spirit of ukrainians. this woman, aged 98, remembers the corpses of the starved. translation: what could i see? i saw people who died. they made a big pit and threw all the bodies there. my father went to western ukraine, taking everything good from our home to exchange for food, but he got nothing. you can say i had a life, but it was no life. her great—grandson has heard her memories, as has his older brother, who is serving in the ukrainian army. near the family home, there is a mass grave from the famine era. stories of the famine are passed on within families from generation to generation.