Of my lighting to l. E. D. S. I put probes in all of my electrical meters. I found ways to improve things. Little things, biodegradable trash bags, china paper plates are 100 recycles. I still use them. Trash bags, i would like to use biodegradable trash bags they are shipped 50 on top of each other and eight folded so theyre not on a roll and they dont have a draw string or elastic in them. I wont use them because theyre inconvenient. Its really just packaging and distribution. I have been consulted with austins strategies board, look here is some firsthand knowledge im gaining about trying to live that way with things are easy to adopt and others wont adopt unless we fix the form factor of the delivery of these solutions. Were going to take a break and come back with a new speaker to finish the program. A big round of applause for richard garriott. [applause] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2015 in 2011, nasa cady coleman performed a flute duet with ian anderson founder of the rock band. It was a salute to space flight. Anderson discussed his interest in the space race and then introduced coleman nasas most senior astronaut as an event of the explorer as club in new york city. This is about 50 minutes. Who knew that ian anderson, front man for the seminal rock group jedge row actual is a space aficionado. He was impacted as much by events in the americarussia space race has his fellow baby boomers. Over the years he has wrote space references to his tunes. Welcome, ian, we were honored and wish you were here in person. We understand youre performing in pennsylvania today. That is correct, yes. I am needed elsewhere. Otherwise i would love to be there. Well, we got a lot of astronauts in the audience and space people, so i think the first people people want to know is what got you interested in space in the first place . Well, as you rightly said clearly at a time when we had just come out of a fairly meaningful world war and us young kids growing up in the 50s were aware of first of all, the incredible cultural significance of americas presence in the world at that time. Its obviously aid to come into the war and without woman i dont think we would have won. We first of all have that sense of indebtedness to the u. S. A. , but it led to fascination of what was going on as things developed over those next few years, the impact of american culture, of tvs and movies and then of course the rise of the cold war tensions, the development of Rocket Science and where that took us. I suppose by the time that i was 10 years old i was devouring anything to do with rocket ships and the earliest forms of Science Fiction which were becoming lovely again as a result of american Science Fiction writers available in the u. K. So into my teens, i suppose i got to know a lot of fanciful motions about rocket ri and interplant ri travel. I knew it was intran sickly a little overly optimistic during my lifetime. I concentrated a bit more on the evolution of what was really happening out there in the momentous words of your expresident j. F. K. When he said we choose to go to the moon and do these other things, not because they are easy but because they are hard, which became a bit of a motto in my life. I took great notice of that, it resonated with me as a school boy and along with a mantra of my old school in latin which means let us follow better things. So the optimism about those two mottos have sort of guided me through those years. By the time i got to visit america for the first time in 1969, of course, that was the year of neil and michaels expedition and the big excitement, but the world felt on that momentous day and i think for once, the world gathered and congratulated america as probably close as america has ever come as having universal approval and everybody buying into that little sense of ownership of we homosapiens got there we hopeo tapens did it whether we were americans brits or ruskies. We all shared in that moment. You were so interested in that moment that you wrote a song on the benefit album . Thats correct, yeah. We just touched upon that i suppose the lonely man in the command module Michael Collins who tends to be rather forgotten, but of course it was more or less drawing up straws as to who got to put the boot prints on the lunar surface. The guy who probably had in some ways had the most unenviable job was Michael Collins. We know that contingency plans had to be there if what happened if the other two guys hadnt had made it back. He would have to return home alone to planet earth. It made him in the hours he was alone in the command module, certainly the loneliest man in the universe facing that possibility that he might have to leave his buddies. Given all of your interest in space do you have any interest in spending some money with the russians to fly up to the space station . No, if you asked me to climb up some step ladders to get something from the top shelf im probably going to try to find a willing alternative volunteer because i have no head for heights. I think even getting me to the top of the soyuz rocket, i would be suffering from so much vertigo, i wouldnt be going anywhere. So no, im not made of the right stuff. I am pretty much, im 98 a rock star. [laughter] well, your flute has certainly been up to space and you and your astronaut friend, cady coleman, during a flight duet in 2011. Could you tell us a little bit about that experience and then do the honor of introducing cady to our audience of explorers and astronauts today . I certainly will. I think someone on the radio world in texas who knew a friend or got to know a friend of a friend of cadys, had a relationship, passed the word to me, but she was a keen amateur flute player. Maybe i want to get in touch with her which i did and it was arranged that she would take not only my flute, but her flute because i pointed in the right direction to spend her entire annual astronaut salary