Hello. Its tuesday. Its ten oclock. Im Victoria Derbyshire and were live from new broadcasting house. Hours before his impeachment trial starts in the us, President Trump prepares to speak to world and Business Leaders as well as Greta Thunberg at the World Economic forum in switzerland. Well bring that to you live, in half an hour. In his first broadcast interview, well talk to richard hoskins, who identified for four years as rachel and underwent private radical surgery abroad, before changing his mind and detransitioning. And lie detector tests, more time in prison and no Early Release for serious offenders those are the new government plans to tackle terrorism. I think the measures that weve announced today, notjust on
policing but measures within prisons, will help us improve our response and help us minimise the risk that is posed to the public by this type of offending. Well ask figen murray the mum of martyn hett, who was killed in the Manchester Arena bombing in 2017 whether the extra £90 million the governments putting into Counter Terrorism, will better protect the public. Hi. Welcome to the programme. Were live until 11 this morning. Have you detra nsitioned 7 i realise it is a niche area, but if you have, please get in touch. Tell us what the reasons were, what your thinking was. Use the hashtag victorialive. Email victoria bbc. Co. Uk. Text 61124. Itll cost the standard
network rate. First, Annita Mcveigh has the news. Good morning. The nhs in england those more than £4 billion in legal fees to settle outstanding claims of clinical negligence, according to figures obtained by bbc news. The figures obtained by bbc news. The figures were obtained to a freedom of information request. It is estimated the overall cost of u nsettled estimated the overall cost of unsettled compensation claim stands at more than £80 billion, compared to an annual budget of 130 billion. The government says it intends to increase minimum sentences for terrorists and plans to end automatic Early Release for those convicted of the most serious offences. The measures come in the wa ke offences. The measures come in the wake of the London Bridge attack in november when usman khan killed two people were out on licence. Donald trump will become the third american president to go on trial in the us
senate, charged with high crimes and misdemeanours. He has been accused by the house of representatives of abusing his powers by pressing ukraine to investigate his rival, joe biden. A two thirds majority is needed to convict mr trump and remove him from office. Resident trumpets to address the World Economic forum in davos at around 10 30am and we will bring you that live President Trump micro is to address. Gratitude burgers also in davos. The climate activist has urged World Leaders to take strong action on Climate Change. Greta thunberg is also in davos. If you see what has concretely been done, if you see it from a bigger perspective, then basically nothing. Of course, we had expected it would require much more than this. This is the very beginning. At least six people are now known to have died from a new respiratory virus in
china which Authorities Say can be transmitted from person to person. More than 200 people have been infected with the coronavirus, which causes breathing problems. The World Health Organization says it will hold an emergency meeting on the outbreak later this week. Network rail is being investigated other poor performance and routes used by train operators northern and transparent express. The enhancements came from the office of railand enhancements came from the office of rail and road regulation he said the top priority for passengers is that the train arrives on time, and that its not happening consistently enough across the country. Facebook will create hundreds of newjobs in london to tackle harmful content. Pressure has grown on social media firms to remove posts promoting self harm and political extremism, it will take facebooks uk workforce to more than 4000. A new study says sperm donation is taken from men who had died should be allowed. The
analysis published in thejournal of medical ethics claims that opt in post death donations could be a morally permissible way of increasing stocks available. More than 2000 babies were born after spending eight last year, but there isa spending eight last year, but there is a growing shortage of donations around the country because of strict regulations. More than 2000 babies were born after sperm donation. Prince harry hasjoined his wife and child in canada. In a final engagement he attended at uk Africa Investment summit in london yesterday. That is a sunny summary yesterday. That is a sunny summary of our yesterday. That is a sunny summary of oui news yesterday. That is a sunny summary of our news news yesterday. That is a sunny summary of our news newsjohn michael stories today. But he, victoria. Injust michael stories today. But he, victoria. In just under half an hour we will bring you President Trump from the World Economic forum in switzerland. That is a summary of our news stories today, back to you, victoria. Over the last few years weve
covered some of the most difficult issues facing transgender children, teeangers and adults. Today were talking to a man who has detra nsitioned. Richard hoskins whos an author and criminologist identified for four years as rachel, undergoing hormone treatment on the nhs, and multiple operations abroad which he paid for privately. He was about to complete one of the final physical changes a trans woman can choose to undergo, a vagina construction, when he changed his mind. After having therapy he was diagnosed with complex ptsd, which was linked to abuse hed suffered as a child and the deaths of three of his children. He now says more should have been done to support his Mental Health before rushing him his words towards gender reassignment. Richards here for his first broadcast interview. Good morning. Thank you for talking to us and our audience. Explain to our audience why you believe you began identifying as a woman . At the time
