Cabinet. You see some there. And President Trumps former defense secretary, jim mattis, listen to this, he is giving joe biden some free advice on how not to deal with other world powers. Were going to have more for you on that in a moment. And biden and excuse me, Vice President elect Kamala Harris are meeting virtually with the conference of mayors right now. This is all happening as another drug giant is announcing the successful results of a Covid Vaccine trial. It is welcome news, obviously, for a country still shattering its own hospitalization records and right as Health Experts warn the thanksgiving holiday could lead to a tsunami of new cases. Lets start with this lets go to cnns jessica dean who is following the president s transition. Jessica, as i mentioned, former secretary mattis, no stranger to setting the record straight on where he disagrees with this current administration, but this news coming out about what he is saying to joe biden is a pretty big deal. What is it that hes telling him . Reporter right. This statement of part of a piece that he wrote, i want to read you part of it because it becomes very clear what his message is. He writes, in january, when President Joe Biden and his National Security team begin to reevaluate u. S. Foreign policy, we hope they will quickly revise the National Security strategy to eliminate America First from its contents, restoring in its place the commitment to cooperative security that has served the United States so well for decades. Again, that coming from former secretary of Defense James Mattis who did resign his position back in 2018 over disagreements with President Trump over the treatment of allies of the United States. But pretty remarkable to see those words. Of course, America First, the keystone to so much of trumps Foreign Policy. To see mattis putting it in writing saying they should have nothing to do with that as the Biden Administration moves forward. Brooke . What else do you know about other Biden Cabinet choices . Reporter they are making some big moves today, announcing their first cabinet nominees and appointees. I want to walk you through a few of them. A big name here, Antony Blinken will be secretary of state. He has a longstanding relationship with joe biden as a Foreign Policy adviser, served as his National Security adviser when he was Vice President. Jake sullivan, again, another longtime Foreign Policy adviser from the campaign. He will head up the nsa. He will be the youngest person to do so. Linda thomasgreenfield will be nominated to be the u. N. Ambassador. She comes with 35 years of experience in foreign service. Alejandro myorkas to be nominated for the Homeland Security secretary. He would be the first latino and immigrant to hold that position if confirmed. John kerry, of course, familiar face. Hes going to be a special environmental Climate Change zoor. And interesting czar. And interestingly, will sit on the nsa, as well. Thats the first time someone on the team will focus in as Climate Change as a threat to National Security. Finally, avril haines, director of national intelligence, would be the first woman to hold that post. Again, on the campaign trail and since hes been elected, weve heard joe biden and Kamala Harris say they want to put together a team that looks like america. And thats diversity across the spectrum. Youre seeing that play out in these first appointees and cabinet nominees. All of this noteworthy. Again, to have the first latino, first immigrant heading dhs thats a mighty big deal. Jessica dean, thank you so much for running through all of that for us. As i mentioned a second ago, the outgoing president is facing this growing list of legal losses as he is still fighting to overturn the Election Results. At least 30 cases have either been tossed out by judges or withdrawn by his own attorneys. Now there is disagreement from within the president s own team. His lawyers are now distancing themselves from attorney sydney powell after her conspiracy theories became a little too much even for President Trump. Trump himself fielding calls over the weekend about powell herself. Cnns Kaitlan Collins is live at the white house. So what is going on here . Reporter well, despite the fact that sydney powell spoke at length at that press Conference Last Week along with the rest of the president s legal team, they now have put out a statement trying to distance themselves from sydney powell saying that she does not represent the president on his legal team or in his personal capacity in any kind of manner. Though, of course, she did speak there last week. And one of the conspiracy theories that shes been pushing about these Voting Machines basically arguing that people voted for donald trump and it was switched to joe biden. Something that she has made this claim with no evidence what so ever while insisting that foreign powers were involved is a conspiracy that the president has amplified to his 80 million followers and repeated publicly. What seemed to be that got to the president was the constant criticism of sydney powell. She was being described as an embarrassment by people like Chris Christie after accusing the georgia governor of crimes with no evidence. You saw Tucker Carlson also go after her saying she provided no evidence to back up