Would not see an indictment. Mike, stay with me. I do want to bring our reporter on the ground. They are back in ferguson. Tolous, it is my understanding you may have heard gunshots. Yes, we did hear a loud popping sound. Its in dozens of people running down the road. Not sure what exactly it was. Seems like people have calmed down since returning. Police officers, from what i can see, are Still Holding their place in their riot gear. Going back to mike, First Assistant to the st. Louis county sheriff, let me ask you about the timing of this. Is there a reason why the 8 00ng was chosen after p. M. Local time to announce this verdict, knowing it would make so many people very upset . I am the First Assistant to the sheriff of the city of st. Louis, so we have a different judicial circuit. A different prosecutor in the city itself that we do and the surrounding county. Im not privy to whatever deliberations took place. As my understanding, the grand jury only finally concluded their deliberations today. Is a be about the earliest you can release their decision on the matter because it did not exist before today. Peter coy from business week joining me on set. He has done a lot of reporting obvious oracle tension and razor luncheon reporting on the historical tension. You and i are looking at the same camera shot. On one hand, we see the prosecuting attorney, a light touch a little at courtroom, thinking about a series of events that have been constructed and reported on. Meanwhile, we have is of a camera shot of people in the dark, confused and certainly angry. Seven leigh, some runoff suddenly, some runoff. There is a sense of, what is happening . Knownly do we not really the story, they do not know the story. They do not know what will happen over the next few hours. I think there is a larger lesson to be drawn here, which is that there is a sense that theres no thattment created an anger has no outlet. Is wrong,violence destruction of property is wrong. What do you do . Even as a look at the camera shots, what is happening there . What is going on. Happen. Now whatll the president will be speaking momentarily. I would to bring in correspondent peter cook. I think youll hear a president that will urge calm in the community. The fact that he hasnt stayed up and is making this statement on camera suggests the seriousness of the white house taking this will stop a concern they have that the situation could get worse. I think youll hear a president that will choose his words carefully, athey has an as he has in the past. This is an important moment for this person. You got it was necessary for him to come out and speak on camera there has been criticism that he has not been involved enough and this case. I am getting a flood of responses from members of congress, including some from the community directly involved. Some members of the Congressional Black Caucus expressing their concern of this case, ahead of them calling this a miscarriage of justice. They are looking to the federal department to wraps, two, this familye justice. They hope that investigation will reach a different conclusion. They think this is not the right decision. Citizenfou part of the part of the question is, it you can indict a ham sandwich, why can you not indict officer wilson . Why was this so much of a challenge. I dont think the prosecuting attorney what wasnt to the president lets listen to the president. It has now come back, either way, it will be a subject of intense disagreement, not only in ferguson but across america. I want to suggest how we might move forward. First and foremost, we are a nation built on the rule of law. We need to accept that this decision was the grand jurys to make. Agreeare americans who with it and there are americans who are deeply disappointed, even angry. It is an understandable reaction. But i join michaels parents and asking anyone who protests this decision to do so peacefully. Michaels fathers words. Hurting others or destroying property is not the answer. No matter what the grand jury decides, i do not want my sons death to be in vain. I want it to lead to incredible , changepositive change that makes the st. Louis region better for everyone. Haveel browns parents lost more than anyone. We should be honoring their wishes. I also appeal to the Law Enforcement officials in ferguson to show care and restraint and monitoring people protest people protest. Understand our Police Officers put their lives on the line for us every single day. They have a tough job to do to maintain Public Safety and hold accountable those who break the law. Thehey do their jobs in coming days, they need to work with the community him and not , to distinguish the handful of people who may use the grand jurys decision as annex use or violence as an excuse for violence. Finally, we need to recognize that the situation in ferguson speaks to broader challenges that we still face as a nation. Many parts, in too of this country, a deep distrust exists between lawenforcement and communities of color. Some of this is a result of the legacy of Racial Discrimination in this country. Tragic, because no one needs good policing more than poor communities with higher crime rates. The good news is, we know there are things we can do