i was really convinced, and i guess convincing to people, that i really was in the wrong body, trapped in the wrong body. This is one of the favourite phrases used. I convince myself of that, that i was in the wrong gender, i should have been born female and the only way to be happy was to go through the process and become rachel, as i called myself. I genuinely believed it. And yourfamily myself. I genuinely believed it. And your family around you, friends . Found it very hard. The children particularly struggled with this, children of people transitioning. My mother obviously struggled to abate, but i also had huge emotive support from people. Ithink but i also had huge emotive support from people. I think in this culture, people are encouraged to be as affirming as possible of people who transitional feel like they need to transition. Provides this was six yea rs to transition. Provides this was six years ago in 2014, you were 49, and you bought some hormones legally online. What effect they have a new . Massive physical and emotional changes. Hormones are really powerful and there are two strands, one is to block, in my case testosterone, block what is known as the androgen receptors, the other is the androgen receptors, the other is the opposite, to positively take oestrogen. I did both, isourced the opposite, to positively take oestrogen. I did both, i sourced the internets, went out to forums, where to get hold of them and i took, illegally, as you say, some pretty powerful testosterone lockers and oestrogen. They left me not only with big physical changes, some of which are irreversible. Breasts, for example, you went up to a 38c . The only way now i could change that is to have surgery. It changes and big hormone swings, emotional swings. There are some things you cant change, as a man transitioning you cant remove your stubble, i had 80
other developed chalices. My face changed and i looked very different. I had changed and i looked very different. I had 80 changed and i looked very different. I had 80 hours of electrolysis. I was moderately convincing as a female. That was on the nhs, and voice changes in the nhs. You bought the hormones legally online, then you went to your gp. Because i was feeling unwell. That is when you are the nhs path . Yes, i was pretty much hurtled through. I went to the gp, who felt sorry for me. Fair play to her, she referred me to the gender identity clinic. Normally that takes the best part of the year. There will be people watching the show who desperately want to transition who have. Waited much longer. I saw my first consultant in two weeks, which was incredible. Do you know why . They knew i was self prescribing and needed help, navy, that is to put a
good side on it. It could also be that i am highly educated, had did my research and was very convincing. That is the slightly disturbing truth, if it is a truth. If it is that, then there are lots of people who may be concerned is convincing. I sounded convincing. It is as though you were trying to trick into believing you wanted to transition, how you describe it. At the time i between convinced, i did not think i was tricking, that the only way for me to live and be happy was rachel. You then underwent a number of complex and painful operations abroad in thailand, which you paid for privately. Tell the audience . The first one is pretty graphic and i have not put this in print anyway because it is very personal and it was painful too and lots of ways, i had what is known as an orchidectomy, which is the removal of testicles. In a way, i think it
is important to say that. This was me genuinely feeling the only way to live was to go through with this, it is about the most drastic thing in some ways that a guy can do. It was shocking. I woke from the operation in the first word i shouted at was, yes i really believed it was what i needed to do to be me. So i had my testicles removed. That has caused me no end of trouble. I have no naturally occurring hormones in my body now, it is a drastic thing to do, really drastic. I have since had artificial ones put in, apparently they look convincing, but that does not replace the actual hormones, and for a not replace the actual hormones, and fora man not replace the actual hormones, and for a man there is no otherform of hormone production in the body. For a man there is no otherform of hormone production in the bodym thailand you had very painful and over many hours, facial reconstruction, effectively . over many hours, facial reconstruction, effectively . I had a nine hour operation which was brutal, because of the nature of the operation. Notjust full face lift
in the clifton light perception and suchlike but actual reconstruction. They grunt down my forehead, changed the shape of my forehead, gave me a nosejob as the shape of my forehead, gave me a nose job as well and made my face and skull slightly smaller as well. It was a gruesome, very tough operation and i was in a pretty bad way for quite a long time. I still cant feel my skill in places and have real problems with my sinuses and suchlike. When you came back to britain, much 2017, you had a letter from the nhs saying what . Britain, much 2017, you had a letter from the nhs saying whenm britain, much 2017, you had a letter from the nhs saying what . It offered me full vagina plastic, the construction of a vagina out of the penis. That is the full works of trying to change your genitals into female genitals, that landed on my doormat. Again it was a very fast process , doormat. Again it was a very fast process, i was due to go to nuffield hospital in brighton until the nhs for that consultation with a view to having the operation and a couple of
months. When you receive that letter, what did it make you do . M was the moment, i suppose, of absolute doubt. From four weeks earlier i had started to question. I went to see a psychotherapist, a gender psychotherapist, as it happens, not really about that purpose, but she was extraordinary. She said to me, it was one of those jaw dropping moments, she said to me, rachel, iwant jaw dropping moments, she said to me, rachel, i want to know what is going on underneath her. What pain are you carrying . It was the first time in this process which had lasted three years at this point, the first time anybody had stopped and said, what is actually going on underneath the surface . You are carrying pain, she was right. Provides when you were on the path towards transitioning, which you can get off at any point, you receive counselling from the nhs . But it is gender counselling and only three
appointments. Meaning what . They are psychiatrists who see you, they are gender consultants and frankly they are only focused on the gender issue, it is just one of the problems with the setup. 0bviously they ask you back story, i told about my traumatic past, but they did not really address that at all. They were talking about and wanted to look at the gender issue. Do you genuinely have a pickle gender dysphoria, the idea you are living in the wrong body, they said yes. That was all they wanted to focus on. that was all they wanted to focus on. Do you genuinely have gender dysphoria. If you had asked the question, he would have said yes . |j question, he would have said yes . have had to have years of really intensive post Traumatic Stress counselling, so i probably would not have said straightaway, but i think that any therapist worth their salt should be sufficiently skilled to detect, as my therapist later date, there is Something Else going on
