Transcripts For CSPAN Washington Journal 20141124

We will get more in depth on that. A question this morning is about the Border Patrol does it need more funding or more from congress . Here are the numbers. Democrats, 202 5853880. Republicans, 202 5853881. 5853882. S, 202 we also set a side a line for border state residents, 202 5853883. Us by want to reach social media, you can do that on twitter. Ur handle is cspanwj facebook, facebook. Com cspan. Get to the editorial from the boston globe. It is on Border Patrol. Responsibility as the changes of immigration policy takehome, the headline is the Border Patrol needs to clean up, not more funding. They write that the ebola crisis has sparked no small number of irrational statements, but one of the least sensible is the call to invest heavily in u. S. Border enforcement. Obamas highly anticipated plans for executive action on immigration were announced last thursday, including booster Border Security. Thinkingsecure, the goes, should be the policy priority. The United States has already piled additional billions into Border Security, creating customs and Border Protection, which is the Largest Law Enforcement Agency in the country, with 60,000 agents and staff. Agents havel doubled in years. A compelling piece in politico. The Green Monster. They write on the Border Patrol. This is the front page of politico. The most out of control law agency. A little bit of the report. They say the United States today sends spends more money on the border and Immigration Enforcement than the combined budgets of the fbi, the atf, dea, secret service, and u. S. Marshals. Plus, the entire nypd budget. It has paid for quite a force. Customs and Border Protection employs 60,000 total personnel, but also operates a fleet of , helicopters,s and drones. Largest cbt both the enforcement air force in the world and the equivalent of brazils entire combat air force. Do we need more resources . Do we need more funding or more oversight . We will get to more stories. Lets get to your calls first. This is renee. Go ahead. I want to say to everybody, other than california, you are what you call a sanctuary city. I do not think we need anymore. They are not enforcing the laws anyway. The president does not seem to what is causing a lot of problems here in california. The lawnot enforce anyway, so what is the point of putting more money into it . Host the Border Patrol in southern california, what do you see . The problem is with the Police Officers and the mayors and city councils, they are pro illegal immigrant. Upy are able to set businesses. It is the main problem here. What this president did to africanamericans is going to affect you. Really affect you. Living here in california, i it is hard first to find jobs. How much it is costing for Education Health care. To be in a lot of trouble once this goes into effect. You inre you finding particular, or the people you youlosing the people know are losing jobs to Illegal Immigrants . There is a lot of discrimination going on. If you cannot speak spanish out here, it is harder to find a job. For your call. Other stories todays the deadline day indiana. Iranian talks set to miss deadline. Powers. And other world say it will be virtually impossible to reach a deal to s Nuclear Activities by the monday night deadline. Already fractious the middle east, however, an extension looks headed for stiff resistance from both democratic and republican u. S. Lawmakers, who are questioning what the white house believes that can achieve in a fume a few additional months of talks that they could not in a year. We are taking your calls on the Border Patrol do they need more funding or more oversight . This comes from a piece in politico magazine. Here is sun valley, california. Welcome. There is so much thank you. You guys do a great service. Before i forget, one thing i never hear mentioned when we are talking about immigration is everify. Let me get to my point about the Border Patrol. Out of all of this talk about privatize a show in is the one program where i could see privatized. Blackwater doing the Border Patrol and having the drones do security and having them contracted out. A determinedtates the amount of money and have privatebids, higher contractors and secure the borders themselves. Host should the government reimburse, say texas, who employed Additional Resources on their border . It i do not know with the funding term would be. A standard amount of money for each of the border states for them to fund their own Border Security and have the Border Patrol do the border. I am a u. S. Citizen. At thehad my runins mexican border. One of them, i got stopped coming in. We went over for the fireworks of july. Ourth we had fireworks in the back of the truck. They stopped us. We were in their little room for 15 hours. They were threatening us with 15 years of jail. They tore the car apart, looking for more stuff. Finally, after they took our final earned dollars they took our 500. Host you are a citizen of the states . Caller yes. Is the headline. Obama executive action when they talk about the action last week. They say president obama on action on immigration will have a dramatic impact on Border Patrol agents. The Vice President of the nbpc, this issue will have an impact on the rankandfile of Border Patrol agents. The order will affect some 5 million migrants in the United States. These illegal aliens will not only be a liberal to be protected from deportation, but tol able will be able enter into the tax system. They need more time to analyze the executive order before discussing specifically how it will affect Border Patrol agents. The question for you is about funding versus oversight. Have a fourth line set aside for border states, 202 5853883. Lets go to paris, illinois. Good morning. We had one of our citizens cross into their border and they put him in jail for 200 something days. Send 25 million of our people and let them walk across the border to their side. Host betty, democrats line. Caller hello. Make sure you mute your television or radio and go ahead with your comment. I am so sorry present obama did what he did on immigration. We do not need that. Realize, jesse jackson, al sharpton, that crew, when the constitution was passed, we blacks, the slaves, to have a meal and five acres of land. Miami is ran by the cubans. People have all of the drug lords. There are enough of them here now. If you say you are not going to join, they will shoot you. We have so many killings. If he were up for reelection this year, i would not vote for obama. Congress recessed last friday. When they did, the House Intelligence Committee released a report on benghazi. They dismissed some benghazi myths. It came out friday. The Intelligence Committee dismissed on friday a number of the most persistent myths about at aerrorist attack diplomatic outpost in benghazi. Mike rogers found the u. S. Government did not fail to send assistance to the americans under seized by islamic militants and there was no stand down order from the state department. They also dismissed the notion that there was an intelligence failure that allowed the attacks to occur. Of individuals involved with al qaeda were probably involved with the attacks. Shows, senator graham of South Carolina was asked what he thought about the House Intelligence Committee report. Here is what he said. [video clip] they are doing a good job of looking at benghazi as a whole. Yes or no . No, i think the report is full of crap. Why . Deputy director of the cia, when i asked him if he knew who changed the talking ports ,ith senator ayotte and mccain and they said the fbi changed the talking points when it came to references of al qaeda, only later we found out that mike morel was involved in changing the talking points, the Deputy Director of the fbi, when he was sitting in front of a Congressional Panel and he was asked to change the talking points, he sat silent. You are saying the Intel Community is lying to the House Intelligence Committee, the administration is not exonerated no, i am saying the House Intelligence Committee is doing a lousy job policing their own. Anyone who has followed benghazi knows that the cia Deputy Director did not come forward to Tell Congress what role he played in changing the talking points and the only way we knew he was involved was when he told a representative of the white house i am going to do a hard review of this, a hard rewrites. Not say he substantially rewrote the talking points. And who told susan rice the compound consulate was substantially strong and secured . She said that. Lindsey graham on state of the union. Our question deals with the Border Patrol. Do they need more funding or more oversight . Based on the reporting on politico and the piece in the boston globe. For your input, call. Democrats, 202 5853880. Republicans, 202 5853881. Independents, 202 5853882. Our border state line is 202 5853883. Panwj is our cs handle. Border patrol has been catching more illegals than ever in history, isnt that the definition of a secured border . I want to thank the president for doing what he did last week. The republicans complain and cry about everything. That is all they do. Anything president obama does, they are against it. The borders are secure, more than they have ever been. They want to stand in the way of progress, so it will not appease them. Host parry, lexington, nebraska. I am sorry, jerry, go ahead. A major packing house came in here in the early 1980s. The population is about 70 hispanic. Now, we have this sudanese and somalias in here. The crime rate has skyrocketed. Gangs to a do you attribute that failure on the part of the Border Patrol . Caller they have to get over here somehow. The gangs and the crime rate has skyrocketed. They are taking all of the construction jobs, the roofing jobs. They are fanning out across now. They are fanning out across the area. , you will not be able to live safe in this area. The Green Monster is the name of the extensive piece of by politico. Il was tryingat gu to make it through the night without being woken. Ofcould have used a week quiet as he began to figure out the largest Law Enforcement 46,000with the guncarrying custom officers and Border Patrol agents. A Border Patrol agents single gunshot 1500 miles from washington interrupted kerlikow skes sleep. The agency does not even bother to release details on most shooting incidents. This was not a regular shooting incident. They go into some of the details. You can read more at politico. Com. Good morning. It is important to keep in perspective that this is a country of immigrants. The Border Patrol is doing the best they can. It is an all hands on deck effort. Action the executive will strengthen the economy and make society safer when everyone feels like they have their participation valued. Host randy, fort worth, texas. Caller thanks for taking my call. Washington, d. C. Is talking pay increases to increase morale. That is not we need in texas. A lot of people do not realize the originalr, border, has been moved back 45 miles. The Border Guards cannot react until the people are already over the border. What washington, d. C. Needs to do is enforce the laws, move the Border Guards back to their original destination, where they can stop them before they get over the border. Do not have that. Washington, d. C. Is failing. Host here is a tweet from jan who says how about the checkpoints set up 90 miles from the border. You are making the same point. Caller exactly. We need to enforce the laws. President obama has failed us many times. The American People need to realize this is what he wants. Amnesty is not going to work or help this country. Immigration is great. My wife is from the philippines. We went through the process to get her a green card. I am for immigration, but not for ilLegal Immigration. We need to have the proper procedures for immigrants coming into the country. Are you saying most of the border, the screening stations are far removed from the border itself . Caller exactly. That is how the Border Guards are being overwhelmed and that is how the illegals are getting over the border. But byder guards react, the time they react, they are already over the border. Americanady are on soil, so we have to allow them in. Host thank you for your call. On thet from nbc Inspector General. Border patrol waste 17 million on luxury houses for agents. A badderal government has habit of overspending on items they could get at lower rates. They buy 16 muffins for a breakfast meeting, the pentagon pays 1000 for seven dollars control switches. The latest questionable spending comes from u. S. Customs and Border Protection, which has spent at least 17 million on a Housing Project in ajo, arizona. In a september report from nbc and from the Inspector General, a new Inspector General report found the agency spent more than 600,000 each on houses that were priced nearly seven times higher than market value. Sold for less that 100,000 last year, meanwhile, cbp also spent around 2. 