To cyber meddle in the elections. Might this be putins test drive for the 2020 american polls . Ill ask the man who heads up googles Sister Company that monitors and counters cyber attacks. Then the 2008 mumbai attacks. A city invaded by terrorists who killed scores of people but also a city that fought back. These stories and a new film. Ill talk to the star, dave pat patel. First, heres my take. One of the great strengths of the democracy is that bad policies are often reversed. Thats a consolation when we look at the flurry of pandering programs being enacted as the populist wave works its way through the western world. When a new government is elected, much of this can be undone. Except for brexit, which if it goes through, might prove to be the most profound and Lasting Legacy of this decade. Britain, famous for its prudence, propriety, and punctuality, is suddenly looking like a Banana Republic as it makes reckless decisions, misrepresents reality, and now wants to change its own selfimposed deadline. As the british quarterly writes, brexit has always been a solution in search of a problem. Brexists want to leave the eu but euroskeptics see the eu as a free market juggernaut, thats why they dont like it. All those other countries, 27 countries, have it backwards, or Britains Conservative Party has gone nuts. When i asked Ann Applebaum last week how historians would understand the road to brexit, she suggested it all centers around the conservative party. The tories could possibly claim to be the most significant Political Party of the 20th century, governing britain for most of that period, producing churchill, thatcher and other iconic western states mmen. But after the cold war, the right faced an identity crisis. In america, this mobilized the republicans to emphasize social and cultural issues like abortion, gay rights and immigration. In britain, tories found themselves in the same mushy middle that Prime Ministers tony blair inhabited. Were all weary of the drama. Division keep in mind, brexit will be a disaster. Britains economy is competitive and productive only in high manufacturing and services, which depend on integration with europe. The Foreign Policy might prove to be even more consequential. Within a few years scotland and Northern Ireland will probably loosen their ties to britain in order to maintain their association with europe. The United Kingdom will then be reduced to just england and tiny wales. London, a city that has shaped Global Affairs for 250 years, will become the wests dubai, a place where lots of money sloshes around, but with no great consequence. Britain has been a crucial voice in the community for free markets, openness, efficiency and an outward looking Foreign Policy. It has a powerful army that it deploys. As nonwestern countries like china rise, the central question of International Relations is, can the International System built by the west that has produced peace and prosperity for 75 years last . Or will the rise of china and india and the revival of russia erode it and return us to what some call the jungle of International Life marked by nationalism, protectionism, and war . The world order as we know it was built over two centuries during the reigns of two liberal anglo superpowers, britain and the United States. Brexit will mark the end of britains role as a great power. And i wonder whether it will also mark the day that the west as a political and strategic entity began to crumble. For more go to cnn. Com fareed and read my Washington Post column this week. And lets get started. We will get back to brexit in a bit. First, the massacre in christchurch, new zealand. The death toll is now up to 50. More people were killed in one hour on friday in two mosques in christchurch that were killed in all of new zealand in 2017. New zealands Prime Minister has vowed to change her countrys gun laws and her cabinet is meeting tomorrow to start those discussions. Joining me now are the president and ceo of the International Rescue committee. He was the uks foreign secretary from 2007 to 2010. The ceo of the think tank new america. She was a top official in Hillary Clintons state department. And the founder and president of the eurasia group, a global risk consultancy. Let me start with the big picture on new zealand. And donald trump was trying to suggest something. I want to ask you, ian, whether its true, which is, this is not a big deal in the sense that it is not a global phenomenon. I think that, again, he was implying its not like islamic terrorism which is, you know, a widespread phenomenon with many centers, states that have promoted it over the years. These are oneoff events, and while theyre terrible and tragic, i think thats what trump was trying to get at. Is that a fair point . Its not a fair point if you look at the United States itself in the last ten years, if you want to look at all of the extremist violence in the u. S. 70 of those attacks have been carried out by White Supremacists on the right. There is still of course a danger of islamic terrorism in the United States. Globally the numbers are much more tilted towards islamic terrorism. Most of that violence, a staggering, overwhelming number is muslim terrorism on other muslims. Within syria, for example. Once you take out those numbers, the numbers go way down. Absolutely. If the argument is that the United States has overspent and overhyped fear about extremist violence and terrorism as a whole post9 11, the answer so that is certainly, yes, in the context of what else we could be spending that money on. But im pretty sure thats not the message President Trump was trying