that we need to explore. This is one of the things i would say, i am not against gender transition at all. Some people genuinely feel they are born in the wrong body, fantastic, go for it. You will have met those people . Absolutely, and that support them. But i think there are a huge number of people, i dont mean this disrespectfully who, like me, use gender transition is a form of escape. I was disassociating from my own identity to escape my pain. It is an understandable flight reaction. I had gone through extreme trauma, multiple trauma and i did not realise at the time that that is what ptsd does, it switches off the normal ways in which you can analyse things. That is what i was doing, escaping my identity, living as somebody else because i could not deal with the pain inside me, and it is really tough to deal with that pain. Nottinghamshire health care said we are unable to comment on individual cases due to patient confidentiality however,
we follow national and International Guidance and all patients undergo a comprehensive assessment to establish eligibility for physical interventions and to ensure that they are fully aware of the complexities surrounding medical transition. Fairenough . Fair enough . Yes, what it doesnt address, though, is that underneath, in my case, was trauma. I recognise that not everyone has the complex trauma i had gone through, but i think a lot of people who present with gender transition have other issues going on and all i am saying issues going on and all i am saying is that slow down the process and at least make sure. Deal with that first. I know lots of people on trans forums and i have trans friends who no regret, we had to be honest. Slow it down to watch . I have all the details of the guidelines. If we are talking about genital Reconstructive Surgery you had to live at your preferred gender full time for at least a year, this is known as social trends social
gender role transition. None of that is talking about trauma. When you say slow it down, what you talking about . No i should have had weekly therapy. I now know i have had complex post Traumatic Stress, it is not surprising, the deaths of three children in sexual abuse as a child, idid not children in sexual abuse as a child, i did not know at the time but it is no surprise i was in deep pain, that took lots of counselling to get forward. It is a very exacting process which requires a lot of effort and has not been easy to pull out that trauma and lindback as richard. It is a hard one, but i think a lot of people using gender transition to escape their own identity. Have you met other people . Lots. Ryan says im a 35 year old transgender man, i have known reliable since childhood. When i
finally made the decision to transition took me two years to see a specialist and abatement for the first medical intervention, hormones. This waiting time is now twice as long due to the underfunding of gender clinics. While i support anybody trying to detransition, it is crucial to note they are meant to only 1 of votes people registered with the nhs. 99 of us decide to move on without lights want we complete transition and are much happier than ever before. Move on with our lives. Great for ryan, but if you look on the trans forums, and i have been a prominent member of one of the biggest ones, lots of people regret. The physical pain is often acute, the physical symptoms, but also the emotional trauma, it is a very tough process. I have not been on a trans forum, but those on a trans forum, do you think they are unhappy . If you are unhappy, there is if you
are happy, there is no need to go on are happy, there is no need to go on aforum. Are happy, there is no need to go on a forum. The one i visit, which im probably not allowed to name, is the most prominent in the world, people go on it for all kinds of advice. I really wa nt go on it for all kinds of advice. I really want to stress the point i made earlier, i am not against people transitioning, but trauma therapy or counselling its really important because there may be other issues. I think in the case of children, in this media driven social image age, people presenting saying they want to be a different identity, we had to explore underneath it Something Else is going on, may be to do with body image and so on and so forth. For the sake of the nations sanity and their sanity we need to explore first. Is there Something Else going on . Do we need to offer than full extensive therapy first and then support them in the process of transitioning if it is right for
them. Bill says richard is very brave, discussing his transition and back again. It illustrates why, especially for children, nothing permanent is done without full Mental Health screening. 0ne permanent is done without full Mental Health screening. One person on twitter says you are a brave fellow. I found this on the nhs website, after surgery most trans women and men are happy with a new sex and feel comfortable with their gender identity. 0ne review of a number studies carried out over 20 yea rs number studies carried out over 20 years found that 96 of people who have genital Reconstructive Surgery we re have genital Reconstructive Surgery were satisfied. There are new surveys coming out that the speed that. The highest rate of suicide of any Mental Health issue is those believing they had gender dysphoria, 35 , that in itself should make us say, is it the gender dysphoria, or are there other issues . Lets get them out of the way first. Do you regret what you did to your body . Every day, it is tough. I had to ta ke every day, it is tough. I had to take corrective hormones, my hormones fluctuate widely, i have a reversible body change but i am lucky to be alive and glad and grateful to be alive. I have seen all manner of hellish trauma in my life, i do believe it is possible to ove rco m e life, i do believe it is possible to overcome the past and i believe it is possible to live in the present. There is a fantastic book called the body keeps the score, a fantastic book i recommend about living in the present, i have begun to live in the present, i have begun to live in the present and i believe it is possible to live in your own skin and be happy even if you have had trauma. For example, you talked about the fa ct for example, you talked about the fact you have breasts, do you want surgery fact you have breasts, do you want surgery to reduce those . It might not be obvious in a studio but i cant go outside in a t shirt. Not be obvious in a studio but i cant go outside in a tshirt. Will you want that on the nhs . cant go outside in a tshirt. Will you want that on the nhs . I can very well understand if viewers would be really angry if i said yes, because