her claims last week. And so were told by sources that the president is getting phone call after phone call from people over the weekend saying that he had to drop her from his team because she was basically in effect embarrassing him. So i think thats what led to that statement coming out last night. But you were still very much seeing the president try to contest the outcome of this election, making these desperate attempts that are not working out clearly. But all while that is going on, we should note the president is still continuing to fundraise. Theyve sent over 330 emails since the night of the election trying to fundraise from his supporters and while theyre arguing this a lot of that is going toward this election defense fund, as theyre calling it, we also know a lot of it is going toward the president s new Political Action committee thats going to help him maintain his influence, at least financially over the gop for the next several years. So theyre arguing that theyre trying to do this to help fight these battles in court. Were consistently seeing a string of court losses for the president , at least 30 cases have been withdrawn or lost by the Trump Campaign or its republican allies in just the last several weeks alone. Brooke . So we know hes tweeting, we know hes fundraising do we know where he is today . Reporter no. We actual havent seen the president today. They had a Christmas Tree ceremony at the white house, but you only saw the first lady there. The president did not attend. Hes not at any Public Events on his schedule since on friday. He did golf over the weekend. But this is this larger pattern that is so unusual for this president. Its probably the quietest period of his entire presidency where youve seen him stay behind closed doors. And while of course its not quiet, as we noted whats going on with the legal fights, youre not seeing the president call in to fox news like he did before, youre not seeing him on twitter every single day constantly, though he has been on twitter a lot. Youre not seeing him take questions from reporters, as he did not on friday when we saw him in the briefing room. He still made false claims about the election, but hes obviously not comfortable backing it up by talking about it and answering questions from reporters which is incredibly rare for in president. So in the midst of a global pandemic, this president is mia today. Awesome. Kaitlan collins, thank you. This hour we are watching two key states that could essentially put an end to the president s efforts to overturn this election. Pennsylvania is supposed to certify most of its Election Results today although the Trump Campaign has said they hope to take those all the way to the Supreme Court, and then you have michigan. Right now the board of kansasers is meeting to certify the Election Results which would formally grant president elect joe biden the 16 electoral votes. But one of two republicans on that board may vote against that certification. So cnns Diane Gallagher is live for us in lansing, michigan. You have been watching all of this so closely all day. I know if this one republican votes against certification, will that have any effect on the overall process . Reporter not necessarily, brooke. So heres the thing there are four members of the board. Two are republicans, and two are democrats. One of the republicans signaled before the meeting even began to people in the community, to a gop congressman, that he was not planning to vote for certification. And his line of questioning and some of his comments so far during this meeting have indicated he seems to be sticking to that. But all eyes have been on the other republican, aaron van langveld. Theyve been waiting. He didnt say anything before the meeting, and he came out and essentially said when it began, look, it seems like this is what we have to do. We are tasked with certifying these countycertified results, reviewing them and certifying them. I want you to listen to what he was saying when a representative for Republican Senate candidate here in michigan was talking and trying to say that he thought the board should delay certification while investigations could happen. We can agree to disagree. But i think the law is on my side here. Our duty is very simple, and its a duty. We have no authority to request an audit, to delay or block certification, to review inaccuracies that happened at the local level. Reporter so it sounds like if he votes to certify, which is what sort of lines of questioning there sounds like, then it would be certified because they need three of the four to vote for certification. If for some reason it is deadlocked 22, it would then go to the court system and begin playing out there, brooke. Okay. Waiting for that decision to come down any minute. Thank you so much for now in lansing. My next guest says President Trump is, quote, creating a roadmap to destabilization and chaos. Whats he referring to specifically . Well talk about that and just the legal challenges for this president. Also, a new potential breakthrough on the vaccine front. Yes, another one. Astrazeneca says its candidate is 70 effective on average against coronavirus. 