It brought people out onto the streets in the 1st place but on Tuesday night he struck a far more conciliatory tone apologizing for a lack of vision and accepting some responsibility for the social crisis China has found itself and he announced a rise in the basic state pension and in the minimum wage and a cut in rates to a u.n. Investigator on Human Rights has warned that nearly half the population of North Korea is undernourished Thomas quintile notes had tens of thousands of children were affected his Laura Baker Thomas Clinton has been the un special rapporteur in human rights in North Korea for 3 years he told the un General Assembly that he'd seen no improvement to the human rights situation shooting that time he said that currently around 140000 children are suffering under nutrition and $30000.00 of them faced an increased risk of death he added that severe restrictions on basic freedoms remained white spread and that North Koreans continue to live in fear of being sent to a political prison camp b.b.c. News reports are coming in of an Israeli drone crashing in southern Lebanon according to Lebanese media it was shot down by the Islamist movement has been law near the border town of car killer the Israeli army has acknowledged it was one of its drones but said it crashed during a routine operation details still coming at. Activists in northern Syria say there's an air of cautious calm ahead of the patrols by Russian and Syrian forces to ensure that all Kurdish forces have withdrawn from the border area that prime meant was agreed by the Russian and Turkish presidents along with a provision for joint patrols by their 2 militaries in 6 days time limit ball reports from the Syria Turkey border the Americans had a light footprint in northeastern Syria around a 1000 troops but their security umbrella allowed Kurdish forces to control about a quarter of the country and gave the us some leverage in the Syrian conflict that map has now been dramatically and rapidly redrawn at the expense of America's Kurdish allies and cementing Russia's role as the main foreign influence in Syria South Korea has become the latest country to tighten regulations on so-called easy to read in the light of growing fears about the health risks of aping the health and welfare minister said the government was banning teenagers from using flavored isa grads or liquid you also strongly admonished adults not to use them either. Researchers have found that simply switching the time patients take daily blood pressure medication can significantly reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes a 5 year study of nearly 20000 people being treated for high blood pressure found that pills taken just before going to bed were more effective than a dose taken in the morning the researchers believe bed time dosing synchronizes better with a body baby Seanie. Very warm welcome to News Day as I was driving into work very early this morning I went past a poster in Shepherd's Bush that said you have 8 days to prepare for breaks it we still don't know if we do have 8 days to prepare for breaks that we don't know when it's coming that's part of our top story also I was kind of puzzled that they change the poster so that tomorrow when I come in for work it'll say you have 7 days to prepare It's quite an expensive post a campaign by the British government anyway we got that on the way Rob Watson will be explaining the latest twist and Boris Johnson actually winning a vote for once and also we'll be hearing from North Korea Dar warnings from the United Nations about how little people have to eat there is it bad government is it bad weather also chilly in the u.s. As well California homelessness and for that we'll be here with the business and of course Matthew will bring you the sport. Or do you fancy more breaks it drama we had a premier on Tuesday as for the very 1st time and at the 4th time of asking the u.k. Parliament actually agreed to approve a deal in principle for the u.k. To leave the e.u. Finally after 3 and a half years yes but then it was all put on hold the government wanted a speedy examination and approval of the detail of the bill but it's the biggest most complicated legislation to be seen in years and many M.P.'s who approve the bill to need to prove the speedy nodding threw off it so pm Boris Johnson was once again defeated and it's now all on Paul but he can't pause canny because he promised to do it all by the end of the month or die in a ditch making sense of it all our political correspondent Rob Watson I've come up with a new thought this morning but if you think about a breath in geological terms does it feel to me like we're entering a new era perhaps the the Bharath as though it. Does feel like something. Just feel like something's changed because as you say he's approved the deal in principle but basically said yeah but not that fast and maybe we'd like some changes so to cut through it all for you what why do I say a new era because it seems to me that choices have now become a bit more focused I mean that seems to be the prime minister that Downing Street the government can either go for still trying to get a deal admittedly not the do or die on 31st of October get it through with some sort of delay or just go for a general election and say look there's a parliamentary pass let's have an election which would they prefer do you think the indications we've heard so far from Downing St Lawrence of the latter that they would prefer a general election because I think seen from Boris Johnson's point of view they have a huge poll lead over what seems to me as a rather demoralized Labor party out of the unpopular leadership of Jeremy Corbett and they fear that if they tried to get the deal over the line back in Parliament that it could all go horribly bogged down and just look dreadful to voters and so that's the way they're inclined it seems to me but they haven't rolled out the side I don't think entirely out of a short extension Let's see if we can get the deal done maybe not by 31st of October but. Beginning of December 1 so I suppose the interests of the government and the e.u. On the subject of a delay actually converge don't they both want to get it done as soon as possible so that's presumably why Donald Tusk tweeted so fast saying yep delay we can do it yeah absolutely just ask seem to be the impression Yes Well you're absolutely right what would you prefer it would prefer Bracks or that happened yesterday and the day before the week before anything just just I think the way to sum up the use decision that they wouldn't want to get mired in u.k. Politics. Right but I think what they might do. It's awful what's been described as flux extension So in other words what part of an of