Because of a historic shortfall in donations Here's your and now this report describes a worsening situation in the Palestinian territories in Gaza health services have been overwhelmed by casualties from protests along the perimeter fence with Israel but the u.n. Humanitarian Affairs Office says that next year it will targets just 1400000 people here half a 1000000 fewer than this year its local Head points to record low funding and what he calls attacks to diligence minds humanitarian action this year Washington can't hundreds of millions of dollars in aid for development for the u.n. Agency for Palestinian refugees UNRWA the Japanese carmaker Nissen is holding its 1st board meetings since sacking its chairman Carlos Ghosn for financial misconduct on the agenda will be the search for a successor to Mr go on and a request from its French partner run 0 that it should hold an emergency shareholder meeting the British prime minister to resign May is expected to tell parliaments today that holding a 2nd referendum on the country's future relationship with Europe would cause irreparable damage several leading politicians have suggested that another referendum is the only way out of the current pass Norman Smith reports in what is likely to be another difficult statement to M.P.'s The prime minister will warn another referendum would reinforce divisions and leave the country no further forward instead Mrs May will underline her determination to stick with her current strategy of seeking concessions from the e.u. In the hope of securing support for her deal some in cabinet however and now backing the idea of giving M.P.'s a non-binding vote on a range of possible breaks it out comes in the hope of breaking the deadlock Well news from the b.b.c. . Malayasia has filed criminal charges against the Us investment bank Goldman Sachs and 2 of its employees for aiding the theft of $2700000000.00 The money was said to her been taken from $3.00 bond sales organized by Goldman Sachs that were supposed to raise money for a Malaysian Government Investment Fund known as $1.00 m d b Malaysian Prosecutors say the u.s. Bank collected $600000000.00 in fees for organizing the sales Saudi Arabia has rebuked the Us Senate for its critical resolution on the killing of the journalist Jamal Khashoggi last week the Senate broke with President Trump by blaming the Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin so man for the murder in Istanbul as the CIA has also done a Saudi Foreign Ministry statement accused the Senate of blatant interference built on unsubstantiated claims British researchers say chronic fatigue syndrome could be linked to an overactive immune system the condition which is also known as me and results in debilitating Tarnas a fact several 1000000 people worldwide Catherine Burns reports research to say this work is a light in the fog surrounding the causes of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome the main symptom of the condition is profound tiredness so scientists recruited 55 patients who had hepatitis c. They were each given a drug commonly used to fight the virus which activated their immune systems the team found that 18 patients experienced a much bigger immune response than the rest of the group and then went on to develop lasting fatigue they think this suggests that people with an overactive immune system may be more at risk of developing c.f.s. Type symptoms. Briefly a bomb explosion in Athens has caused extensive damage to the headquarters of the Greek television station scale the broadcaster said nobody had been injured by the blast b.b.c. News. You're listening to the inquiry on the b.b.c. World Service with me Victoria each week one question for expert witnesses and a month or. A woman clicks published on her latest blog post it's a Monday afternoon autumn sunshine with blue skies. She leaves her home she walks to a hot car gets in and sets off down the road. Minutes later the car Explorer . The woman's name is Daphne Zia She was one of the top investigative journalists in Malta RINGBACK. She had been working on the ledge corruption among the country's top politicians and on 16th of October last year at the age of 53 she and how work wire silenced. Journalists have always risked being caught up in violence when they walk in war zones but now the reason more specific threat the number of journalists murdered for their work had been falling now it's on the rise. This year alone $28.00 have been mired dead including Mexican veteran journalist Carlos the minggah sort of the Guess who was stabbed to death in January. 5 journalists a shot dead at their office in a map a place in the u.s. In June and the 1 the has dominated the news the murder of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi at his consulate in Istanbul in October. Is this the most dangerous time to be a journalist our 4 witnesses will share their personal stories and experiences. As of what life on the news frontline is like across the globe. One you can't kill the story. I was actually at home leaving to our office when editor called me and he told me I've got really of really bad news for you Yanna was killed and mother and I was him. This is Pavlov Holt she is the founder of the Czech Center for Investigative Journalism and met shark known as Yano through his work as an investigative journalist in Slovakia. They shared an obsession with uncovering corruption he was a very modest person and he really didn't like to talk too much he was the guy who laughed read the papers and analyze it and it was always great to Rep be here with him. Holtz of us says Young was working on material that had been rattling the cages of top politicians and business people in Slovakia who was looking into alleged links between Italian criminal gangs and the Slovak government he said he had been getting threats. In February this year family members grew worried after being unable to contact either young or his fiancee. Their allotted the police who found their bodies Yana was murdered at home because his fiance Mark you know he got 2 shots directly into his heart his fiance Martina one shot into the head. Their bodies were found only 3 days later his murder was the 1st targeted killing of a journalist in the country since Levaquin became an independent state 25 years ago the response from the public was massive. 