Never again. Thats the plea of the people who survived one of the darkest moments in history, The Holocaust. During World War Two german murdered countless people. Including six million jewish men, women and children. Its easy to think of The Holocaust as a relic of the past. But the few remaining survivors of The Holocaust still live with the horrors of The Holocaust remains one of the greatest crimes against humanity in europe. Set out to kill as many jews as possible. They murdered all four of my grandparents. And forced my parents into slave labor and extermination camps, miraculously, my parents survived. Hate ignited The Holocaust. Ignorance fueled it. Eight decades later, its horrifying to see a rise in Anti Semitism and Holocaust DenialAround The World and here in this country. We want to take you on a tour of the United StatesHolocaust Memorial museum here in washington, d. C. More than 45 Million People have visited this museum since it opened back in 1993. This institution serves as a reminder of what happens when society doesnt stand up to hate. And now, sir, can we begin . Would you please tell me your full name . David blitzer b l i t v thats my dad, david blitzer. He survived The Holocaust. Met my mother, another survivor, and they got married and came to america after World War Two. He recorded his very personal, very powerful Survival Story for future generations. Im originally from which is actually the name of the city of auschwitz before the war. My wife did not believe that she is going to be able to have children after this confrontation again. But 10 months after we were married to she was like so many survivors. He knew he had to speak for the millions who couldnt and now im carrying on his legacy. Im going to take you through the history of The Holocaust and the u. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum with help from survivors like my father, their voices will bear witness to future generations. Our tour guide is sara bloomfield, the director of the u. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. Hi, sarah. Thanks very. Sarah tell us about this elevator elevator brings the American Public into The Holocaust through the eyes of the ordinary american gi whos fighting to defeat in World War Two. And its those american soldiers who are the first eyewitnesses to The Holocaust. And you hear this gi coming up across these atrocities and asking, how could human beings do this to one another . They patrol leader called in by radio and said that we have come across something. And were not sure what it is. Its a big prison of some kind. And there are people running all over. Sick. Dying starving people. You cant imagine it. Things like that dont happen. Sarah. Tell us about this photo. Here you see american soldiers who have been obviously courageously fighting their way across europe to liberate it from, and they stumble on Concentration Camps like this in germany, and theyve heard about these crimes, but now they are seeing them for the first time. Theyre absolutely stunned. And their witnesses. Theyre standing around trying to absorb the inhumanity of it all. We want our visitors to also be witnesses to this inhumanity. When people come to this museum , they see a quote from Dwight Eisenhower right at the beginning. Tell us about that. General eisenhower, whos leading the Military Effort to defeat. Hes been reading Intelligence Report hes been reading for years about the german crimes, but theyre so extreme that he feels they cant all be true. And so he says, once theyre occupying these camps, i want to go see one for myself because i cant believe what ive been reading. And it is even far worse than those reports he read, and he predicts that at some point people will not believe the truth of these crimes. And indeed, we witness Holocaust Denial today. When people come to this museum, they start the tour on this floor, right . They start here through americas first direct encounter with the history, which is the witnessing of the crimes. And through our soldiers, these young men from across the country fighting to defeat. And understanding that they are fighting something much greater than a war. This is really about Human Dignity and human freedom. As you see in this photo. The day you get your clear choice. Dental implants changes your struggle with missing teeth forever changes how you eat, how you feel and how you enjoy life. It changes your smile and now others smile at you. Clear Choice Network doctors have changed over 100,000 lives with dental implants, and they can change yours too. Because a clear choice day changes every day. 