or which was a tension until we had the January but that look if Mr Johnson could get a deal passed before the why not Robinson with a new word to add to your bricks it dictionary flicks extension flicks and should stop it and say that these great Rob Thank you Rob and we'll be bringing you more throughout the day. No United Nations Human Rights expect claims that 11000000 people in North Korea nearly Hof the population on the nourished in an address to the u.n. General Assembly Thomas Clinton or the special room on North Korea's human rights situation also said that 140000 children are thought to be affected by on the nutrition and 30000 face an increased risk of death so correspondent Norah Baker has been telling me more is a number that we've heard for a number of months now there are 2 main things that the u.n. General Assembly Herridge from Thomas Clinton are who is the un special rapporteur for Human Rights in North Korea he said is that 140000 children are estimated to be suffering from under nutrition 30000 of them face an increased risk of death he primarily kind of points to different things 1st of all is the access to food that's coming from the government he said that the government is failing when it comes to its human rights of occasions due to its economic and agricultural Polish says there's widespread discrimination in North Korea has heard this from a number of defectors that I've spoken to people who've escaped North Korea have told me that if you come from a certain class including if you're farmers or your family are is not has not been seen as being a loyal to the regime you do not get this 3rd Russians that others get so there's widespread discrimination at times Clinton also points out that Reese. Problems within the agricultural sector including the weather and climate change are exacerbating the situation Ok So North Korea not easy to get into not easy to get information out of the So how does the un know this well the special rapporteur for human rights North Korea has never really had access to North Korea it's a difficult situation but what he does do and he's been here in Seoul a number of times is speak to those who've escaped speak to those who manage to get messages in and out of North Korea that are very few agents is N.G.O.s that manage to get access to information about what's going on in cities had to rely on this kind of information North Korea has repeatedly to fused to engage However all of their kind of humanitarian agencies are being allowed and there are a number of interesting things that are support when it comes to looking at the systems with regards to markets now within the last 10 years the number of little markets within. Within cities have sprung up where people no longer relying on state income are going out to generate their own income and he's at the lack of ability to can regulate these markets or even properly accept them is actually leading to a gap between the rich and the poor in North Korea which is something we haven't really heard before because these markets are so new so there are a number of interesting trends that he spoke to but I think for those who had hoped to hear the Kim Jong un regime may be changing Well nothing has changed and Thomas Clinton has said that the white spread discrimination this fear of going to prison camp the constant surveillance all of these things in his 3 years as chair for human rights North Korea none of that has changed the B.B.C.'s Laura Buika lots one of our headlines also from the newsroom in the news the president of Chile has announced reforms to address grievances on austerity has apologized for not acting swiftly enough and also the White House has rejected as Smee is testimony that President Trump want to do. Trying to open a corruption investigation into a rival in direct return for military aid the so-called quid pro quo Latin for a price tag Democrats say the claim is damning if you can you support please you are an awful lot of sports going on at the moment Lawrence there are an awful lot of goals in the European Champions League last night 5 unanswered goals for Paris against club Bruce in group a that puts p.s.g. Maintaining their perfect record at the top of their table killing and backpay came on as a substitute in the 2nd half and still had time to score a hat trick and it was a similar story for Manchester City because Right him Sterling got a 2nd half hat trick in their game against Atalanta as they scored 5 but this time Atalanta got a meagre one goal so Manchester City also looking very good at the top of their poll as a buy in Munich but they had to do a bit more work they needed Robin Lowe Robert Levin dusky to score twice to help them to a 32 win away to a limb p.r. Course in Greece 11 dusky can't stop scoring at the moment and by Munich needed him very much last night there were also 5 goals for Tottenham Hotspur maybe that's a changing turning point for Spurs in their difficult start to the season they beat Red Star Belgrade very comfortably 5 nil in London lots more football taking place tonight including European champions Liverpool in Belgium to play Hank We've also got Barcelona at Slavia Prague and I x. Against Chelsea is a big game to look forward to we will round all that up for you tomorrow morning here on News Day The other main stories today coming from the n.b.a. The Toronto Raptors started the defense of their title with 132120 2 overtime victory against the New Orleans Pelicans coach Nick nurse saying afterwards that it did look like his players needed a bit of time to shake off the celebrations before the start of the game when they put a banner up in the rafters in. In the venue and the players will receive their rings for winning the title and so on they did in the end when it and the Clippers against the Lakers ended in victory for the Clippers lots of points 30 of them for former Raptor Co while Leonard who overcame Le Bron and the Lakers and a lot of people think it's going to be between those 2 the series most sport in sport today and focus in Africa and on the b.b.c. Sport website right now thanks indeed Matthew Kenyon with the sport now Road Transport is and civil rights activists took to the streets of Kenya's port town of them busts earlier today to protest over government directive regarding the transportation of goods Philip has mall yes the Mombasa Nairobi standard gauge railways a railway built to link the main port and tourist destination of Mombasa with Kenya's capital in the idea was that the standard gauge railway would speed the time and and lessen the cost for freight to get in from the coast to the capital and eventually it would get tied into other networks around East Africa allowing trade to go faster boost everyone's