to put across to his supporters last week. David, what does one do about this . You have some segment of the white population that is enraged by immigration, by what they see as a changing culture. How should politicians deal with this . The first thing, the numbers you cited at the beginning are shocking. But the most terrible thing about this week is that in some ways we shouldnt be shocked. We had the attack on the mosque, we had the attack on the tree of life synagogue in pittsburgh. This is a global movement, founded on hate, on the idea that western societies are being, quote unquote, invaded by other people. That says youve got to think both about defense, youve got to think about how do you make sure that you track these people, find them, ensure that gun laws are of the appropriate find. But youve also got to play offense because their hateful ideology, what hope not hate, an organization in the uk dedicated to what these essentially fascist organizations are up to, what theyre talking about is an ecosystem of far right state. That takes offense, if youre going to break it up and it doesnt become a global movement. I dont think people know that, to my knowledge, most of the effort of western Security Services is now dedicated towards the danger of far right extremism, more effort dedicated to far right extreme and its potentially violent impact than it is to islamic terrorism. And obviously they feed off each other. And thats the other element of this that i think we have to watch. The ecosystem of hate, as david says, have you been surprised by how many of these kind of groups there are in the United States, in europe, and places like australia and new zealand . No, because this is, its a movement. Its a white power movement. It is a terrorist movement that has a common both ideology and methodology. And its very deliberately trying to fly under the radar by portraying people as lone wolves, as disturbed individuals, when actually they are in touch and theyre also citing each other. The shooter in new zealand cited the norwegian shooting, cited dylann roof in charleston. At least in the United States we simply have not paid enough attention to white problem issist violence, white power. We pay much more attention on the left. But as ian said, 70 of the attacks in the United States since 9 11 have been extremist violence on the right. What do you make of the manifesto . Weve talked a little bit in the United States, everybody said hes been inspired by President Trump. 74 pages, theres one reference to President Trump, he likes what hes doing in terms of supporting whites but also doesnt support his policies. Overwhelmingly hes talking about europe. This was a person radicalized much more inside europe, inside france. He says merkel is public enemy number one, he calls for the death of erdogan. The level of identity politics. The most popular nonfiction literature a few years ago was the submission which was all about the muslims taking over. If you want to talk about where some of these ideas have ge germinated and exploded around the world, its not from the United States. We like to think its all about us. Well have to come back to all of this later. When we come back, well talk about brexit and what the hell happens next. Mptoms following y . For adults with moderately to severely active crohns disease, stelara® works differently. 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Dont start humira if you have an infection. Ask your doctor about humira citratefree. Heres to you. I am proud of you, my man. Making simple, smart cash back choices. With quicksilver from capital one. Youre earning unlimited 1. 5 cash back on every purchase, everywhere. Like on that new laptop. Quicksilver keeps things simple, gary. And smart, like you and i like that. I guess i am pretty smart. Dont let that go to your head, gary. Whats in your wallet . Thanksmrs. Murphy. Unitedhealthcare, hi, i need help getting an appointment with my podiatrist. Hows wednesday at 2 . I cant. Dog agility. Tuesday at 11 . Nope. Robot cage match. How about the 28th at 3 . Done. With Unitedhealthcare Medicare advantage plans, including the only plans with the aarp name, theres so much to take advantage of. From scheduling appointments to finding specialists, its easier to get the care you need when you need it. It was an extraordinary week in british politics. For those keeping score at home, this week members of parliament voted down Prime Minister mays second try at a brexit deal, against the possibility of a second referendum, and voted to ask the eu to delay the deadline for bricexit, which is now just2 days away. David, youre the brit here. What is going to happen on tuesday . First of all, you called my country a Banana Republic in your introduction. I must say that grieves me very, very deeply. This is not a laughing matter, for all that you are enjoying this, because the truth is that the referendum that was held three years ago has driven a stake into the heart of Parliamentary Representative democracy. Its left mps not knowing what their job is. Is it to use their judgment in the best interests of the country or was it to follow the direction of the people that itself was completely unclear in its meaning. Another distinguished commentator in the world today called britain a global joke, so youre not alone in this. Where we are today is that mrs. May has said if you dont follow me, then im afraid theres a gun on the table, youre going to have to blow your brains out. I still think theres better than even chance that shell get her deal on tuesday or conceivably wednesday. And that deal means . Thats