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Whos ready to charge to. The party rose to prominence in the 19 twenties. Adolf hitler became its leader in 1921. The party was small fringe group on the radical right with little political power. But by 1932, the had become the Largest Political Party in the german parliament, and less than a year later. Germanys democratically elected president Appointed Hitler chancellor he embarked on his quest for so called racial purity. Looking to conquer europe In The Name Of the aryan race. The wanted to rid europe of groups they deemed inferior and blamed for germanys problems. The jews were the focus of the horrific push for purity. But the hateful ideology extended to other groups such as the roma. People with disabilities. Poles russians, communists, jehovahs witnesses , homosexuals, the list goes on and on. Hi. Hitler. Society so awful. Youre black. If youre a yard how many apartheid. It was thunderous. Sarah what are the west dude try to stop the rise of hitler. The west did very little, actually, everything that was going on in germany is widely reported in the american papers, but its important to understand the west had just come out of world war one. The west was very isolationist didnt want to fight another war. Then there was a Great Depression. They were battling economic challenges so wishful thinking. They thought this might go away, of course, if they were tragically very wrong. Hitler often said he was the party and the party was him and his power became what . Absolute right. He comes to power through a democratic process. The conservative elites make a deal with him. Theres a lot of things about him, they think are too extreme, but they think theyre going to control him and they woefully underestimate him because hes able to destroy german democracy very quickly after he comes into power and creates a dictatorship. Its so scary when you think about his rise to power through democratic means and then within a few years its absolute any slaughtering all these people and everybody in germany. Almost everyone is going along with it, and its heartbreaking to even think about that. You know the way the way he managed to do that. With a lot of collaborators. I never thought and i never heard that germany should regret that hit lays that power only when they started to lose the world. My family lived in poland when germany invaded in 1939 beginning of the european phase of World War Two. The began executions almost immediately. From polish political leaders to entire jewish families. They erase signs of jewish life and culture. The genesis of a genocide. They even erase the names of polish jews, cities. And as my father said, use them for their own terrible purposes. Oh schwitz is not the real name the germans, german ized it to auschwitz. Actually the name was mentioned. It was a very nice, beautiful little city. Lot of synagogues, people, organizational people, intellectual people. And everything that you can think of. What is this all about . Because we see the names of all these towns on this glass bridge you see at the names of just a few of the thousands of jewish communities across europe that were destroyed. These were communities were jews had lived for hundreds of years, and theyre basically obliterated overnight. I saw the name of my mothers hometown in poland, def. I was thinking of my mom how she was such a strong woman during the war. She survived, and she helped her two brothers and a younger sister survived. And then when they came to buffalo, new york, she really built a whole new life. It just brings back so many memories. Survival was really a remarkable story. Specially your mom in poland, where over 90 of the jews were killed, so really . Its just extraordinary that she managed to survive this Three Million jews in poland before the war, and not that many has survived when im Walking Around this museum and i see pictures of the corpses, the bodies, i think of my grandparents who were slaughtered during the work at the death camps. Its just heartbreaking. When people walk down this bridge over here. What do you want them to think were trying to give people a sense. So large, so were talking thousands of communities and were talking millions of people the set out to murder every jew in europe. They had lists, estimating there were 11 million from ireland to turkey. They were going to kill them all. They eventually killed six million. Its just heartbreaking to think about. You know those numbers but to think that each one of those numbers as a man or woman or a child, there was some brutally slaughtered for what exactly. These are not statistics. These are individual lives just like your parents. And of course, your grandparents. This is about families and people with the whole future before them. This was just one town. Just one town. Here. You see the pre war lives of one jewish community, grandparents, children, friends , neighbors, just people leading their normal lives. This community was destroyed in two days in September 1941 by mobile killing units. You know, you look at these faces. And you just it reminds you that the unthinkable is possible hundreds of years completely obliterated in just two days. And these pictures tell the story not just of this town, but you can expand it throughout europe. These little startles the little towns where the jews lived for hundreds and hundreds of years. Very sad story is played out thousands of jewish communities across german dominated europe. I see these little kids. What did they do . To deserve death. It shows the true magnitude of the loss, which is the children are about the future. 