economies you get the idea now at a cost of $3600000000.00 It was Kenya's most expensive infrastructure project since independence how did it pay for this project well with Chinese money and it built it with their expertise to prime contract to his china road and bridge can Corporation which are $25000.00 Kenyans to work on the railway and the issue is it now has to make enough money to cover those costs and so the government decided to issue a directive that all cargo between Mombasa and Nairobi has to go on the railway which is not great news if your say a road all each company for instance or somebody who works in that industry or in any of the other allied industries or if you operate petrol stations or or food restaurants along those routes so there have been huge protests along the route and I asked the B.B.C.'s Michael colloq in Nairobi to go and see what happened. The protesters waving placards and shouting slogans called on the government to do away with the directive it had put in place a few months ago requiring that the countries that had gauge railway line be used exclusively to transport imported cargo from the port of Mombasa to the capital Nairobi although the government announced several weeks ago that it had indefinitely suspended that directive the protesters are demanding that authorities completely scrap the directive of the road transporters claiming that it would have a negative impact on their livelihoods the Chinese build standard gauge railway line represents one of Kenya's largest infrastructure projects over $3000000000.00 of financing has already been provided by the Chinese government Can you need an additional $3300000000.00 to complete the project which was initially planned to run to the lakeside city of Kisumu with a possible extension to the Ugandan border some analysts have questioned the viability of the relying but the government insists it is an essential development project Michael closely there in Nairobi Philip has just told me about a dog that was painted as a tiger which is pretty pretty extraordinary a Labrador and the reason for this is another story out of China an appeal has come out of China do not die your dog to look like a panda Why would you showed a picture of the part of the county and she went on that I said actually you know well that's a dog you know there's fluffy Chinese stocks the child which is very popular a cafe has opened and I owe this information to b.b.c. Monitoring they do other stuff as well but they're very good on this kind of stuff it's a cafe which is opened in China and it's a petting cafe one of the places you go and it makes her feel better by stroking animals cats dogs and in this case pandas except they're not pandas but they do look like. Now you know it's just brilliant check it out from elsewhere all the stories you didn't think you needed to know Chinese panda pet cafe raises eyebrows and paint spectacles and ears on dogs as well but let's go to Chile where the president on Tuesday apologized. To days of protests that brought the cause. To a standstill He also introduced measures including a rise in pensions and a cut in electricity bills in order to quell the anger among protestors 15 people have died and more than 2 and a half 1000 people have been arrested since the protests began a South America correspondent Katie Watson now reports. To out as my connection to tennis is in she's day they're doing everything they can to get their president out. Listen up the they shout blaming their leader for the country's problems and I was the beautiful I mean and it seems supposes dence has been a little been yet on Tuesday night apologized and announcing concessions including high taxes for the rich higher wages and doing crease in pensions. Measures that were long time coming but whether they'll be enough is on Korea to lands on getting the political elite is palpable and. If they did get a look at that they don't think Chile has lots of money but it's unfair totally unfair my family is middle class they've worked so so hard all by themselves all I have to say sort of everyone here is that this is unfair and it's not hard the politicians are the ones who are stealing. The soldiers remain on the streets and in a country that lived through dictatorship less than 30 years ago that makes people nervous even for those protesters too young to remember it I haven't lived this any time before so it shows very shocking for us Nicholas is a medical student taking part in the demonstrations I can hear my parents school have lived this before and there oh they have a very big feeling awful a fear you know this is not normal this is a situation that is the biggest crisis we have ever lived so we wanted to take by. You know Scott Well of course every morning when I think that I will be here I of course I I don't care because I don't know how we return. The money for station of the people who gave us support and. They're giving us courage to keep doing this so yeah I practically forgot the fear that I had before. Across Santiago there were long queues outside supermarkets in patches stations as people trying to get supplies after days of disruption but nobody minded after all this was for the good of the game but then taken it into funded. We need to share a piece of the pie with everyone and have a better Cheli we need to make this country better because it's and Han's. These past few days of largely peaceful protest have also seen violence standoffs tear gas and water cannon used to disperse protesters some throwing rocks and on the brink more than a dozen deaths injuries never to know Hauffe 1000 people state business in politics in Georgia Jackson says authorities have a lot to answer for we are very concerned about 1st of all the human rights issues we have a lot of repression we have people dying we also have people detained and we don't know their names and the context where they were detained. In state of emergency in Chile a distant place that curfews around the country do you think here is peace of. Mind in the streets she lands would like to lengthen as far. As you what's in with that report. You say 24 minutes past the hour is a major problem for big cities particularly in the state of California. But the situation has become so bad that some elected officials now want to declare the situation a state of emergency in the last 2 years the homeless population in San Jose for example has risen by over 40 percent Take a listen to Jennifer Frieden but she's from the San Francisco coalition of homelessness but in the struggle for many decades trying to address homelessness and you know the numbers are skyrocketing it's not surprising we have massive amounts of gentrification we have thousands of people being in