of buying a shiny new flute to take into the i. S. S. Mission with her. So she has my flute, her flute she also had a flute from one of the chieftains, an irish folk band and another member of the chief takens. She went heavily armed with weapons of mass destruction in a very, very small allowance of personal baggage. Tonight, ian anderson and i would like to honor uri for his journey 17 years ago and the role they play in the expiration of our universe by sharing some music between earth and space. Ladies and gentlemen of planet earth, give a warm welcome to that space rock chick of the flute, cuddly cady on the outside but a steely hardnosed professional underneath, look out, here comes colonel catherine coleman. [applause] i think the other explorers were taller than me. That was pretty wonderful for me to cen and the what for me to see ian, and the way he comes across and every interaction ive had, he has a respect and knowledge about the program and i think on this journey that we take ever your hearing from several astronauts, you feel privileged to do it and it the same time it is fun to have someone to talk about with and he was one of my favorite people to do that with. The friend of mine in houston had found him for me he mentioned how little we get to take to space and these days we get to take three pounds of things. It is not very much. When i was on my way up, the Space Shuttle Program Delayed just enough to know that there would still be a shuttle coming up there while i was there and what that meant was whatever i took would have away home. Its not so much about getting it up there but getting it home so i had about two weeks to find someone and find some things and bring them. My friend wrote to his manager and said, cady needs one person and not several people, it has to be very efficient and someone who will be reliable and make this happen within a week. He wrote this note to me by email and said, i have been known to be reliable, i take showers and i am white clean and neat quite clean and neat both days. So today i wanted to share a little bit what it has been like for me. I have been an astronaut since 1992 i dont know if it makes me sound old but i am the most senior active astronaut still in line to go back to the space station, having said that the line is pretty long but it is wonderful to be in it. I have flown twice on the shuttle and once on the station and it is a very special place some of the things you have seen today, they are all incremental steps and all of us here who have an interest in exploring, we are all part of these journeys. I thought i would show a series of photographs from the space station heart of things so we can understand more what it was like to go. This is the irish flute i took up for the chieftains, we have talked about fear here several times and i will show you what i do in my job and i am trained and there is every reason to be confident that you can do what you need to do but playing on stage with these people that is scary. Totally scary. [laughter] it is wonderful to have the instruments up there, but before you do this or this, there is a lot of things to learn. I tried to think about what people in the Explorers Club might be most interested in hearing about, you go to a place that looks small but is this my laser . On the top of it working on it. There we go. We live in this piece right here which is about 10 train cars put together, it is quite a large and wonderful lace. Place. Some of the lessons we need are lessons in how to get along with people and to make the most of the experience. This is my favorite picture of going to antarctica and this was my neighborhood, this is the ice in antarctica and this little. Is our camp this little dot is our camp and i was not a camping girl seriously not. Living in a scott tent, amazing they are still the way to go, for six weeks collecting meteorites. Altogether we collected about 1000 meteorites. I had already been to space at the time i went to antarctica and i learned a lot about myself and being in a small group. Four of us were about 250 miles from the south old intents in tents for six weeks. You dont have to be best friends with everyone, you have to figure out that you need to get what you want out of things not by yourself, but you need to be content within yourself. I brought my a picture of my time with our twoyearold and my husband in the back of the room there i was a lastminute replacement for this expedition and i got a phone call from someone that said you were a volunteer for that antarctica thing in three weeks are you still a volunteer . I said absolutely, i will go tomorrow, i will discuss this with my family and will make a Family Decision and i would call you in five minutes but you can think in that yes kind of way while i am gone of the right back. My husband was very supportive and i finally looked at him and said do you realize i am not taking the baby with me. Me . Is he here . He is, in the back. [applause] everyone who goes on adventures here, part of your team is probably not with you where you go. There are all sorts of folks and we have a big some or team in terms of people who make me feel like i can go away and do these things and be doing the right wings by my family. It was an amazing place and i learned a lot about myself and i did get to learn live underwater by myself in a habitat i dont know about the rest of you but when i was up there i did not meet anybody knew. Under the sea you have neighbors, you see the food chain in action. This was a habitat and six of us stayed there, my dad was the supervisor diving salvage for the navy and was into exploring the notion and it was normal exploring the ocean and it was normal and to get to where this diving suit and do my own tradition was very meaningful and a lot of folks that support this were people that knew my dad. This is the bottom of our habitat and the place we stayed a small space