4 million on 20 mobile homes, 18 of which are sitting vacant. , largo, florida. Welcome to washington journal. Caller i want to talk about money as well. It seems like all of our congressmen and the knitters are only worried about getting a leg did, they are not worried about the overspending. It does not bother them. I do not know why. Why are we giving mexico so much money . What good is it doing . Theyre sending all of their people to us. Catherine, ohio, democrats line. I do not think they need more funding. They need more oversight. My statement is this we speak of these people as being illegals. These are gods children. We spoke the same way about 1600s,eople in the 1700s, 1800s, and even the 1900s. These people come here for a job. We need to make them legal, so that they cannot undercut regular jobs. We need to pay them. They need to be legal. This, as a bornagain christian, if you cannot get along with a black person here, or a brown person here, then you do not need to go to heaven. In heaven, gods people will be all shades. People, i am disgusted by the way people talk about other races of people like we are gods chosen people. We are not. We are just white people trying to make it day to day. Thank you to cspan. You bring an issue out to the forefront the need to be brought. Thank you. Host a tweet here from fred. The federal government needs to cut spending by 1 , but become more efficient. And notatrol stand down do their job. Jackson, tennessee, independent line. I am independent. They do not want us to have health care. I do not know how they got elected. Thank you. Host nikki, lake have a sioux nikki, lake havasioux. Caller we need to have more then Border Patrol. More than Border Patrol. If you come over here and get a job. Host your impression of the job are doing, doms they need more funding or oversight . What i am saying is it does not have as many people coming over the borders. You will become a citizen. It does not make any sense. Host ferguson awaits decision. Also a story from cleveland. Avoid with fake gun killed by police. It turned out to be a replica gun. Responding to a 911 call in which they set a juvenile was scaring people with a gun that was probably fake. In the torso at a Recreation Center on saturday afternoon. Lives upended by uncertainty. , fewerury in shooting thanksgiving orders, including for pump and pod. Across the region, school and this traders debating whether to start holiday recess early because of the potential for unrest. In clayton, the hub of the st. System, the justice Crowne Plaza Hotel has heightened security precautions. The breakfast buffet was relegated to an outoftheway ballroom. The thanksgiving season and for many, life itself in limbo as people wait to learn whether a grand jury will indict a white Police Officer in the Fatal Shooting of an unarmed teenager, michael brown. President obama was interviewed by george stephanopoulos. He was asked about the potential for outbreaks of violence after a grand jury decision. Here is part of the conversation. [video clip] crowds beingceful overrun by a few folks. What i have done is called the governor of missouri to make sure that he has a plan to andond in a careful appropriate way to any potential violence. The vaste to sort out majority of Peaceful Protesters from the handful who are not. In the end, what i have , if we do a better job of training Law Enforcement, then over time, trust can be built, in part because minority communities are subject to meeting Law Enforcement more than anybody. They want to make sure the police are trained so they can distinguish between a gang banger and a kid who happens to be wearing a hoodie. Host president obama at the white house today. The distinguished and high achieving word award ,o meryl streep, Stevie Wonder ethel kennedy, and john dingell. He is also honoring stephen sondheim, tom brokaw and isabel allende. Thisll have Coverage Later afternoon. Rachel, next, dallas. Caller i was wanting to say that i do not think they should add more Border Patrols to the border because the border is as drug dealers. Why are they focusing on the hispanic culture and not other cultures here going up our buildings and doing other things to our country. Where is all of the focus on that . There is none. Jobs in everything, there are plenty of jobs out there. My husband is a mexican. He has no papers. He works every day from 5 00 until 11 00 at night. No one wants to be in the cold and in 100 degree weather. The focus needs to be somewhere else, not just on the hispanics. It is very aggravating. Host does the Border Patrol need more funding or oversight . They conclude the editorial with comment. They spend a disproportionate amount on border and Immigration Enforcement. It is up to them to clean up their act and create more transparency and change the culture. Out, go ahead. Al, go ahead. Black man. M a the indians, the mexicans, the aztecs, all of them were in the country, south america, united want to deny them to come here to work, just like the irish and italian took boatloads over here. Like the one lady from ohio said lack folk white folks are not heaven chosen people. Black people need to find our place. This is not our land. When them Nuclear Bombs rained down on the united fades, it is going to be terrible. Isy the ones within god going to rise up and start over again. Do,can do what you want to but i want to go back to africa. I want to see all of the mexicans in the world come to the United States. Host republican line, go ahead. Caller i want to make a few points. The United States government does not spend its money wisely. We are spending more than we ever had before. That is irrelevant. Everyone knows they are not securing the border. Means, thougher Border Agents are not on the borders. They had been pulled back. In arizona,south , you see and 60 miles saying be careful, proceed with caution, you are against armedin agents. Our country is being overrun. Host do you think those fears are warranted . Caller of course they are. You have drugs coming across the country, people bringing illegal. Eople in you have a drugs, people transported illegal. Remember when president obama first took office, he had shovelready projects. Is a project. You get the corps of engineers down there and you have them survey were the walls should be built and you start hiring people that are no longer arking and you do construction project and you build the physical wall. It has already been proven on arizonaalifornia, borders, where there is a physical wall, they do not come through that section. Is there any of that wall or extended fencing on the arizona border . Caller a portion of it does. They go to the sections that are not that do not have the walls. Host heres a tweet about secured orders. Border means no one gets across the border, period. Democrats line, go ahead. Caller when you listen to the disinformed individuals that , theulate ideas, concepts technological aspects of how our nation is going to secure our borders, it is utterly ridiculous. It is almost astonishing. You can use micro drones, these are the drones that fly up, they provide realtime imagery for the United States government, to secure the aspects of sure these individuals coming along and you match that to our military so that they can lines. The border here is the reality for the American People. Is not a southern government that does not secure their borders using their military. The United States of america is a technological government. We should be using my drones dronesld use these micro to secure the parallels along ar border systems and provide response from the United States government. It is so ridiculous when i hear all of these the rhetoric becomes almost laughable when you look at the mechanisms of how a nation is going to secure their borders. We are asking about more funding or more oversight of the Border Patrol. About 10 minutes, a little bit less time left for your phone calls. Will have to figure finish up work for december 11. Another issue that have been looking into, the House Oversight committee. Headline and the politics section of the politics section of the washington times, up to 30,000 lost learner emails possibly discovered. The Inspector General has told congress it may have discovered as many as 30,000 of the learner emails, despite heated insistence that they were beyond recovery. Investigators trying to figure at whether they can get the data and a readable format, a process that could take weeks. Miss learner ran the ire rest blocked that applications for nonprofit status. Tens of thousands of emails she sent or received have been turned over, but the irs said a computer crash caused the loss of potentially tens of thousands of other messages. Among those receiving the president ial medal of freedom today is john dingell the socalled dean of the house. Aside, his wife is ready to succeed. Debbie dingell has been her husbands fiercest protector. He announced he would retire after 60 years, he gave her a tender shout out. The lowly debra and i are simply coming home. Few believed him. His seat. Ell ran for is representative dingell. Independent line. Hello, connie. Go ahead. Caller i have been listening to everyone. Have three comments. I do go along with the guy on. He fence for the born again christian, we are not all gods children. God says the opposite. Until you accept the lord as your savior, then you are gods child. We are all made in gods image. All of these illegals taking the jobs that americans will not , i wonder who did all of these jobs before. Jobsf my kids do these that they say will not be done and i fought for my job here at in 1959. Ry back host how long did you work there . Only 15. Was i got to work in the summer. Dad would let me work until School Started and then i had to go to school. Contend, because even back then, the mexicans were lost in to work the cannery in toxicans were bussed work the cannery. Thank you for checking in with us. Of thoughts on politico magazines piece. Corruption and Excessive Force have skyrocketed, along with massive hiring surge. 2005 and a 2012, nearly one cbp officer was arrested for misconduct every single day. During obamas first term, the sheer number of allegations was customs andthat Border Protection was ordered to change his definition of corruption to downplay to congress the breadth of the problem. The Agency Responses been paralyzed by bureaucratic turf battles and the broken Senate Confirmation process, which left cbp without a senateconfirm the leader for five years. Kerlikowskes new job is to bring order and discipline to a force so long lacking leadership. Good morning to sarah, republican line. Caller thank you for taking my call. I would like to have a slight rebuttal to the lady who called earlier from ohio. I agree with her that we are all gods children. I am also a born again christian. I understand what the woman in illinois was saying, about accepting jesus. Nonetheless, we are made in the image of god and we are all gods children. Astonished when she compared people entering , thatountry illegally. Ame in legally she compared people whether they be mexican or anything else, sneaking into the country illegally and expecting to be able to work and being so shocked if they get caught, comparing them to africanamericans who were forcibly taken, violently from their homes in africa, on ships and brought here to work here as slaves for free. That is really all i had to say. Heres the headline on the houston chronicle. Some fear a new surge of immigrants. The plan may be misinterpreted. One more tweet. Is the onlyeverify thing that will stop illegals. Bernardino, california, a border state. Michael, go ahead. We have strict Border Control across the border all the time. Need morehink we funding for our border. What takes you across the border on a regular basis . Is this . Business . Visits. Family we take stuff over there, back and forward. Michael, appreciate your input. Thank you for your comments. More ahead as washington journal continues. On the go more indepth recent executive order on immigration and more specifically, the history of previous president s action on it as well. That is coming up on washington journal. Commercee Senate Committee met last week in the hearing they had to look at the exploding airbag and the problem with the exploding airbags in many models. Aheard from another number of officials. Here is what that look like. [video clip] if our 18yearold daughter were to drive that, which should be safe . Senator, we have several different analysis of what the problems are with these airbags in our vehicles. As i mentioned before, the 2008ls that we did in through 2011, we connected those manufacturing issues and we urged the customers, no geographic limits, we urged customers to get those vehicles repaired because there is a risk. More recentto the where there iss, not as much Information Available as to what is because airbags,ptures in the where there is a concern about humidity. We have the same concern about humidity. The 45 injuries that have occurred. 