internally displaced within San Francisco as the economy changes and all these tech jobs come in and then poor folks end up getting pushed out and many of those folks end up on the streets and so it's not surprising but it's brutal people are losing decades off their life sand being forced to live on the streets because they can't afford rat What are the numbers like well in San Francisco we had from the last count we had a 30 percent increase in the number of people experiencing homelessness in some of the surrounding counties where over 40 percent walked out in the street in poor communities and you see dozens and dozens of people out on the streets folks intense you know a lot of folks with disabilities a lot of folks who are people of color folks who've been targeted by gentrification and displacement who used to have access traditionally to public housing which has been completely wiped out I mean the next question would be what is local government doing about it well that's the tough situation because you know if you trace back the roots of the homelessness crises it goes back to the federal government and they're the one with the tax base and so the local governments are a little bit hampered and they typically rely on police to manage the situation and sadly as a result end up spending a ton of money on the side effects of homelessness on police on overtime on and primarily health care because folks when they're outside their how to set a greats really rapidly oftentimes people develop mental health issues they self medicate which they develop chronic health issues almost folks if they're out there for a bit. They present medically 25 years senior So it just devastates our emergency rooms and it's a massive crises in the midst of a huge amount of affluence which is what makes it so stark because we have so much money here in San Francisco one thing that struck me in the New York Times article Ines was quoted as saying I think they can more about animals and then us yeah I mean that's yeah that is definitely a feeling there's a lot of folks having their property confiscated taken from them their survival gear they get medications lost they maybe have the last pictures of loved ones I mean all of this gets taken it's incredibly brutal but that's the strategy they use to try to push people out of neighborhoods where folks are complaining about them all of this just feels really brutal at the same time there's literally nowhere for people to go we have over a 1000 people on our wait list for shelter we have thousands of people trying to get housing and they're basically being told by the city that wherever they're at they're not welcome and they have to move somewhere else it's surprised over kind of funny because you automatically and maybe it's not good to assume that it's a tolerant and very liberal part of the United States but the attitudes to it's these homeless people increasingly hostile you know we're not isolated from from the hatred that occurs the child administration came out with a lot of anti homeless Com Ed said that that kind of is the people who have these feelings are ready I mean homeless folks have been a victims of hate for a long time a lot because they're so vulnerable there is the pickings folks on the streets who don't have a door to lock in so they're really vulnerable to any kind of hatred or violence and that has been the case kind of take issue with the article a bit because what we're seeing in San Francisco also though is this huge rise up of folks that really want to try to address the problem we have where renter city and people see themselves in the faces of all those people because they themselves are really at danger of losing their own apartments because of all the real estate speculation so people feel really an. They don't know what's going to happen if they lose their place so as a result we've seen a lot more folks coming forward and really trying to address the crises Jennifer freedom from San Francisco friend San Francisco coalition of homelessness says if you're with us for about the last 20 minutes no one has been talking about a story about a dog painted as a panda he still on Google is just pointed to a picture saying look look at this No it's a Labrador No it's not it's a Labrador Yes. A child's birthday party both these things have been severely criticized by animal rights activists as they leave Iraq to some vets color saying actually it's not a great thing to do all I do remember a a flock of sheep that was painted pink in order to make revelers at a festival in the south of England feel sort of calm Oh yeah why why the goal is to become I not will not make it Ok I thought it was the dying the sheep thing that you were objecting to believe it's the color. Off a Karmic Law and spitting you are very fond of her well thank you for listening to the b.b.c. World Service you state back again tomorrow to listen. This is the b.b.c. World Service exploring the importance of makeup in Middle Eastern identity. 100 women. Made from a traditional recipe dating back over 40000 years old and she said it is magic a tradition the couple lived ancient Egypt itself Sorman a type of black eyeliner adorning the eyes of the Persian women after taking a bath the 1st thing we do we just put our makeup on and we don't go out without the preoccupied with eye of my eyes or pathways and doorways it's not just cosmetic makeup at that point became something more than make up that with amplifying desires and aspirations and aesthetic youthful play it's part of the reigne an identity and helps those within the diaspora keep their Iranian heritage alive my personal history at b.b.c. World Service dot com slash documentaries. This is the b.b.c. World Service I'm Manuela and coming up shortly in Business Daily Have you heard of the Green New Deal It's basically a blueprint for managing an economy that puts fighting climate change and protecting the environment center stage we speak to those campaigning for it plus Annabel Prize winning economist tells us why there's much to worry about in America's economy that's after the news. B.b.c. News where Jerry Smit European Union leaders are deliberating whether to give Britain more time to decide how it leaves the e.u. The European Council president is recommending an extension beyond the deadline of next Thursday Britain's parliament has refused to rush through prime minister Boris Johnson's withdraw deal. The White House has rejected an accusation by the top u.s. Diplomat in Ukraine the president Trump made military aid to Kiev conditional on support for an investigation into his political enemies his testimony to the impeachment inquiry contradicts the president's remarks President Sebastiaan to be a new era