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So when the germans decide that theyre going to murder every jew in europe, they do it through a system of Deporting Jews across europe to stationary Killing Centers located in occupied poland so jews would be deported in a railroad car like this, dozens of people anywhere from 1 to 3 days, no food, no water. No sanitation. Many of course died along the way. But if they lived, their destination would be a Killing Center where most of them were gassed upon arrival. Some had heard rumors but again, remember, it was just unbelievable. Uh so what they understood what they were told by the germans, whereas that they were being deported to the east for hard labor. People always want to think the best, especially in a horrible situation like this, so they wanted to believe that there might be something at the end. They do. It couldnt imagine gas chambers and when the people got off these rail cars they were separated. The men were separated from the women and children. Men were often put to work and this is forced labor. The idea would be they would just be worked to death and the women and the children would be guessed immediately taken to the gas chambers, right and someone is making decisions like that as people get off the trains. The biggest housing for me is that they did not bombard the railroads leading to the criminal. Airplane burning city. Youre laughing. You were happy. Pretty pink together. You get killed from those box. We couldnt understand why everyday thousands of people were burning gas and camps only because they had to pass a bill to bring those train loads of people youve done rails would have been bombarded. They couldnt have done it so perfectly. Thats all i can tell you. Er, bite macht frei. Work will make you free. Thats the sign. The first thing you see when you arrive at auschwitz and ive been there. The first thing you see is our bite macht frei. Yes you can see this today at the camp, which is a historical site. But for the victims, they would have seen this as well. Gotten off these trains with this this horrible deportation ride and then this false promise that youre here to work. Of course, that was totally deception. But this one was intended to be maybe somewhat reassuring. You are here to work. You saw that . Signed it. Alibi mark, try that means freedom to labor. He said. Dont make any mistakes. I know about the needs of your labor here. You did not come here to vote. You can hear to be killed. I was born on the south side of chicago has been a long road. But now im working for schwab. I love to help people understand the world through their lens and invest accordingly. You can call us Christmas Eve at four oclock in the morning. Were gonna always make sure that you have all of the financial tools and support to secure your financial future. That means a lot for my community and for every community. I have moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Now theres sky rizzi piracy. 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Its hard for people to k how much their Accident Case is worth. H barnes. T ouour Juryry Aorneneys hehelpou stress off me for 30 days. Lutely risk free call or visit crystal flush. Com now the whole story with Anderson Cooper premieres sunday at eight on cnn. Were here at the section about auschwitz birkenau and you see here . Um a barracks from auschwitz, of course, the most infamous Killing Center so most people upon arrival in auschwitz would be guest to death. But those who werent gassed would be living in barracks like this under again. Terrible, terrible conditions. Lots of overcrowding there in these bunk beds where theyre all squished together. Theres no mattresses. Theres no pillows. Nothing like theyre lucky if they have a little bit of straw, very meager food and theyre being worked to death. Of course, most of them are going to be killed. And this is the beginning. This is industrialized killing. Thats what happens at auschwitz because more than a million jews were killed at auschwitz, right. Thousands of Coles Of Roma and Soviet Prisoners Of War also killed at auschwitz. At its height, auschwitzs gassing up to maybe 6000 people a day so sometimes the jews we have pictures of them actually seated in certain parts of the camp where theyre waiting now, they think theyre waiting to be processed. Of course, we know they were waiting to be gassed. There were other horrible things going on at auschwitz as well. Yes auschwitz really is a complex of dozens of camps. Its a Killing Center. Its a Concentration Camps. There are forced labor. So this is a whole system of ideology where theyre going to destroy their racial enemies and work there other enemies to death and i understand you discovered not far from auschwitz, some sort of ss vacation location. Yes, they built a retreat about nine miles from auschwitz for the ss to go like on their days off so they would be here at auschwitz, gassing up to 6000 day and then take a break men and women because there were women who were working in telecommunications at these camps, and they would do things like singalongs and blueberry pickings. At this retreat center. If you visit the location of our ships today, they recreated theyve allowed