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We can create a kinder, more inclusive world for the millions of people on the autism spectrum. Go to autismspeaks. Org. And at fidelity, youll get planning and advice to help you prepare for the future, without sacrificing whats most important to you today. Because with fidelity, you can feel confident that the only direction youre moving is forward. To stir that fire, university of phoenix is awarding up to one Million Dollars in scholarships through this month. See what scholarship you qualify for at phoenix. Edu. In a whole new way. Now roomba vacuums exactly where you need it, and offers personalized cleaning suggestions for a clean unique to you and your home. Roomba and the irobot home app. Only from irobot. Were back here watching cnn, im brooke baldwin. Thank you for being with me. We are still waiting for word to see whats going on in michigan. The board of canvassers is meeting now, listening to all these comments before address g ing whether or not they will certify the Election Results today. One of the two republican Board Members signaled he plans to vote against certification. The other indicated today that he would vote in favor of certification. Meanwhile, the president s legal Team Moving Forward with longshot efforts to overturn the election, despite having lost dozens of cases since election day. And this isnt just a spectacle lasting for a news cycle, this could have serious implications for the future and our elections. I want to get to that with my next guest. So i have cnn political reporter nia Malika Henderson and chairman of the federal Election Commission and founder and president of the Campaign Legal center. Welcome to both of you. Trevor, i want to jump in first with you. As were still waiting with regard to michigan, what in the law allows this republican to vote not to certify . Like how is he allowed to make that decision personally . Hes really not given that discretion. This is an automatic act. The law says that they shall certify once the votes have come from all of the counties in michigan. And every county has certified their results to the state board. So this is a ministerial function. What theyre saying is we got the results from the counties, here are the results. And thats not discretionary. Its worse than that because the reason that the one republican has given for the possibility of voting against certification, appears to have tipped his hand and said he will, is that there are 300 votes in question meaning theyre not certain about them in wayne county, out of a statewide margin of 145,000. Right. So even if there were a problem with all 300 votes, it would make no difference to the certification and the statewide total. On the point, on the margin this is all about, you know, if youre living in michigan, youre thinking, well, this is just disenfranchising the states voters when youre hearing this person would vote against it. Nia, when you look at the numbers, biden leads trump in michigan by more than 150,000 votes. Thats current. Four years ago, trump won michigan by a little less than 11,000 votes. Quite a different margin. Yet four years ago, you know, there wasnt this certification circus. Yeah. You had Hillary Rodham clinton who was gracious in her, although and you have donald trump doing something very differently, essentially being a sore loser. He is also i think pinpointing specific voters he want to disenfranchise, that is africanamerican voters in wayne county, in detroit. Those are the places where local officials have zeroed in on and alleged something was going on in those regions. Whats interesting is that most of these local officials have held the line against donald trump. They havent budged. In many ways the law doesnt allow for them to budge in many ways. But you had donald trump summon these folks to the white house. So they still said that they were going to stand by the results of this election. It will likely maybe well see something of a delay, we certainly see the circus, and thats what you get when you have donald trump. But it is in some ways heartening to see the process at this local level working even though theyve had attempts to disenfranchise particularly africanamerican voters in some of these cities. That seems to be on the way to failing. So to trevor to nias point, all right, Glass Half Full is, all right, great, the process at the local level is working. You know, looks to all systems go on this. But you know, you point out Bigger Picture that trump is really creating a roadmap per parties to actually challenge Election Results in the future. How do you mean . I think this is delayed for the sake of delay. Its not going anywhere. Biden will end up being certified one way or the other as the winner in michigan. But if this were a much closer election, if michigan made the difference in the electoral college, then the possibility that the loser would refuse to accept defeat and essentially ask for a doover with a Different Group of voters, which is what were talking about here, the idea that all the votes from wayne county, which is detroit, a predominantly black city, should be thrown out because there are questions with the poll books involving 300 votes, and are you saying that that actually could happen if the margin of victory is so slight, those votes in a future election could get thrown out because of whats