of Chile has announced reforms to address recent protests against austerity Mr piñera apologised to watch a lens for what he called his lack of vision in addressing the social crisis a un investigator has warned that 11000000 North Koreans nearly half the population are undernourished he said 140000 children were affected northeastern Syria is reported to be calm as people awaited joint patrols of Russian and Syrian forces Russian Turkish patrols will begin next week as Kurdish militias redeploy away from the Syrian Turkish border u.s. Officials say Lanka's decision to appoint a general accused of human rights violations as the army chief will significantly cattails security cooperation they said the appointment of General should vendor serve under bonds for Lanka's commitment to promote accountability. Lebanese media say Hezbollah militants have shot down an Israeli drone near the southern border town of car kit Keller the Israeli army said it crashed during a routine operation and researchers have concluded that the risk of heart attacks and strokes can be significantly reduced if patients merely change the times or weeks they take daily blood pressure medication. Hello and. Welcome to business daily from the b.b.c. Coming up the people who want to put climate change at the heart of economic policy about managing the financial system in the interest of the ecosystem at the moment we're just draining our resources and a Nobel Prize winning economist gives us his take on what needs to change in the American economy you look on t.v. You see what's going on to look like people are getting more and more prosperous but Jordie things haven't gone that well or there's been actual stagnation or worse that's all here in Business Daily from the b.b.c. . Unless you've been living under a rock for the past year you'll know who Grettir Thornburg is but what you might not know is that in America there's a movement of school age kids just like Grettir who are also campaigning on climate change they call themselves the sunrise movement and they're putting pressure on politicians there to implement economic policy that has environmental concerns at its core they've had some success American Democrats like Alexander Ocasio Cortez have taken up their cause this is about our constituents in all of our lives Iowa Nebraska broad swaths of the Midwest are drowning right now underwater farms towns that will never be recovered and never come back and work here and people are more concerned about helping oil companies than helping their own families I don't think so I don't think so this is about our lives is about American lives and it should not be partisan science should not be partisan Alexander Cortez there who has table to build a blueprint for a green economy called the Green New Deal in a moment we'll speak to the economist who came up with a framework for it but 1st cya and they really had j.p. She's a 17 year old from bus. In the us active in the summarised movement. Started only about 2 years ago and even so we've got so much hype and energy behind our movement that we now have over 300 hubs all over the us all the way from in the north east to the plains the Midwest to the coast of California when you look at politics in America who's on your side everyone but the fossil fuel billionaires you know the way I see it they're the only ones who really have something to gain from inaction on this crisis they have assets on the line they have money that they could lose but the entire rest of us our families are on the line our communities are at risk what's the response been like when you take these messages to politicians in America how do they respond well let's just take it all the way back from November 24th one quarter's 1st proposed the greeny do you know there wasn't much support behind it at 1st it was an idea people were really familiar with it yet but right from day one the sunrise movement went and sat in and Nancy Pelosi office she's the speaker of the house in the u.s. And people were arrested they sat there together to sign and they made waves and made waves in the media and more people learned about that that day we only had about 4 so co-sponsors a couple days later we had 15 we came back less than a month later on December 10th we had another huge sit in this time not with 100 youth but this time with over a 1000 I mean I remember I was sitting in the van driving back from Washington d.c. I was a trying to cram on my math homework as I have school the next day and we're like about to get home at like 2 am and we're going through our newsfeeds and we're seeing co-sponsor after co-sponsor signed on to the green new deal because now they know about it now it's on the map because they use have gone out and. Short and done this huge action but what about the reaction from President Trump's administration are you sympathetic to what you're proposing. Not really. But we're not really too concerned about that because to us right now what matters is the next presidential election we're making sure that the Democratic candidates now who are running for that seat are going to have an ambitious plan and this means that when the next election comes around in 2020 we can elect the person who's going to stand up for the people of America and not the fossil fuel companies of America and who do you think is supporting the fossil fuel companies in politics right now so we actually have a pledge that we put together that says I pledge not to take money from fossil fuels so the politicians that we support have signed on to this pledge saying that they're not going to take money from fossil fuels. 17 year old Sylar many had to be of the Sunrise movement in the us that those ideas about incorporating environmental protection into economic management were 1st laid out in the blueprint known as the Green New Deal by a group of British activists and academics including the Economist and Pettifor she told me what is involved in the past people involved in the green movement used to call for behavioral change on the one hand of individuals or with community change you know recycling and reusing that sort of thing the green new deal calls for a structural transformation not just in the ending of fossil fuels of emissions but also a transformation in the economic and financial system we have a deregulated financial In other words we have a system which is really somewhat anarchic and it enables bankers and other finances to create credit in an almost limitless way so we know that for example j.p. Morgan Chase which is one of the biggest banks in the world in the 3 years after the Paris climate agreement lent a $196000000000.00 to coal gas and oil companies now they can do that without restraint and that is the