the loss of manufacturing jobs and have worked, as linda has. Host what about Linda Dempseys point. Guest certainly manufacturing is more high tech, no question. Manufacturing still the source of a disproportionately large number of jobs without a College Degree. About 10 percentage point more without a College Degree that pays a good wages, and the benefits are much better. Host last call. Rob from oregon. What is the name of the town . Caller the dalles. It seems like both sides of the aisle are calling for job creation. It would seem like giving the president trade authority would be a great step forward. I think the present them mention in his state of union that about 95 of World Consumers live outside of the United States. Perhaps you could clarify that. It seems like United States is being left on the sidelines as the rest the world is negotiate trade deals. Were facing higher tariffs and other bears the competition. We need to be in this game and i think trade Promotion Authority would be a greatway that we are part of this Global Economy. It seems like a no brainer and i would hope that congress would take steps forward and said the president something he would actually sign to keep our economy going. Guest you make an excellent point. The World Economy other countries are not standing by. There they are negotiating these deals that exclude us, and would mean higher tariffs. 95 of the worlds consumers live overseas. 70 of they has 70 of the world purchasing power. There are nearly 3 times of what we buy here in the United States outside of our borders. We need a bigger share of the economy. Trade agreements are the solution to leveling the Playing Field and make it fair for the u. S. To lead so that we can produce those high paying jobs here in the United States and growing manufacturing. Guest we need to create jobs in this country. Unfortunately, trade Promotion Authority will not help us do that. The reality is, tariffs around the world are very low. We have had dozens of rounds of trade negotiations which eliminate tariffs on many goods. The real action the trade deals that we are negotiating today are on non trade barriers like investment, intellectual Property Rights, rules of the road. The way these agreements are being negotiated now will hurt American People and consumers. We need to take advantage of these negotiations to level the Playing Field and compete with workers around the world. As i described the other day, many things are impeding our ability at least 20 countries around the world are manipulating their currencies. If these countries really want to do a deal with United States, they should be willing to give up those currency manipulation policies before entering into this agreement. Those are the kind of terms that we ought to demand before we give these countries special access the United States. Host robert scott and Linda Dempsey, thank you. Coming up, to more segments on the washington journal. We will turn our attention to the increase in hair when used in the United States. After that, we will look at the economic well being of the so called millennials. } this sunday on q a. They do not have their frontal lobes fully developed. The cause and effect consequences are not so readily available. Also, do not forget that a lot of hormones are changing in the bodies of those young men and women. The brain has not seen these yet until you hit teenage years. The brain is trying to learn how to respond to these new hormones that rolling around and locking onto receptors and synapses. It is sort of trial and error. I think this contributes to the roller coaster kind of experience that we watch as parents. Sunday night at 8 00 eastern. Here are some of our future programs for this weekend on the c span networks. On c span twos book tv let us know what you think about the programs youre watching, call us at 202 626 3400, email us or send us a treat. Washington journal continues. Host we want to introduce you to rob morrison. What is it that your organization does . Guest we serve as the voice of state agencies across the u. S. Each state has an agency that oversees and implements data on the drive system on prevention and recovery. We represent them in washington, d. C. Host how much is being spent on Drug Prevention . Guest we know that on the treatment site about 24 billion was spent over all on treatment. The federal subsidy prevention block grants is about 1. 8 billion. That is the single largest source that goes to all states. 20 of that block grant goes to prevention about 300 million or 400 million. Host is it enough in your view . Guest i do not think it is enough. What we know is that treatment prevention saves dollars and it saves lives. It is estimated that for every dollar of treatment, you can bring back at least four, if not seven. A lot of the cost deal with the criminal justice system. It is far cheaper to provide treatment than to allow someone to go into the criminal justice treatment. Those costs are also in terms of families, the human cost is hard to measure. Host how did you get into this line of work . Guest i worked forced on capitol hill for senator. He was an incredible leader and worked on a number of issues, including tobacco and drinking. He worked on dui standards. I was hired from his office to work in 1998 for this organization on Public Policy issues and working with congress as a liaison. I came back into someone and stay with the organizations and the. Host is heroin use on the rise in the u. S. . And why . Guest yes. We know that over the past two years we have seen increases in admissions to treatment for people citing her as their drug heroin as their drug of choice. That is a number that we need to Pay Attention to. We need to examine the fact that we also