'd an estimated 40000 people took to the streets in anti-government protests in the capital alone with other demonstrations across the country actually dos were the biggest protests in the modern history of Slovakia and the mood was kind of revolutionary in a good sense tens of thousands of people were marching in the streets of different cities of Slovakia and they were requesting the real change they were requesting the resignation of then the prime minister they were requesting the resignation of then minister of interior and they were also requesting resignation of the police president of Slovakia and the protests did bring down the government. Yes the government resigned. With young life cut short his friends and colleagues banded together and made sure that his last work would see the light of day after Jansma we decided as a group of journalists to finish all of his stories so I belief most of the story Seattle started are now published and this should be probably the message that we should send out as a journalist that you can't really kill the story by killing of the journalist. Holt's of us says the young. Has made the journalist think harder about how to keep each other safe. We don't have many means how to protect ourselves. But one of the mean is actually by sharing. By telling someone what you are working on Who are you going to interview when you are going to be back and where they can find all the relevant documents in case something would happen to you so they can finish the story. According to the Committee to Protect Journalists the global body that tracks the welfare of journalists in the past decade a 3rd of those murdered while covering areas related to corruption. But while killings get most of the headlines there are many other ways to try and silence the press cases of harassment intimidation and arrest are on the rise. To the closed down. I was placed with. Burglars in a room about $3.00 fight fight. Metter we have around 20 to 25 sometimes of 30 people in the room so it's a very overcrowded and yeah it's wery hard. This is a tear in your hand he's a calm body and journalist he's describing what it was like when he found himself in prison he believes Jute to his work for Radio Free Asia Reggio Free Asia is one of the media in Cambodia that dared to say the truth about everything they had to say the truth about the government to tell the fair to the people. But then he say's a rigorous clampdown on media happened in the lead up to elections his work had often been critical of the government I write many a report. Given right violation of politics during my journalism Kariya I write a lot of sensitive issues in Cambodia his work place was suddenly put under financial pressure and the from Penn Bureau of Radio Free Asia to close he was scared of what was happening to the media scene as critical of those in power up to the cause of Radio Free Asia quit because I wore it one day the go men real arrest me but this part leaving his job in November 27th teen he and a fellow journalist while I rested they tried years of sending information to foreign state that at the binded national defense of Cambodia they seize the 1st charge and as a contract later on they said they saw no graphic video on my colleague computer or something and they had me and my colleague with Berg you'll see the funnel graphic video and actually I thought they would know and there was c.b.c. Radio but still they charge me a bit so we are on the 2 charges espionage and pornography which end a stand that on the law in comport could be a prison sentence of $7.00 to $15.00. Is in jail. He has already spent 9 months in prison and he's now out on bail with the charges still hanging over his head he fears his case could be used to intimidate others it is still dangerous in this situation to be a journalist because some Our friend journalists they are concerned about their security now especially. Me and my colleagues still on bare Ethen that caught not just drop our charges so they still think that other journalists my be arrested if they continue to read or to say anything critical to the government . Says tearing him isn't about what might happen to the country if press freedom is threatened. Is a good market contrary we have election so in order for people to make a good decision they need greatly formation about the country they need to know who is bad who is good and they have to know what's happening in their country they have to know about the human rights violation they have to know bad environment they have to know about their forest all address social issues and who can bring them this knowledge that is the prize that media. Despite still being on bail and with an uncertain future ahead of him he says he is undeterred and Faust to carry on with his work if he can I have not regret anything being a journalist instead I am proud to be a journalist because. A lot of people they said their kindness to me and my family and why because during my We're going to have bring the real news the us to the people that's why they love me so I have nothing to regret and actually I still want to be a journalist. Backing from the public can help keep journalism alive even when it's on the pressure so what happens when that support is something you're. Listening to the inquiry on the b.b.c. World Service Don't forget you can get in touch with us about the program all with such a full future editions of the inquiry by emailing the inquiry at b.b.c. Dot com. 3 The culture of impunity. Increasing the. Public on the talk with join this has become law. It's no longer the strange thing is it's no longer something unacceptable is no longer something sad. Armada for Iraq last month the secretary general of the National Union of Somali journalist is facing a very different public climate unlike the waves of popular outrage and support sin by our 1st 2 expert witnesses he says in Somalia there is little concern about violence against the press this year for example we have a very serious case where before we used to say enjoying this is skewed we don't know who killed it but this year we have a journalist who was murdered in a broad daylight by a police man. Somalia is the top country where journalists face threats and attacks from both authorities and terrorist groups like al Shabaab a group that is allied with al Qaeda which has been carrying out attacks in Somalia for more than a decade. Which is journalist is in great danger. It can happen anywhere in the country even in Mogadishu where they do not control which means that journalist who's having coffee in a restaurant in Mogadishu may not be protected from small boy from Al Shabab carrying a bistro on a saluting him or walking away and nobody arrest for the reason other chart Somalia tops for the 4th year in a row it's the world's leading country for letting journalists there go unpunished because of impunity is exactly what we see now look when there is no accountability when there is no justice when the most hideous crime is committed and it is a lowered not to be persecuted or nobody's Hela to account then you could see that impunity is something that is enjoy it and that seems to be the biggest challenge for Somali journalists. Attacked on all sides left unprotected by those whose job is to enforce the law and without much public support