few people and you meet every ounce of everybody on your team. Our mission at that point was to understand and exercise tell a robotic surgery i was worried it would be on each other but it turns out it is on these dummies and it was pretty interesting to learn how to do that, i can take out a mean gallbladder if any of you want to stand in line but learning that this kind of robot which is common in hospitals, we could not get the second and third robot arms with us. Part of the reason we have studies is to understand what will keep us from having tell a robotic surgery at the edge of the battlefield where surgeons cannot be so close or on the way to mars and places where things are isolated. We want to understand how to take people like this and bring them to a place we have not been. This is my expedition crew, we are sitting in front, for that journey i wanted to share a little bit of what it was like to do and expedition as a family. This is my husband job and my son jamie and we love to fly and see places from riled wild angles. From their perspective i did not get to vote on when i went so december was the time december 2011. Im sure bill has better pictures of the space museum in moscow but it is a piece of stone and metal that makes a statement this is what it is like to launch into space, it is not an easy thing and this monument says that. And to understand what it was like to live in a different country to realize that this place where everything is different, my mom spent time with those folks having to understand what it was like with them. This is the first woman to go to space and it was really amazing to meet her i met her several times. She wanted to make sure we had tea before i went to space. A wonderful woman. It was a traveling adventure, we traveled in russian airplanes which isnt quite like traveling from here but you meet the folks up front and feel fine about it. When the guy goes down the aisle and picks up the door and takes a big wrench and Bank Something and shuts the door and goes back and bangs something and shuts the door and goes back to the cockpit it is not the most confidence inspiring, but he was confident. Here we are, my stepson josias who is 31. We are in white coats in quarantine. This is our quarantine they invite the press in for a day and this is the sign outside the quarantine and i have a very clever and enterprising husband so even though there are rules there are rules and we follow them but there is always a way. It is nice to say goodbye and i was worried about whether my son would think spaceflight is exciting he is not under arrest but i will say that rockets are rocket but getting to meet the swat team in florida when i launched and the Russian Military those were high on his list. I was sure with the nasa supervision that everybody was doing fine while i was doing my last training exercises and getting ready to go. They were under the leadership of their father. We got to plant a tree, a great russian tradition. It may not look like a tree and probably still doesnt because it was planted in december but that is my tree. My husband said there is a Little Planet at the base of that tree and to me there are all the signs with all these astronauts named on them names on them and it is a special group to be a part of their in part of. I didnt get to launch the rocket, i saw the backup rocket go but we were in for renting at this point that the family gets to see the rocket in the rocket on the pad. This is a demonstration i dont know how that gets on there but if you could turn the sound off completely that would be great. One little question that comes up on the screen i love this because it looks like animation but it is not. It is about a three minute video that shows the launch and getting ready. I like to show how small it is. This is a demonstration of you can you think sound on the computer its well itself. If not we wont do too many videos, this is the hotel you stay in, the russian priest blesses everybody and im waving behind glass and my son and my husband i baked the guys to take i begged the guys take small steps and short ones and they did not this and, the whole film it looks like i am running the rocket. Then lunch. We are up in that tiny little part of their. There. It is hard to describe and watching is terrifying because it takes a long time for the rocket to leave the pad and it is hard when youre watching hoping everything is fine but your inside suddenly it starts and it is going and you realize you are not stopping. I did the same rendezvous 34 orbits that great did and now we are up in the space station this is my favorite scene in the film even though it shows my backside, it is not about floating around it is like living on a different planet and you fly from place to place. This was the launch of my familys point of view walking to the bus saying goodbye. This picture makes me cry because it is hard to leave folks on the ground and i think we explore as families after launch everybody is celebrating and i had 12 friends and family that came to the lunch and john levine, the mountain climbing friend was interested in coming to the Explorers Club and we never spend a saturday together so it was great for us to be together. Now i live vicariously through john because he goes on these cool expeditions. There is the crew, somebody who will look familiar is scott kelly the twin brother of mark kelly married to gabrielle giffords, that happened gabrielle was injured while we were in the space station together and scott is on his way to spend a year in space. He is a neat guy and it was wonderful to be up there, he was commander for part of that time and i will introduce the rest of the crew here. The thing i would like you to look at in this picture is to realize this is a picture of all of us really excited about going to space. And you know, this is a picture of us excited about going to space, if you find a