do not talk about heroin in isolation to larger problems. We have 23 Million People that we know who have a problem with alcohol or other drugs that requires treatment. We also know that less than 3 million actually receive service. We also talk and heroin, not in isolation, but as an opiate problem. Look at Prescription Drugs is also a matter. Host what about looking at legalization of drugs . Without lower the cost of drug treatment by legalizing drugs . Guest i do not know if it would be a cost benefit. Someone on my staff does look a cost benefit. We do know that drug and alcohol cost combined make up over 500 billion in our economy. Host how is that measured . Guest in terms of work productivity, medical costs, criminal justice costs, and others. It combines up to take up quite a bit of economic cost. The bottom line that we know for alcohol there have been calls to reduce the age from 21. Our associates sense that they should maintain 21 at the age for alcohol. Often people point to europe or other countries as having a better system because they just lower. What we do know from research at the National Institute on alcohol abuse is that there are a tremendous amount of problems due to alcohol. The age is not necessarily causing an easier way in terms of death, harm, or the like. Host colorado you know the situation in colorado. What is your group supportive or opposed to that . Have you seen any data that says anything. Guest data is coming out slowly. We know Washington State is also part of the initiative to legalize small amounts of marijuana for personal use. Part of the dollars will go toward a study to look at addiction rates. What are association has done is to make sure that people know the Public Health impact of using marijuana. You can become dependent on marijuana. In fact, marijuana is the most used illicit drug in the country. The number one drug used in the country is alcohol, of course to the tune of about 50 million. 59 use it to the point that it is host to where they are alcoholic. Rob morrison is our guest and we invited him on to talk about the rise of heroin. Well get to that i think you can tell from our general discussion that he can talk about drug and alcohol policy as well. We will put the numbers up if youd like to dial in and participate in this discussion. The reason we invited you in i want to get to this why is heroin use on the rise in the u. S. . Guest we think but need to confirm that there is a correlation between increased of Prescription Drug use and the use of heroin. We know that the cdc looked at recent heroin users and three fourths of them used opiate pain relievers, or cited them, as using before heroin. Weve also heard anecdotal stories about the cost they are cheaper. There is a lot to be listed there as far as causes. We know that each state has its own unique issues. It is very much a local issue. For example, methamphetamine in the 2000s, we saw that problem largely in the west. We thought come from california and make its way to mississippi. And never quite took hold in certain areas. It does speak to the fact that we have Regional Trends and trends in states. Regardless, our message is to make sure people understand the benefits of prevention and treatment. Host lets take some calls. Elizabeth, new york. Caller good morning. I know that heroin has been used in the United States going back a long time. Back then, it was not taken my pills. It was injected into a needle. Could you tell me if because our borders are so lax with security, does that play a part in the drugs coming into the United States . Guest border security, thanks for the question. I know the office of National Drug policy, he cites the importance of a balanced approach towards drug policy. That includes prevention, treatment, recovery. I am personally not an expert on the Board Security aspect. We do know, we see more articles talk of the influx of heroin from mexico, in addition to other sources that have always been a source of heroin, including afghanistan and other places. The bottom line is what were trying to do is make people know that there are resources available. If we do our job to help people make good decisions, that is a key aspect. Host why has he it gotten cheaper . Guest as to the callers question, i think theres more of it. We have to look at those issues more deeply and why. And keep at what we know we can do on the treatment and prevention. Host k from california. Caller i wondering why our government is paying the government of mexico to supposedly keep the drugs from coming in to california. Our attorney general and the governor are doing absolutely nothing. Our state is saturated with drugs and with crime. It is a disgrace that our country can not do something about this. This has been going on for 25 years now. I am a nurse and worked in the gel. When you talk about heroin increase, i can remember the terrible situation that we had with heroin. Nobody seems to do anything about this. I would advise you, since you are in this business, that you really need to know what is going on in california. All these border states. About the flow of drugs. I am very old now, but it breaks my heart to see what is happening to our young people. Guest thank you for the call. What we have done as an association is ask our members back in 2012 about what they had been doing about Prescription Drugs. We added questions about heroin. Just adjust and 14, we released the inquiry about the information that we found. About 40 states identified Prescription Drugs as the parties. 