i have done a lot of this to myself. I needed a lot of support, i have been through hell, if the nhs offer it, should i say no, when i do not have the funds . I would love the nhs to offer it, i think they might, but i totally understand if people get cross. Thank you for coming on the programme and thank you very much for your candour, we really appreciate it. And if youve been affected by any of the issues raised in this discussion there are lots of organisations who can help on the bbcs actionline website bbc. Co. Uk actionline coming up later in the programme all eyes are on donald trump as he prepares to give a speech to world and Business Leaders at the World Economic forum in davos, switzerland ahead of his impeachment trial in the senate later. Hell be only the third american president to go on trial charged american president to go on trial charged with high crimes and misdemeanours. Terrorists face being made
to undergo lie detector tests before being released from jail theyll get longer prison sentences, and serious offenders wont be eligible for Early Release some of the measures announced this morning by the home secretary. The changes come after the terror attack near London Bridge last year. Jack merritt and saskia jones were stabbed to death in the attack in november, and three other people were injured. The attacker convicted terror offender usman khan had been released from jail on licence in 2018, half way through a 16 year sentence for terrorism offences. The justice secretary, robert buckland, told bbc breakfast this morning the new measures are designed to protect the public from convicted terrorists who only pretend they have reformed. You get people who can superficially comply with a regime, as seems to have been the case in khans case, and then suddenly change their superficial compliance into offending and worse, and that is something
that is constantly challenging the authorities, which is why investing more in measures within prison and the regime by which we have experienced and trained probation officers and psychologists to really get to grips with the issues, i think will help us minimise that risk. So will these measures be more effective in protecting you . Lets talk to nick aldworth, who is a former Counter TerrorismNational Coordinator at scotland yard. Also with us are two people directly affected by terorrism. In liverpool, robby potter, who survived the Manchester Arena bombing of 2017. He was ten feet away from the bomber. Figen murray is in manchester. Her son martyn was one of the 22 people who lost their lives at the same venue that day. Thank you both tuck thank you all for talking to was. Robby polter,
how did that they change your life . Its affected my life for a very long time. It has changed my life, it has stopped a lot of things i used to do, but i have to get over it. What impacted it have on your 11 year old daughter . It. What impacted it have on your 11yearold daughter . Unfortunately she is still suffering flashbacks and does not sleep at night time. Do you and your family feel safe when you and your family feel safe when you go out in public . Not as safe as we used to. Do you think some of the measures announced by the government today will better protect people like yourself . No i think it is a start, but not strong enough, it is surprising why it has taken so long to do something about it. How would you go further . Anybody plotting to do Something Like this, they should still be sentenced as if they had carried it out, it should be life,
proper life. Figen, you lost martyn in that attack, what have the last few years been like for you . We had to get used to a new normal. Life has completely changed for us, it is unrecognisable to what it was before, really. What do you think of the measures announced today . Obviously i welcome that the government has announced all these things that they are proposing, however i am personally quite disappointed that for instance they havent mentioned martyns law, which last weekend they announced that they are fully supporting. To me, not because of martyn, but martyns law is important. I am looking more at prevention of things even happening. Just remind our audience what martyns law would you . Martyns law is a suggested
piece of legislation to bring in measures that venues take responsibility to keep their customers safe by implementing Simple Solutions to keep the public safer as they go into their venues. Iron disappointed that that has not been mentioned. To me, prevention is actually a much more important thing to look at as well, not just what happens to prisoners and how long they should serve sentences. To me, also, what is important is people like prevent, they have not been mentioned. Reason. They do exactly what is written under ten, they help prevent people from those crimes. They do exactly what is written on they do exactly what is written on the tin. So preventative measures rather than its happening in the
first place would be good. Let me bring in nick, longer injail, serious offenders not eligible for Early Release, light detector tests before people are released on licence, 14 yearjail before people are released on licence, 14 year jail terms for people convicted of preparing acts of terrorism, will be better protect the public . I think this is a bit of a curious egg, but without the excellent bets. You are seeing a populace response to an event which to play six or seven weeks ago a populist response. In my experience, legislation that moves forward that rapidly is not very well thought out. Take a measure you specifically do not think of the effective. Out. Take a measure you specifically do not think of the effectivem you look at robert bucklands in searching assertion, Current Research into 80 offenders martyred in terrorism shows that only 5
previously had a terrorist conviction. I am previously had a terrorist conviction. Lam not previously had a terrorist conviction. I am not saying it will not create some benefit but it is not create some benefit but it is not excellent, it is not tackling the greater majority of the problem. We look at longer sentences, the demographic between terrorist prisoners and conventional criminal prisoners and conventional criminal prisoners is very different. Social behaviours are driven by demographics. 60 of martyrdom offenders are between the age of 25 and 34, only 25 of criminal murderers are between that age group. It feels to me like these are a raft of measures that have been perhaps implemented, with probably the wrong demographic in mind. Justice secretary said on tv this morning he will not apologise for wanting to protect the public and believes those measures do that. would not argue with that, they deliver a of protection, that we live in a country with finite budgets and is that where i would put the money . Most definitely not. I would be following the suggestions