17 of them have occurred in , and texas. Rto rico a large majority of these issues are occurring in southern areas. We are trying to understand if any additional risk. When we find risk, we act to recall. That is our responsibility. As a parent, we ran the vin number. It said 2006 or early a vehicle would have been subject to a recall, not 2007. How can you assure me today that a 2007 vehicle is safe for any young adult on the road to drive today . I am not sure of all of the exact models, the breakpoints in terms of the recalls. If the vehicle was subject to a recall, we want it fixed. If it was not subject to a recall, we have not determined a risk and during and deem it say for the driver. Safe for the driver. Ast joining us this morning is alan kraut. To give us some Historical Perspective on past president s actions on immigration. This has been talked about a great deal the last few days. Lets step back. Tot did the president used sum up his justifications for the executive actions he took last week . Guest a good deal of precedence from what president obama did, president ial actions on s go back to dwight eisenhower, if not further. There is an entry of individuals who are in trouble for one reason or another, it events in 1959, hungarians in 1956. During the ford administration, the admission of 360,000. Ietnamese, 14,000 lebanese whenever there is a world crisis , president s have the option of responding. In addition to that, after the 1986 Immigration Reform and wereol act, there adjustments made by the Reagan Administration in the Bush Administration to bring in parents, children of those who had been amnesty. It was in the interest of keeping Families Together. Host going further than that, how long has congress legislated on immigration . What is our history with legislation on immigration, in terms of setting limit and who and when they can come into this country . , we see1870s congress legislating to exclude people considered to be , a clinicalmbeciles diagnosis in those days, prostitutes, and so on. In 1882, the chinese exclusion dramatic piece of legislation to exclude Chinese Workers from coming to the United States. Beginning in, 1891, the federal government moves into a controlling position with respect to the with respect to the interrogation and of immigrants coming into the United States. It has been that way ever since. In 1924, there is dramatic restrictions passed by the , congress,ernment the johnson read immigration act, which imposed quotas on immigrants coming to the United States. Policy. Estrictive that was not revised until 1955. We have not had, other than irca , a Major Overhaul of the immigration policy. ,ost when you look at these have they always been the politicalth environment for both the president and members of congress . Almost always. There is an old saying, america beckons, but americans repel. This saying means is the opportunities of american life, of achieving success in the United States are dangled before immigrants. After they get here, they find the welcome mat is not always out. Throughout American History, the debate about who should come, are almostould come, constant. Host lets look at the numbers. Who will be affected by obamas immigration plans . 4 million undocumented immigrants could gain protection from deportation. 200 5000 could gain protection by eliminating the age cut off. By000 could gain protection granting dock a eligibility. They also say that 1. 2 are by daca. Rotected order of the president previously issued. How does this compare to previous actions . , aboutprevious actions 1. 5 Million People. Other cases, where individuals, deportations have been deferred, in the case of ronald reagan. Departure was rescinded because of a crisis. This is a proportionate number two what happened earlier. To time, hundreds of thousands of immigrants have had their deportations deferred for various reasons. Host we are going to open up our phone lines. Democrats, 202 5853880. Republicans, 202 5853881. Ndependents, 202 5853882. As we get a Historical Perspective on changes , what does policy your institute do . It analyzes immigration policy. On your show last week, you had doris meisner. She is an executive of the migration policy institute. Host have even able to analyze the president s order . My role. At is not host will they provide an analysis on the president s plan actions . Lets go to calls. Reading, pennsylvania. Caller this is very important. In my opinion, i am an immigrant, i have been here. Commont back and fourth, sense. That is the name of the game. If the guy has illegal aliens, 50 years in prison, 1 million fine. You send them all back and replace them with the welfare department. You put the national guard. If they come in, drug dealers, you shoot them. How long have you been in the country . I came here in 1952. Host what would the environment have been in the early 1950s . Guest it was a cold war issue. It was a time when the United States wanted to admit migrants from communist countries, signs that they preferred democracy rather than the oppressions of the soviet regime and so on. It was also a time when there was a great deal of concern about admitting immigrants who might bring with them ideologies to the United States. Was a period of low immigration before it picks up again in the 1970s. We begin to see another spike. Host what is the cause of that spike . Guest the end of the war in vietnam, but also unrest and and difficulties in mexico. Large numbers of Latin Americans and mexicans and southeast asians coming to the United States. Host fort worth, texas, go ahead. I want to comment on the statement a lady made earlier. President obama since he has been in office. He has worked harder than any other president to make things right. Guest let me follow on her comment. Under the plan, an estimated 250,000 farmworkers would be eligible for relief from deportation. The totalfraction of number of undocumented workers in the u. S. They hope his decision to take action will propel congress to achieve a legislative solution t address is at work ultra that edge wrestles agricultural agriculturalsses needs. Historically, how much have we relied on undocumented guest we have been very dependent on Migrant Workers coming from mexico. At one point during the mid20th century, we had a special program that brought mexican workers into the United States. This was valuable during wartime , during the Second World War when soma many americanborn workers were away at war. Dependentways been upon this migrant labor force coming up to plant and harvest and so on. We have not treated them well to be sure. I think this new plan, this somebility of legalizing of these Migrant Workers would be of a normas benefit to enormousiculture benefit to american agriculture. Hear people say that they are taking jobs away from american citizens. How valid is that . Agriculturee circle, its not. Sectors, it is an issue of having a High School Diploma or not having a High School Diploma, there might become petition for jobs. Not in agriculture. Host eddie is in los angeles. Their myth me one second. I have two questions. In that statement that you just you dont speak of the black community when you say these things. 50s, he deported millions. This ill Legal Immigration was not a problem until 1974. Everything that black people wanted, they removed us from the workforce. This is a racist problem by the chamber of commerce. Thebody else said that indians were here first. California was named after a black woman. You need to put your history and perspective are i think its watered down. The blackying to stop man from working. Host we will get a response. Guest the responses thats a great exaggeration. This is not been designed to present African Americans from having jobs or to create a competition between the foreignborn and africanamericans. It is true that one of the advantages to the foreignborn, especially in this. Isundocumented foreignborn, that they work for very low wages. The competition is not in the agricultural sector. By and large, there is an exaggeration of the degree to which this is a plot somehow by to prevent africanamericans from having jobs or from succeeding within the economy. Undocumentedsue if aliens has been a problem throughout American History, that is true. This is not the first time americans have spoken about were referred to undocumented aliens. IlLegal Immigration has been a constant ever since the restrictive legislation of the 1920s. Host the caller mentioned truman and particular. Was he accurate about that . Guest yes, but not in the proportions he is talking about. Mexicanmerican workers who had been in the United States. They had come up during the war. Host this happened after the war . Susan is in kingston, illinois. Caller i agree with one of your its alars about shame. Shamer mcconnell brings a onto all white people. Any latinohave friends or africanamerican friends. America cannt of really tell if somebody isnt urban or called something urban or socialist it reminds me of people who are in marijuana. Mcconnell just plays so many games. To do it for political reasons and put the fear out there. Are overwhelming to take our jobs. That doesnt make sense and there are so many people, if republicans werent so into their own little groups if they were out there in the world and meeting people, i graduated with 4000 people in the chicago area. To being mixeded with different kinds of people, its very obvious to the person that is not worldly. If you haverienced a lot of different experiences with different kinds of people, you understand things. I think it sticks out what a sore thumb that they are out of it. People here already have jobs. To even sayg down that youre going to be overwhelmed. T proves that they dont my Mexican American friends are not uneducated. Its a real shame. Host we appreciate your comments. Guest i think shes absolutely right in terms of a concern in American History about immigrants coming and altering the culture as well as competing with americans for jobs. This has been a constant in American History. If you look at the early part of the 20th century when eugenics was very much in vogue, one nativist wrote that america was committing race suicide by admitting immigrants from a southern and Eastern Europe into the United States. Anybody who was swarthy of complexion or different from the pioneering breed was looked on with tremendous suspicion. Is fromul kraut American University. Guest my own experience growing up in new york city, i grew up in the south rocks at a moment when there were lots of migrants coming north from puerto rico and black migrants coming out of the west indies and moving into the bronx, these are my friends and people that i played stick all with on the streets of new york. My interest in migration comes from my own experience of these youngsters who i played with and the environment in which i grew up. When i went to graduate school, i worked on the antislavery movement. I was also interested in moving toward the history of immigration in the United States. I spent a good deal of my career studying emigration as well as some of the implications. Host lets get back to the president s plan. Wrote about times that. In numbers, that is close to what the president is calling for. What was different about what president reagan did in 1986 . Guest it followed congresses act of legislation. The same thing was true of the h bush. P after george numbers to keep Families Together during that. What the person is saying here is that this is unprecedented because the president is taking the initiative and congress hasnt passed a bill yet. Its not unprecedented. President s engage in action that concern deportation or bringing immigrants into the United States. The president has invited the congress to pass a bill. He has invited them to take the initiative and consider the bill passed by the senate or introduce new legislation. The notion that somehow the president is trying to completely sidestep the congress and Push Congress at of the immigration picture is simply incorrect. Host lets go back to calls. Good morning. Caller good morning. I agree with the last caller. Up plot the president for what he is trying to do. He is trying to help all immigrants. My question for the professor is why is it that when people are referring to immigrants, they seem to label them as mexicans or hispanic . A racist tonee that we dont want you people here. We dont like that you are here. You are going to take all of our jobs. Immigrants come in all colors ancestors whoas were not born in the United States. Racism and why are people hateful . That is what everybody is seen on tv. It looks really bad and most of the republicans are the ones talking like this. Tothey think that is going make people vote for republicans , youre kidding yourself. Host any thoughts . Image of theassic undocumented alien is the wetback who crossed the rio grande in the middle of the night and is now competing with americans for jobs. Thatistory of racism contextualizes that image goes way back in American History. Mexican an antimexican feeling based on race is an old story. One of the interesting things is you dont hear nearly as many racial epithets hurled at indians, pakistanis, asian veryrants who are important to the hightech sector of the United States. About manythings business oriented republicans is they are in favor of a liberal immigration policy. To tap intoch want the expertise and the resources that are coming out of south asia and bring them to the United States. I have heard republican businessmen say that when foreignborn students graduate from an American University, they should be given a green card and a diploma to make sure that they are of benefit to the american economy. A