37 states that the heroin was also top priority. What we have also seen is that states are working in an inter agency way to make sure that agencies are working together, including Law Enforcement. We need to support our Law Enforcement officials and work with and collaborated collaboratively. I go across the country and people promote recovery the people who promote recovery and treatment are Law Enforcement. Host are the parts of the country with use of heroin is becoming an epidemic . Guest i think over the past five years, we saw more than in the new england area. I went to vermont to go to a state house at event after the governor announced that his state of the union was going to focus on the open problem. Host he nearly he spoke nearly his entire speech on heroin. Guest he did. It was very moving. Also, there have been high profile does actor Philip Seymour hoffman. It is cropping up everywhere per our inquiry. 37 states increased emissions to treatment for heroin. That indicates that it is not just in one pocket, but elsewhere as well. Host leroy, colorado. Caller two questions real quick. Being a conservative, and living on a reservation, we have seen an increase of drugs and alcohol. While the federal government do anything about it . Also, i was against the marijuana additions here in colorado. I know brings in revenue, but isnt it also bad for Young Children . Host what would you like to see the federal government do when it comes to drug abuse, prevention, etc. . Caller i think the penalty should be a little more severe. It affects the children on the reservation. Working on the reservation in the four corners area, it is normal to see at 12 or 13 year old person Walking Around with a can of budweiser. Guest thank you for your points. On marijuana, we are very concerned about kids and the perception of harm. What with the now is a downward trend in the number of kids who think that marijuana is harmful. In the past we saw that, there was something called the monitoring the future survey, done by the university of michigan. We have seen a correlation in use. If kids do not think there is a negative health impacts, more will use. We have seen a trend previously and were seeing that now. We are very concerned about that. What we do as associations make sure that people have the information about the Public Health impact, in particular, about marijuana. Host the Clinton Foundation recently negotiated a lower rate, i believe, for an anti overdose drug. What is your position on the . Guest in september, the board of directors approved a statement that supports the narcan known as Good Samaritan laws in order to encourage the use of narcan. In the end, while we promote treatment, we cannot treat people if they are dead. That is a saying that you hear often. We need first and foremost, safety. I think the product you are talking about is literally a recording that walks the person through the steps that they need to take in order to save someones life. Nor can narcan itself has been being used for years. But getting the word out about the importance of saving lives is critical. We will see the president s budget on monday. It is our job to go to that budget. We saw congress allocate 12 million last year in the cromnibus to opiate treatment services. That is separate from narcan. What were trying out there is medication that helps people with opiate disorders, in addition to cognitive behavior therapy. These are very positive developments. Host what is an effective treatment for someone who is abusing drugs or alcohol . Guest we just named one. What we promote and what the National Institute on drug abuse has promoted is a range of services. Each individual will bring to the table a lot of different variables. There are tools out there that help to make sure that the appropriate screening is done. The appropriate assessment, and referral depending on a person severity. Their background, their health, other problems. In many cases, what we have learned is that for those who finally admit that they have a problem that is a difficult thing they may not have had a whole lot of healthcare prior to coming to the Treatment Center. The bottom line is having the right practitioner as well. Having trust is a critical factor to success. The right duration, again depending on the severity of the problem. Host do use the alcohol alcohol anonymous or narcotic Anonymous Services . Guest our state directors prefer people back to all the resources in their states. It is the federal agency that provides a helpline, and we make sure to do whatever we can to connect people to where services are. Host barbara in california. Caller i have a question. I lost two nephews to heroin. Can you tell me what we can do. To raise a child, you need parents and the city. Isnt there some way that we could all get together. Some way, all counties, and get on a path to save our area. Or is that too far fetched . I just wondered if that would not be helpful. Thank you. Guest absolutely. Two things, were seeing groups pop up more and more that need and should connect. That is very important of ensuring that legislators are aware of what is happening back to the district. Number two, across the country, we have what we Call Community antidrug coalitions. They are just that Community Coalitions concerned about the nations youth. They educate and they are across sector of parents, teachers, Law Enforcement. In fact, there will be a National Meeting of the committee National Drug coalition next week to learn about different strategies to employ to address alcohol and drugs and Prescription Drug use. A friend of mine is the leader of that team and they do a fantastic work. Host the next call comes from new york. Caller good morning. My question is about new york state providers are required to check before prescribing controlled substances. My question is if there is an increase in heroin use because of that, because people cannot go to a provider shop and get these