and discussions that both figen and robby have had, we can do a lot more with the limited funds that we have. Martyns law, which we call a protect duty, it will be an amplifier that will create far greater protection for the public than these relatively small measures. The vice since 2010, everybody knows, police and probation have been seriously cut, counterterrorism hasnt, does that impact on local intelligence gathering . Yes. We know a lot of intelligence that feeds into the investigation comes from communities, families. We have convicted terrorist prisoners who are there because their families have become concerned about their behaviour and reported it. A lot of that interaction occurs at the local level and if that policing layer is no longer there, then clearly it
becomes harder for those people to report to the system. It is also quite important to highlight that some of the ground announcements about funding, perhaps sometimes they need to be more transparent. In 2018 Philip Hammond announced £160 million. He was the chancellor. Yes, he announced that money into counterterrorism policing. What that didnt include was 100 million of that was to fill a gap created by a budget shortfall. About 20 million we nt budget shortfall. About 20 million went into vip protection which deliver very little safety for the public. Some went into the cost of employing people, and a very small amount became a new money. You are talking about £90 million against a £900 million budget. 10 . Currently, post 2017, my former colleagues in policing or counterterrorism policing or counterterrorism policing are still dealing with a 32 increase in demand. policing are still dealing with a 32 increase in demand. I want to come back to you, robby. You may be aware that Jack Marriotts dad said at the time of his sons medic, my
son would not wish his death to be used as a pretext for a more draconian sentences or for detaining people unnecessarily. How do you view the announcement today in light of that . This could all be stopped. Terrorism is not due to this country michael new to this country. Every alarm bells ringing. He shouldnt have been on the street at that time. The worrying thing is it ta kes that time. The worrying thing is it takes something to happen in london for something to be done. This happened in manchester over two yea rs happened in manchester over two years ago and nothing was done. Happened in manchester over two years ago and nothing was donem that the difference . If this had happened in london, things would have been done sooner. What do you think about that point, figen . Well, the thing is, i think maybe what happened in london was the final wake up call rather than differentiating it from manchester. And london, ithink, really the
government has to do something now. Things cant go on like this. People cant keep getting killed. Something has to change. But to me, as i said, some of the money that is proposed to be spent has to be invested in the victims and their families, the survivors and in looking after them in terms of psychological support, compensation. Legal support. Any medical care that people may need long term. That is the sort of thing thatis long term. That is the sort of thing that is really important. Immediate response rather than red tape slowing things down. In the case of manchester, a lot of people were on endless waiting lists and a lot of them had to pay for private therapy and private physio and those people should be compensated and given that money back. They should not have to
pay out of pocket. Went Something Like a terrorist attack happens, we are affected as a family. You are catapulted into this surreal nightmare and you are in freefall. We need that support immediately. One last point to nick, former counterterrorism National Coordinator at scotland yard. If an offender is kept injailfor longer, does that mean the public is any better protected when they are eventually released . Im not sure what the research is that would underpin that is a proposal. I think that provided the appropriate measures are placed around the prison population to help rehabilitate them, because that should be the major purpose of imprisonment, then one can perhaps be more comfortable that is the case. The release of prisoners should always be dependent on the safety of the public. 0k. Thank you
very much, all of you. We appreciate your time. Thank you for coming on the programme. Thank you. The impeachment trial of donald trump begins in the American Senate today. Hes accused of seeking help from ukraines government to help get himself re elected this november. His defence is not that he didnt do the things alleged of him, but that those things the pressure applied on the government of ukraine to dish dirt on a political rival are not impeachable. His team have decribed the whole thing as a farce. As it happens, in a few minutes, President Trump is due to begin his keynote speech to the World Economic forum in davos in switzerland, where political and Business Leaders from across the world meet to discuss global ecomomic policy. It will be interesting to see how much he mentions his own impeachment trial, if at all. Well go to President Trumps speech as soon as it starts but while we wait, professor Inderjeet Parmar is a professor of International Politics at city university, london and a visiting lecturer at the London School of economics. Good morning to you. The trial begins effectively, the chances right now of him being impeached . They are very slim because of the majority of republicans in the senate. It would require 20 of the republican senators to switch sides for a conviction to be reached in the senate, so it is very slim. So some would say, what is the point . This is part of the constitutional make up of the us. When the president has been impeached by the house, and they must go to trial in the senate. But it is always a political decision in the end. One of the key things is, how serious an offence, what with the consequences offence, what with the consequences of the offence which was carried out . For a lot of people within the house and the senate and also Public Opinion, it was a breach of the constitutional role of the president , trying to get political information which would be damaging toa information which would be damaging to a political opponent, but in terms of the military aid to the