exactly the right question. It means britain will leave but it does not define the future relationship of britain and the European Union. All the arguments that it will prolong the agony and fuel the far right, mrs. Mays deal is shown to be only a quarter of the way towards the long term relationship britain needs on economics, security policy, all of it. What mrs. Mays deal offers is more agony for britain. The parliamentary arithmetic, plus, i have to say, the real fear of the labor leadership of going in for another referendum, means shes likely to get it and that will only presage further real trouble for the uk economically. Theres already been an economic cost. But also politically. When you were at the state department, you dealt a lot with your european counterparts. How do you think the europeans are looking at all this and looking at britain go through a kind of National Trauma slash suicide . I think with amazement, its watching britain essentially commit suicide, as your column makes clear. Many europeans say this will actually strengthen the eu, because we talk about an frexit and everybody conceivable version of that, but looking at how hard it actually is and what its doing to business means its strengthening the rest of the eu. On the other hand, its a terrible thing because the eu will be weaker without britain. And just watching a country selfdestruct. Someone wrote in the ft, at the end of the day they cannot leave, the economic logic is too compelling, and you will end up with a norwaytype situation where there is some association with europe, they will accept most of the rules. Is that the most likely outcome . The other side of davids call, where may get her deal in the runup to the final deadline is that they decide they cant get that because a longer extension is plausible. It goes beyond the term limits of european parliamentary elections, a ninemonth, 12, some even say 21month delay. What weve seen from parliamentarians in the uk, to the extent you can avoid taking tough decisions that you personally dont want to be responsible for, just like in the u. S. , youre willing to do that. I think thats reasonably likely. I will also say most of the real pain of brexit is already being experienced. The uk has already lost a lot of that credibility, its capacity to be a global leader. A lot of the jobs have already gone away. The trajectory of the uk economy has already deteriorated compared to the eu economy. As we get through not just these votes but the additional years of working out how that transition actually occurs, the other shoe that were all waiting to drop will have slowly, slowly hit the ground. David, why is the left not playing a role here of saying, we demand a second referendum, we will campaign on it, britains future is inex r ekex tied to europe . There are two reasons. The first reason is some of the labor leaders themselves are extremely skeptical about the european. Jeremy corbyn spoke against joining the European Union. He believes britain should put up the shutters and build an economy at home. The second reason is fear of electoral consequences. Twothirds or 77 of labor voters voted to stay in the European Union but a significant number of labor seats voted to leave the European Union. In my district, no tory had been elected since 1832 but it voted 65 to leave. Among some labor figures theres a fear of the electoral consequences of being seen to deny the electorate what they voted for. I spent three years as foreign minister arguing against a referendum. I quoted mrs. Thatcher, referendums are the refuge of dictators and demagogues and in a parliamentary democracy you risk a referendum, youre risking a democratic process. Thats what britain is struggling with today. But now you think the only way to undo the ill effects of the referendum is to have a second referendum . Paradoxically. You cant stop the Brexit Process simply by anulling it. It will take a doubling down. And i would say this, which is important, in ireland, deep questions of national identity, of abortion, of gay rights, have been solved with referendums, doubling down to try and mitigate that democragogicdemag dictatorial process. Fascinating. Next on gps, how did america go from having the top Life Expectancy in the world to among the worst among developed nations in the world today . Sanjay gupta has a fascinating report. Hell be with us when we come back. finish the job because they dont relieve nasal congestion. Flonase sensimist is different. It relieves all your worst symptoms, including nasal congestion, which most pills dont. Its more complete allergy relief. And all from a gentle mist you can barely feel. Flonase sensimist helps block six key inflammatory substances. Most pills only block one. And six is greater than one. Flonase sensimist. To be nobody but yourself in a world which is doing its best to make you everybody else. Means to fight the hardest battle, which any human being can fight and never stop. Does this sound dismal . It isnt. Its the most wonderful life on earth. But prevagen helps your brain with an ingredient its the most wonderful life on earth. Originally discovered. In jellyfish. 