couple of questions from twitter. What is the difference between immigration and migration . Wage wave intended to bust union labor clout . Guest the answer to the first question, immigration means people coming in. We use the term migration it today because people go to one place and then to another place and a thirdplace there it they that they move. Its an allencompassing term that describes this very dynamic process. Immigrants tog in bust the unions, that was one of the reasons that many Business People in the early part of the 20th century favored migration. They wanted to challenge the unions. Favoredn the other hand restrictive legislation to protect the wages of their membership. If you go back to the congressional debates over the 19 24 legislation at, its striking how politics makes strange bedfellows. The American Federation of labor was on the same side of that argument as the ku klux klan and the immigration restriction league. They wanted to protect wages of American Workers that they were trying so hard to boost. Host lets hear from columbus, indiana. Welcome, debbie. Caller the first thing i would like to say is we need to protect our borders. I think we should have the money to do that. The second thing i would like to say is i have no problem with them becoming legal or getting jobs here. If you are legal, we know whats going on. They are helping the economy. If they are illegal, they cannot do that. They get on the welfare system because they cant get a factory job. Read if they are criminals, they should not read here. I think they should be shipped back. I dont think its just mexicans or latinos. I think its any illegal that is a criminal. We can have them from afghanistan, iraq, we are not just talking about latinos. Other in great danger of terrorists. I think there are gangs. There is m 13 written all over buildings. Kenhink though should be too out of the United States. There are legal gangs. We have those crimes going on from American People. We need to stay stand up and say we dont want these crimes. We want our borders safe. Were the only country that doesnt have safe borders. We dont stand up against people saying that these people cant work. Why not let them work . We are headed for a love senior citizens, wouldnt it be better to have people helping with Social Security and medicaid and medicare and all of this stuff . Wouldnt we be a wonderful country if we helped us pay our bills . Host she talked about Border Security. You mentioned that in the early days states handled Border Security. That is now done by the federal government. What have been some of the challenges of Border Protection service even in days when the states were doing it over the years . Guest the biggest challenge is that the border is huge. Our southern border and our , there are many ways to get into the United States in an undocumented fashion. I once had a talk show host suggest to me that it would put the marines down on the border they would secure the border for sure. I dont think thats true. I dont think the marines would be able to secure the american border and seal it off in the way that someone like. This color makes a very important point here and theres nothing as important as offering those who are coming to the a path totes now legality and a path to citizenship ultimately. The event states would benefit enormously from bringing in minds,orkers, creative offer them a path to citizenship and encourage them to stay and bring a country and its economy as immigrants have somebody times in the american past. If i come to the country to work and i try to get on that path to citizenship, how long is that process . Guest it could take a few years. Host more than five . Guest perhaps more than five. One of the issues in the past has been the absence of efficiency in processing those who are standing in line legally. Out in anlayed itself interesting way. In thes he went back face of the recession were often undocumented aliens rather than those who had stood online for years. Their intention was to ride out the recession in the United States. The others calculated that they had gotten in once and they could do it a second time if need be. Bewas better to go home and with their families if they couldnt find jobs in construction or yardwork or Agricultural Labor and what they were doing. Host harold, good morning. Caller i am wondering if he can betweenthe differences the congresses rights under passing immigration legislation and what is the line . How far can any president go without congress . Guest thats a good question. The answer is traditionally in the United States, congress has the right to pass laws, including laws concerning who should come to the added states and so on. Thats wellestablished. Exactly what the prerogatives are with the president and turns of president ial action, we have precedent, but there is nothing written down. It comes under the broad rubric of president ial prerogative. The president has a good range of prerogative in terms of what he may do. The suspension of deportation and bringing in of immigrants under particular circumstances, especially refugees like the cubans in 1959, that is wellestablished. Host do we have any current political priorities that are priority because of their Refugee Status . Guest we take a look at cubans that way. We have since the 1950s in terms of priorities. Last thursday, the did georges posed h. W. Bush really pave the way for obama on immigration . And your answer is no . He deferred the deportation of Chinese Students in 1989 during the turmoil in china. Toreversed visa denials soviets in vietnamese in 1989. By giving followed up amnesty to 1. 5 million spouses and children. He deferred deportation of golf or is it to ease evacuees. Used president ial power. Host was that due to the political status . Here is lori who is in dallas, texas. Good morning. Hi there. Go ahead with your comment or question. Caller there are three of them. She had the right idea about the Border Patrol. , i guy from pennsylvania wonder if he is ever been out of pennsylvania. Ive been to canada. They were really nice. They want to know why youre there. Over,hey bring you back they ask you a couple of questions. In texas, they dont ask you anything. Host the mexican Border Guards dont ask you anything . When you walk into mexico. I have a friend who lives in areona, the Border Patrol in these airconditioned little boxes playing cards and waving people buy. Bright all of these lights out in the desert. A white thing that goes up at night. Host we havent really talked about the community and in 80 and border historically. Have there ever been issues in terms of migration . Guest certainly not in recent times. Which itsissue in been a fairly open border. Especially during the late 19th and early part of the 20th stop there migrant were going to have difficulty getting into the United States, they might be stopped at ellis island because they would fail the health inspection, they would go to canada and cross the border into the United States. Lightly patrolled in terms of keeping people out of the United States. Host how easy was it for americans who fled to canada in the 1960s to escape . Guest it was fairly easy to get across the border. The problem was once you got in canada, could you get a job . Could you work . The canadian government was very concerned about Young Americans coming into canada and competing with canadians for jobs. Getting into canada was not all that hard. Host we have five more minutes with alan kraut at American University. Rockford, illinois. Caller i work in the aircraft industry. You hear about illegals coming across the border. I work at a repair facility. Working of the people are illegal and cant read english. They have to have translators to translate the manuals. We adopted a romanian. My wife is chinese. It took me 10 years to get my kids. Im still in the process of getting my wifes paperwork done. Obama slapped me in the face. Open the borders and let everybody in . Guest i dont think we are going to open the border and let everybody in. I have no doubt that there are people in the Hightech Industries including airline construction and certainly in Silicon Valley that are undocumented immigrants who would very much like to change their status and their employers would like to change their status. They want to bring in high skilled people. Whenssue of what happens you try to adopt children or try citizen, its wellknown that there is a paper glut. This is when of the problems with the system. The system needs to be reformed in such a way that applications are processed expeditiously. That does not always happen. Host we havent heard much about this debate, the concept of birthright citizenship. What is that . Guest the 14th amendment was intended to extend full Citizenship Rights to former slaves said that anyone born in the United States was by definition an american citizen. We have had birthright citizenship ever since. What this means is that if a child of foreignborn parents is born on american soil, that child is an american citizen. There have been accusations wielded against immigrants nearg out of latin america the time of birth of their children try to get in so their children will be americanborn. Those are stories that are very hard to verify. It is a point of great pride on the part of many immigrant parents that they have americanborn children. Foreignborn, they may be undocumented, their children are american citizens. Part of what the president is concerned about is not breaking up families and figuring out ways to make sure that in a family, part of it is not supported because the child is a citizen and the parents are not. Host our viewers can read more at the l. A. Times. One more call from st. Charles, missouri. There is so much going on with the border. My parents were immigrants from a caribbean island. I became an immigrant to canada and then to the u. S. I followed everything that is secure. Years been living here 20 and now a citizen. I went through the lengthy process. It made very proud to what i am today. Under the Current Administration the security component is at risk. I see so many things around the world. What has happened to the white house, what is taking place on the border. Of if you were to there is no security at the border. Host i will let you go there and get final thoughts. Guest we have been extremely security conscious since 9 11. The seeming ease with which the terrorists got into the United States certainly a matter of concern. We experience that concern every time we go to the airport and are asked to take our shoes off in our belt off and passed through the process. There is no easy answer to this. We can keepway that everyone out of the United States that poses a potential threat. We make great efforts at it. We spend a great deal of money trying to do it. It is not a foolproof process and im not sure we could create one. If people want to get in to do police are constantly investigating potential threats and there is no way to keep out terrorists if they cross the border. That is not to say that there are terrorists among the immigrants. Or could be terrorists among the visitors. That is what makes this such a difficult process. We will not master this in the near future. Is withul kraut American University here in washington. We appreciate you joining us here this morning. Next, we will look at the state of homelessness in the United States. We will be joined by jerry jones. Abouton, we will talk affecting the native american community. This thanksgiving week, cspan is featuring interviews with retiring members of congress. Watch the interviews at 8 00 eastern. Some the people in congress 1830s, Stephen A Douglas or henry clay. They were struggling desperately to try to work out compromises to keep the union afloat and avoid splitting up here in i think we have a lot of talented younger members. Its not just mrs. Pelosi. I think she has been a greatly here and she is great it raising money. That is not one of my fortes. I was never good at that. Start training younger people and bringing younger people into the caucus. They will be the future leaders. One of the things that i leave with all my heart and soul is you have to know when to leave. On thursday, we will take a tour of various native american tribes. Afteraid 10 00 washington journal. The Diplomacy Center groundbreaking. That is this thing skimming week on cspan. Washington journal continues. Joness executive director from a National Coalition for the homeless. We are talking about the homelessness state of homelessness in the United States. Welcome to washington journal. What is the definition of homeless . Guest there are two different definitions. There is one for the department of education and one for hud. The definition that most applies is what we would normally think of. Its a person who does not have a place to be, a lease arrangement or home or secure assurance that they have a place to lay their had at night. It affects 3. 