happening right now . Had is what im saying that is what im saying. Its not going to happen this year. If four years from now we have a close election depending on one or two states, what trump is trying to do here is to say if i dont like the will of the voters, theres another way around it. I can get somebody else to decide this election. Either state legislators, which i think would be illegal, but thats one of his routes, or somehow getting it thrown into congress and let the house of representatives decide it rather than the voters who have made their decision. And i think thats a really dangerous road for him to have tried to go down here. Thats why whats happening here matters so, so much. Trevor, thank you. N nia, great to see you. Hosting the show earlier. Well look for you tomorrow. Thanks. Coming up next, another drugmaker reports positive results for a potential Covid Vaccine. Astrazeneca reports its vaccine is 70 effective on average. How that stacks up with the others, well let you know next. And now your copilot. Still a father. But now a friend. Still an electric car. Just more electrifying. Still a night out. But everything fits in. Still hard work. Just a little easier. Still a legend. Just more legendary. Chevrolet. Making lifes journey, just better. Chevrolet. You can do better, steve get a freshly made footlong, from subway® you can even order on the subway® app did i just get picked off by Deion Sanders . You sure did now in the app, get a free footlong when you buy two. Because its footlong season™ the United States surpassing 12 million covid cases. While a third promising potential vaccine was Just Announced today, the cdc is warning americans not to let our guards down. Heres nick watt. Reporter that was the busiest weekend for air travel since the pandemic began. More than a Million People passed through americas airports yesterday. The one thing i can get out this year that will make my life a little better. Reporter cdc guidance is clear dont travel over thanksgiving. Its just a recommendation. Not a rule. Youre not going to see an increase until weeks later. Things lag. And then you start dealing with the Christmas Holiday we can really be in a very difficult situation. Reporter still, the first lady will host an Indoor Holiday Party at the white house next week while the rest of us are told not to have thanksgiving with grandma because were at a dire point in our fight with this voyeuirus. Reporter this weekend was the worst weekend for spread since the pandemic began more than half a million new cases in just three days. 13 days straight this country has set successive records for numbers in the hospital. And on average, more than 1,500 people are now dying from covid19 every single day. And over the next few weeks, three to four weeks, were going end to up hitting 2,500, maybe 3,000 deaths a day. Almost 60 of the spread is by people who are asymptomatic. And that could well be your loved ones. Dont let this thanksgiving be your last one. Reporter this morning, k through 12 schools across kentucky did not open. In california, Governor Newsom now in quarantine after his kids were potentially exposed. So no questions . Reporter from wednesday here in l. A. , all restaurants must close, even outdoors, as cases soar, its takeout only again. Cases positivity, hospitalizations, deaths, were seeing more americans negatively impacted than ever before. I also want americans to understand that we never had more reason for hope thanks to the science. Reporter astrazenecas potential vaccine is, according to new early data, about 70 effective. Pfizers and modernas are even higher, in the 90s. The fda was looking for 60 efficacy. Now were over 70, 80, 90 efficacy. Efficacy has blown it out of the park. Reporter by may, 70 of the u. S. Population could be vaccinated, says the white house vaccine honcho. Maybe enough for herd immunity. If enough people trust the vaccine and take it. Im hearing myself say the same things i was saying back in the spring things like this pennsylvania, some modelers say could run out of icu beds in a week. New york city, theres a capacity issue at hospitals in staten island. So theyre going to open an overflow emergency facility. Brooke . I know it feels like groundhog day in the worst possible way. Nick watt, thank you for the big picture on all things covid. Lets talk about the vaccine news. I want to bring in Infectious Disease specialist dr. Amish hidalgia. Great to have you on. I wanted talk to to you about the Oxford Astrazeneca vaccine. Efficacywise its different from the moderna and pfizer convenience vaccines, but in terms. Distribution, how is this one different . This doesnt require major cold storage. Can t c it can be scaled quickly and its cheaper. When you look at vaccinating the world, it may be the astrazeneca is the one that the worlds population gets because it doesnt have the logistical challenges. When it comes to ever educates, you have to remember there was two doses that they used. One of the dosing regimens did deliver a 90 plus efficacy. We want to get more information about it. But overall its very promising news from astrazeneca. Explain that second point a little bit more. I do remember theyve had to take the average which landed them at 70 . One was half a doze, then a full