to remain many, many of the worst aspects of that death camp. Its when you see it. You appreciate the scale of auschwitz the sheer size of it again. When you think about the industrial nature, its like an assembly line. Think they got it down to about a penny a body in german funds at the time, i was really extraordinarily efficient, and thats what theyre proud of. Is there a lesson about auschwitz . You wanna share . Well other than the sheer evil and inhumanity of it. Its really a harsh reminder that Technological Progress is not moral progress. And i saw the end of that the end is coming in because when i arrived in buchenwald i saw outside major. Dozens of dozens of dozens of. That bodies laid out like an authority boot. And i thought i got to get out from over here. Sarah, tell us about this exhibit over here. These are shoes, old shoes. This is one of our most iconic exhibits. If you visit these Killing Centers today, you see thousands upon thousands of shoes like this. The shoes of the victims. The germans took their shoes because they were going to reuse them and recycle them if you will. But of course the victims would be killed. But this is what is left of those lives. These shoes. What are 80 90 years old, and theyre here, the only surviving elements for all those people who were exterminated the trace of the people before they were gassed. I think of those shoes, you know . My four grandparents. We didnt have anything. Nothing was found basically. Just horrendous. Horrendous situation. Its so important, so timely now to remind people who dont know anything about it. I think one of the most important lessons of The Holocaust is that the world always changes, but human nature never does. This is a reminder of that. Yes a harsh reminder, but we need to be reminded of it a new every generation. Three days. 10,000 people dont they made us much today station to work there . I dont know. Because people will have babies and old people all on the road. You saw a little babies left behind because people didnt have the children sometimes little babysitting and going off people to find a shot right there on the march. Said. Stones of electric fight, bob, but why offenses marked the end of our horizon in front of us was the crematorium and the chimneys and the smoke and the stench of human clash. My father was yes. There. We would have, like frightened animals in a cage. This is what we were caged animals. I didnt feel like living anymore. When we were in the Concentration Camp and the allied bombing trade to god, um , should comment. Get us because we were so sick of living. My name is stephen fenders. I am 19 years old, and i survived The Holocaust. Stephen was just a boy during The Holocaust living in what was then yugoslavia. Rounded up his family and ship them to auschwitz in a cramped train. We didnt know where were going. We didnt know where we had arrived when the doors were slammed open and we were greeted with the noise and stench. Particularly a stench, which even today is in my nostrils. Stench from. They smoke of the crematorium stench from the humans around you. Unwashed unchanged clothes, excrement and urine sticking to your clothes and your body because you were out allowed for latrine once a day that that was over monix sense. The only image i can compare it to is the stockyards in chicago and kansas city, where thousands of animals were stocked by until further this position. In our switch. Thousands and thousands of recently arrived enslaved people where stock buys and these compounds. Three tiers of cuts. We fought ourselves to the top bunk so that we wouldnt get the shower of urine. From the people above us when i was strength will not no longer enough to fight our way. We were together in a lower bunk. And so were all dying. Simply dying. Walking coasts. No longer eating no longer recognizing the surrounding Walking Around aimlessly. Decrepit to the point where some warning they were. Simply carted away with the dead of the night. Directly to the crematorium. Every indication i have. This is how my mother died. I was there five months. One feeding a day. You didnt have any utensils. There was some common cups, so you have to wait till somebody used that cup and then you took it obviously and washed because nothing ever got washed. And you sat in the dirt and waited to die. I deliberately speak about events rather than feelings. I had worked hard. In the camp and afterwards. To supervise feelings. That it was easier to survive that way. There are things i regret that i couldnt do i have. The guilt feeling that many survivors have that. Why . Why i why not . My mother. Why father had to die so painfully. But maybe its strange. Maybe its a selfish thing to say, but occasionally feel certain pride. For not just for having survived, but for having been instrumental in other people surviving. Its impossible to hear a story like that 80 years later and not feel angry that the world looked the other way. During the war. Did you think that the allies knew what the germans were doing to the jews think they knew . We knew that i knew no, but maybe they were thinking that thats being exaggerated question in my mind that the new. Ever get a sign the universe is trying to tell you something around us. Not that way. Thats the one at university of phoenix. You could earn your Masters Degree in less than a year for under 11 k. 