problem so what the Green New Deal is effectively is turning the tap off to any kind of funding that is harmful to the environment and we're talking on a global scale yes it's about managing the financial system in the interest of the ecosystem at the moment we're just draining our resources in order to satisfy the interests of effectively the one percent but who regulates that you can say to a bank you're not allowed to extend credit to these companies because their home environment I mean how do you stop that it's a very tall order but so is the collapse of the ecosystem I think our financial system is very powerful it's beyond the reach of government on the her. All operate in the stratosphere if you like an unregulated world and actually getting those banks to knuckle under to the interests of society and the ecosystem will be tough until the next crisis and will either be a financial crisis it could be a climate crisis or could be a military crisis and when that happens as we've seen from past history that's when the financial system has to be subordinated to the interest and to the security of governments and of societies so I'm fortunately we know we can change the world through reason and sense but probably the only way we're going to change it is through crisis but how do you envisage governments going about that I might as you say a lot of these banks of Russians you sions are beyond the reach of governments So where does the power the pressure the lever's come from to actually make them comply and we've seen many many cases where banks have contravened regulations and they're going to slap on the wrist or poultry find at the end of the day if they can even bring the bankers in when it came to the financial crisis how on earth are they going to manage this on a global scale when it comes environment if we can't even get Apple and Google and all that and Amazon and those companies to pay their taxes her on earth are we get to get them to change this is a very good question but the point is this that these private financial institutions are massively dependent on public institutions in other words as we speak the Federal Reserve of the United States is pumping out liquidity to private that leagues and so indeed is the e.c.b. And the Bank of England and the Bank of Japan these are public institutions that only exist because they're backed by millions of taxpayers and we as taxpayers don't use enough leverage and we don't understand our power and we don't use that power to demand terms and conditions what we did in 2007 and 9 was to bail out. The banks unconditionally and that's partly because our political systems of course the world if you like are corrupted by the financial sector so it'll be up to the taxpayers the politicians in America who've taken up this idea of the Green New Deal have also attached many other features to it such as for example I think Alexander county or Cortez is talking about a universal basic income there is a risk here isn't there that this whole green you do idea becomes a rag bag of other policies as well it loses its focus on this coup or issue of tackling climate change on you worried about yes in a way I am but in another way these are all demands for transformation is all calls for look the way in which our world is currently ordered is very harmful not just to the ecosystem that all such a society there is a risk that it becomes too generalized but it is also number l.-a under which all those who are calling for transformation can gather and that's it's great strength . And passive form She's not the only economists calling for a change in how we manage our economies the Nobel Prize winner for economics Joseph Stiglitz is doing so too he makes his call in a book published this year called people power and profits progressive capitalism for an age of discontent a book he started started writing when he went back to his hometown in the state of Indiana a few years ago I went to my 50th high school reunion and what I saw was 2015 before the advent of Trump on the scene exactly the kind of anger that brought Trump to the presidency with some of the students who had want to go on to college hadn't been able to afford it the only thing that was open to them was service in the military that came back they went to police and they had become the angry men that populate trumps rallies so you saying that the causes of sort of the rise of populism are economic there at least one of the major causes and when you look at the data this was putting on a personal face to the data the median income of a full time male worker in the United States today is the same as it was 42 years ago and at the bottom real wages adjusted for inflation are the same as they were 60 years ago so you work on t.v. You see what's going on it looks like people are getting more and more prosperous but for a very large fraction of America I mean Jordy things haven't gone that well there's been actual stagnation or worse. But you seem to imply that America has become alive at some way but I mean it's still out before most economies in the world here's the critical issue is what do you mean by outperforming. G.d.p. Is stronger but most of their g.d.p. Is going to a very few people at the top the bottom 90 percent of Americans their average income has basically stagnated for the last quarter century life expectancy on average in the United States is down we are at the forefront in research so we know how to extend people's life but our economic and social system is made so miserable that there is basically a social epidemic of suicide drug overdose alcoholism the kind of thing that you see when you have societies falling apart as happened after the collapse of the Soviet Union and then 2nd off you diagnose the problem 1st in the 1st part and 2nd part you're talking about the treatment so what is the treatment that you are prescribing a couple ideas that I try to put forth one is we've lost grasp of what leads to the Real Wealth of Nations what I argue is we've confused what makes a country wealthy versus what makes an individual wealthy an individual can get wealthy by taking money from others or taking advantage of others taking advantage of market power exploitation of the disadvantaged and too many of our wealthy people have become wealthy as a result of this kind of exploitation goes a farce America is now almost a click to proceed then almost Yes I say it's we've become a country of rank seekers that's not the way you make a country wealthy that's the way you make an individual wealthy in fact in making those individuals wealthy you make the country weaker but you must welcomed all these wealthy Americans recently who came out and said tax us more and so that all of that