5 Million People over the course of the year. Hundreds of thousands it any given point during the year. Its a problem that has been with us in large numbers ever since the 1980s. Group is the National Coalition for the homeless. Who do you represent . Guest we represent local andnizations insult or shelter providers for the homeless. Bureaus,ith speakers people who have experienced homelessness who tell their stories and advocate on their own behalf. Its a Broad Network across the country. Host there are a couple of reports out. I just want to look at the numbers. These numbers from hud, this is up to 2013, it is declining overall. It is down to 610,000 in 2013. Is that a sign of success . Addressed . Ness been guest its not been addressed to the scale of the problem. People they can actually find on the street or in shelters. Frome about 40 years away getting to a condition without homelessness. There has been some progress made, it is slow progress and does not meet the scale that crisis out there. Host the top states of homelessness, not a surprise. The number one state is california. It has 137,000. New york has 77,000. Florida has 48,000. Texas as 30,000. Maine has 19,000, that is unexpected. Obviousrs are population centers. Whats going on in maine . Guest there is a tremendous problem with rural homelessness. It is driven by the lack of Affordable Housing. That affects nearly every Community Across this country. There are people who cant afford the rent. Even in the larger states that you mentioned, we see homelessness in larger numbers in metro numbers where there are skyrocketing rents. Places like new england, rural parts of the south, we find homelessness for the same reasons. People are unable to afford or they are in some way disabled or in need of support that they are not finding. The services on the local level are not sufficient to meet the need. Seem that asd housing got more expensive that would have driven more people into homelessness. Guest what has occurred since the recovery is we have seen the Housing Market hed up quickly, faster than wages or the ability of many to pay. Is a directessness consequence of the inability to afford housing is surging in many large cities. During the great recession, we. Aw some there was the recovery act and some emergency funding that was put in place to mitigate that. It was not as bad as it couldve been. Now that we are beyond the crisis, we are seeing it worsen in some places because Housing Markets are outpacing incomes. Host jerry jones is our guest. The numbers to call are on your screen it. We will look for your comments momentarily. This is the season the typically s attention to homelessness. This is the season of thanksgiving and so many food kitchens open up and there is a lot of focus on that. What is the situation in terms of feeding the homeless across the country . Has that gotten better or worse in the last 10 years question mark . Guest we remember the things that we are thankful for and the people who are struggling and having a harder time of getting by. The situation with food for isple who are on the streets one where we see Church Groups and other civic organizations make food available to people who are hungry. We been very disappointed by a number of cities that are trying to pass local ordinances to prevent volunteer groups from feeding Homeless People. Onis an effort to crack down the perception that food sustains people in places like Fort Lauderdale where they want those individuals to go away. The New York Times reports on Fort Lauderdale. They focus on the one man who has been doing this. He is a 90yearold world war ii veteran. He has been cited a number of times for feeding the homeless. Anthis becoming more of issue nationwide . Guest it is just a handful of cities. This are about two dozen year that have these ordinances in place. That is far too many. In the case of mr. Abbott, he is facing jail time and severe penalties, financial fines for feeding people who are hungry. It is outrageous that the city of Fort Lauderdale would try to penalize people who are helping individuals who are on the streets and looking for some way of sustaining themselves to the day. Than thanking those groups, they are trying to stop them from doing charitable acts. Calls waiting period. Caller thank you for having this conversation. It is vital. I am a pastor who is disabled. Byave been rendered homeless bankrupt michael bloomberg. I have worked for the homeless. I have worked with picture the that is, an organization hope you have an awareness of. E did a count of new york city there are a couple of things i would like to raise. When i brought up the fact that bloomberg was dumping the disabled, they retaliated. When i called the white house, hud. Referred me to he found after seven weeks of they never put in my section eight. Rid of some oft these codewords. One is Affordable Housing. We need equitable housing. Corporation only hire people who are parttime and dont give them benefits and living wage and we are subsidizing their workers with food stamps, thats not just. We need equitable wages and equable housing. Secondly, i think we are home lost. We have converted from housing as a basic necessity of life to a commodity. The 25th article of the human rights declaration says that housing is a human right. I think we have to respect that as a matter of american law. St what do you think of his comments . Guest the situation in new york is severe. Concentrated in new york city, though there is homelessness across the state. Individuals who are not in shelters were living in rat infested housing that is not fit for human habitation ands huddled in doorways. We have a crisis in cities like new york, boston. If you have not visited a large like los angeles, its shocking. They are everywhere. To allow people who are working, the caller mentioned low wages that are part of this problem, a lot of people are holding on jobs and can afford housing even with fulltime jobs. Lets go to utah. Kevin, hello. Caller i was a victim about 20 years ago. It was hard to find housing in utah county. This was in the winter of 2009. Host have you found yourself homeless question mark . Yes. R not recently guest the caller is describing a key part of the problem. Its estimated that 7 Million Units of afford housing are missing, they are not there. People who are looking for a place to live off of have to double up with friends or relatives. They have to pay more than they can afford on rent. Host this report from the National Law Center for homelessness and poverty, they have a figure in here that 74 of Homeless People do not know a place where it is safe and legal for them to sleep. The legal part is the key issue. Cities across the country have passed local ordinances, its not just on Church Groups to feed homeless individuals. There are laws against sleeping in the park or asking for help or panhandling and other types of measures that localities are trying to enforce as a way of driving Homeless People out of sight. Ont the increase in laws bands on camping, the increase is sick to percent from 2011 to 2014 on camping citywide. They also write about the story of lawrence smith. After ae homeless degenerative disease made them homeless. How typical is the sort of story . Guest it is typical for many parts of the country where it is illegal to camp. These are Homeless People who have nowhere to be. , denver has an anticamping ordinance. Its been a source of great controversy in recent years. Evil that hasis its roots in each of us, the desire to make difficult problems disappear. People dont want to see Homeless People. Its very disconcerting. We know that having people live outdoors is wrong. There might be something very wrong with our society as a consequence there we pass laws to make the problem go away. That doesnt solve anything. The truth is the longer we stick our heads in the sand, the larger the problem grows. These ordinances at local levels, dont stop homelessness. Anticamping or antiloitering laws have not solved homelessness. It is going to take Affordable Housing and money for direct services and other human beings. Host sam, good morning. Caller i wanted to relate a story about what happened to me. I moved from one small Michigan Town to another. I was getting my Homeowners Insurance transferred. My agent was shaking her head. She said she has clients who ort get a bank loan refinance their homes that are underwater. They are in danger of losing their homes and i am getting a great deal just by transferring from one town to another. My mortgage payment is tiny some of these people who are losing their homes because they can afford it. Thats all i have to say. Host dennis is next up in seattle. What is the tell us situation like in your town . I am calling about that as an example in seattle. I am a section eight voucher holder. To thiseen witness notion that the recession is over. Depended on section eight voucher holders during bad times so they would have guaranteed incomes. As soon as things turned, they dumped those residents. Now our Public Housing agencies cant even advocate for their clients because they are so desperate to keep landlords willing to even write leases for section eight. There is nothing they can do for the clients to push back with these trends that are making people homeless. Seattle Housing Authority for the last several years has than in the business of moving people out of seattle. There just isnt any affordable units in the constructs of what the Voucher Program will allow. Specifically, he talks about section eight. Is a section eight Voucher Program where individuals can go into the private market with some federal assistance and subsidize their rent to the ability they can pay. , that isfter city frozen because congress is refusing to put more money into it. The only funding for section eight is for the vouchers that are currently out there. Funding,here is no new despite the housing crisis weve been talking about, waiting list to get a voucher have grown i by leaps and bounds just to get a voucher. Many people stay in Public Housing. These are not always great places to be. They do so because there is no other afford will house and out there. If they were not there, they would be in real trouble. Because there is so little turnover, it has been 20 years to get a onebedroom Public Housing unit in washington. That means never. One of thee is top 54 homelessness in the United States. They have an estimated 64,000 less. Somethingbring you from the New York Times last week. Tensions over park behavior is homelessness rises in the city. How do you address the concerns residents and other citizens and the city were they are seen behavior like that . Guest no wanted have to live in the park is the most important take away from that story. Havewe as a Society Hundreds of thousands of people on any given day with nowhere to go, many of them the most vulnerable and disabled mentally ill individuals living out of doors and we abide that. We have these chaotic situations like the one described in that article. The solution is to make sure that people have someone somewhere to go that is safe and secure. Nobody wants to live in the park. Nobody wants to sleep in the cold rain. We can create spaces for people to come into. Host miami is next. My concern is about homelessness as well. I think it should be where the homeless shelters should have a place where the people who live there who are seeking opportunity for employment should have a doorway to a workforce from the shelter. Earn money to help themselves. My concern is about immigration. Peopleown that a lot of are here in illegal and they are getting food stamps and Public Housing. You can help american citizens when you are too busy helping and looking out for the employment and place of shelter for homeless illegal aliens. Host are we seeing more immigrants among the homeless . Guest there are some. I would correct the misperception. Its not possible to get certain government benefits if you are not documented. You would need to have legal thingsto even apply for like food stamps or Public Housing. I think the other point the color makes is individuals in take care ofant to themselves and earn a living and get out of the shelter. Sentiment. Ide held the challenge is that minimum wage has remained 7. 25 for long time. There is a shelter two blocks away from where we are filming today. I know the guys in that shelter. They take day jobs. They work long hours and after paying for their transportation and their workboots and whatever else the labor pool can doubts them for, they come back with 50 in their pocket. No one can live on 45 practically anywhere. Host next up is albany, california. Caller this is john. I thought so. I cannoteve believe. I am going to be homeless this weekend. I am in a wheelchair in california. On friday, i got sued by my landlord. I turned in my paperwork, so who knows whats going to happen today. The fifth day was sunday to turn in the paperwork. I dont know whats going to happen. I am going to end up being homeless. Host where is albany located . What county, what region . Im sorry. I am the to berkeley and oakland. 