to help. I have instructed attorney general holder to work across the country to help bid build better relations between amenities and Law Enforcements. We know that makes a difference. It means working to train officials so that lawenforcement conducts itself in a way that is fair to everyone. It means enlisting the community actively. There are good people on all sides of this debate, as well as both the public and democratic parties that their interest is not in only lifting up best , because we know there are communities who have been able to deal with this in an effective way. We are also interested in working with this administration and local and state officials to start tackling muchneeded criminal justice reform. So, those should be the lessons we draw from these tragic events. We need to recognize that this is not just an issue for ferguson, this is an issue for america. We have made enormous progress in Race Relations over the course of the past several decades. I have would just that in my own and, to deny that progress is to deny americas capacity for change. Though what is also true is that ande are still problems committees of color are not just making these problems up. Separating that from this particular decision, there are issues in which the law too often feels as if it is being applied and discriminatory fashion. I do not think that is the norm. I do not think that is true for the majority of committees or the vast majority of Law Enforcement officials. These are real issues. We have to lift them up and not stamp themr try to down. We need to figure out how to make more progress. That can be done. That will not be done by throwing bottles. It will not be done by throwing smashing car windows, by using this as an excuse to vandalize property and it certainly will not be done by hurting anybody. Ferguson, there are ways of channeling your concerns constructively and there are ways of channeling your concerns distractedly. Michael browns parents understand what it means to be constructive. Vasts majority the majority of Peaceful Protesters understand it as well. Those of you who are watching there isnderstand that never an excuse for violence, particularly when there are a lot of people out there who are willing to work on these issues. Interested iny focusing on the violence and just want the problem to go away need to recognize that we do have work to do here. To cover itt try up. The angere do that, may momentarily subside but over america builds up and is not everything it could be. If we focusident our attention on the problem and look at what has happened, then we can make august not just in in committees around the country. And see howe a look things are going. Air colder has been there. We have a whole team from the justice department. The vast majority of the committee has been working very hard to try to make sure this becomes an opportunity for us to seize the moment. Entering this into a positive. Ituation we have to make sure we can on is positive activities taking place as a do on a. Andful of folks i think it will be very important and it think the media will have a response ability as well to make sure that we focus parents androwns the clergy and the Community Leaders and the civil rights leaders and activists and lovers the officials who have been working very hard to try to find that it, longterm solutions to this issue. There is inevitably going to be some negative reaction and it will make for good tv. What we want to do is make sure that we are also focusing on those who can offer a kind of Real Progress that we know is possible. We had vast majority of people in ferguson and around the country. I want to be partners with those folks and we need to lift up that kind of constructive dialogue taking place. Listening to the president. A nation whowe are is build on the rule of law so anita except the decision and anyone who protests this decision to do so peacefully. The president again, urging protesters to protest peacefully and stressing the importance of the legal system. However, as the president was saying all of that, we have been looking at video coming to us live from ferguson in which we have seen protesters shaking a car and then police theyre kidding that car police barricading that car in tracing the protesters away to keep the out of harms way. I want to go back to our reporter on the ground in ferguson. Earlier, he said he may have heard what could have been gunshots. In you seeing an increase the challenges there on the ground and an increase and perhaps, violence . It is starting to look a lot like it did in august. ,e have able in the streets some windows have been smashed out. Police have been telling people to get out of the road. We did see some flare shot off, as you mentioned. Not sure what kind of smoke and was edited send hundreds of people running in the other direction and it is a bit of a standoff between protest groups and police. The police are stumbled and right gear. They had not moved into the crowd yet but there are waiting. Police say protesters were throwing things at them and that is what caused them to respond and tell people to get out of the street. Still with us. First assistant to the st. Louis watching thewho is live feed of