controlled substances . Thank you. Guest in new york, and the governor there has done an incredible job. They put out a range of initiatives to make sure that there is across sector approach. What youre referring to as well is the script and drug Monitoring Programs. There are 49 in existence and they are at varying levels of operation. What we are working on is to help the Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs to talk to one another and make sure the activities in one state can share information with an activity in another state. Were looking at the impact of Prescription Drugs and heroin, that linkage, and why were seeing more heroin. I would also say addiction by nature is a progressive disease. We see folks in trouble with alcohol, drugs either increase the use or continued to search for other avenues again, progressive appetite. The bottom line is the actions taken by new york, and other states, has been really helpful to educate people about the problem. Host rob morrison, is there another program out there, maybe run by a small town or city that you would like to note as successful . Guest in terms of the Prescription Drug Monitoring Program which is designed to help physicians and practitioners when their prescribing to know whether someone is doctor shopping going to different doctors under the guise of pain, or the like, aand really it is to help feed their addiction. Kentucky has done a lot of work in terms of their Prescription Drug marketing program. The leader of their then dan ingram talked about the number of reductions in people acquiring Prescription Drugs, and having problems with addiction. That is but one of the number of people working on this issue. We did a report highlighting some of those initiatives. Host castle from ethel a soul from texas. Caller ddrugs ruin my 23 year old marriage. I had to make sure my sons did not get involved. I tried to get him go to rehab and he would not do it. That was the end of a 23 year old marriage. His life ended at 60 something years old. Now, this marijuana debate legalized everybody is using it and theyre ruining our children, our teenagers. They should not legalize it. If they have it for a medical concern, which i believe they should not have, it should be strictly monitored and make sure that is what it is for. Dont just sell it over the counter and killed the brain cells of our children. Id like to have you tell me how are they going to stop that . Or, are they . Thank you. Guest thank you for the question. You mentioned, not just the economic cost, but the human told that it takes. It affects families across the country. Again, over 23 Million People have a problem with addiction, many with marijuana. As you mentioned, it is very important for us to do the best a better job, to be honest, with our used to make sure they know there are Health Effects of using marijuana and they can be dependent. What i do as well is go across the country and i encourage people to go to a Treatment Center to see for themselves, people going through an addiction and treatment. A number of them depend on marijuana. It is an eye opening experience. Host jody tweets to you should we take our leave from the portuguese . Treat them, the ones who want off the white horse, or gel them and throw the key away . Guest for us, we provide treatment. I do not ever hear anyone recommending throwing away the key. In fact, like you said before, economically, it is in our interest to treat people. And even more so, prevent. We also have to remember that treatment is just one part of it. If you walk out of the Treatment Center, you dont have to turn back. We are working more on recovery. That is a difficult thing to do. You are often going back to the same neighborhood, the same friends doing the same habit. There is an organization that is growing and it is just that people in recovery standing up and talking about it. That is something were working on, getting people to be more comfortable to talk about addiction. Host rob morrison, thank you for your time. One more segment on the washington journal. We will turn our attention to the economic well being of the millennial generation. If youre watching c span yesterday, we had some hearings. One hearing feature the Armed Services committee in the senate. Here is a little that. [video clip] [chanting] arrest Henry Kissinger for war crimes. Arrest Henry Kissinger for war crimes. Arrest Henry Kissinger for war crimes. Please come to order. Arrest in the kissinger for war crimes. Arrest Henry Kissinger for war crimes. Can someone find out where arrest Henry Kissinger for war crimes. Arrest Henry Kissinger for war crimes. In the name of we dont want to hear from you anymore. In the name of the people from chile, vietnam, east timor, cambodia, laos. Id like to say to my colleagues and to our distinguished witnesses this morning, i have been a member of the committee for many years. Ive never seen anything as disgraceful and outrageous and despicable as the last demonstration that just took place. You are going to have to shut up or i will have you arrested. If we cannot get the Capitol Hill Police in here immediately gget out of here at you lowlife scum. [applause] so, henry doctor kissinger, on behalf of both sides of the aisle and all of my colleagues, i would like to apologize for allowing such disgraceful behavior towards the man who served his country with the greatest distinction. I apologize profusely. Washington journal continues. Host from time to time we have a segment on washington journal called america by the numbers, looking at some statistics on america and how it is faring. Host mr. Vespa, how do you define a millennial . Guest we wanted to put out an interactive tool that would let us look at how baby boomers compared