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And help communities thrive. Invested in the future of americans. Blackrock. Cnn news central weekdays at nine eastern. This is a solemn but glorious hour. General eisenhower in pharmacies may thats the forces of germany have surrendered. To the united nations. The flags of freedom fly all over europe. Allied victory in World War Two, of course came too late for millions of people. The warren. The jews have been going on for years before the us officially entered the war. And that raises the question. What did americans know . And when did they know it was appointed chancellor of germany in january 1933 and weeks later, Franklin Roosevelt was inaugurated as president of the United States. Now the Great Depression had been going on for four years at this point and in the United States about 25 of the workforce was still unemployed. There is quite a lot of information. In the United States. About the new party and as its coming to power in germany and adolf hitler their Headline News across the country of jews being kicked out of their jobs of jewish businesses being boycotted of books being burned of kids being kicked out of Public School and that is sitting right next to Headline News about the new deal, and theres actually a huge public outcry about what people are reading. It was happening in germany, but the Roosevelt Administration decides we have enough problems domestically. We are not going to get involved in anything overseas. So in may, 1940 even after germany has invaded france, The Netherlands , belgium and luxembourg. 93 of Americans Still think that we should not get proactively involved in any sort of war. Many americans think that world war had been a mistake that we had gone overseas. Thousands of boys had died, and nothing happened. The United States government learns about the crimes that we now call The Holocaust today in drips. And i think it takes the United States a very uncomfortably long time to figure out what is happening. Its a failure of imagination. Its a failure of belief. They didnt think that a country that was at war would be expending resources towards trying to kill innocent people. But when us officials finally did understand what was happening, they spoke up. The state department, working with the british and working with the with the soviets and the nations in exile in london, said theres nothing we can do about this, but we kind of need people to stop asking. And so we will put out a statement and well put out this statement saying we condemn the cold blooded extermination. You know, we say its happening. We condemn it. And we are going to punish the perpetrators after the war, so they dont promise any sort of rescue. They promised postwar punishment. December 17 1942 a statement of by the allies. The above mentioned governments and the French National committee condemned in the strongest possible terms. This bestial policy of cold water and extermination. They declared that such events can only strengthened the resolve of all freedom loving people in overthrowing the barbarous hitler right tyranny. They reaffirmed their solemn resolution to ensure that those responsible for those crimes shall not escape retribution and to press on with the necessary practical measures to this end. Americans were pulled in april 1938 and a majority of americans thought that the persecution of jews was at least partially their own fault that they controlled the media. They controlled banks, and thats why germany had to do this to them. And of course, we know that thats just Anti Semitism. One example of how jews fleeing early in The Holocaust werent met with open arms was the 1939 case of the german ship, the st louis nearly all of the 937 passengers on board were jewish refugees, but cuba refused to allow the ship to land. And even with the lights of miami and their sites, the refugees were unable to disembark and Florida The St Louis was forced to return to europe more than 250. People who had been on board the ship were killed in The Holocaust. I think theres a tendency to look back at the 19 thirties and 19 forties and say , i dont understand why we didnt do more, you know, so clear that these people needed to get out and we should have been the country to welcome them. And then we look in our newspapers and look in the magazines and watch tv today and say, oh, its so complicated now , and i think the more you learn about american responses to The Holocaust and the more you learn about this time period. You realize what was really complicated then, and the people who were opposing immigration, then had very similar arguments as as you here today. I think its incredibly important to educate young people about The Holocaust. Young people are the future leaders of this country. They are the ones who need to carry this lesson. Forward Holocaust Survivors talk all the time about how they were witnesses for their families and how learning their stories allows