all of this come in. Mike, what is her reaction to the increasing violence were seeing now. I do not think this is what the family has called for. It certainly was not what the prosecutor or president has called for. It is not totally hard to believe that it happened. I would like to make one observation that is it has been theed this evening that grand jury will indict a ham sandwich if a prosecutor tells him to. I think it should be noted that that was a said by defense attorney a long time ago was time to defend a client who is indicted by grand jury. These people gave up three months of their lives to study all of this for the sum of 18 a day. I think we have to respect the fact that they tried to reach the right decision and try to base it on the rule of law rather than a mob mentality. I think of that message gets out, some of the anger in the community might be dissipated somewhat when they realize that people did objectively look at these facts and tried to reach a fair and legal conclusion. What do you anticipate happening over the next several hours as we go into the night and as authorities try to calm the protesters . I dont know. We fear that things will flare up. Obviously, i do not know what the future will hold. We have to be prepared and respond appropriately. We are looking at what seems to be a standoff with protesters on one side and a Police Barricade on the other. You can see the Police Vehicles there. Earlier, we saw live pictures of protesters tostling a car. It seemed to have been a police car. Away. Barricaded that car livee has been roprting see ferguson and said we an increase in vandalism. It is in some ways resembling what we saw in august. Heard the president say we have a real issue that goes beyond what we ferguson and that is a symptomatically of a much bigger problem of the nation needs to address. Listening, it hough thought he must have been listening to our conversation here earlier. I think it is important, tomorrow, after we share in the grief and the sorrow with the family, wey brown thosto start, particularly communitythe legal we have to start working to look at real change. That is what the president called for. Other organizations have some systemic recommendations. Certainike making Proper Police training be in place, ending racial profiling. Center has a proposal in place when you look at how Law Enforcement is funded. The ways in which funding is spent by local Law Enforcement is spent in a way to decrease racial disparities. Refrom. Ll result in it is time to have a much bigger conversation. I wanted a quality guests for being here on the night when the grand jury chose not to indict there and wilson in the killing of michael brown. Stay with bloomberg tv all day tomorrow. Will continue to have coverage on this story for you. Thank you for joining us. Stay with bloomberg tv all day tomorrow. We will continue to have coverage on this all day tomorrow. I am pleased to have lawrence right back at this table, welcome. It is good to be back. What makes it such a diplomatic triumph . There are very few instances in history. Andundersecretary went down said, has this ever happened before . He his story and said yes, teddy roosevelt. In russians and the japanese the first war of the century. They negotiated peace. He was the First American to win a nobel peace prize. Throughout history, there are very few instances where peace negotiated successfully. This was not negotiating an end to a war. It was an interesting negotiation that ended war two parties that had been at war five times in the preceding centuries. It was a hard talk, and people do not realize what a close call it was because the israelis were being asked to surrenders sinai, which was heir strategic buffer. Forces. , for him to go to brokeras he did and to peas with israel was an extraordinary step for both of these men. Campving said that for david, the thing almost collapsed before jimmy carter. Carter loved so. Carter loved saddat. He thought he could take these two men and get them away from the press, and they would like each other and find their way to peace. By the end of the second day, carter had to physically separate them. He had to block them from trying to leave the camp david. It was not until the fifth day until he realized he would have to do something he did not want to do. To forward an american plan. When he did that, it was no longer about just peace between israel and egypt, it had to do with their relationship to the united states. Saddat threatened to leave, carter said he would sever relations. It was a real come to jesus moment. On a couple occasions, said that he was ready to leave. Drawr had a speech writer up a speech in which carter was going to ask the israeli people to vote down their own that government. What is in the end none of that worked and they were going to close up shop. See hen carter went to begin. Ted asked carter for a hadletter about saddat asked carter for a letter. There are lots of such letters in the accords. Got it in the afternoon. Networks had already been alerted. They were setting up dress in the white house. Carter said he could not betray saddat. So begin called it off. Carter went back to his cabin as do press to as hed ever been in his life, and