to millennials. For millennials, what we need what we mean our young adults today. The segment of the population that is eight teen to 24 years old. Host and the comparison you put was from the 1980s when the socalled baby boomers were in that range. What did you find . What is your bottomline when it comes to comparing millennials to the 1980s . Guest one of the things that surprised us was that, on the one hand millennials seem to be doing better today, economically, then baby boomers did. There are more likely to have a College Degree. But on the other hand, millennials more millennials are unemployed and living in poverty. Host joining our conversation is erin currier, of Pew Charitable trusts. Why did the Census Bureau find what they were finding . What is your analysis of that . Guest there are summary things happening with millennials right now. Our generation is buffeted by the unique historical, economical, social context in which they grow up and become of age. For millennials, we are seeing that they enter the labor force, they are becoming young adults just at a point when the economic downturn happened. Now, in the recovery and the aftermath. And that has huge implications for the way that they experience the economic growth. Host ms. Currier, when you look at the data, were millennials doing well in the 1980s . That was a bit of a bad year as well, wasnt it . Guest it is true, the 1981 recession was at play for baby boomers. The difference here, i think, is also the social context. They are entering the labor force and appeared in which a College Education has never been more important. But it has also never been more expensive. And so, they are really grappling with the cost benefit analysis of how to succeed in the labor market with this backdrop of really high unemployment and a question of whether it is worth it. Host you are going to put the numbers up on the screen. We have divided them by age. We are talking about the economic wellbeing or advancements or nonadvancements of the millennial generation. You can see the first number up there is for our millennials, 18 to 34. 202 7488001 for if you are in the 18 to 39 range. And our baby boomer line 202 7458002 for is your number to call. Jonathan, is todays millennial generation better off than their parents overall . Guest so, one of the things that we looked at four the senses explore was earnings. What are millennials with fulltime jobs earning compared to what their parents were earning when they were young. We see that young adults today are earning about 2000 less than they were then young adults were earning in 1980. And this is for fulltime workers. That is a substantial distance difference. But this is not just a national trend. We are seeing that some states, young adults are actually earning more than their parents were when they were young. I think that we have a slide on that. Host you have this chart here. Young adults earn 2000 less today than young adults did in 1980. Why is that . Is it jobs . Different markets . Guest there is a lot going on. We can see that earnings havent really grown over the last 80 years. The other thing that is important to keep in mind here is that millennials have a lot of diverse experiences. Within that generation, there are a lot of people who are asked a doing really well. Who are exceeding the earnings and incomes of their parents, while at the same time, you also have higher rates of poverty. I think that just shows that while it is helpful to think about them as a generation based on their age, there is still a lot of diversity in this group. Host when you look at all this data, what is the significance of it . Why should we care . And what kind of policies do think me be developed may be developed . Guest we have been studying the health and status of the American Dream for a few years now. And the reason we care is because americans care. This idea of being able to work hard, play by the rules, and get ahead is something that is really a big part of our national if those. So, americans in general want to be able to see every generation of american succeed. They want to be able to see that people can work hard, get an education, have a job, and that the earnings will be reflective of that hard work. But the policy solutions are wide ranging. Unfortunately, there is not a Silver Bullet here. We really have to think holistic way about all the things that are going on. So that will be neighborhoods, community developments, and as this report shows, theres a difference across the country. There is also going to be education, especially for post secondary education. And we are also really pointing towards savings and assets. This generation absolutely has to have some sort of financial cushion. Host jonathan vespa, walk us through the charts. Young adults today are more likely to have a College Degree, but more also live in poverty. Guest this is part of that National Story that we are seeing that when we break it apart, it it looks a little it looks a little different in different parts of the country. We see that about 20 of young adults today are living in poverty. That is higher than the National Rate for the population as a whole. And it is higher than young adults were in 1980. But at the same time, they also have more education. They are more likely to have a College Degree. Host and 22 of adults, young adults 18 to 34, have a College Degree . Host correct. Lets get some calls in. We want to make sure we get our callers involved. Jay is calling from santa cruz california. Caller hello. Yes, i would like to ask mr. Morrison if they could actually do a study on if the heroine im going to interrupt you because that was last segment. I apologize, we switched segments. Chris, we are talking with the Census