they are in an incredibly vulnerable position. But all my fellow cost money thinks there are ways for journalists like him to fight back we need to build allies with our communities with our society we need them to show that we are force for good journalism is a force for good is the source of democracy in our society we need to pressurize the government be at a federal level or at the state level. To tell them that their duty to bear us. And the duty includes protection of journalists is. For all of us months says despite everything Somali journalist want to give up their fight to tell stories we refused to be intimidated we refused to give up we've had to resign in silence and that is why we are committed to defend our basic human rights is a no matter how many it is it will take that persistence will be one day but in some places in the world the fight to keep journalism alive has already been lost 'd 'd. The silence I mean. I got to meet the cat I got to interview the cat although he didn't have all that much to say. Al But Hartson he's a Dutch journalist based in Mexico he says there is more to the daily grind of journalism than hard hitting investigations. There are also those days where you get sent to interview candidates in local elections this time a celebrity cat named Morris they call him the candy Gatto or the candy cats and Morris has become somewhat of a local hero and a celebrity nationwide and sort of a symbol for people who are tired of the political system and tired of corruption and so they ended up writing more is on their vote when he's not interviewing 4 legged politicians yaml but Hoatson is the Mexico representative for the Committee to Protect Journalists their statistics say Mexico is by far the most dangerous country for journalists on the western hemisphere and he's had a few brushes with that violence himself. I've been in a situation a few years ago when I was in northern Mexico where I was covering. Small towns and villages that turned into ghost towns because of drug violence and one point I drove into town which turned out to be the headquarters of a local group of drug cartel hit man and I was held up on the street by somebody quite aggressively interrogating me why I was there this gentleman was also carrying a firearm so it was a pretty scary experience. But Hudson says it's not. The big national stories who are most likely to be targeted or those like him foreign and walking for international media houses the journalists who are by far in in most danger in Mexico are local journalists and specifically the ones that are focused on what we call in Mexico. The red news which is crime and violence and security which means they're constantly exposed to both the gangs and for example corrupt police officers they're also very well known in their communities that are easy to locate any reason to target and over the past 2 to 3 years the vast majority I'd say almost 80 to 90 percent of the reporters that we've worked with who are in danger are definitely fitting that profile some people might say why do I need to feel sorry full for journalists who's taken this decision to go into these places when they know that it is dangerous why should the public care about the job that we as journalists do that's actually a very good question and it's a question that you often hear the general public ask after a journalist is attacked in Mexico but you never really realized the value that reporting in these areas has until the reporting stops. And there's a phenomenon here in Mexico that we call it the creation of silence omes and these are zones where there's no meaningful investigative reporting and this is due to violence now especially in those areas there's often. Very high presence of organized crime and it's often a very deep connection between organized crime in authority and if those connections aren't revealed by the press then the general public may not know that they're actually voting a governor into power who has ties to organized crime. In Mexico it's clear in some places the fight for a free press has been lost. But looking at the global situation does. Think this is the most dangerous time to be. I would say that basically all the indicators journalists who are in jail deadly violence just a general climate of a still against the press is taking a bad direction globally right now. Comments from. Helping and have an impact far beyond their own countries the attitude that the president of the United States has towards the press has a very detrimental effect Eccles it ripples across the globe and them the most clear example is the use of the word fake news by author of tearing regimes countries like China and countries like Turkey in Mexico and Venezuela the use of the word fake news has been institutionalized almost regimes now have a new tool to act against the press they used to say that the president is now to simply call everything that they don't like people in power they call that fake news but t.n.l. But. It's not old. He is seeing signs of hope in some surprising places for example in Nicaragua as a response to the author Terry an explosion of the regime there the media are fighting back they're pushing back which actually led to more and better journalism in that country. And media managing to do this the pushback they. Just decided to power through preventive measures they used to go out by themselves when they were covering for example protest marches pro-government marches not only do it in groups and they do it would foreign journalists or journalist working for major international outlets they're making it clear to the public that they can be broken and that made it very difficult for the Nicaraguan government to push back against these media. But Hoatson says the worst outcome will be if the risks puts people off going into the job yes it's not the safest time in history to be a journalist but it's definitely a time when we most need good journalism. So is the is the most dangerous time to be a journalist. There is certainly a shop increase in Jumma lists being targeted specifically because of their work the number of deaths is still rising these here by the threat doesn't just come in the form of a bullet or a bomb. It's also about the most subtle weapons. Intimidation imprisonment shutdowns and the attempt to persuade people that the truth is no more than so-called fake news these tactics might not make as many headlines as the killings by that impact. Whether the threat comes from armed groups criminal gangs or governments themselves the only real weapon the journalists can wield is public support and where the people care enough about their press being free is it appears the crucial factor. This inquiry was presented by me Victoria 100 and produced by Beth Sega Fenton and if you want to listen to more episodes download our podcast