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Stay connected while you move with the best wifi experience and twohour appointment windows. Click, call or visit a store today. And now for our what in the world segment. One of the experts in dr. Sanjay guptas new hbo documentary tell him that health gives us a measure of how were doing as a society. If thats the case, American Society is in trouble. Take just two statistics. Life expectancy has been on the decline in america for the last three years. That hasnt happened in 100 years, the documentary points out. Then theres this. In the 1960s, the film says, americans had among the highest leaf expectancy in the world. Now it ranks toward the bottom of the list of major developed cities. Sanjay is chief medical correspondent as well a practical brain surgeon. Hes diagnosed the heart of the problem in a new film called one nation under stress, it premiers 9 00 p. M. Eastern on hbo on march 21st. Sanjay, among blacks mortality rates are declining. Its not hispanic. Its whites, mostly between 45 and 54, mostly with a high school but not a college education. And you say that what that tells us is that this medical problem is caused by essentially inequality and dashed expectations. Yeah, thats really it. When you look at these numbers you just quoted, fareed, first of all, look at other wealthy nations around the world that may have gone through some of the challenges, ups and downs of the labor economy. They dont have the same problems, their mortality rates continue to go down, Life Expectancy goes up. What is specific to the United States, what is specific to whites and what is specific to the White Working Class, as you said, fareed . The idea that these are the sons and daughters of the greatest generation. The idea was they were supposed to inherit the earth, or certainly inherit the United States at least at a minimum. That did not happen. Automation, outsourcing, jobs left, wages went down and now they find themselves dying at that faster rate, fareed, than any other cohort in the world. Again, prepared to developed nations, compared to other populations within the United States. The White Working Class in particular continues to decrease in leaf expeife expectancy. This idea of dashed expectations causes a psychological trauma thats actually welldocumented. Theres this amazing monkey study you show in the documentary. Yeah, we wanted to approach this from a sociological angle but also a developmental biology angle. This particular experiment, you have two monkeys, capuchin monkeys, they do a task and get a reward, a cucumber, over and over again. The one on the right receives a grape. The one on the left recognizes this, gets a cucumber again, sniffs at it and throws it back at the examiner. They were perfectly happy with the cucumber over and over again but now the glaring inequality, the glaring injustice is obviously causing stress levels in that monkey on the left because they now see that th inequality facetoface. Whats interesting is the stress levels went up in the monkey on the left. Subsequent experiments show the stress levels go up for the monkey on the right as well. No matter where you are on the spectrum, it turns out, living in a society that has glaring inequality is bad. Its unstable. Its unsettling. And its stressful. Thats part of what we saw. You have a friend, you guys grew up in michigan together, and you say hes a middle class kind of guy and yet he is more stressed than you. A brain surgeon who also has a cnn job. Explain how that could be. People tend to equate business and amount of work that you have to do with stress. Thats actually not as big a predictor, we found, of the sort of toxic stress that were talking about. When youre sort of middle management or middle class, whatever, first of all, you could easily become upwardly mobile but you can also become downwardly mobile. You constantly have this sort of feeling of, you dont know where youre going to go. That loss of control, that inability to feel autonomous with regard to your own destiny, that turns out to be very, very stressful as well. So people often think of the very poor, People Living on the fringe, as having the most stress, and for lots of reasons they do, but if youre constantly worried about coming down or going up, youre not sure which, for my friend frankie, thats probably the most stressful thing in his life. Fascinating. Sanjay gupta, thank you so much for joining us. Make sure to watch the documentary. Thank you, fareed. One nation under stress premiers on hbo on march 25th at 9 00 p. M. Next on gps, ukrainians will go to the polls in two weeks time to elect a president. Russia is already meddling in the election. Will the vote be hacked . And what can america learn as it prepares for its 2020 election . Back with that story in a moment. You get straightforward advice, tailored recommendations, taxefficient investing strategies, and a dedicated advisor to help you grow and protect your wealth. Fidelity wealth management. Woman 1 i had nogrow symptoms of hepatitis c. Man 1 mine. Caused liver damage. Vo epclusa treats all main types of chronic hep c. Vo whatever your type, ask your doctor if epclusa is your kind of cure. Woman 2 i had the common type. Man 2 mine was rare. Vo epclusa has a 98 overall cure rate. Man 3 i just found out about my hepatitis c. Woman 3 i knew for years. Vo epclusa is only one pill, once a day, taken with or without food for 12 weeks. Vo before starting epclusa, your doctor will test if you have had hepatitis b, which may flare up, and could cause serious liver problems during and after treatment. 