94706. Where is that . East bay. Host ok. Listen to the radio or the tv, and we will get a response from terry jones. I would encourage the caller to get in touch with a couple of groups in the bay area. There is the San Francisco coalition for the homeless. There is also the Western Region of advocacy project. Or reach out to us. Every day we field phone calls from individuals facing the same situation, and you are not alone. We are the National Coalition for the homeless. If you have access to a computer, google our website. Call us as well. There are many individuals facing that the agreement. Situationbeen in a where they have housing, and they are facing eviction or changes to happened where they are no longer welcome or able to stay where they are. It is a very disorienting crisis to go through as an individual. In marietta, california. Caller i was homeless for quite a long time in los angeles, living in my car. We have not talked about Mental Illness. We have the Mental Health service act, which is a small part of that covers homelessness. That, losnot have angeles homelessness would be even worse. But we are losing millionaires in california, and that money is dwindling down to almost nothing there are other services that it covers. I live in riverside county, southwest, area. Homeless even have a camp or anything out here. Everything is in riverside, and it is really in bad shape. Lake elsinore was getting homeless out of the Lake Elsinore area because of the asian developing company trying to develop an area. Requirements, the to get the homeless out of there. They were not even allowing searches to feed homeless in that area. Mentioned that he was sleeping in his car. The number of cities banning sleeping in vehicles has increased 119 in three years from 2011 to 2014. Host this is a terrible thing. Toks who have no other place be but their vehicles find they cannot sleep in them. There is a ban on sleeping in the park, but there is a constant on a sunny day taking a nap, that person is not going to or a business man or woman buying a lunch for someone of would not be subject to the food sharing restriction. It is selectively enforced on some of the most Vulnerable People in our society. A couple of comments on twitter. San francisco requires builders provide 10 low Income Housing in most apartment buildings. Also, from thomas shipman, what percentage of veterans are homeless . Homelessness among veterans is steadily declining. A number of cities are on track to get to zero by the end of 2015, such as new orleans, los angeles is making great strides. City, phoenix, salt lake a few others. We are spending targeted resources, special vouchers, on chronically homeless veterans. Low and behold, it does allow folks to get housing. If we did that for the larger population, we would see similar progress. Host jerry jones with the National Coalition for the homeless. Richard on the republican line, good morning. Caller good morning. I am a landlord in minneapolis, and i find that renting to some people from the homeless have some they do special problem, maybe alcoholism or a criminal record but the city of minneapolis here takes the attitude that is all the landlords fall. If i take a chance on renting to a homeless person, i put my license to rent, to have a rental price a rental in jeopardy. For instance, if there is pot on my property, i could lose the license at one property. If i lose the license on two properties, i lose the right to to own rental property in minneapolis. So the city leaders are derelict. They should maybe have a Mental Illness law here in minnesota. Landlord put on the for making sure the tenants if you have city leaders saying on one hand in the rental property workshops, dont rent to homeless i have city officials telling me that, because they have special problems. And then on the other side the city officials are filled eyes and or demonizing the landlords, and you having neighbor next door saying that the people you are renting to are holding drunk too may be often or Something Like that. Guest the solution to homelessness is individuals like you, landlord who are willing to rent. That is the solution to homelessness, is housing. Cities need to do more to provide the kinds of support that willing landlords need to make apartments available. There are great models out there , and if it is not happening in the twin cities where you are, i think in los angeles there is a Great Organization called housing works, which as its primary focus works with individuals who have lived on the streets, who are now in apartments, to make sure they can succeed in those arrangements. That they have the support from the Wraparound Services that they need. So that landlords have a positive experience, but so those individuals do not return to the streets. Host this is the front page of street sense, the washington, d. C. , newspaper sold by street vendors. Homeless thats. They talk about the country of hungary, reflecting what you are saying. Gary plus parliament hungarys parliament introduced a bill advantage the homeless from living in public places, setting up on public property, and scavenging. For the instances that we talked about, such as Fort Lauderdale, a lot of local communities are rolling up their in need. Helping those but for the charitable acts of volunteer groups and nonprofits across the country, the hardships of people who are experiencing homelessness would be much worse. So i think we are a nation that is charitable, is generous to nearlyntrodden, and every case, people are trying to do the right thing. But we need to resist these impulses to blame people who are outofdoors in experiencing homelessness from their own condition. As we compared to other countries, consistently the United States is seen as one that has a larger philanthropic sector, a much more generous country, but we need to do more. Host next up, florida. Some sarah is on the democrats line. Caller can you hear me . Host we sure can. Go ahead. Caller i am the mother of an adult daughter who has mental andess in the oregon area has been living out of her car for the last several years. I am concerned about this state of affairs for the homeless, as it appears that many of the toups using the Opportunity House the homeless are also using it as a way to recruit for their religious organizations. Right now the only shelter available to her, she would have to sit in service with worship that she does not perform. It keeps her out of the shelter. She does not have to attend a to beous service in order part of a homeless shelter. I also am concerned because it is demonstrated she has a history of Mental Illness. She chooses not to take medication. That is her right to do, but it has Serious Problems it has posed a serious problem for her and that she does not have insight into her own condition. My concern also is how do we as a Community Tell people in that state of mind that they choose not to live indoors because they are fearful of the agents that are asking them to come in, like the religious organizations that house them . Guest there are certainly by no means the majority there are a lot of folks who are severely mentally ill who are on the streets. That is a consequence of the Supreme Court decision that said if you are mentally ill but not a danger to yourself or others, you cannot be locked up. Do should for bids it, and common sense so a generation ago we had statements all hospitals that would have been the place where individuals like the callers daughter would be housed. Those would be done away with. What was not a put in place what was not put in place work immunity basis police to make sure that folks previously institutionalized had somewhere safe and appropriate to be where they could get the help they need. Host a couple more calls. This is north carolina. Anita is on the republican line. Caller good morning. I had a hard time getting housing since i was divorced. I had six children. My husband and i never used any public assistance to take care of our family. Now all of our children are college graduates. But in the divorce i had to give after i give the children after i kept the children for so long, i was living in near chicago at the time in the suburbs. Chicago was displacing Public Housing tenants into middleclass suburban areas, and i was worried about my children being involved in gangs. Forel hill was wonderful giving my children, all gifted, a good education, and they got scholarships to go to college. But i was left with nothing. I was a Chemical Engineering major at 16 years older there was nothing for me to be able to pay my rent and go back to school and take care of myself, and i ended up working minimumwage jobs and 60 hours per week and that will still not qualify you for safe, Affordable Housing. I had all kinds of problems. But the shelters usually had drugs are people with pregnancies or Mental Health situations, which does not help a mother who is divorced and has kids in college who needs a place further for her children to come and visit. Host issues of drug use and threats possible how much of that is a factor for some homeless who refuse to go into the shelters . Guest the shelters are not great places to be. They are emergency interventions that are in many cases better than being out of doors but it is not great housing. Country is need is a to make sure that there are safe places for people to live. I think the caller makes a very important second point, that poverty discriminates. There is a disproportionate number of women living in poverty. That has historically been the case. So we need to look at how homelessness and the broader issue of deep poverty affects the population, women with past inorces who have very little terms of assets, who are struggling financially. Host the issue on the socalled criminalization of homelessness. There are increasing bans across the country on begging. In bands onse begging. How should people respond . How does your group say people should respond to people asking for money on the streets . It is anthink individual choice, recognizing that anyone on a sidewalk asking for help probably needs it. Money, i not have think just making that explanation, i do not have it on me, is a way of acknowledging the person rather than simply walking by them. We would encourage you not to ignore homelessness. Acknowledge them in some way, making direct eye contact. There any data out there on how much money americans give to people begging for money on the streets . Guest americans are generous. They want to see this problem dealt with. What is lacking is the political will in washington to create the pathway to do with some of these root causes of homelessness. Host one more call, columbus, ohio. Amanda, go ahead. Guest caller i had a couple of questions for your guest. Solve theis done to root causes of homelessness . Mental illness i think people get misdiagnosed. That is question one. Question two, what is being done to combat the programs that your previous caller asked about . Three why is there not more fda training and funding available for the fun for the homeless to help them run startups. I want to a dress the issue of trauma. Research shows there is a high percentage, particularly among women who are homeless, families experiencing homelessness. Trauma and abuse. Programs, shelter, provision and other it types of intervention need to take that trauma experienced into account as they are working with vulnerable individuals. The other points you made about the need for supporting folks who want to either create their own business or find a living wage job, a lot more needs to be done. That is part of the solution to homelessness, to make sure folks can provide for themselves, but recognize that individuals need some help. Host jerry jones is the executive director of the National Council for the homeless. Those who want to help can find website,from your nationalhomeless. Org. Thank you for being on washington journal. As we focus on the issues important to native americans,ur guest is Brian Cladoosby with the National Congress of American Indians. That is up next. But first, an update on the news from cspan radio. Is 9 17 a. M. Eastern time. A wellplaced western diplomat says elements are falling into place for an agreement allowing talks on irans lugar program to continue for more than seven months. In remarks to the associated the broadier, agreement should be completed by march 1, but the final details worked out by july 1. A top u. S. Military commander in europe says u. S. Troops will remain in the baltic countries and poland through next year or longer two, deter russian aggression. Lieutenant general ben hodges tells a Baltic News Service that russia is trying to intimidate its neighbors with military exercises near their borders and airspace. The u. S. Has temporarily deployed hundreds of troops and nato members in estonia, lytham when you come and poland. General hodges says u. S. Forces had rotations planned for next asr and would be here for long as necessary to assure all our allies and to deter russian aggression. , writingtes stole berg saysthe New York Times, that the wellconnected wife of the longestserving commerce men in American History, debbie dingell, as long best has long been her husbands fiercest protector. John dingell has announced in february that he would retire. Today she is representative it left dingell, making her the first woman to succeed a living spouse in congress. She also faces a reality that she calls bittersweet. As her. Takes off, her 88yearold husband, once the most powerful once one of the most powerful men in washington, is leaving office because of