picture of our crewmate in the middle, every picture of him he looks like that not because he is not excited, it is just his way. One of the many lessons we all needed to learn each other learn about each other to get along in a place this big and the small. We had a very important job to do and today is a good day to talk about it and i was the second person to capture a free flying supply ship. In this case we are capturing the japanese supply ship and i am the robotic arm operator and just this morning as Walt Cunningham was finishing his talk the space station crew released the Spacex Dragon which is the fifth of their ships to be at the International Space station. It is something that now happens as a commonplace event for us on board it is not commonplace when this thing comes up next you it is the size of a school bus and this is where that performance factor and knowing you have done your homework comes in and one of the things i tell people when they havent done it before is when it gets there it will be really, really big. Im not trying to be cute, it is distracting to have this thing in the simulator it never looks that big and the reality of capturing it and doing it safely, we happened to capture right over the finger lakes this is just moments after we captured. Everything is safe and i looked out the window and there is lake ontario and the finger lakes and long island and the hudson and you can look off in the corner is cape cod. A good place to capture a supply ship. We get a lot of cool things when we open those packages, chocolates from the russians, pretty cool. This is what we really get from the supply ships which is up there were finding out because we have very little gravity what do liquids really want to do one of the scientific things we learn about, what about combustion and how do things burn . It happens in this dynamic way where the lighter gases are rising and measurements we have to make an less than a second down here we can make over 30 seconds or 40 seconds because those lighter gases are not rising so it is more of a seer and the math more of a sphere and the math is easier and it is a laboratory beyond any other. These are crystals that we can grow i say this is the ugly earth crystal and the Space Crystal but this diagram is the most beautiful thing on the page and this tiny part of it, the water you will call molecule that we did not know the long in the jigsaw puzzle and is perfect to complete the structure. We do a lot of medical experiments and i like it because im doing all the test at the olympic athletes do but i was far from olympic athlete and i was down here the bone Loss Research alone is significant we lose bone 10 times faster than a woman who is 70 years old and has osteoporosis so what she loses in a year i lose in a month. If i dont do something about it. We are learning about exercise and the bad news is exercise is here to stay especially weightbearing exercise, we do that by running on a tread will and we also have a weightlifting machine but it is based on resistance and it can go from six pounds to 600 pounds. There is an infinite amount of work to do and this is what it is like for us or the exercise machine is upside down and down there is the kubla where we take our pictures and look out the window. We exercise two hours per day and i cannot give you anybody elses data but i came back with the same amount of bone that i left with it doesnt mean that it is the same because we do a lot of logic and urine collection because it happens so fast, it is easy to make those measurements by doing those samples and that is what is significant about the spacex release today where the capsule was attached to the space station until this morning. Theyve been doing experiments and it has been released from the space station and let go i have to do my math, at 11 23 pacific is when it is supposed to land in the Pacific Ocean. Those samples that we and astronauts like myself have collected are coming back to earth on the spacex so they can be analyzed down here, it is phenomenal research. That is a phenomenal when to view. I like having a shot where this is taken from a shuttle but it shows you how small the station is in comparison to the earth we took on our mission 60,000 pictures and every time i hit the shutter i said please let it be like a picture bill would take. I love his pictures and i love what they tell you and i know he is in england and i would be voting bill said he will volunteer, but the food is not good. Is a magical place, this is on rapport a las, there was news about a big sunspot it is really an amazing view from up there, very special and educational as well, italy shaped like a boot and i was up there on my First Mission from a guy with a guy from massachusetts with a massachusetts accent and we saw this picture of new england in the daytime in beautiful weather and we looks down and i love to being from a place in western massachusetts with very distinctive geography and you can see kate caught their and al said it looks just like the map. [laughter] today we are closer in the winter it is easier to find your way around because here is the Connecticut River and here is my landmark, cape cod and boston. I live right here in western mass with my husband and fortunately or unfortunately i work fulltime in Houston Texas and we have quite the commuting life. There is an up close and detailed picture i look pictures love pictures were i look straight down and see them in a detailed way and realized everybody down there is doing something and i wonder what it is but there are also views in that room with all the windows that is a different structure than we have ever had and this is something to keep in mind for all the different kinds of exploration how do you experience that exploration . Up until that room we had portholes, that means youre going across the Pacific Ocean and you know hawaii is there somewhere and it goes