ukraine, it was sent in the end. It didnt have much material impact. A lot of people are arguing it is minor. Of the investigation which present trump asked the ukrainian president to carry out on his behalf didnt take place. The investigation didnt take place. The investigation didnt take place and the military aid, circa 400 million, it went ahead in any case, delayed. The issueis ahead in any case, delayed. The issue is really, how serious an offence is this . If you look at president nixon, for example, it was up president nixon, for example, it was up against several articles of impeachment which are closely related to war crimes and so on. President trump is talking about. We are talking about, in his case, something far less serious. I think thatis something far less serious. I think that is what weighs on Public Opinion in mind as well. The Public Opinion in mind as well. The Public Opinion has it shifted verify despite the fact he has been impeached already. The chances of donald trump being impeached are very slim, but we go through the process of the trial, and who knows
what may emerge . The issue really is, can three orfour what may emerge . The issue really is, can three or four republican senators vote on full witness testimony and also for the documents which were not released by the trump administration, to the house investigations . If there was to go through on a vote which is just a majority vote, it only requires three orfour majority vote, it only requires three or four senators from the gop to switch, then that opens up the possibilities of a full trial and john bolton, the National Security adviser, and others, they have already stated publicly a number of Different Things which are quite damaging to president ials case. Different things which are quite damaging to president ials case. 0k. If the vote goes through, what might emerge . For example, john bolton, if he were to be called under subpoena, he were to be called under subpoena, he will talk about what he knew about the phone call and the other machinations. Those who want aficionados, the phone call is when
President Trump rang the ukrainian leader and said, do you fancy carrying out this investigation . Something like that, went to that effect. Basically implying that he needs a favour in return for all the support that he has given to the ukraine, he has been very good to them. But what we would like is some sort of favour which is, can you please investigate the corruption in relation to hunter biden, son of the former Vice President joe biden. John bolton knows about that, probably knows a lot more than many people his age have already many of his aides have already testified. It was actually said, quid pro quo is how politics works and that is exactly what we demanded in return for aid from the ukraine. It could get trickier and stickier for President Trump. Would you expect those who support him to actually double down on their support for him . It depends on the vulnerability of each senator to the election in
november. There are several up for a re election who are in vulnerable positions. There are four or five of those and their are four or five who are retiring in november. That is to say, they are not vulnerable politically but they are looking after their legacy and what will people think of them in regard to the kind of evidence which may come up the kind of evidence which may come up from bolton and others . Everyone is looking to the future and it all depends on how that particular element plays out. Thank you for the moment. There is absolutely no sign of President Trump at the World Economic forum in switzerland but as soon as Economic Forum in switzerland but as soon as he starts speaking we will bring that to our audience. Thank you very much for talking to us. This friday sees the cinema release of a Ground Breaking version of the Charles Dickens classic david copperfield. Old. Apparently, President Trump is on his way. Here is the president. The biggest, most
important people in the world. We are bringing back tremendous business in the us and they are all here to see stop i will be making a speech and then we will be leaving shortly. I think it is very important that the other is just a hoax, the witch hunt that has been going on for years. Frankly it is disgraceful. But we look forward to being here. Klaus has done a fantasticjob. We are meeting with the Gas Companies in the world and World Leaders, all for the benefit of the United States. We look forward to the meetings. Im a big believer in the environment. The environment to me is very important. Thank you, thank you. What is your message to the senators at the trial, sir . That was donald trump being doorsteps, as we call it. Just asking off the hoof questions by various representatives of the media as he makes his way to the stage, which you can see that in all its
glory. He is about to address the World Economic forum. Climate change is the theme, which you may think is interesting considering that hundreds of World Leaders have flown in to the World Economic forum, focusing on Climate Change in davos. President trump is now being introduced. Lets listen. Many consider it as an informal National Anthem of switzerland. This brief performance will be followed by the special address. Applause we are going to stick with this because this is a brief performance, we are told, so we dont want to miss what President Trump is going to say. Do you expect, professor, that donald trump will reference his impeachment trial beginning on the same day he is addressing these
World Leaders . We can guarantee it. The remarks he just World Leaders . We can guarantee it. The remarks hejust made in response to some of the press. It signals what he wants to talk about. He will suggest a whole impeachment is a hoax, there is nothing wrong. It was a perfect phone call that he made to the ukrainian president. His team say it is a farce. They keep saying, and he keeps saying, read the transcript. We have read the summary of the transcript, not the whole thing. It actually is pretty damning in regard to the role of a president and the constitutional position in asking a foreign entity to have an effect on the domestic politics of the us, and then to effectively obstruct an investigation by congress which the house is constitutionally supposed to do. But compared to previous holders of the office, is it minor . Iwould compared to previous holders of the office, is it minor . I would say it is relatively minor and i think that