declining health. Representative john dingell is one of the honorees at the white house, where he will be awarded the medal of freedom. Watch live coverage on cspan or listen to it on cspan radio. It begins at 2 15 p. M. Eastern time. Those are some of the latest headlines on cspan radio. Tonight on the communicators, tim wong, fiscalnote. Ceo of we can break down how likely they are there are a lot of ,pportunities for attorneys lobbyists, whatever, to say let me look on this based on the cosponsors. Here are the 50 most likely to look for it, here are the least likely to vote for it. You can develop a strategy in terms of trying to get at the information that you need. What i will say is that our analytics do not provide all the answers. It is not a crystal ball. But that being said, there is a lot of power to combine the analytics that we provide with a broad Industry Intelligence or a human intelligence on the ground and being able to provide those two things should be able to get the answers we would like. Tonight at 8 00 eastern on the communicators on cspan2. Seattle, washington joining us from seattle, washington, is Brian Cladoosby, the president of the National Congress for American Indians. Thank you for joining us. You are here to talk about the state of native americans in the u. S. Tell us about your organization, the National Congress. How many tribes do you represent, and what is your focus . Guest thank you very much for giving us the time here. From 50 80 delegates tribes in 27 states came together to create the national. Ongress of American Indians its purpose was to advocate for and speak for all the tribes in the United States and to look at protecting treaty rights, to look at protecting our sovereignty. We celebrated our 70th year this year, and we just had our last conference in atlanta, georgia. Nation, fromss the new york, florida, represented there. We advocate for all nations in the United States from all indian nations in the United States. In september you were here in the smithsonian talking about the treaties in the United States, our programming on American History tv, which are viewers can find on our website. In terms of policy issues, what are some of the focuses of the National Congress . Guest the National Congress are d. C. , andashington, we have continual interactions with politicians in washington dc in washington, d. C. We are basically looking to continue to advocate for treaty rights. But also of great importance, those treaties had a couple of strong provisions in there dealing with health care and is ation, and we feel that treaty right, not a line item. We continue to advocate for Strong Health care rights and Education Rights for our people across the nation. A couple of issues we recently, on taxation, got the general welfare exclusion bill passed through both houses unanimously. In an atmosphere of polarized politics, we had unanimous support for the general welfare. Ct in september being in washington, d. C. , to interact with the politicians is verycate for tribes important for the National Congress of American Indians. Focus on health care. Did the Affordable Care act change the way health care is delivered to reservations or native americans more broadly . Secondly, if there are elements that you would change in the law in terms of how it relates to native americans, what would they be . Guest it is interesting that we are doing this interview today because it is the national day of action across the United States for tribes and the Affordable Care act to get tribes geared up to get signed up. We truly feel that health care is a treaty right, not a line item. Healthu look at the disparities of native americans, we did a report 10 years ago called the quiet crisis, showing the Health Disparities. It is very sad, the Health Disparities occurring in indian country, even 10 years after the report was published. If you look at the statistics on the amount of federal dollars that are spent on health care, the amount of dollars spent on a native american is 50 less than a dollar spent on a federal prisoner, which is very sad. We had a bill called the Indian Health care and we hadtion act, to be passed every year before the Affordable Care act was passed. It had been passed for 15 years. It was languishing in congress for that long. One of the provisions of the fort of care act was that the improvement act was reauthorized forever. That was a very important part of the Affordable Care act. Host our viewers and listeners can join us. We have sent we have set for nativecial line americans. 2025853 880. For republicans, 2025853881. Americans, two 025853883. A new report says a panel of native American Indian experts native American Children on tribal lands saying juveniles on reservations are living with dire levels of violence and poverty. The recommendation addresses a loophole in the law passed by Congress Last year. Why has this become an issue . We term theagain, Health Care Issue a quiet crisis. This is also a quiet crisis. Our kids are disproportionately in greater numbers seeing it is really sad. They are experiencing this type occurring on an unprecedented number. We are thankful that this report president hed, and the coming out with my brothers keeper, and the first kids theseprogram to work with intertribal organizations to take a look at this closely and to make sure that it is addressed properly. It is nice that they came out with his reports, with these reports, but the implementation and followup is something we will watch closely and keep the foot on the pedal to make sure that it is important that this does cannot come out on a shelf and collect dust. We want to make sure it is implemented, and we want to make sure that people are aware that this is a National Tragedy in indian country. Host i wanted to bring up another issue in the news lately, and that is the keystone xl pipeline, with the house moving forward with its approval , calling for the immediate approval, and the senate failing to move forward in a slim vote last week. The headline at rollcall says native americans protest. Eystone vote it took an odd turn after senator warren of massachusetts read the final vote tally as protesters of the pipeline in the Senate Gallery burst into song. Capitol Police Officers dragged out by protesters, including cloud from the sioux tribe. The is your view on pipeline, your organization . Guest we have had concern from drafte when the Environmental Impact statement was released. As you know, in the last 100 years, our economy has been a pollutionbased economy. It does not take a Rocket Scientist to see the damage that has occurred to the environment across the United States because of this pollutionbased economy. When you have parts of montana, nebraska, north dakota, and south dakota eventually impacted by the pipeline, it is of great concern. Once again, we have treaty rights. The federal government is our trustee, and they have to make sure they look out for the best interests of the tribes, and that has not necessarily been the case in the last hundred years because of the pollutionbased economy that we have lived under that has such a there are a lot of places across the country that have almost irreversible harm done to the environment because of the pollutionbased economy. Host Brian Cladoosby is the president of the National Congress of native americans. This is paul on our democrats line. Welcome. Caller hello. I am 78 years old and i have given to the American Council of indians for years. Not much, i am not a rich man, but i have always the best friend i ever had was in the navy, off the reservation. I got called last week for donations about a year or so ago, and they had a funny accent, and i asked the lady, where are you calling me from . It was the philippines. That there istand unemployment on the reservations and it is bad. You would have some of your own people soliciting, whatever. Host to be clear, this was a solicitation from the National Congress of American Indians . Caller right. Guest i will have to look into that. I am not too sure why someone from the philippines would be for money for the National Congress of American Indians, but i will definitely look into that and find out what is going on there. Host New Hampshire is next up. Ted in raymond, New Hampshire. Caller how are you doing . I am calling in to support what this gentleman represents because in the past they have been lied to and deceived. Mount rushmore to them is a black eye. We put our great heroes on there , and they counter that with the crazy horse monument, which i can understand, their spirit and their trust. We need to do all we can for the families and the native americans and keep the promises made. That is my comment. Host let me follow on his comments. I saw your appearance in washington that we covered. Patriotism ofthe native american tribes, and your tribe in particular, and also the military service. I wonder if you would expound on that a little bit. Guest my grandfather was world war i. Two great uncles were world war ii. Wered and my great uncle korea. , fatherinlaw, world war ii, the navy. We are very proud because basically we are the first inhabitants, and we recognize that this is our homeland, and native Americans Still today pere at the highest rate capita. We are very proud of our veterans. We are proud of serving the greatest country in the world, and we will continue to serve as long as the military needs us. Host and the tribe you are from in the northwest is the swindon mesh we are located 60 miles north of seattle. We live on an island and we have all of the Beautiful National resources Natural Resources that god has provided us with. On the line from kent, washington. What he isppreciate doing here, coming from the state of washington. My question is in regards to what condition of some of our the nation that Chris Stevens was from we have been working for this for years. Was notigned but it passed. What assistance are we getting from the organization for recognition of some of our tribes through the United States . Advocate for all 566 nations. The bureau of Indian Affairs right now just extended their commentary on the federal recognition of new tribes, and i am very familiar with the tribe they got their recognition, i believe, in 1999 or 2000. I believe the next administration came in and they would take it away from the duwamish. I am glad the bureau of Indian Affairs is looking into that newly recognized tribe issue. Once again, they had a draft upn out, and that plan is right now. Line asideve set a for native americans. 2025852880 for democrats. Republicans, 202585288 3881. Reservations have independent control of Eminent Domain laws within their borders . Know, since the ,reation of tribes reservations, since we signed our treaties and were moved on to reservations, it has been a struggle for tribes to maintain control of their borders. Still today, there are still issues of conflict between who really has jurisdiction within the exterior boundaries of a. Ribe reservation we continue to push the fact that tribes should have sole responsibility for control of their reservations. When you have the states and the counties who feel that they should have control of the reservations, it is an issue that we continue to struggle with. Host i want to get your input on an issue that is more broad than just washington, the nfl, and that is the name of the Football Team the Washington Redskins. Many people are calling on the owner to change the name of the Football Team, and many loyal fans are resisting that. Dance night or is resisting dan snyder is resisting that as well. I want to play a couple of ads that he ran in favor of keeping the name this past fall. Here is a look. Squanto, red cloud, tecumseh, and crazy horse. Dr. , teacher, doctor, soldier. Will rogers,awk, strong. , unyielding,. N damnable indomitable native americans call themselves many things. One thing they do not the Washington Redskins extend for strength, courage, and respect. By the chairman of the blackfeet nation, the redskins logo was approved by native american leadership. Found that 90 of native americans do not find the name offensive, and a 2014 ap poll found that 80 of the general population supports the use of the name. Go to redskinsfacts. Com. View of thes the National Congress of American Indians on the redskins name . Guest that is a good question. Some of your viewers may or may not know is that the definition of that term it is a slur, a racist term. It is hateful, used to disparage. We just lost a great leader in the northwest, billy frank jr. He said educate, educate, tell your story. Hear the story of that term, hopefully they will have a different mindset. Know if your viewers can see this. I doubt if they can. Theere on my phone, from daily republican, thursday evening, september 20 4, 1863, it said the state reward for dead indians has been increased to 200 for every redskins sent to purgatory. This is all they are worth. The National Congress on whatity to educate that term means mr. Snyder says he is honoring me by that term. The only one he is honoring our those white men who murdered and killed men, women, and children in the 1700s and the 1800s so they could take those redskins and turned them in with their beaver skins and