sucked for b.b.c. The inquiry. Now in the b.b.c. World Service the recipe for the perfect food chain is very very simple and is so absolutely wonderful throw in some childhood memories there's no greater beginning across my for journey than watching moms face try out their one at a sprinkling of pop star ted Seth it's a new love I've been married for a very long time to music and this is like food is a new relationship makes in some controversy mistakes were made decades ago with the introduction of Genetic Technologies in plant production with animal production we're going to have to have conversations with the public I've finished with some passion you can start dialogues can connect people I love it the economics something cultural food when you eat this recipient from hundreds of pews maybe it's something you mean it starts your Francis's roots the food chain at b.b.c. World Service dot com. Ahead on the b.b.c. World Service at Boston calling with me Marco Werman John Park won a Rhodes Scholarship an academic honor awarded to only the best and the brightest You don't get to prepare for the now interment because right because you don't expect to get in like this how did he and his family react when they heard the news so I cried and then I cried to my mom who also cried and then we both cried to my dad who also then cried an immigrant story on Boston calling after the news b.b.c. News I'm John shy and a landmark conviction the High Court in Delhi has given a prominent Indian politician a life sentence for the mass killing excuse me over the mass killing of Sikhs such an Kemal was accused of having led one of the mobs that killed more than 3000 Sikhs in 1904 the violence was sparked by the assassination of the prime minister Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards. A 3 year old Indian girl is in a critical condition in hospital in Delhi after being raped but he's found the girl bleeding and unconscious and have arrested a 40 year old security guard the assault took place on Sunday which was the 6th anniversary of the gang rape of a student on a Delhi bus Malaysia has filed criminal charges against the New York based investment bank Goldman Sachs in connection with the theft of billions of dollars from a State Farm and several Malaysian fund managers have been accused of having misappropriated the proceeds of bomb sales organized by the American bank Goldman Sachs has denied wrongdoing the United Nations is appealing for millions of dollars in aid for Palestinians following a drastic cart in American funding it's trying to cover a projected shortfall of 350000000 dollars next year in funding for the Palestinian refugee agency the Japanese carmaker Nissen is holding its 1st board meeting since sacking its chairman Carlos Ghosn for financial misconduct the talks are likely to be dominated by the growing tensions between us and its French partner run o. Which has decided to keep Mr go on as its c.e.o. Despite his arrest and the United States says it's killed $62.00 al Shabaab militants in airstrikes that it carried out in Somalia over the weekend the u.s. Africa Command said all 6 strikes targeted a known al Shabaab encampment near the southern town of gunned rushing it said that in its assessment no civilians had been killed. And that's the latest b.b.c. World news. Hello from Boston I'm Marco Werman and this is Boston calling from the b.b.c. It's a program that puts a global perspective on the American experience as always it is great to be with you this week brain game adapting to a new country like the us is not easy starting high school at 162 years after everybody else can make it even harder I did not know like how to communicate with others with teachers I did not know what Peaches you want me to do language barriers add another hurdle especially when looking for a job so education is key but we're not going to turn away somebody that skilled with the language barrier we're going to try to work through that barrier and sometimes there comes a moment when all the hard work pays off so I cried and then I cry to my mom who also cried and then we both cried to my dad who also then cried tears of joy that is that's Harvard University student Jim park his story of academic success is one for the record books stick around to hear our conversation now maybe you've heard of the phrase brain drain it's what happens to a country when its best and brightest minds leave often for education and then don't return there's a flipside to that scenario the places those people travel to can benefit from brain game in today's program we're going to hear stories about the obstacles immigrants here in the u.s. Face when they pursue their education and how they overcome those barriers more nefarious has been working on these stories with us so what would you say is the thread that runs through these stories all these stories are really about immigrants trying to pursue their education here in the u.s. a Lot of times when we talk about immigration we are hearing about deportation or illegal immigration but there are a lot of immigrants who are already here who are trying to get their footing into the economy and they're doing that by pursuing their education will be listening to stories about that whether it's people who've just recently arrived in trying to navigate the education system or people who've been. There for a while and want to learn English want to better their skills in whatever job it is that they're doing what are some of the obstacles on the way to that brain game there's a range of issues that we've heard about one of them is that immigrants sometimes come to the u.s. With skills and education but they can't necessarily use those skills because their education doesn't match Are there certain requirements that they have to meet working here so one person we talked to was France Annette she's from Haiti she lives in the u.s. Now but in Haiti she was a nurse she went to school and actually in 2010 worked as a nurse during the earthquake helped international medical teams and help deliver babies but coming here to the u.s. She essentially had to start over so they not consider or my studies so they just consider only my nursing school so I have to complete a form. You know professional certification recognized by the u.s. With one of the many obstacles what are we going to hear in the 1st story today you reported this one from California right now that's right the 1st story is about young immigrant students often refugees and sometimes when they come to the u.s. They hit a wall in high school because of age limits my nephew there is thank you for the set up and here's your report my name is Maria Mirza and in 1000 years old we're from Syria 1st it was 13 when war broke out in Syria she stopped going to school it's risky and especially there were threatening