by fast and is really tiny. Youre always trying to experience things in these glimpses and yet when you have windows all around you and here to you can see something coming and you feel like you are there with your family. Then you see it preceding in the distance receding in the distance and seems like this remind me scenes like this remind me of when you see your home receding in the distance and yet they will still be there and will be home when it is time. It is time for landing. I didnt want to come home one of my fellow astronauts said if i can bring my family with me i would never come home and i feel that way as well i wouldve stayed another six months in a minute but if you are landing you better focus on landing and great gave some nice descriptions kelly likes to say it is like going over Niagara Falls in a barrel on fire full of by a collision with a mack truck. Bill, did you take this picture . Yes. If it wasnt for these i dont know that i would remember what it felt like to be landing. I landed like 1 million, lets say the bigger they are, the harder they fall. I think it was easier to be a smaller person in that case but as beautiful as space was and is much as i love the view sometimes for me it was nice to be home and to be part of the view, this is our farm in western massachusetts, just and unbelievably just an unbelievably gorgeous place. All the different dimensions and the places that we live i show the pictures at the end and in terms of exploring you dont have to go very far and exploration is about a spirit and a way of being present in your surroundings. We have some Pretty Amazing places right here on the planet, in our backyard and a beautiful view, these are all pictures that my husband took. Beautiful places and things just happen and you want to capture that moment and keep it and one of the ways to do that is to take. Is to take pictures. This is a rapport you. This is aurora borealis. We took this picture about two weeks after i came home there is something so wonderful about being home and it is important to remember there are folks who make all that happened and there are friends like john and susan and my family who wore all the hats while i was gone and some of them were funny. He took this picture in space to show he was feeding our child balanced meals and really the times our child eats the worst is when he is with his mother. My husband is a glass artist and is known for making these what planets wild planets. To me, he made these planets long before he and i ever met and he was inspired by Michael Collins who said that when he was in that lunar module that ian anderson referred to when he looked back at the earth he could cover the earth with his some and josh thought that was a sentiment and feeling that kids should understand in our neighborhood. So in that three pounds i managed to bring a planet or two for folks in my family but to me it is a spirit of exploration and some people do this by physically going on the expeditions and some people take the representation and some people tell stories and write movies and books and write music that take us to these places but it all comes to an end it comes down to family knowing you can leave your family at home and they will do ok with their cat that does not know he is not a dog. And i will finish saying in terms of curiosity and exploration, the people younger than all of us they are the answer and they are the ones and they need to have this kind of look and this kind of excitement and here in the Explorers Club you get a big piece of sharing that exploration. This picture of myself and the 134 crew my third grade teacher did not know i would be in this picture, nobody knew even in high school and not for a really long time and that is why we have to take care of all those kids, we dont know who will be in a picture like this or who will be calling us from the space station or calling us from mars to say hello. I know everybody thinks is gone and over because we dont have a Space Shuttle it is a vehicle, it is a way to get to places that we are meant to be and we are meant to go. It is hard to do things without a shuttle but it the same time it was time to retire it and it is a little paralyzing for the program but it is time to be on to these other things that we need to do with our commercial partners doing the things we know how to do, getting people and stuff up. We need to do and take the risks for exploration, for the things you cannot ask the companies to do so we are together in the supply ship business and we are making sure they are doing that part while we are getting on to the business of exploration and taking all the careful steps that we need to do that but i will tell you that some of those steps never change and it is nice to look at the new stuff and things that are not familiar but for some things it is nice to go back and we are a part of all of them. [applause] before we open it to the audience for questions i have a couple questions myself how tall are you . [laughter] it depends where i am, down here on the earth i am 54 and in space im five foot five and a quarter. Is that because of the hair . Im nine feet tall with the hair. [laughter] when i first met you just now i did not recognize you because of all the photos your hair is up in the air, what is the deal . Its that microgravity science, my hair was four inches shorter than this without the weight of gravity you get to figure out what does it really want to do and that is what it does. It wasnt in my way because when you turn your head it stays with you but it was in a lot of other peoples way sometimes. Do you think you will be going up you are one of the active astronauts, we go up on spacex to the space station . I dont care what ship it is seriously. I just want to go. People say would you rather be in a shuttle or it is the taxi, not to belittle any of them but to me it is about being there come a it is about