it happened that to there was a photograph of the three men sitting on their porch in the early days of the negotiation and carter had had copies printed up for grandchildren. He had thoughtfully called to get names of those grandchildren. Instead of writing, best wishes, jimmy carter. I wrote his name and i signed it. I took it over to begins cabin and he was ready to go to washington in defeat. He looked and said, thank you, mr. President. He was angry with me. He turned around and looked at the first photograph and he called out the name of his grandchild. Then he looked at the second one and his lips began to quiver and tears ran down his cheeks. And i shed tears also. Finally, he looked around and said, why dont we try one more time . Then he went back to his cabin and told sadat the signing was off. Just then, the phone rang and he said he would sign. Wow. And did begin say why he did it . , carter said that he would amend the language of the side letter. The only change that he made originally, he quoted the u. N. Ambassador owing back to arthur goldberg, spelling out that this is american policy. The one change you made was that american policy is as it has been stated by the american ambassador. There was no substantive change, it was just cover for begin to accept it. Tell me about each of these guys who were there. Anwar sasat sadat, begin, carter. Not in the stuff that they know, but the stuff that made them who they were. Said. Sadat was this great idealist. He was an idealist, but he grew up in a little town in the nile delta. Very rural, impoverished territory. But he had this sense of destiny. When he was a boy, a bunch of older kids were going swimming in an irrigation canal. They all jumped in and he jumped in after them and then he realized that he could not swim. He said his thought was if i die, egypt will have lost anwar sadat. What kind of child things like think its like that thinks like that . When he was 12, gandhi came through the suez canal on his way to england to negotiate the future of india. This made a huge impression on sadat. This small man with the fate of the empire in his hands. He actually took off his clothes and started wearing an apron and made himself a spindle. He also became a great admirer of hitler. And actually was a nazi collaborator. Did he ever explain not . Even years after world war ii, after 15 Million People are dead, he still expressed admiration for hitlers leadership and his opposition to the british. The other thing that people do not realize about sadat, he was an assassin. He became part of a group that was a murder society. They were picking off british soldiers who were drunk and wandering around cairo at night. He turned their attention to political assassination. On two occasions, tried to assassinate the egyptian prime minister. They did succeed in killing one other government minister. He spent five years in prison for collaborating with nazis and also for the assassinations. And then became a general. Well, he never became a general. He became Vice President under nasser. Wasnt he in the military . He was in the military, but did not rise highs highly rise as highly as nasser. I was living in egypt when he became president. Everybody thought he was a clown because he had missed the revolution. He had been at the movies, a double feature. But he missed the revolution, and that is all anybody remembered. When nasser overthrew the king. Yes. Nobody believed that and what Sadat Anwar Sadat good measure up to him. He liked sadat but there was a bit of protection. There would be no impetus to get rid of nasser. And they did not get rid of him. He had a heart attack. Nobody expected that within a year, he had rounded up a lot of nassers corrupt cronies did we had no diplomatic relations. There were practically no americans. There were thousands of russians. It was essentially a soviet military base. He expelled them all. That was due to the extraordinary diplomatic work of henry kissinger. Kissinger said he was completely surprised. They wanted to pull it the egyptians away from russia to the united states. But he did not do anything. There was this huge trial for america in the cold war. We were completely stunned and unwarned that this was going to happen. Right after that, he did something that nobody ever imagined he would do. He was speaking to the Egyptian Parliament and, in the middle of the speech, he said, i would go to the ends of the earth, i would go to israel to speak to them if it would save the life of one more egyptian soldier. Everybody applauded because nobody believed it. He was not given reported in the newspapers it was not even reported in the newspapers the next morning. But, 10 days later his plane was circling tel aviv. For the israelis, it was a huge psychological shift. They were not even sure that he was on the plane. They thought it might be full of explosives or terrorists. There were snipers all around the airport. The Egyptian National orchestra did not know the israeli National Orchestra did not know how to play the Egyptian National anthem so they had to listen to radio cairo to get a sense of how it was played. Fastforward to this, how he died. I agree with many people that when he signed those camp david