us to bear witness for future generations to for the dead and the living. We must bear witness. I honestly wasnt the most knowledgeable about holocaust history. We knew basic things. Like what Concentration Camps where or a lot of jewish people died, and i hate to use the word a lot because its so simple and i think it takes away from the people who really did die and it takes away from how many people died, which i dont think i was able to wrap my head around. I did not know the full extent of the history and i think that really bothered me. Sadly there is a worry that the horrible details of The Holocaust could be forgotten. Or in the case of younger generations, never even learned. Less than half of u. S states require Holocaust Education in secondary schools. Theres a lot that we dont want to talk about, because its a really dark side of our history, kids my age need to learn about this history, whether it makes them feel uncomfortable or not. When i speak, particularly to school age children. I warned them. That any form prejudice discrimination. Can be whipped up. By people intent on we pick it up. To mass hatred. Resulting in. And eventually in genocides and The Holocaust. That sense of hatred specifically, do hatred. I dont use nick intellectual term Anti Semitism. Most of the people who hate jews hate juice and dont know what what the word is. Its just got to hate. That unfortunately arises. In every country, every civilization. Theres a neat distinction between us and them. The name of us is different. The name of them is different, but they the us always feared of them. Driving them out as people in charlotte so loudly announced jews will not replace us movements start. To put them back in the place where there should be as subhumans as unworthy of any Human Dignity. Mhm and eventually to extermination. Half of my family is from afghanistan, and the other half is from the philippines, so i dont have that personal connection necessarily. For a lot of kids like me. It can be easy to question why does this matter . It doesnt relate to me. Its not my history to tell but when we sit here and think about what affects me and living in your own world, and only thinking about yourself, it doesnt create a world that i would want to live in. Speak out because some people dont have that option. As a survivor. I have an obligation. To speak on behalf of those who didnt survive. So i see myself as a messenger. In which i hope some people recognize themselves. And wonder what they would have done in the same situation. People have largely forgotten. The holocaust. Yes i worry that thats going further deteriorate and passed the threshold of peoples memory. Do you ever worry will live forever. Now its literally never crossed my mind. If we live to like 135 years of being retired, i dont want to outlive our money. And ive been eating all these stupid chia seeds could totally live to be 100 thinking such good care of myself since we started working with him power were able to get all our financial questions answered. So we dont have to worry. So you never never join 17 Million People and take control of your financial future to empower whats next start today to empower. Com ever wonder how much your neighbors house is worth go to own early dot com to search home value estimates and compare your home could be worth more than you think. Visit own early. Com today. 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I said to him, how do you know . Hmm he said when we opened up the door, he had talking french. What mhm. What do we do now . But we dont know. How would you like future generations to remember The Holocaust . The future generation to remember the health of everything, which is written, but people telling you the truth. My dad recorded that video back in 1995. But even back then he knew that this history would be challenged. He knew how important it was to pass down his story. My dad used to always tell me every time he would see me on tv. It was his best revenge against hitler as the child of Holocaust Survivors. I see myself as a living link to this history. A conduit for my parents who have now both passed on may they rest in peace. And as we say in hebrew, zichron, um livre car made their memories blessing. And as long as im here, their legacy lives on, but it cant just be me and those like me. This poem at the end of the museum tour reminds us of that first they came for the socialists, and i did not speak out because i was not a socialist. Then they came for the Trade Unionists and i did not speak out. Because i was not a trade unionist. Then they came for the jews and i did not speak out because i was not a jew. Then they came for me. And there was no one left to speak for me. For the dead and the living. We must be written this that has been my motto. Im not speaking about myself. Im speaking. As a representative of my parents. My grandmother. My cousins who have died. I am playing umpteen schoolmates. They are unable to speak. Its my responsibility to speak on davey. I. The tour begins with a cramped Elevator Ride into the dark corridors of the rise to power. But it ends with this striking room. The hall of remembrance