dose versus two doses a month apart. Explain how the efficacy has changed or would change with this particular vaccine, and the fact that there are two shots with any of these, how does that work . So with astrazeneca, its the half do half full dose regimen. Theyre researching this. We dont have a good idea of why that happened, but that might be the dose they can guard with. And it wow. Comrabble. In general anything that has two doses will decrease compliance. People have to come back for the second shot. Some people may not come back because they forget or they they had a reaction maybe, their arm hurt, they got a fever, they dont want the second shot. That always makes it difficult. We have singledose vaccines, for instance, the Johnson Johnson vaccine, that are farther back in the pack. They may eventually be the vaccine that everybody gets a couple of years from now. I think its too early to say, but were going to be stuck with a twodose vaccine. Weve got to get the logistics right with any of these candidates. Damagoctor, the fda announcee committee will meet to discuss pfizers emergency use application december 10th. What happens in this meeting, and what should we expect to learn . What happens is they look through all of the data. They pour through the safety data, the efficacy data, they think about how they might give the fda advice on what age groups it should be approved for. Its a very kind of long, tedious process. And sometimes it takes hours and hours and people will tune in and watch it because its so important. It is something that happens with every vaccine, and thats what would lead the fda to make a decision on emergency use authorization. So its a very important step that remains for the Pfizer Vaccine to become reality to becomes a vaccination that people can get. Let me play this clip. This is from the chief of operation warp speed talking to jake tapper about what he thinks will happen after that december 10th meeting. Here you go. Our plan is to be able on this ship vaccines to the immunization sites within 24 hours from the approval. So i would expect maybe on day two after approval on the 11th or on the 12th of december, hopefully the first people will be immunized across the United States, across all states. Potential vaccinations, i think he was saying, right, some point in december. Does that hold for you . Is that doable . Its in the realm of possibility. Thats what sort of operation warp speed was about, having doses on hand so as soon as an emergency approval was given, you could basically spring into action. Hopefully they have all of the pathways available to get this into peoples arms. I think Health Care Workers and highrisk individuals are going to be first. It is easier to administer this to Health Care Workers who are in places where they can have the vaccine. Again, theres a lot of logistical challenges, the Pfizer Vaccine requires cold storage, and i know theyre making freezer farms in places like kentucky to be able to do this. I think its in the realm of possibility, but i wouldnt kind of wed news a specific date here. I think probably by the end of the year in will be rolling into the arms of some highrisk individuals and Priority Group individuals, as well. Doctor, you are a wealth of information. Thank you so much. Thanks for having me. You got it. Coming up next, how the cdc says you should celebrate thanksgiving safely. Its footlong season™ at subway and minitrons got some new news contactless Curbside Pickup is here just tap for tasty in the app. And pickup contactless. Cause its safety first. Right, tiny car . You wearing your seatbelt little man . Subway. Eat fresh. The coronavirus isnt waiting. The economy isnt waiting. America shouldnt have to wait, either. The American People have spoken. The result is clear. Its time to move forward. And get to work. When panhe doesnt justs mmake a pizza. He uses fresh, clean ingredients to make a masterpiece. Taste our delicious new flatbread pizzas today. Panera. Well, just like Everything Else in 2020, the Holiday Season is about to look a lot different because of this pandemic. Considering the spread of covid19 right now, the cdc is urging everyone to stay put for thanksgiving. In spite of the warnings, though, people are still traveling. The tsa reported its t screened more than a Million Airline passengers, that was just yesterday. That is less than half of last years volume, but still the tsa says it is the highest level of travel since the pandemic began. Lets go now to cnns adrian brotis at chicagos ohare airport. Im curious, has it been business, what are travelers telling you . Reporter its empty in comparison to what we saw earlier this morning and over the weekend. But brooke, more than three Million People passed through security checkpoints at airports across the country. Thats a lot of people traveling. Three million and it raises another question. Is a meal with your family this thanksgiving worth the risk . Especially when doctors are telling us and folks from the cdc say stay home. I want to bring uri mulhorn into the conversation. She is a Senior College student here in illinois. And she tells us shes traveling to see her mom and other family. Im going ask you the same question weve been asking people all day. Is it worth the risk . You