other schools there will bomb then like any time eventually Mercer and her family moved to Modesto in California Central Valley we started high school there oh my gosh terrible I did not know like how to communicate with others with teachers I did not know what teachers wanted me to do what helped her most though was being part of an English immersion program soon her English was flowing and she did well outside of the classroom too I was involved programs. Davies 4th the International Club scholarship club tennis Mercer also wanted another year to take classes and become more eligible for state colleges it's often called a super senior 5th year but it also mean that Mercer would be a 20 year old senior too old for high school from Ursa it mean leaving the only school in the u.s. She'd known I was crying all week I was loth adult ed wouldn't offer the advanced classes Mirza wanted or the same clubs and activities Mersa isn't alone though older immigrant students sometimes doing well and high school and wanting to stay another year can hit a wall in the us because of their age lawsuits have challenge this saying the rules unfairly funnel out certain immigrant students in Pennsylvania one school district blocked older refugee students from enrolling in regular high school he told Walczak an attorney with the a.c.l.u. Represented to students it was only the older students the school district was really trying to opt its graduation rates in other words if the refugee students couldn't graduate and time and had to stay beyond a senior year that be seen as a knock against school's graduation rate the student sued and a judge sided with them school officials began accepting students through age 21 at the regular high school the dilemma that faces every school district in the United States is the issue of students aging out it's also hard to pinpoint how often students like Maria Mirza face this dilemma over aging out but it's clear that many like her can need more time in high school because of gaps in English or in their schooling caused by poverty or war I can understand you know the wealthy I don't know. Lindsay Byrd teaches high school in the dust of California at the same school Maria Mercer from Syria went to last year bird ran to schools language immersion program and says that 20 students found themselves having to swallow over each elements it travelled bird to see them trying to a. Us to a new school and then feel pressured to leave we're using an age of birth date to push kids out of what is obviously the best education environment for them but some school officials say the students can succeed in other settings and one of those that put adult students like those who are $21.00 in classes would 14 year olds Sirin a group she is where does the school superintendent she says that adult program shouldn't be considered a negative move if you goal an adult at program such that they're learning all the skills necessary than adult ed can be a bridge for the students she says especially if they can't get up to speed in high school but Mercer said doing adult ed would have ripped her away from her high school other refugee students wondered just too and went to school board meetings asking to change the age limit rules for some of the students it was their 1st time pushing for change in the u.s. So my name is Ann I'm from Syria I'm 19 years old and. My name is Rose. Bro and my name is holy mom I came from Afghanistan and I came to United States I was about to turn 18 the age shouldn't be a problem to reach our goals. My name is I am from Syria I am meeting years old I work hard to learn English honest book my get my grade up I just have to graduate from high school thank you. Mercer also lobby California's legislature to help newcomer students in the end the middle of the school board change its rules in June students could apply for that super senior year through age 20 California has a new law long these lines too but these policy changes came too late for Mercer she didn't have enough time to take the classes to apply to her dream college the University of California Davis but hopes to get there eventually going to go to college I'm actually going to do all the things I'm like in a study harder because I'm sad about it if you're sad about something and you want to do it but you can't that's. And motivate you more for now she's working and just like when she had to stop school before because a war in Syria she will what obstacles keep her from going after her dreams Barnett for Doris reporting there we'll hear from her again a little later in the program Maria Mirza sounded so driven to pursue her education and go to college I have a feeling she'll get there but for other immigrants working multiple jobs while raising families it can be hard to attend college or even go to an English class but what if you could learn English at your children's school right after say dropping them off that would be a cool idea and it's what Xavi Staveley saw in the city of Oakland the Northern California. Thank you. Yes it's morning at Fruitvale Elementary in Oakland there's a science fair today and some parents are stopping by to see what their kids have created including one a Casey her daughter's project is all about swine. Flu and slang Ok she's excited to see her daughter's work but 1st she has class here to English as a 2nd language for parents morning. They meet in the mornings here after dropping off their kids why being practiced ready. For the. How do you fell. Through the floor it's. Very easy Kathy Alok is the teacher this job is the best so I'm a mom I have 3 kids one on the way and so teaching a class full of moms is like the best thing ever Oakland Unified is one of more than 100 school districts in the u.s. Working on family literacy. This program stands out because the parents here are from so many different parts of the world and because parents take classes at their kids' school making things just a bit more convenient is critical but it's been tough to finance this program in Oakland the recession hurt funding and it hasn't really recovered since despite the area's big immigrant community Cathy locks e.s.l. Class is packed with parents new to the u.s. And immigrants who've lived here for years or. Where. Their mom from Yemen has been in the u.s. For 15 years but still struggles with everyday English she says this class is helping her understand her own kids better. That I understand all of these things and this before. Also weaves in what the kids are learning at school things like math it's been really neat to see my students realize that the stuff that their kids are bringing home that they don't understand they actually know how to do a lot also helps the parents in her class prepare for events like coffee dates with the principal but the. Fruitvale elementary its principal