all the other thing is they got money for. Thinkreally sad that they that term is very innocent, but there is a lot of historic trauma that is associated with that name. Created theg george first proclamation to allow for the pilgrims to murder men, women, and children, and they were paid a bounty. It was a proclamation in 1755 before the country was created. I just read to you in 1863, you were paid 200 for every redskins that you turned in. Today in school if a child called a native american a redskin, he could be charged for bullying. A person in the workplace could be charged with harassment. That term onts someones house, they could be charged with a hate crime. Mr. Snyder hopefully will slowly understand that this is a very hurtful term. The 21st century has no place for that term right now. If we are to create a team and if the native americans were to create a team and they wanted to honor the german people and we wanted to put a symbol and we used the swastika who would that symbol be honoring . Would it be honoring the german people or would it be honoring jewishple who murdered people . If that symbol was in the nfl, i would be Standing Shoulder to shoulder with mr. Snyder objecting to the nfl using the swastika on the side of the helmet. It is through that name honors. It does not honor me, it honors those who murdered, raped, and killed men, women, and children for money. Host we go back to calls. Lorenzo, from louisiana, good morning. Caller i was wondering about how does he feel about this immigration hoopla with the republicans and democrats . What are his feelings on that . Host lorenzo, guest lorenzo, that is a great question. Immigration is a very tough whenct for americans, and something is broken, it needs to be fixed. Two years ago, there was a very strong bipartisan bill to deal with immigration that came out of the senate. I believe 68 senators passed that immigration bill and it was sent to the house. Unfortunately, the house did not take action on that bill, so the president felt he had to do what he had to do. But it is a National Issue that needs to be dealt with in the right way, and the president felt that he had to do what he needed to do to deal with this issue right now. Host is there anything in the in the president s proposed policies that he needs to do with to deal with differently . Guest no. Host from the independent line, welcome. About the call is things that native americans would have to go through to get their rights or to get grants. Do you find that there is a lot of Congress People who are willing to work with them, or do they just pile on more red tape and look for more hoops for them to jump through . Guest that is a great question, lola. One of the things that we have been pushing for is the 21st century tribes treating tribes as nations. If you look at the history of the United States, going back a couple hundred years and their policies toward native americans for example, one of the policies in the late 1800s was kill the indian, save the man. They had a paternalistic attitude toward tribes in the last 200 years. There are a lot of rules and regulations that have been ,ritten into law by congress and we are working really hard not only with congress meant and senators but the administration and agencies, too. Look at them from the last 200 years and make them reflect tribes of the 21st century. The infrastructure that tribes have in place right now is almost second to none as far as being able to provide Central Government services for their people. We are working close with both sides of the aisle to make sure that we look closely at the rules and regulations that have been put into place the last 200 years. Our native american line, myrtle beach, South Carolina. This is marie. Go ahead. Clado good morning, mr. Osby. A tribe ofer of north carolina, a state recognized tribe. There are many state recognized tribes, and i was wondering, does your congress do anything to help the state tribes . Usually we are just sort of left out and overlooked. You mentioned there were 500 and some odd tribes, but there really are probably well over 1000 tribes in the u. S. Could you speak on that, please . Much, thank you very marie, for that question. I will have to look up that tribe. Staterecognized tribes, and we do allow the staterecognized tribes to be part of our organization, and we have a number of state recognized tribes that continually for years have come to ourNational Congress, meetings, and participated with us. We have had state recognized tribal members on our executive board on the National Congress of American Indians. We do recognize state recognized tribes, and they are part of our organization. Augusta, michigan. Bob is on our native american line as well. Go ahead, bob. Brian ai wanted to ask question. I am a tribal member in michigan. I was wondering about the Health Care Reform act and how that impacts me as a tribal member. , and iill out a form would like to let every native american know that there is a form available to be exempt from obamacare. I would like to be able to send the government a bill for the cost it costs me to provide health care for myself and for my family. I am located far away from the getrvation, where we can Minimal Health care. But i would like to be able to build the government. If it is anything like the v. A. System, they do not recognize you until they are made aware. Maybe this is how i will make the government aware that i am asneed of my tribal Rights Health care goes. Thank you for that question, bob. Once again, the Affordable Care act had a provision that reauthorize the Indian Health care act so that we never have to deal with it again going back to congress for the reauthorization. It is unfortunate that tribal members who do not live on the who do notot the on the reservation, type of care that they get access for if you look at the needs of Indian Health care, the the need ist 20 about 29 billion. I truly believe this is a treaty item, not a line item, and every tribal member should have Quality Health care access, no matter where they reside. Paul wasresentative quoted as saying, november is native American Heritage month. Focusing on a policy issue, Vice President biden said i met with state and local tribal leaders to discuss the impact of Climate Change. Among your members in the National Congress, what are some of the primary concerns on the issue of Climate Change . Guest that is a great question. Climate change is a great question. My tribe has been in the forefront of Climate Change. To havehe first tribe our Climate Change plan approved by the federal government when only 32 of the 50 states. A are seeing more tribes put lot of resources into Climate Change. If you ever had the opportunity to look at the alaskan tribes in the impact that is having, for the First Time Since time immemorial, some of their villages are washing into the arctic ocean. They are having to put up millions and millions of dollars of retaining walls to keep the ocean out of their villages. We hope we call placebased societies. Our communities have been in one place ands time immemorial, so is having ait serious impact on communities across the nation. Host lets go to cleveland, ohio. Shan, democrats line. Caller i just want to make the personally, as an africanamerican, i feel that the native American People should be running this country entirely. We should have a head of state that is native american. The congress should be more native american, and congress, if not all and the Supreme Court. They should all be run by the native American People because they are the original people, the people who bought up this nation. They know what that is for. Host how many members of congress are native american . Guest that is a good question. I know that we have , and i wentve cole blank there on the other oklahoma representative. Mullin. Rkwayne guest yes, and there are probably others who have native american in their lineage. But i know of those two. Host englewood, new jersey. Ivan, hello there. Caller i wanted to ask if the congress, if they have dialogue or if they Work Together with the native americans from south america, specifically in ecuador . In brazil there . Really at the forefront to environment, their issues are obviously similar to ours here. Thet yes, we just had conference in the United Nations where the Indigenous Peoples from around the world came to new york for the conference in september. We are starting to see this happening around the world, where governments are starting to recognize and work with the Indigenous Peoples in their areas. It has been a long time coming. We are starting to see the tide turning when it comes to these governments around the world recognizing the contributions they have made to each one of these countries. We are starting to see more of that. Host a tweet from jody asked about treaties in particular. Native americans have had every treaty violated, signed by a white man . What is the agency that handles the recourse for that . Guest unfortunately, yes, pretty much every single treaty has been violated and stay one. To look forontinue ways to ensure that these are addressed correctly. We are 21st century tribes, and we finally have the infrastructure in place in our communities that allow us to have a stronger voice with not only local county, state, and federal politicians at all levels, but they are hearing us now and it is great. We are slowly starting to hear these issues being addressed. Host next up, our line for native americans, rapid city, south dakota. Go ahead. Caller i am always wondering this gentleman here is on tv. He is a bureaucrat. Hold on now. Let me speak here. I live on pine ridge. In the government, the managers of the ethnic cleansing that is going on in this nation, he is one of the bureaucrats that manages us. I am just wondering, what are , in bringingdo forth a traditional leadership. Our government is not host hang on the line and listen on the television. We will hear from Brian Cladoosby. Guest thank you. Pine ridge is unfortunately probably the poorest of the poor in the nation. It is third world conditions, and it is really sad there in i know thea, and statistics, the poverty, the unemployment rate. Unfortunately the government never really had a Marshall Plan for a lot of these tribes. Have 238 tribes that are that we are gaining now, but we still have others that are not. It is unfortunate that we have third world conditions out there in the United States. The majority of that is happening on reservations like pine ridge, and it is really sad. Has the gaming industry brought improvement to life on reservations . Guest once again, there was never a Marshall Plan for indian country. Indiandrive across country, you do not see the infrastructure in place like you would see in some of your local cities. You do not see walmart. You cannot not see the banks, the fast food, the big grocery chains. It is very sad. Unfortunately, there was never any economic driver. Some of the tribes have done great work across the nation with economic development, and gaming has been the tool over the last 20 years. A 28t from zero to about billion industry across the nation. It will take a couple of generations to turn around the historic drama that has occurred in indian country, and that can betrays back to the governments policy of kill the indians, save the man, when they policies in the late 1800s. The historical trauma that has occurred there, the Education System my grandfather had to go to a boarding school. The trauma that he experienced there was really sad. The physical abuse, the mental abuse, the sexual abuse. Kids being actually dying kids actually dying in the boarding schools, buried at their boarding schools. The trauma has affected us for a couple of generations and created a society where we have the highest up a whole are great, the highest dropout rate. So gaming has been the , thest alcoholic rate highest dropout rate. So gaming has put a lot of resources into health care, health deals, and that historic trauma. Brian cladoosby is the president of the National Congress of American Indians, joining us this morning from seattle. Thanks for being with us. We appreciate you being with us. We are back tomorrow morning at 7 00 a. M. Eastern with more of your calls and comments. Have a great day. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2014] some news this morning. The Associated Press reports that secretary of defense chuck hagel is resigning after serving since early last year. President obama is expected to announce the resident announced the resignation today. Have the president s announcement of the resignation scheduled for 11 10 live here this morning on cspan and also the White House Briefing live at 1 00 p. M. Eastern. Also live today, president obama will award the president ial medal of freedom to 19 recipients at the white house. That is the nations highest civilian honor. Recipients will be tom live coverage from the white house starts at 2 15 p. M. Eastern on cspan. P. M. , a discussion about jihadist movements and the increase in violence in afghanistan, syria, and iraq. 8 00, a seriest of interviews with retiring members of congress. And carolynpetri mccarthy. We have a lot of talented younger members. Its not