know, i believe it is. You know, ive already taken the safety precautions in advance, ive quarantined for over two weeks now. I was quarantined when i was on campus. And you know, i did all of that so that i could have the opportunity to still see my family. And even when i get down to georgia, im going to be in the house with my family most of all. You know, so i think its more minimizing your interaction with other people and doing everything you can to keep yourself safe and your family safe. Reporter what i hear you saying is something weve heard people say all morning, they desperately need the interaction with their family and the people they love. But just because youre traveling, youre telling us it doesnt mean you havent been listening because you said you quarantined. Uhhuh. Reporter for 14 days or longer . Longer. Longer, yes. I minimize where i go just in general now. Ive been at home been back home in chicago for two weeks, been at home the whole time. And the last time i traveled was coming from carbondale back to chicago. Reporter you feel safe getting on the airplane . Yeah. I feel safe overall. Reporter all right. Thank you so much for your time and sharing your thoughts and your beautiful smile. We see you smiling behind that mask. Safe travels to you. And brooke, i can tell you, folks with the Airline Industry tell us they are expecting things to get busier this saturday and sunday, and theyve added flights because of it. Back to you, brooke. Thank you uri for us. Well talk to the doctor in a second. I mean, talk about an incredibly responsible College Student there having quarantined for as long as she has before she heads to see family. Thank you. Lets talk about all of this and the dangers of course were facing now, cnn medical analyst, cardiologist, professor of medicine at George Washington university. First on the students, you and i were talking at the commercial break, well get this, but the fact that this student, uri, had quarantined for two weeks and is heading, you know, down sounds like to georgia, did she does she pass the test . Is that okay, or is she she really shouldnt be going anywhere . I think she did the right thing by quarantining. It would be good if she knew her covid status before she left. But then she has to get home. And the travel home is another opportunity to become infected. So dont forget that a test is just a snapshot in time. And everything that happens to you after that still puts you at risk of infection. So you know, there are ways of doing this, but its really hard to do if youre using public transportation, some form of public transport to get home. I had read about there harvard study over the weekend, this recent harvard study by the industry that the risk of transmission on an airplane is, quote, very low, and being on an airplane is, quote, as safe if not significantly safer than going to the Grocery Store and eating indoors at a restaurant. But i think what im hearing you say is its not even necessarily the mode of transportation. Its the issue, its the fact that anyone is going anywhere, period. Right. Its not just sitting on the aircraft. Its waiting in the departure lounge, going through security, its stopping in the bathroom, its all kind of other opportunities. Now you may feel like you are social distancing, but you know, theres a whole world around you. So you know, youre exposing yourself to some risk of infection, and then you have to remember that you know, thanksgiving for a lot of folks, certainly for our family, has been multigenerational. And who are you putting at risk . So typically, you know, my family has thanksgiving with two other families every year. Not this year. Not this year. There are too many too many people we dont want to put at risk. One of my daughters is coming home from new york. She quarantined for ten days. She got tested. She stayed in her apartment, and i picked her up the next day. And its cumbersome, even its probably not foolproof, but thats about as foolproof as you can do it. Very, very cumbersome. What about the argument people make which is ive been tested, i tested negative, im safe . Is that the case . Again, its a snapshot in time. A test is a snapshot in time. So if, say youre going home on tuesday and you got tested today, you dont know what your status is, you know, later in the week. Unless youve been quarantining the entire time, before the test, for several days, and then after the test. And then again, you have to deal with how exactly are you getting home. So my suggestion is for most people in most places, its better just to stay where you are. Well have a fabulous thanksgiving next year. You know, we can have a new National Holiday when we start to return to some form of normalcy. I think in the late spring, early summer. But now lets just take care of ourselves. Lets be careful and try and keep the infection rate as low as possible. Agree with you. Let me hear that again, could have some semblance of normalcy end of spring and summer. Im going to hang on to that as i facetime my family and work here in new york city on thursday. Dr. Jonathan reiner, thank you so much. Appreciate all of that. I want to get to the breaking news now. Pennsylvania, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court just rejected the Trump