last year says parents from the e.s.l. Class come armed with index cards full of questions and they're all like why are we testing the kids can you tell us more about this program it's great to have them asking me the questions instead of me just trying to be like well let me tell you no let me answer your questions this might not seem like a big deal but research shows that some teachers perceive immigrant parents as less involved and that can hurt how their kids do in school so when immigrant parents are drilling the principal and makes an impact their lives say cuss says she says some of the questions surprised her one of the Latino moms was asking why don't we have more bilingual services for Arabic speaking families in my heart in my grade on you know I wish we don't always have the translation in Arabic but it was great to see. One group of families advocating for another there is a review paper here you can't get it Locke is now wrapping up her e.s.l. Class for the day with a spelling bee to parents do it out one is Ok 5000. 00000 f.t. . Soft seems like an easy word to spell but it isn't because the t. Is hard to hear lock the teacher decides there are 2 spelling with. Ok let's try out all the small trophies next to her daughter's classroom to check out her science project and learn all about slime Zaidi Staveley there and you heard her here on Boston calling on the b.b.c. World Service with me Marco Werman coming up undocumented people understand there are sacrifices that one's parents and one's community members have made for them to get where they are and for Gen park some of the sacrifices have led him to a prestigious Rhodes scholarship and breaking barriers for others but before we speak with Gen we're going to hear about job opportunities for immigrants that don't require a university education think health care technicians electricians or machinists there's big demand for those kind of workers and not enough applicants so some colleges are stepping in and training a wider group of people including immigrants to give them the skills they need to find work Marinette for Doris who we heard from a few minutes ago saw this in action in the western state of Oregon. Or a ball Kasar is at a shipyard near Portland slicing steel into small pieces he's using a machine called a trap burner this is this big. There's stuff up I don't know yet another and the lumber he shows me how to spot long well it helps us deal with this very annoying she began to recover also goggles and often switches to Spanish I mourn with what can I go with the mother close to Mexico like came to United to us and I mean now he's 47 and a while. An experienced one too but when a company he worked for left for Italy last year buckets are decided to go to school when we meet he was in the training program a new part of Portland Community 6 months learning safety standards c.p.r. And how to weld on big ships it's also a program tailored for people like buckets are older maybe without a high school diploma maybe needing help with English which focus our studies at night for me is really a little harder because the language is also the type of training that longtime Wilder's here say is needed now there's a shortage of welders because there's a Yeah Todd Burnett is want to back us are solving instructors in the old journeyman are leaving the industry and they're retiring and there hasn't been anybody filling the void and then history's being wrong but we're not going to turn away somebody that skilled with the language barrier we're going to try to work through that barrier Amanda Burks and she'll cock agrees with this approach She's with the National Skills coalition which advocates for upscaling labors the unemployment rate is really low and businesses are clear that they need to have enough workers to help them meet their production and service needs that need is clear when you look at welding an industry with big demand but not enough workers Baucus are started welding in 2007 and he really enjoys it more than other work he's done in California it was a fork in a driver and I work in not on different companies he also earned more money enough to let him buy a house in Portland and support his family over the years buckets are also tried to go to school he only got to 6th grade in Guatemala now he's wrapping his 1st formal studies in the us I'm learning from veteran welders I feel I feel Nevers. Because I didn't study anything before but I feel really good. During a break the Walters here talk about their welding injuries I had a high. Take right if you're not careful the end of it put it up and stab myself right here is like shocked it went right through me. Do you guys all have battle scars essential to the shirts they were or were scars Baucus are jumps in talking about hot slag molten bits of steel that pop off and can burn your skin a lot of times I remove my it's like and then jumping right feel like you're a piece of. All of this is exciting to Baucus our hopes to teach others one day in the future I want to be lean mean to teach somebody 100 I will lead supervisor so far he's already lined up a job once he's done training while for a ship builder here in Oregon his best paying job yet with room to move up Marinette for Doris reporting there our next story is about a part of immigrant life in the us that often goes unnoticed it's a fact that immigrant workers are more educated than ever before they're just as likely to hold a bachelor's degree as u.s. Citizens but often that education doesn't cross over which prevents people from continuing the careers they had back home reporter Ashley Cleek noticed this imbalance in the nursing world where there's a labor shortage and there to our programs trying to bridge the gap France and I say we define this was working as a nurse and Haiti when the massive earthquake struck in 2010 she rushed to care for women I took care of people with HIV to Mordor we think taking care of the babies to the fans had found her calling but in 2016 she moved to New York to be with her husband she left her country and her career behind because to be a nurse in the u.s. You have to be certified here despite 8 years as a nurse in Haiti the Fonz had to start over I could not work as a nurse so I started working as a need and a home health aide helping people with their meds food doctors' visits. Not anything we're not the demand for the funds to be a nurse again she needed to pass the certification exam most nurses educated in the u.s. Nail it on their 1st try but only 40 percent of immigrant nurses make it through the fence tried starting around but the material in the language barrier overwhelmed her when she heard about a program at La Guardia Community College in New York to help immigrant nurses like her prep for the test. On a recent evening about 15 women from all over