living there and finding out things you cannot do any other place and i fully expect that someone i would love it to be me and you can tell anyone you want and pass that along cspan i would like to go. But it is not my job to go soon there is a line and the line is long and a lot of our newer folks are in the line and it is really important that they are and that they go because in building these vehicles and doing these future exploration things it is not ones and zeros, any of you whove ever been on an expedition, i know youre taken something out of your pack and it did not work the way you expected it to and that is going to happen, you need to have things that are designed by people or at least have their input that really understand what it will feel like to be there and to use that thing. Thats why we need the new people to fly, but if they all get so they dont feel like going i would go. I will ask one more question. I know your friend is a mountain climber, i am a climber myself and there are people in this audience with summative everest sumitted everest. Do you feel any different as a woman on the mountains it is all the same. Some things are just the same except like you never do that into the wind universal. Right . [laughter] up in space it is easier than any camping trip i have ever been on in terms of the bathroom and the privacy and the clothes i had a lot more clothes up in space that i did when i went to antarctica same long underwear for six weeks and proud of it but we are all different and when i was up there i had a marvelous crew of guys and actually there were things that we all had to figure out that were very different and i would say to them, think of it this way when they might be exasperated about something that i might do which i was exasperated about things they did as well and it happens that way and they would look at me and i would say think of it this way, it is only six months, if we were married it would be forever. I think we try to enjoy each others differences and the physical part it is really pretty seamless, i never much about it. Opening up for a couple questions, you in the back. Following up on a question that jim asked that was not answered, if you do correctly get all the right nutrients and exercise, how does one age in space after a long period of time . There are some things that are different and we are still finding out and some of those lessons come right back down here to earth and the osteoporosis lessons are huge and every time one of us has some kind of surgery or something and they take something out everybody wants to see it. I will have a physical the rest of my life once per year and we are looking at some different medical issues, cataracts have been an issue for many folks do to cosmic radiation of their that helps us understand more about my health down here. Pressure on the brain is one of the things that we are looking at where we are seeing some manifested changes in vision id didnt happen to have that i didnt happen to have that. We are also looking at skeletal things what is it mean when you get taller and shorter every time you exercise every signal day and in some ways it remote that are backed disk health and it some ways it may not be the best advantage but the good news is that if the study lots of those things. When you get to do Something Like that, i felt like i could live forever and still feel that way. How are we doing on time . Five more minutes . Yes, you. I could almost empathize with your emotions when you stare at your home and the earth but what were you thinking when you are looking to the other side of the Dark Universe what were your thoughts . I really like the music part but could you tell me what kind of sound you heard up there . What kind of song . Sound . Looking out into space is just beautiful, it is not that much different from down here except to me it looked deeper and was really clear that you were seeing it would change every single second you would see a different part of the deep dark night sky and it was beautiful and in some ways harder to see the constellations because there are so many stars and bodies that you can see but we would have to turn all the lights out and it was one of our favorite things to do to look at space at night and the earth as well. In terms of sound, inside the space station it is quite mechanical fan noise loud. There is a little hum but we have done a lot to silence things and i came back with no degradation in my hearing. Like that noise, one more question, in the space station what did you miss the most from earth from a emotional and physical perspective i miss my family im saying the family group, seriously i missed my family and i missed him a lot and in some ways it is just a wonderful connection to feel, i had every confidence that i would be going back to see them and that the work i was doing up there was really important and it was worth being away from them and i think sometimes it makes you feel very human to miss them, but i didnt actually wish to go home, in fact the day that i left i really wouldve loved to a staid another sixs, the prior six months had shown that everybody on earth was doing just great and that there is so much work to do up there and so much good work and just not enough time to do it and sleep and there is not enough time all of us are just constantly wishing we could have more time up there because the things that you do personally like some of the music stuff that i did to reach out, i think those things are important and the time you spend communicating with the public and making video or Media Projects that can be shared, that time is really important and the experiments themselves that you either really have a hand in or maybe just enable or turn on or unpack and put in the right machine there is all levels of participation and all those things are invaluable
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