is relatively minor and i think that is why probably a large number of people within the us electorate are divided on this question. If it had been on some of the other things, interesting and surprising thing too many people is that President Trump has violated the constitution on a far more serious matters with greater levels of effect. For example, the border wall and the diversion of Pentagon Spending which was allocated for Something Else, which has gone to that wall, several billion dollars. That actually is unconstitutional. The congress is supposed to vote spending. The president is supposed to enact whatever that spending is for. That isa whatever that spending is for. That is a larger constitutional violation but the democrats have actually now accepted in the most recent votes on the military budget that position, and that is a large violation. That sets a precedent for any future president to be able to do that, to declare a National Emergency when there really wasnt one and to divert those funds. He just said
then, im a great believer in the environment. We know he has pulled out of the paris Climate Change agreement. He doesnt appear to be a fan of Greta Thunberg who is speaking later. What will he say about Climate Change . That remains to be seen because, as you said, he has pulled the us out of the paris agreement. A large part of his campaign in 2016 was funded by the Coke Industries and others, and he is appointed to the Environmental Protection agency of the United States a succession of people who do not actually believe that Climate Change exists and he himself has called Climate Change a chinese hoax. It will be interesting to see what he says and he has also insulted Greta Thunberg on a few occasions as well. President trump is not necessarily known for being consistent with what he says and certainly there is not much
consistency in what he says to what he actually does on a number of different questions. I await with interest. What is not chinese hoax is the trade were with china. Presumably that will, because he is addressing political and economic leaders. It will, because the phase one deal with china was signed very recently. He has bigoted up as the biggest, the greatest trade deal in the history of trade deals, as usual he has bigged it up. But whether that gets carried out, the extra 200 billion which the chinese have said they will buy from american farmers, if that actually comes through. The second thing is, of course, mike pence and President Trump and others have said that what they want is a change in the character of the chinese economy and a range of other things. That has not yet happened. The trade war is not over and this is more than a trade war. Its a subordination strategy to try to
bring china to heal as a wannabe global power. Is this a kind of event he enjoys . Here he is, in fa ct. Event he enjoys . Here he is, in fact. He has a global audience but he will be speaking mainly to the american electorate. 0k. 0h, goodness, hes sat down. So now somebody else will introduce him. Roelse iron mr president. Welcome back. Roelse iron mr president. Welcome back. Mr president , welcome back to the stage here in the beautiful swiss alps. We have arranged for you the best sunshine which we can offer. We are pleased that you have chosen tojoin offer. We are pleased that you have chosen to join us again, this time for the opening session of the 50th annual meeting of the World Economic forum in davos. It is an honour to host you, mr president , on this very
special occasion and you have here in the room and some overflow rooms, you have really the best of what the Global Business community can offer in addition to governments. You return to davos accompanied by a strong delegation of cabinet secretaries and senior officials, it is testimony to the facts that you recognise the need for america to maintaina prominent recognise the need for america to maintain a prominent role on the global stage. The past three years, the United States, by any metric, experienced the story of Economic Growth and dynamism. Stock Market Performance alone is one indication, as isa performance alone is one indication, as is a record low Unemployment Rate. Investors are showing deep
confidence in the short and long term us economy. Yet, mr president , there remain challenges ahead for there remain challenges ahead for the United States and for the rest of the world. We look forward to hearing your reflection as we gather here at this crucial time. Please, ladies and gentlemen, welcome donald jake trump, the 45th president of the United States mackrell donald j the United States mackrell donald jtrump. Applause thank you very much, klaus. Very special congratulations on your 50th year hosting the annual meeting of the World Economic forum, a truly
amazing achievement. Its an honour to address the distinguished members of this organisation for the second time as president. When i spoke at this forum two years ago, i told you that we had launched the Great American comeback. Today im proud to declare that the United States is in the midst of an economic boom, the likes of which the world has never seen the likes of which the world has never seen before. We have regained our stride. We discovered our spirit and reawa kened the our stride. We discovered our spirit and reawakened the powerful machinery of american enterprise. America is thriving, america is flourishing and, yes, america is winning again like never before. Just last week alone the us concluded two extraordinary trade deals. The agreement with china and the United States, mexico, canada agreement, the biggest trade deals
ever made. Itjust happened to get donein ever made. Itjust happened to get done in the same week. These agreements represent a new model of trade for the 21st century. Agreements that are fair, reciprocal, and prioritise the needs of workers and families. Americas yukonites has been nothing but spectacular since i took off took up spectacular since i took off took up three years ago. The economy was under a dismal state. Under the previous administration, thousands ofjobs had previous administration, thousands of jobs had vanished. Previous administration, thousands ofjobs had vanished. Wages were flat or falling. Almost 5 million more americans had left the labour force that had gotjobs and more than 10 Million People had been added to the food stamp rolls. The experts predicted a decade of very, very slow growth or maybe even negative growth. High unemployment and dwindling workforce. And very
much a shrinking middle class. Millions of ha rd working much a shrinking middle class. Millions of hard working ordinary citizens felt neglected. Betrayed, forgotten. They were rapidly losing faith in the system before my presidency began and the outlook was bleak for many nations. Economists learned of a protracted worldwide recession. The world bank lowered its projections for Global Growth to a number that nobody wanted to even think about. Pessimism had taken root deep in the minds of leading thinkers, Business Leaders and policymakers, yet despite all of the cynics, i had never been more confident in americas future. I knew we were on the verge of a profound economic resurgence if we did things right. One that would generate a historic wave of investment, wage growth and job