they're not all like that this is one of the strengths of America that we have a lot of wealthy people who've made their money honestly you have people the. Worm Buffett who say it's wrong that he should pay a lower tax rate than a secretary and campaigns against it and gives away most of the money that he's made I think that's part of the strength of America but of course the people who are in power in the next 6 today are very different from that and then Trump you won't even talk about how much taxes he paid but you say Trump is not even revealing what his taxes are but he's also supported by the whole group people who you say have lost out so how do you explain that that's a good question some out they trust him you could understand a little bit with this is about he is saying that those who said that globalization financial ization and all these reforms of the eighty's ninety's were going to lead to everybody being better off those were vice. He's criticizing the you might call establishment lies by creating a new set of what might be called populist right populist. And eventually they will realize that they've been deceived what worries me a great deal is that how their anger at that will be taken out Ok One of the things that you prescribe is a big est more government intervention how do you see that ever being realized given that sort of America ideologically is completely opposed to anything that involves big government one of the reasons for writing the book is to hopefully make more people understand the essential role of government in our society and this is a key role both in regulation and in provision of basic services you know most Americans really appreciate what the government does but they don't realize that the government is doing it so for instance everybody loves their Social Security everybody loves their Medicare and so great do they think Medicare is that during the debate about Obamacare or some that was said I want the government to keep their hands off of my Medicare they have been so indoctrinated that anything good could be government that they didn't realize that Medicare was government so security is government if we didn't have environmental regulations we wouldn't be able to breathe the air we would be dying in our cities Los Angeles heck small og we really do depending so many ways on government I talked before about the bases of The Wealth of Nations is science but who supports basic sighing so it's government all the advances in basic science virtually have been done as a result of government supported research and that's Woods extended of life extended our living standards and so part of what I want to do is help people understand how important it is in a modern society for us to work together collectively. I was speaking that the economist Joseph Stiglitz So we have in the program not one but 2 economists calling for more government in economic management a good idea or not get in touch the Twitter handle is at b.b.c. Manuela at Manila b.b.c. That's the correct one and one of b.b.c. Or at b.b.c. Business that's it from this edition of Business Daily we're back again at same time tomorrow Do stay tuned to us here on the b.b.c. World Service. You. Listening to the b.b.c. World Service and now witness history with me Lizzie Benz Today I'm taking you back to the summer of 1909 when East Germans were starting to escape their repressive communist government while other countries in the Eastern Bloc with less heavily policed borders several 1000 people ended up in the Czech capital Prague camping in the West German embassy and Susana couldn't where among them. It's a summer Saturday and in the embassy district of Prague the streets are quiet you know we took the train to Prague and arrived very early 6 o'clock in the morning and then we discovered that the embassy was shut that day so we walked around the city did a bit of sightseeing with the children but eventually they didn't want any more ice cream they were time so my husband said we'll just have to wait outside until we see a car go in here and says I can I met 3 children aged 18 and 6 from East Germany and they're trying to escape to the west. And then an embassy car came we saw the diplomatic plates and I said Quick run the embassy official in the car got out and rang the bell and we ran up to her but the gate didn't open and who knows what the guy inside was doing and I could hear behind me the policeman from the sentry post opposite his boots were crunching on the gravel and then the gate opened but the officer had already grabbed me by the arm and asked for my papers my wife jumped into the embassy with our older son and I told my arm away from the officer and pushed him grabbed my 2 youngest children and jumped inside too then I put them down turned around and ran outside again the officer just looked at me blankly and I grabbed my bag which I'd left outside which had all our papers in it and leapt back inside and the gate slammed it was a heavenly sound I still remember it today. But answers on a Can came from touring you're not far from the border between East and West and I've been trying to get out of the g.d.r. For some years already my border is perfectly my brother was a pastor my uncle was a pastor and my cousin and our children were all baptized which was very rare in g.d.r. Times and to be a Christian in the g.d.r. You had to have a thick skin is this look. You are allowed to follow your beliefs but you are ostracized there were certain careers certain degree courses that were bad and eventually we didn't want to internalize that repression any more we wanted a self-determined life not just for us but particularly for our children that made their 1st official application to leave the g.d.r. In 1906 but the response of the East German government had been to force them to move to another part of the east. We were spied on our phone was tapped we were watched by the stars when we went to church and so on and then one starts the operative who was watching us it sounds absurd knocked on our door one day and said . Oh and when I opened the door he said Make sure you get away they're planning something for you. And of course this threat meant that we left for Prague pretty much overnight because in 1909 the I'm curtain was starting to develop some holes an increasing number of East German refugees were escaping to the west via other countries in the Eastern Bloc with softer borders in particular a steady stream of refugees had started to make use of a legal loophole which was that because West Germany officially didn't recognize East Germany's existence as an independent state it considered all these Germans to be simply German West German citizens which meant any East German who