Campaign effort to block counting certain absentee ballots. This clears the way for those ballots to be counted in multiple counties. That is including philadelphia. We should clear whiched th d shouldicalshould clear the way for joe bidens win there. Two of the most promising coronavirus vaccines are using a groundbreaking technology that turns the human body into a virus fighting machine. Dr. Sanjay gupta has all those details next. Honey honey . New nyquil severe honey is maximum strength cold and flu medicine with soothing honeylicious taste. Nyquil honey. The nighttime, sniffling, sneezing, coughing, aching, stuffy head, fever best sleep with a cold medicine. Finding the right words can be tough. N it comes to autism, finding understanding doesnt have to be. We can create a kinder, more inclusive world for the millions of people on the autism spectrum. Go to autismspeaks. Org. Oxford university and ast astrazeneca announced this morning 70 efficacy rate and in addition to pfizer and moderna who have both reported 95 efficacy rates. Those vaccines could be the First Authorized by the fda and they are using this new technology that is actually based on our own genetic code. Senior medical correspondent dr. Sanjay gupta has more on these promise vaccines. This is a historic day for science and all of us. Reporter this is the ceo of pfizer and he is talking about their vaccine for covid19. Reporter 248 days from an idea to now. Applying for the vaccine to be authorized that is just eight months. In context eight years would have been considered speedy. But the truth is the story im about to tell you actually began more than two decades ago. To really understand it, you first have to understand how most vaccines work. Since the first vaccine for smallpox back in 1796, they have all relied on the same basic concept give a little piece of the virus, also known as antigen to someone, not enough to make them sick and their body will be taught to make antibodies to it, those are the proteins that neutralize the virus if it ever tried to invade again. That what makes you immune. But what if the body could be taught to do the whole thing, not just make antibodies, but also to make the antigens as well . To essentially become its own vaccine making machine. Its why in the 2000s drew wiseman focused on this tyne in strand of material known as man. Back then we thought about using it for vaccines and for therapeutic proteins and lots of difference applications. Reporter mrna stands for messenger rna and carries the instructions for making whatever protein you want. Once youve got the sequence, its a onestep reaction to make rna and that reaction is identical for every vaccine that we make. Reporter if this sounds more like code in a computer rather than medicine from a lab . That means youre getting it. This is an entirely new way of thinking about vaccines. Its also the basic Technology Behind pfizer and modernas covid19 vaccines. Vaccines are close by. They are coming. You know, i said help is on the way. Reporter its truly biomeets tech. The vaccine is not the virus at all. Its essentially just a genetic code for this portion of the virus, the spike protein. Why the spike protein . Because its the key the virus uses to enter the human cell but if you create antibodies to the spike protein, its then blocked. To putting it altogether, once the vaccine made up of genetic code is administered through a shot in the arm, our own cells then start making the spike protein over and over and again. Now, remember, youre just making a part of the virus so you cant get infected from this vaccine. Within days after that, the body reacts and starts churning out the antibodies. Plug and play. With rna, all you need is the sequence of the protein of interest. Within weeks you can have a new vaccine. Reporter its a technology that could help lead us out of this pandemic. We are going to get heck of a lot of help from efficacious two vaccines that two weeks ago and this past week shown to be extremely effective efficacious in 95 and 94. 5 . Reporter if true, remarkable results for an entirely new type of vaccine and also a new way of thinking about medicines going forward. Dr. Sanjay gupta, cnn, reporting. Thank you so much, sanjay. Breaking news out of pennsylvania. The Supreme Court there, rejecting the trump xap effocam effort to block the counting of certain ballots in multiple cases. Those new details are coming up in. Stay with us. Youre watching cnn. 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To stir that fire, university of phoenix is awarding up to one Million Dollars in scholarships through this month. See what scholarship you qualify for at phoenix. Edu. Welcome to the lead. Im erica hill in for jake tapper. Start with our 2020 lead. Joe biden moving full steam ahead to take office. Moments ago meeting with mayors from across the country, even as President Trump remains behind closed doors and continues to block the official president ial transition. Today, biden also naming the first members of his cabinet along with a handful of National Security staff. A roster of experienced players in washington and a few history makers as well, including the first latino and the first grant nominated to serve as security of Homeland Security. Alejandro mayorkas and