the world sit with their prep books with paragraphs highlighted in pink and yellow tonight's lesson is on kidney failure probably should have their houses what would you expect. A loss right instructor Phil Graham Burr moves through the answers while another instructor writes out difficult words like create team ketones and I loued on the long sheet of but your paper at least 1000000 more nurses will be in demand over the next few years to care for aging Americans and the immigrant nurses coming out of this class are doing really well on that big certification exam with a 75 percent pass rate and that motivated to fonts to stick with it if people before you made it they pass the exam they come from what. They do. You can do that too they not super not to old people. But it's been hard for defiance when she got into the test prep program her husband was stationed at an Army base in Florida the founts knew she'd need to work weekends and study during the week and that she couldn't do that well also caring for her baby daughter so she sent her daughter to stay with her grandma in Haiti I sacrificed my family to be able to finish the program she did finish the program and passed and plaques exam she's a nurse in the u.s. But there's a hitch to work at a hospital in New York the Fonz is required to have a bachelor's degree to the Fonz has 4 and a half years of college 3 years of nursing. Well and a year plus of midwife training but the Us doesn't count the midwife part so they not consider all my studies together so she signed up for college part time she should finish in about 5 years but at least with the nursing exam out of the way the Fonz has brought her daughter back from Haiti the families all together now. After work one Saturday if I'm just husband makes a huge pot of stew their daughter rides a pink bike up and down the hallway. 2 with. The phone just pretty tired just finished a long shift at it Alice's lab and still has class work to do for her degree but she says she's thinking of 5 years from now when she'll be working in a hospital as a nurse. Actually make that report you can really hear how happy France and that is to be back with the family John Park also has a deep appreciation for education and family and when I think about Brain Gain he is a perfect example Jim is a Harvard University student He's also a doc a recipient doc of being the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program it protects from deportation undocumented immigrants who came to the u.s. As children until this year gins immigration status meant that he was not eligible for the prestigious Rhodes Scholarship Qian knew about that restriction but he applied anyway I fully expected my application to start a dialogue that's really what it was just from my initial application they really reconsidered what the statements that I was making and they changed a criterion a year so that I was able to apply and 2019 and now Jim Park is the 1st doc a recipient also to be a Rhodes Scholar when he came into our studio I asked him about the moment he found out he won the scholarship so I cried. And then I cried to my mom who also cried and then we both cried to my dad who also then cried because we're because you don't expect to get in like this. You know I mean why do you think the emotions were so high and intense with you and your parents I thought yeah might be a reaction but it sounds like sure that was the Yanis reaction because I think there's just a lot at stake my parents and I were all undocumented growing up under the social condition of being undocumented we knew that there were going to be challenges going forward but having this opportunity imparted a sense of that the sacrifices that they've made were worth it in some sense tell us more about that life I know you were born in South Korea you moved to New York with your parents was actually 7 What was it like growing up in Queens and yeah and in an immigrant family Yeah yeah I remember having these experiences so my dad would always come home so he works at a restaurant right as a line cook I remember my dad rushing into the house just his face was completely heroin and he was really panicking and he tells me there was a ice raid at the restaurant next to where I worked and so he came into the house really panicked Yeah and I says Immigration and Customs Enforcement Yeah and so I remember when raids would happen in Queens immigrant community to notify each other that and also say this is where I live if you are an immigrant and you are documented You're welcome the state right so these kinds of things were everybody mobilized their resources that I think was was huge last May you delivered a speech at an event at Harvard I just want to have a quick listen to this and ask your question my talents or of my own they were molded by my parents labor shaped by their both legs and their blistered hands so Jim tell us about your parents when you said that your talents are indistinguishable from their body of labor what does that say about who they are as people the biggest thing is undocumented people understand there are sacrifices that one's parents and one's community members have made for them to get where they are and for me the clearest articulation of. Sacrifice that word sacrifice to me it was in my parents their manual labor agreement and so the kind of work they do is not amenable to an easy life so to speak and so the reason why this was such a big deal and such a meaningful thing for them was to see in some sense their sacrifice be validated I'm just always thankful to them. You're going to Oxford University you're joining the company of many great artists and leaders politicians what are you looking forward to most at Oxford What do you want to do there are these broad foundational questions that every political society has to define for themselves some of which are who are the members of your community so in America to be who is American how are we going to define membership is it going to be just citizenship or are we going to include some other aspects and to whom are we going to provide the full benefits of membership so these are really kind of even maybe theoretical question but I think in America regardless of who the president is that's where we have to keep the focus because if we don't define those questions any semblance of fair and just and procedural immigration system doesn't exist it is a tough time for DACA recipients the Donald Trump still want to end the program Meanwhile a federal appeals court is keeping him from doing so what is your advice for other doctor recipients just about keeping hope alive that opportunity still exist despite the negative news about Dhaka Yeah so if you remember where your roots are that's where you can derive your strength so for me I always go back to my dad in the restaurant and I