accords, it was his death warrant. It was not just sadat. A lot of people in his delegation were fearful that they would lose their lives as well because of their association with the negotiation. It was so taboo. A number of them did not even go to the signing because they were afraid of having their names on it. Then he was assassinated. It is also said that when he came, he stood up and took the bullets. Is that a true story . It is true. You can see him standing almost at attention. Here is how i understand it. When he was a little boy, his grandmother in this Little Village would read him tell him stories of this there were the british that come into the nearby village and they had shot some domestic fowl. They were off shooting game but they shot some chickens. The villagers were angry and started throwing stones at the soldiers. The soldiers fired and several villagers were killed. Then the british had a trial and they hanged several people, including a young boy. And sadat always wanted to be that young boy. He identified with being a martyr. You can draw a line i am speculating, but he waited for his moment and when that moment came, he stood and received it. Begin, one of the people who fought in the trenches. He was famously obstinate and difficult and a wounded man. His first memory growing up in this polish village was of polish soldiers flogging a jew. When nazis invaded poland, his father his mother was in the hospital with pneumonia. His father was tied up and his pockets filled with rocks and he was drowned. Menachem was hiding and was then sent to the soviet gulags. He joined an old jewish unit and went to palestine. There he became the head of a terrorist organization he was directing his energy, at that time, toward the british. This is very controversial because the british were still fighting the nazis at the time. His goal was to expel the british from the mandated palestine. And you can argue that he did. He was a very relentless and imaginative terrorist leader. Day after day after day, he had an ability to capture headlines. Notably, when the british hanged three convicted terrorists, he hanged two british sergeants and boobytrapped their bodies. He also blew up the king david hotel. It was the most Luxurious Hotel in the middle east at that time. This was all under his leadership. Yes. And those events did have an effect in turning britain against the occupation of palestine. They turned it over to the u. N. After the british left, he turned his attention to the palestinians. Most notably, there was a Little Village near jerusalem that he felt had to be taken. He says that there was a sound at 4 00 in the morning to awaken and worn the vehicles to leave. Leave. It fell into the ditch and warn the villagers to leave. But it fell into the ditch and nobody heard it. When there was resistance, they and other groups threw hand grenades into the windows and blew up the houses. A real massacre. There were palestinians who were leaving palestine at the time before that. After that, the gates opened and 750,000 palestinians left. Did he form that party . His Party Chieftain was ezra viceman, who put it all together. Benjamin netanyahu was a member of the party. Yes. You can look at begin being the dividing point in israels history and many respects. His premier called him a little hitler. He was always a marginal figure in israel. All the prime ministers up until begin had been secular people. Begin was an orthodox jew. Not very pious, but practicing. His opponent, shimon perez, was asked what happened because it was such a stunning upset. He said, what happened is the jews beat the israelis. Tell me where you think the connection is between the israelipalestinian issue and the emergence of al qaeda. Two things happened. Israelis will say it had nothing to do with us. They use it as a means to attract attention or rally support, that there is no connection. On the other hand, you can talk to arab leaders. The number one priority is an israelipalestinian peace agreement. Both things are true. The palestinians are exploited by the arab leaders. And they have always been so. At the time, they were never really absorbing them you know, those refugees left in 1948 and later in 1967. Except in jordan, they were made a part of those societies. At the same time, this is a lingering wound that has caused so much trouble. You think about it, the population of israel and the west bank, 10 Million People. That is the size of l. A. County. All the mischief that has been generated by this dispute. There is a sense that it is not there is a sense that it is eternal, but it is not eternal. 25 years ago, you could drive from gaza to Golan Heights within a single checkpoint. 