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The current president poroshenko is close behind, as his his vice president. Many observers believe one of the candidates is there to siphon votes away from another candidate with the same name. There are lessons to be learned as america prepares for its own president ial election next year. Jared cohen joins me now, a former Top State Department official who runs jigsaw, which is googles Sister Company that among other things works to combat fake news and hack attacks. Its sort of like googles geostrategic arm. You are the ceo. Why would you go to ukraine of all countries . Fareed, first of all thank you for having me. The question i would ask is why would i not go to ukraine. Ukraine is an Innovation Hub for the most nefarious cyber activity happening in the world. You have innovation in disinformation, hacking traditional infrastructure. In addition to the deployment the these attacks in a military context. Why now in ukraine . Were all thinking about how do we make sure theres not a repeat of 2016 in 2020. In my view there is nothing that russia wont do to the u. S. That they wont do first in ukraine, and worse. We wont solve the problem by just analyzing the president or just looking backwards. We have to forecast whats going to happen. If im going to forecast whats going to happen, my goal is to find the places that our adversaries are using as target practice. You went to ukraine, youve been to part of Eastern Ukraine that is sort of occupied by the russians. What did you learn about what theyre doing . First, we saw a number of tactics weve never seen before. Were seeing the systematic and customized targeting of disinformation on messaging platforms. Its clear the new front for disinformation is platforms where the barrier of entry is a phone number. Its much more believable if somebody is in your contacts list, you get information from them, youre much more likely to believe it. Were seeing the manipulation of audio and the spoofing the phone calls. Were seeing manufactured revenge porn, manufactured hacking of emails that get dumped onto the public domain. Were seeing a growing ecosystem of illicit merchants who are selling these capabilities on the deep and dark web. When i hear all this, it sounds very difficult to figure out how to counter it. Do you think the American Government is on top of this . Do you think the Trump Administration is sufficiently attentive to it . Whats interesting about ukraine, we care about protecting the election but ukraine is an important Foreign Policy priority. If we connect the two, we look at building resilience in the ukraine as a way to protect our own election. Ukraine has world class engineering talent and also understands geopolitics just because of where they live, israel being the other example. The problem is Civil Society doesnt have the technology expertise. All the engineers want to work in ecommerce and theyre losing the commercial advantage to belarus right next store. If you look at what the u. S. Government can do, the u. S. Government has lots of mechanisms to support Civil Society, lots of resources to support Civil Society. And it does it all around the world. But the u. S. Government can bring those two ecosystems together and build world class companies, invest in world class capabilities to fight disinformation in ukraine. This is already happening with cybersecurity. All of us rely on top world class talent for dealing with hacking and traditional cybersecurity issues in ukraine because theyre the best in the world. The same too can be true for disinformation. Is the Trump Administration sort of attentive enough to how malign russia is . Let me ask you, does it strike you this is all coming out of russia, out of the kremlin, and the attempt is to delegitimize the ukrainian election . There is certainly an attempt to delegitimize the ukrainian election, particularly at a moment when the russians dont have a chance of having their candidate win, running too low in the polls. On the one hand you have democracy working pretty well in ukraine right now because nobody knows whos going to get to the second round, let alone who is going to win. On the other hand that ambiguity makes it more of a target for russia. What were also seeing is the democratization of these capabilities. The iranians were all of a sudden making similar attempts in the u. S. Midterm elections. Weve seen other countries get into the game. Russia has a particular focus on ukraine. But the capabilities are going to be on full display for other countries to latch onto. There are certainly plenty of countries out there that have an interest and incentive to disrupt the u. S. President ial elections. Let me switch tacks and ask you, you watched the new zealand attacks, of course, and you hear about how much of it was an online phenomenon. The terrorists were in some sense fed the stuff online. They posted online. Then they broadcast online. Does social media have a responsibility . How should we think about that online component . Well, of course they have a responsibility. As i look at the horrific attacks in new zealand, theres a long tradition of deeply disturbed people espousing hatred and engaging in violent acts in response. Whats different in the social media era is the access that they have to niche communities that arent constrained by geography. And the access they have to instant superficial internet fame. Those two incentives are new in the era of social media. And sometimes, some of those niches that the internet has created are wonderful things, it allows all the stamp collectors of the world to kind of reinforce each other and gain camaraderie. But it also provides this dark side for people who are did he mea are demented. Not to disregard all the benefits of the internet, but we need to Pay Attention to the darker side. Fascinating. Jared cohen, pleasure to have you on. Thank you, fareed. Next on gps, the inside story of an earlier terror attack, now a feature film, hotel mumbai, all about the heroes of the 2008 attack on that city. Ill talk to the star, dave