feel his hands right there blistered and and really hard and when I think about my dad and his sacrifices that always keeps me rooted and why I'm doing all this to begin with the other thing the reason why I'm optimistic despite all of this is because positive social change doesn't always come from the top and so like thinking about positive social change in a way that's not just feeding into the political discourse I think it's important that there are things that we can do outs. Of our political practice that can really change things Harvard University student Gen Park is the 1st Dockery subpoena to be awarded erode scholarship congratulations again and thanks very much for coming in thank you so much thanks for having me what a great story wishing Jen All the best at Oxford and that is our program our theme today was a brain game if you missed any of our stories you can find them at b.b.c. World Service dot com slash Boston calling or download our podcast there on your smartphone on the podcast up Boston calling is produced in partnership with public radio's the world n.w. G.b.h. Here in Boston for me Marco Werman and the rest of our team until next time Have yourselves a great week you're listening to the b.b.c. World Service 9 Get your headphones ready and take a journey in sun and the Congo River where we just cut the engines and return things who just now are channeling the mangroves and just the sound of the island's amazing. Heads to explore the beauty and the brutality in Congo river journey at b.b.c. World Service dot com. And it's 1130 g.m.t. The conversation to award winning conflict photographers from India and the United States discuss why the profession is still so male the importance of having women of color behind and why being a woman in the field can be an advantage and the phony ethics of intervention this is the b.b.c. World Service the world's radio station. 10 am in London 5 am in Washington 1 pm in Nairobi this is Dan Damon at the b.b.c. . Protest as a March to the hunger in capital Budapest complaining about changes to the judicial system and new labor laws that. You noted on the employed when you I think that discontent is growing and with this not only anger and frustration but to say those voices which would like to make change and the un appeals for millions of dollars in aid for Palestinians following a cut in funding a special report from Gaza the disasters I have encountered were either a natural a tsunami and earthquake or manmade in terms of your this is the 1st time I'm confronted with a humanitarian crisis that is entirely manmade as a result of the closure of those stories after the news. B.b.c. News I'm Joshua a an Indian court has sentenced a senior politician to life in prison for his role in the mass killings of Sikhs 34 years ago Sergeant Kumar was one of several Congress party politicians who are alleged to have led mobs that killed thousands of Sikhs in revenge for the assassination of the prime minister Indira Gandhi by her Sikh bodyguards John McGovern reports 5 years ago a lower court acquitted such on Kumar on the grounds of insufficient evidence his conviction by the high court is being seen as a landmark ruling it relates specifically to the murders of 5 members of the same family in Delhi a relative who survived wept as the verdict was delivered the court said aftershocks from the breakdown in law and order and the mass killing of Sikhs were still being felt as many as 3000 people died when angry mobs attacked Sikhs following prime minister India began this assassination by Sikh bodyguards Malayasia has filed criminal charges against the Us investment bank Goldman Sachs accusing it of aiding the Thursday of $2700000000.00 Prosecutors say the bank organized 3 bombs sales from which the money was taken to former Goldman Sachs employees have also been charged Goldman Sachs disputes the allegations. The United Nations is launching an appeal to raise $350000000.00 for Palestinians who it says are in dire humanitarian need but in a new report it says it will target fewer people because of a historic shortfall in the nation's Here's our Middle East correspondent you're like Well this report describes a worsening situation in the Palestinian territories in Gaza health services have been overwhelmed by casualties from protests along the perimeter fence with Israel but the u.n. Humanitarian Affairs Office says that next year it will target just $1400000.00 people here half a 1000000 fewer than this year its local Head points to record low funding and what he calls attacks to diligence minds humanitarian action this year Washington can't hundreds of millions of dollars in aid for development and for the u.n. Agency for Palestinian refugees in ruins. The Japanese carmaker Nissen is holding its 1st board meeting since sacking its chairman Carlos Ghosn for financial misconduct that is growing tension between newsstand and its French partner Rhino particularly as Rhino has decided to retain Mr go on as its c.e.o. Our Tokyo correspondent Rupert Wingfield Hayes has been following events this is the struggle for control of who really runs Nissan who really dominates Nissan It has been for the last 20 years or so pretty much run over that it's called the shots but it's very clear that the Nissan Management here in Japan wants to readjust they want to revamping of this alliance to make it more equal to reflect the fact that Nissan is now the bigger more profitable and more powerful company in the alliance Well news from the b.b.c. Ethiopia has confirmed that its troops have begun withdrawing from positions along the border with are a trainer 5 months after a peace agreement was signed ending years of hostility the 2 countries fought a border war between 19982000 which killed tens of thousands of troops Ethiopia says the troop withdrawal from the long disputed border area is part of the peace deal it's signed the United States says it's killed 60 to al Shabaab militants in air strikes it carried out in Somalia over the weekend the u.s. Africa command so the strikes targeted a known al Shabaab encampment near the southern town of gun drash in its assessment no civilians were killed or injured however there's been no independent confirmation of this. A 3 year old Indian girl is in a critical condition in hospital in Delhi after being right police have arrested a 40 year old man reports say the girl's parents were out of work at the time from Delhi has to be in a gutter The girl was found bleeding and unconscious at a home and is now in hospital in a critical condition police have arrested a 40 year old security guard who worked in the building the child lived in it's alleged that he had lope a girl with speeds the attack is the latest in a string of brutal sexual assaults in the Indian capital Delhi women's commissioner said the incident demands.