100,000 gazans going to work in israel every day, 200,000 from the west bank. Now they have been walled off and these people do not know each other at all. They have become further and further apart. I look at it i am the same age as israel. I was born in 1947, the year the u. N. Decided to partition a state for the jews and for the arabs. You and i both grew up in the segregated south. We have a black man as president. History changes. It can change in the middle east. It is just going to take the kind of political courage that these three men demonstrated. And he was assassinated. These makers are easy targets. Peacemakers are easy targets. It is so easy to disrupt peace. A few years ago, mahmoud abbas, the palestinian leader, had an idea. Lets let the Palestinian People vote on the twostate solution. Why not . Every poll showed they were yearning for a twostate solution and that would demonstrate to the world their political will. They would also override hamas, which is dedicated to the destruction of israel. If people could vote and show that they had different expressions of what happened, hamas abducted this israeli soldier and the israelis invaded gaza and everything went to hell. People that are opposed to peace act so quickly. There is almost a will to lose on the part of the peacemakers. And the israelis, in order to get back shalit, gave up 1000 i did a oneman show about that. It was interesting to me how you measure a persons life. How does someones life get to equal 1000 . What does that say about the mentality of that region . I wish that philosophy would spread in the middle east. You see the middle east right now in its most naked form, broken down into tribes and fractured states and clans. Everybody at work with everybody else. But something will come out of this. New alliances will be formed. What do you think of isis and how is it different . The leader of isis was al qaeda in iraq. When i was working on my last book, i was puzzled by the fact that there were so few palestinians, so few lebanese, syrians. There were some and some jordanians. But mainly, it was a saudi and egyptian phenomenon. I thought, where are the other arabs . We are still talking about sunnis, but there was another Training Camp in afghanistan at the same time bin laden was training al qaeda. And there was zarqawis camp. Bin laden financially supported him. They were funny parallel entities. If you happened to be a young man from syria, you would more likely go to zarqawis camp then you would go to bin ladens. That was not clear to me until al qaeda and iraq erupted. I traced back the origin of that group. This is also connected to anwar sadat, too. Zarqawi had the cap and camp in afghanistan. That became isis. From the very beginning, he wanted to affiliate with al qaeda. Bin laden was ambivalent about it. At first, he wanted zarqawi to be in al qaeda and that he did not. They finally did agree. But he could not control him. He was so savage even al qaeda back then was saying, do you have to cut off their heads . Cant you just shoot them . Do you intend to kill all the shiites . Do you think that is practical . The problem with al qaeda, they were so bottled up and they were not acting. Here is zarqawi rampaging all over iraq and drawing these passionate, young young jihadis. His goal was to three create is was to create the islamic civil war that is now underway. And there was the lieutenant to zawahiri. He had been in an american prison camp. It is interesting the role the president has played in that prison has played in radicalizing some of the main players. Now the leader of al qaeda was radicalized by his experience of being tortured in egyptian prisons. When he came out, he was a butcher. He had been transformed by that experience. I think Something Like that happened to baghdadi when he was in prison. There were a lot of other, more extreme figures there. The movement seemed to have gotten some kind of tailwind. Of course, you cannot give isis as much credit as it seems to have earned because they are fighting against a very weak and broken state they also have the alliance of a lot of disaffected sunnis. It will be difficult for me to imagine that those sunnis will continue to support isis other sunnis in the region are encouraging them not to. Do not support baghdadi, isil. Unfortunately, they are still getting money from different individuals. That is where they got their seed money. Now they have oil wells and they are doing a lot of kidnapping. They make a lot of money. And these selfsupporting terrorist groups, this is something we have not had before. When you see the president announcing troops, what do you think . The president himself said this would not be solved militarily. First of all, lets go back to isis invited us into this fight by cutting off the heads of american journalists. They were provoking us. Why would they do that . I think it is because they do not have any allies. They are alone in the region. Everybody hates them. Everybody fears them. If you make america your enemy, you have a lot more friends. I think that was their strategy. Obamas strategy is to try to enlist as many of those sunni nations around the region in the fight. Put their names on the line so that isis cannot recruit from that. It is going to be a contest because we bear responsibility for this. In iraq, we cracked the egg and now we are eating the omelette. As powell said, if you break it, you own it. I think if you break it, you eat it is probably thank you so much. Thirteen days in september. Lawrence wright, pulitzerprize winning author. The looming tower. Progress is not always linear. Sometimes it is exponential. Devices that are 1000 we areore powerful talking about feeding a planet. We need a new paradigm. The way we interact with