Bureau and the Pew Charitable trusts about the millennial generation. Go ahead chris. Caller host you know what, we are going to have to move on from chris. Chris, reminder to turn down the volume on your tv. Erin currier, is a significant is it significant that a share of the young Adult Population is shrinking . Guest this is significant. This is part of a big shift happening across the country simultaneously to an increase in families of color. We are moving towards an era in which we will have the majority minority populations. This has really big implications for the ways we think about social programs, Social Security. We have a lot of money right now going towards older americans, and fewer resources being directed towards these younger families. Host chuck. Hi, chuck. How old are you . Caller hi, good morning. What was the question the echo im 74. Martin luther kings birthday. My comment is that maybe i have some advice for the young people. I retired at 35. Im not enjoying it as much anymore. My advice to them is to vote carefully. It my opinion in my opinion, we have a racist president. He is advantage in one sector of the population. And he is not even doing that very well. My advice is we need jobs because that is what i had an opportunity for. Host and chuck, what you think about those jobs coming back . Guest that is really simple. You just have to advantage the job creators. My wife used to have a Small Business, and if you give the businessman a lower Corporate Tax rate, he will take that money to create jobs because he wants to advantage himself with a product that is available for more and more of the consumers. And there will be more and more consumers if more and more jobs are created. Host thank you very much, sir. Appreciate that. Jonathan vespa, i asked erin currier about the young Adult Population shrinking as a percentage of the overall u. S. Population, but statistically speaking, the stats when you look at that does it put the funding programs in a little bit of hot water . Spam a lot of it guest a lot of it has been made about it lately. In a way, it is true in terms of raw numbers. But if we look back compared to how large the babyboom generation was baby boomers left a much larger footprint. They were a much larger share of the population. So her point is spot on here. Even though we have more adults in terms of raw numbers, they actually make up a smaller share of the population. Which means that the u. S. Population is aging at a faster rate than the young Adult Population is growing. Host nathan, st. Louis. They think, how old are you . Color them i am 23. Host im 20 and how will offer you . Caller im able to be my bills, but host are you able to pay your bills . Caller im able to, but i stopped going to college because of it. Host how would you compare your Current Situation to that of your parents when they were your age . Polygram i really dont caller my parents were working two or three jobs, and it is hard to find a job nowadays, but host nathan, are you working fulltime . Caller yes. Host do planner going back to school . Caller i really dont think so because im trying to get into real estate. So i dont really think that a College Degree would help me with that. I also think that the record levels of college debt that students have these days, i dont think college is really worth it. Host ok. Now, you have been very nice and letting the question you. What would you like to add . Caller yes, i just wanted to say that, you know, the amount of debt that students have these days when they get out of college, you know, the students, when they get a degree, it is hard for them to find a job. Host nathan, thank you for your time this morning. Erin currier. College and how that affects this generation. Guest there is no question that for those who have a large amount of debt, it is really difficult for them. Especially for people struggling, it feels like a mountain they cannot quite climb over. But if you look at this over the aggregate of everyone who has that, a lot of things is being made of the group that has huge amounts of debt but has a fouryear degree. What has less attention is being paid to the number of people who have maybe a small amount of debt. They are the most likely to default on the debt. Were talking about people who may be started a community College Degree, started a certificate program, and for whatever reason could finish, but took on all of the debt and they dont have the degree to sort of payoff the debt. So the student loan issue is a really comes wicked one. It is not just for people with high debt load, but we need to be a lot are saying Pay Attention to those down here who have just a little debt. Host maybe nathan, we dont know but he spent two years in college before he dropped out. Do what to add to that . Guest event touches on a really good point that he has a job now. And that makes a good point about where young adults are going after they graduate from college or after they decide to leave. When we put together the senses explore and compare these generations, we found that the transare different across the United States the trends are different across the United States. The millennial seem to be clustering around states on the eastern seaboard although there are some exceptions that stand out here. Every take a look at cities and metro areas, the top 10 that have the highest levels of on of unemployment, half of them are in just two states. North dakota and south dakota. That brings up an interesting question about how these experiences are local, and how young adults make those decisions. Host dan is a baby boomer in charlotte, north carolina. Caller hello, im 54, and my experience is, you know, if you read a book called coming apart, it talks