a hair-trigger response when they see a black man and they misinterpret every move that he's making as a threat. >> so you didn't -- when they were sort of coming clean and really baring their souls, you also in the course of this didn't necessarily believe that these officers as individuals were necessarily racist, did you? >> well, when you say "racist" did i think that they were klansmen in a police officer's uniform? no. i think that what we have to do in the united states is understand. everybody has inside of them racialized thinking, racial fears. we all have those fears. i mean, keep in mind that black cops also make negative associations and threat associations when they're presented with black images. so it's across the board.