could make it to West German soil including embassies in the East would be under the protests. At the West German government which was why the coons when Prague running through the gate. When we got into the embassy the military attack she was on duty he took our papers and then he took us up to the roof to a room which is being used as a storeroom there are a few other refugees there and they showed us how everything worked but by the end of the week they'd all gone and we were there on our own for a long time the kids would live in the embassy for more than 3 months or so it was a big room under the roof if you wanted to see daylight you had to go out onto the staircase where there was a little round window very high up in the evenings I'd pick the children up to look out of the window of the city and I'd say no one could afford to go on holiday to a palace like this for such a long time you know. They gave us military rations I was always pleased when the caretaker came with number 4 it had semolina with peaches so I could cheer the children up. At the weekends when the public weren't allowed in we could go downstairs and play in the embassy garden we'd play badminton tag all sorts of games the children weren't really aware of what was going on we kept the days very structured lessons in the mornings so they didn't miss any school the kids want the 1st people to try to get to the west by the program b.c. Others had gone before them and over the next 3 months more began to arrive every day until by the end of September there were nearly 4000 people on the site as well if. The situation was really catastrophic the whole garden was just mud it was full of tents with bunk beds 2 or 3 high There were refugees sleeping in the corridor was lying on the stairs it was overflowing the embassy staff were supported by the Red Cross they couldn't look after all those refugees on their own and the situation outside the embassy was equally tense the is. In West German foreign ministers and the Soviet and Czech counterparts were all at the annual United Nations General Assembly in New York and negotiating behind the scenes what should happen to the East German refugees on the 30 the September the West German foreign minister Hans Dietrich Densher came to Prague to tell the refugees what was going on. And I'm here to tell you he said that your departure and rule from the crowd drowned out the end of the sentence. Well here we are up in the attic we didn't know what was going on until a refugee came up to us and said We're all allowed to leave my husband went to the intercom and rang the watchman downstairs and said What's going on Mr. Well after what we'd been through in the g.d.r. I was mistrustful it might be what today you might call fake news but I called them and confirmed it and then everybody started getting ready to leave especially late on trains took the refugees through East Germany and out the other side into the West. When I think 8 opened and we went into Bavaria the grass was much greener than in the g.d.r. Really. Really there were people standing by the tracks waving at imagine it was 6 o'clock on a Sunday morning in Hoff where the train stopped there was a process by God and the prime minister made a speech people have brought food drinks clothes nappies for children I've never seen anyone so friendly for years it was just euphoria the emotional effect I'm out I'm free everything starts anew it changes everything. The kin set to work building a new life for themselves and Varia But just 5 weeks later. East German border guard watched as jubilant crowds danced on the infamous Berlin wall that's divided Europe for a generation the fall of the Berlin wall meant all East Germans were free to travel to the west the beginning of the process of reunifying the 2 countries Venza ghost and if you had known that the war was about to fall anyway would you still have gone to Prague. Because I've been asked that question many times and I always answer it the same way yes of course I'd do it again any time I owed it to myself but I have to say too that if we hadn't done it us personally and then the many people who came after us with the war have started to crumble I don't think so and many politicians have said so since 2 that reunification started in Prague and to have been part of that makes me very proud. Hubert and Susanna can and now retired and living back in the old time in the former East they were speaking to me and the witness history on the b.b.c. World Service this is the b.b.c. World Service where each week for it big name musicians discuss what matters most to them making music music satisfies me like nothing else because it is really for our for any just makes me so happy it's down my face every day it's just such a beautiful way of articulating what's on my mind and in my heart music life at b.b.c. World Service dot com slash music life. And in an hour's time the latest global events in world update and on our website you can explore many of our other programs including arts culture and music you can listen any telling at b.b.c. World Service don't come. On air only and don't smartphone this is the b.b.c. World Service the world's radio station. This is super sistas on the b.b.c. World Service with me count I'm barking at sound no discussion here in the halls of New York with some of the most inspirational women you might never have heard of it was like back to 12 years of age playing the Olympics there's a 12 year old girl in here that dreamed of this moment I am not letting her down super sisters trading cars a groundbreaking concept when they were created in 1979 inspired a generation of women introducing them to those they could aspire to be like so why 40 years on is it still a struggle for women to establish themselves as icons of sports we are passionate explorers in pursuit of excellence. And I can cry and cry with anybody I am not afraid of that is who I am I am a nurturer I'm a caregiver I'm in an industry that requires that women do it better than men more for my guests and audience when super sista starts in 5 minutes. B.b.c. News Hello I'm Gerri Smit European leaders are considering whether to grant Britain more time to decide how it leaves the e.u. After the British parliament refused to rush through legislation on Prime Minister Boris Johnson's proposed breaks a deal the head of the European Council don't want to ask his head Hill recommend an extension Norman Smith reports Boris Johnson will talk to you leaders later today but the next step in the BRICs it saga is very firmly out of his hands the expectation is that you will grant the u.k. a Delay and one that gives Mr Johnson scope to either call an election or have another go at getting his deal through.