about the experiences and how it affects ones satisfaction in life. I think were talking about that with millennials. I see more super achieving millennials running around doing extremely well, but i also see people that want to not conform. They feel entitled, whether it is tattoos, not dressing properly, not being able to speak properly. And they go into interviews and are upset because they cant get a job. I think that you can go to college and so come out and not know the basic rules. I wish there was an next to class in school that said, look if you would like to go to work for a become become you have to conform and assimilate and be a part of that group, rather than say im going to be in individual and complain about knocking hired. Host dan, are your children better off than you are . Caller i have one child. I have one child and still in school. But i assume that i know that my child, up to this point, has lived a much better life than i lived. And i can assure you we will be coaching her on how to be more successful than my wife and i are today. Host ok, we are going to continue to probe. Are you paying for her education . Caller i am paying for her education. Host so she will graduate with small debt or no debt, correct . Caller small debt or no debt come i will do whatever it takes. I think that when you look at also, i think another thing to look at is how early kids have children. I think if you if you are in high school or college, and you have already had a child especially a child out of wedlock, your chances of success go you know they are very, very small. Host we are going to leave it there. Erin currier, what did you hear from dan . Caller there are a few things. I think the first thing is the question of whether your kids will be better off than you, and what influences that. Interestingly, we have done some research looking at the different generations of americans and, in particular, we are looking at gen xers who are just a little bit older than millennials. They are between 38 and 45 now. When we look at them, we can see that they are less likely than the generation that came before them to exceed their parents income. They are less likely to exceed their parents with significantly higher levels of debt. That really poses a question about the financial secure the and the economic abilities that we will see with the millennials. I think your caller is really getting at that. There are some families were able to help, and there are some family that arent. And this creates really wide diversity. Host mr. Vespa, what are looking at here at this chart . Living in poverty. Guest one of the things we wanted to look at was to see how the generations have changed across time. We did hear from these six states, and we wanted to look at states that experienced some of the largest growth in two trends since 2000. And those two are young adults living in poverty, and young adults living in parents households. Host so what were seeing here is that 22 of the 18 to 34yearolds in ohio live in poverty. Guest that is right. Host we are seeing 35 in florida live with mom or dad or both. Guest thats right. And these are higher than what young adults are experiencing across the nation. These experiences are local. What we are seeing here, for the states, is no quit today is that these six states also were hit hard by the recent economic recession. Either in terms of the labor market in the midwest, or the Housing Market in california and nevada and in florida. Host gary says, i think somewhat tongueincheek, is that i want to see the young ones succeed. How else am i going to get that fat Social Security check in five years. Michael in new york. Michael, how old are you . Caller yes, think of her taking my question. Im considered greatly for the millennials and the extremist suicide rate. Could you please just please address that. Obviously, there is a great deal of bad news out there. Would please address the suicide rate in the millennials. Host is this anything you are familiar with . Guest unfortunately, no. Guest the Census Bureau does not gather statistic like that. Host pamela. How old are you . Caller good morning. 34. Host a College Graduate . Caller yes. Host a fulltime worker . Caller currently not a fulltime worker. However, i did manage to go to more than one college and get more than one degree. Im just hoping that currently with the opportunities for young people to go to school for free that that might help alleviate some of the financial circumstances that not only young people, unfortunately have the burden of, but their parents as well when they take out loans. Host now, pamela, are you do you have student debt at this point in your life . Caller i have a lot of student debt actually. That is what is preventing me from continuing my education because i would like to. My mother is not from this country. I am a first generation born american. And there was a lot of emphasis on education. She managed to do extremely well. And i want to excel the end what degree she had achieved. Host and one more question. Do you live with mom or dad at this point . Caller yes, i ask a still delivers my family. Im just tried to figure out how we are going to pay back the loans and still be able to continue my education. Host ok, stay on the line. Jonathan vespa, what did you hear from pamela . Caller we are seeing an interesting trend here, which is a growth in multigenerational households. Since the recession, it has grown by a couple percentage points. This is a newer trend across the country, as we see that new adults and older adults are trying to figure out exactly how they are exactly what they are going to be doing, like the caller was saying. Is she going to go back to college or transition to a job . Host