creation. I knew that if we unleashed the potential of our people, if we cut taxes, slashed regulations and we did that at a level never done before in the history of our country for a short period of time, fix broken trade deals that fully tapped american energy, that prosperity would come thundering back at record speed. And thatis thundering back at record speed. And that is exactly what we did, and that is exactly what we did, and thatis that is exactly what we did, and that is exactly what we did, and that is exactly what we did, and that is exactly what happened. Since my election, america has gained over 7 millionjobs, a number of unthinkable. I wouldnt say it, wouldnt talk about it, but that was the number i had in mind. The projection was 2 million, we did seven. More than three times the governments own projections. The Unemployment Rate is now less than 3. 5 . And up 3. 5 , that is a number
which is the lowest in more than 50 yea rs. Which is the lowest in more than 50 years. The average Unemployment Rate for my administration is the lowest for my administration is the lowest for any us president in recorded history. We started off with reasonably high rate. For the first time in decades we are no longer simply concentrating wealth in the hands of a few. We are concentrating on creating the most inclusive economy ever to exist. We are lifting up americans of every race, religion, colour and creed. Unemployment rates among african americans, hispanic americans and Asian Americans have all reached record lows. African American Youth unemployment has reached the lowest its ever been in the history of our country. African american poverty has plummeted to the lowest rate ever recorded. The Unemployment Rate for women reached the lowest level
since 1953, and women now comprise a majority of the american workforce. That is for the first time. The Unemployment Rate for veterans has dropped to a record low. The Unemployment Rate for disabled americans has reached an all time record low. Workers without a High School Diploma have achieved the lowest Unemployment Rate recorded in us history. Wages are rising across the board and those at the bottom of the board and those at the bottom of the income ladder are enjoying the percentage by far the largest gains. Workers wages are now growing faster than management wages. Earnings growth for the bottom 10 is outpacing the top 10 , something that has not happened. Paycheques for High School Graduates are rising faster than for college graduates. Young americans just entering the workforce are also sharing in americas extraordinary prosperity. Since i took office, more than 2 million millennial is have gotjobs and their wages have grown by nearly 596 and their wages have grown by nearly 5 annually. A number that was unthinkable. Nobody would have ever thought it was possible three years ago. A Record Number of americans between the ages of 25 and 34 are now working. In the eight years before i took office, over 300,000 working age people left the workforce. In just three years of my administration, 3. 5 Million People have joined the workforce. 10 Million People have been lifted off welfare in less than three years. Celebrating the dignity of work is a fundamental pillar of our agenda. This is a blue collar boom. Since my
election, the net worth of the bottom half of wage earners has increased by plus 47 . Three times faster than the increase for the top 196. Faster than the increase for the top 1 . Real median high hole Household Income is at the highest level ever recorded. The American Dream is back, bigger, betterthan ever before. No one is benefiting more than americas middle class. We have created 1. 2 Million Manufacturing and construction jobs, a number also unthinkable. After losing 60,000 factories under the previous two administrations, hard to believe when you hear 60,000 factories america has now gained in a very short period of time full stop 12,000 new factories under my administration and the number is going up rapidly. We will be beating
the 60,000 number that we lost, except these will be bigger, newer and the latest. Years of economic stagnation have given way to a mooring geyser of opportunity mooring geyser of opportunity mooring geyser. Stock markets have soared by more than 50 since my election, adding more than 19 trillion to Household Wealth and boosting pensions, 401k and savings what millions of hard working families. These are many things and it is despite the fact that the fed has raised rates to fast and lowered them to slowly. And even now, as the United States, is by far the most economic power in the world, its not even close. It was going to be close, but a lot of good things happen to us and some not so good things happened to certain other
places. They are forced to compete and we compete with nations that are getting negative rates, something very getting negative rates, something very new, meaning getting negative rates, something very new, meaning they get paid to borrow money. Something i could get used to very quickly. Laughter love that. Got to pay back your loan . How much am i getting . Nevertheless, we still have the best numbers that we had in so many different areas. It is a conservative approach and we have a all of the trade deals and regulation starts kicking in, which will be during this year, especially towards the end of the year. Those trade deals are starting to kick in already. The regulations are kicking in right now and i see such a tremendous potential for the future. We have not even started because the numbers we are talking about are massive. The time for scepticism is over stop people are flowing back
into country. Many of you i know are coming back in with your plants and factories, thank you very much. Americas a new found prosperity is undeniable, unprecedented and unmatched anywhere in the world. America achieved this stunning turnaround not by just america achieved this stunning turnaround not byjust making changes to policies but adopting a whole new approach. Centred on the well being of the american worker. Every decision we make on taxes, trade and regulation, immigration, education and more, is focused on improving the lives of everyday americans. We are determined to create a higher standard of living than anyone can imagine. Right now thatis than anyone can imagine. Right now that is what we are doing for the workers. We are determined to ensure the working and middle class reap the working and middle class reap the largest gains. A nations
highest duty is to its own