pamela, where is your mother from . Caller she is action from central america. She had a lot of different educational opportunities, where she was able to work for this daily for the city. There were some programs that were in place when i was a lot younger in school. She was able to take advantage of as an adult. Sometimes you are finding these are lacking currently. So i have to make do without those. Internships and other opportunities via that source is what i was able to kind of maneuver to be able to work and reflect that i really do want to work, but simultaneously get some sort of education. Host pamela, do feel underemployed . What did you study, by the way . Caller i studied performing arts, and then i took another degree out for business. I feel underemployed because of the fact that, even when you have an education matching some of what is being requested by employers, they still want that experience. They are more willing to trust someone who has the expense, as opposed to someone who just has education. Host and korea. Guest i think what pamela is really talking about here is the question of whether making college free would be the Silver Bullet solution that we want to see in terms of families being able to achieve post secondary education. There is a lot of buzz right now around this proposal by president obama to make Community College free. From a data perspective, we would say, look, there is a ton of great evidence that the people who are most economically secure, the most economically mobile havoc, and that they have some post secondary education. And many of them have a fouryear degree. But there are also criticisms of this plan because it is in clear that the lack of graduation rates, the lack of retention of students in Community Colleges is because of the cost alone. Theres also this question of whether college is a colleges really need to be doing a better job of retaining the cost. Host and pamela mentioned her mother is from central america. From the Census Bureau, fewer young adults today are white. In 1980, the percent of the millennials who are foreignborn with 6 , today it is 15 . More than double. Also, the different languages spoken in the home. And nearly doubled as a percent of the lineals is minority rather than white. Karen treats in student debt affects the larger economy. Not buying homes, new cars travels, starting families, etc. But then jim says i had my first kid at 22. My two boys waited until 28 for kids. So we are seeing a trend in that direction. Guest definitely. Over the last few decades, we have seen an increase in the age in which young adults are marrying. And they are waiting longer to have children. When they do have children, they are having fewer children. I think some of this touches on the points the callers have made. A lot of this plays into the role of college and being College Educated. We know that the data shows us that the young adults who are most likely to marry and stay married are young adults who are College Educated. Host victor. Dallas. Good morning. As you probably heard, victor, you have to tell us how old you are. Caller hello. Im 48. I will be 49 next month. My Current Situation i work for a Small Company here in dallas. They are not doing too bad. But my question is, if you can answer this in the context of a recent book that came out about capital in the 21st century if you could answer my question in that context, if you are knowledgeable im sorry, say that again . Host the frenchman . Caller yes, sir. Does your study could answer the study of if your study be explained in the context of, you know, labor. Youre talking about the labor force versus corporate earnings and how you, you know, you have shown that you know, overall, the labor force has not made a very much progress demographically, as opposed to some other areas. Host victor, we got the point. Im not sure what we are talking about today covers that. Guest the one thing i was say about that is that when we look at economic mobility across generations, both in terms of income and especially in terms of wealth, we see that individuals who were raised in households that have high wealth are likely to have high wealth themselves. I think this is a little bit about what our caller is getting at. This idea that wealth generates more wealth. And you have a situation than where families with low income and low wealth, their children also have low income and low wealth. So a lot of policy attention is being paid right now to how to break that cycle. How to create better inequality. Host erin currier is with Pew Charitable trusts. And jonathan vespa. What we are talking about today. Where is the best place for the millennials to go. Host one of the best is census explorer, our young adult version. It has interactive maps, so they can see what the trends look like for the country, and also they look like in the neighborhoods where they live. The second would be census. Gov because all the statistics are there. Host mr. Vespa, thank you, as well. That closes out washington journal for now. Remember, this weekend it is booktv. This weekend live, alter isaacson. The bestselling biographer and historian. He will be live from noon until 3 00 p. M. Join us there. And every weekend, 48 hours of American History on cspan three. So you have alternatives to the political discussions that you often hear on this network. Thanks for being with us. Enjoy your weekend. [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2015] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] on this friday morning, some campaign 26 noons campaign 2016 news from capitol hill. Mitt romney it will speak to supporters. An email went out to supporters last night informing them of a Conference Call led by the 2012 republican