Concerns about the affordability of the Royal Navy's 2 new aircraft carriers the Commons Public Accounts Committee has warned that costs for the program could still rise at a time when the defense budget is already strained our correspondent Jonathan Bale has mole it's not just the 2 aircraft carriers themselves which cost more than $6000000000.00 pounds to build but also the new f. $35.00 jets that will fly off them and the other warships they need to protect the carriers the M.P.'s warn that if costs rise further then that could jeopardize the funds for other defense programs Amedee says it's committed to keeping costs under control 2 fishermen are missing and one has been rescued after their boat capsized in Loch Fyne in our goal and buttes life boats were called out after a distress signal was received just around 6 last night mom was pulled from the water by the crew a survey suggests transgender people face widespread Crist's discrimination at work one in they say they've been physically attacked by colleagues or customers in the past year with half hiding their identity for fave discrimination hole to caucus from the campaign group Stonewall when you take all these experiences together whether it is a picture of the really be out to live free life every part of your life which. Is about it that's a mental health. Bars Johnson has raised the prospect of a bridge across the English Channel is believed the foreign secretary raised the idea during a summit with President and three's a May g salmon has the latest from the Australian Open in Melbourne. We're Great Britain's kind of been the world number 49 has come through a 5 set 3 and a half hour epic in temperatures of over 40 degrees to be George's and Nicholas a bust lash really 763-6466 Love 75 because placed in the round of 16 of the Australian Open for the 1st time at been one just the 3rd 5 set match of his career and will now face evoke all of it on dress Seppi now here in 5 live with the latest from England's one day international in Brisbane as Henry ram Australia 56 without loss after 10 overs the powerplay tough work for England in the heat of Brisbane the pitch looks flat Australia as open as David Warner on 30 Aaron Finch on 26 have been finding the boundary with regularity and England haven't had much assistance from a surface that looks like it could see some big scores today in this 2nd one day international England of course one though up in the series they like to chase but it looks as though it could be quite the Rajai Swen it gets on the way later on today Australia 56 without loss going along with a lot of these out there in the middle 10 overs have been bowled so far in Australia's innings that's got the rest of the morning sport his Shabnam unit in sneaker Carmen Wilson is 3 to his 1st mass to semifinal after knocking out the 2 time champion Mark Williams Wilson thrashed the Welshman 6 warm Meanwhile the defending champion Ronnie O'Sullivan has once again suggested he may not play at this year's World Championships after a shock exit from the Masters he was beaten 61 by Mark Allen after struggling with illness and Brucey Dortmund say as and when that has been disrespectful by saying there striker p.f. Emerick obame end would fit in at Arsenal the Gabba on target has been left out of his side's trip to hurt the Berlin later but the club say they've had no contact with Arsenal. This is b.b.c. 5 live on digital online smartphone and stop it and the weather now a cold nights will turn into an icy start with sunny spells and blistery wintry Sallis for most of us today showers for the heaviest across western parts with the snowfall expected in the northwest with highs of 6 Celsius come out to Mayo's film review on t.v. That he was so close together and now I'm going to hear Ok guys he ready to go Bring it on Tamera should say voted the most reassuring voice in the world by listeners to this program was all this amazing and what was signed you were also very emotionally stable there is a most intimidating voice again this week on the show and off Hollywood royalty hot streak continues Meryl Streep and Tom Hanks will be our guests why we are state sponsored realistic if you know you're on the b.b.c. Oh even Blair all these well come up to Mayo's film review today and 2 on 5 life. And a very good morning to you 5 past 4 dollars with you between now and 5 o'clock as Britain struggles to cope with a couple of days of winter it now looks as though 2017 was one of the hottest years on record why and what can we learn from it we'll also be hearing about the ways that dogs are helping the war efforts around the world keeping soldiers safe from mines and explosives but what happens when they retire we'll hear how they can live long good happy lives and a new blood test could tell you if you got the early stages of cancer in the future it could be as easy to have as a cholesterol test and a drone as rescued 2 teenagers from rough seas and what's the 1st rescue of its kind that's an awful lot more which we know and 5 o'clock. We've been hearing it. Way through the program about how hot it's been over in Australia. 40 degrees today. Let's concentrate on that now last year was one of the hottest years ever recorded without the phenomena known as Nino according to researches from organizations including NASA and the Met Office 2016 remains the hottest since records began in the mid 19th century Andrew King is a lecturer in the in climate science at the University of Melbourne you have in the 40 degrees at the moment. Yes it's not very pleasant. When we look at the the the figures that have come out now the measurement is being done with or without El Nino Why is that and can you explain a little bit more about the effects that that and what El Nino is. Yeah so El Nino is a phenomena in the Pacific Ocean but basically it's. A measure of heat transport between the ocean and the atmosphere so when we have an El Nino the atmosphere gets a bit warmer as the ocean expels a bit more energy because we measure the global temperature based of station data around the world so that's temperature observations at the surface that means that during an El Nino when the heat's being expelled from the ocean it tends to be a bit warmer on average about point one over to courage Celsius and during the opposite size which is a lot niña it's a bit cooler but by about point one degree Celsius as well so that causes variations in the global temperature now the difference is no point one plus or minus depending on where the reality is that doesn't sound like an awful lot so they sort of like go out in the morning and think was going to be no point one cold rule no point well Wolf that it was yesterday. True. But remembering that this is kind of averaging all this data from across the world for a whole year so that such as it's quite a big difference in the amount of energy in the lower that's being represented by the point one degree difference in the temperature and by by doing all this averaging and look at the global temperature. It's easier to kind of see the signal of climate change because the variability. Variabilities quite low in the global temperature whereas if we were just looking at the the year to year variability and the U.K.'s temperatures or in London's temperatures more specifically we'd see much more variability by offering across the globe we can really pick apart the climate change signal more easily is it possible to to pick that's why. Map apart and say we can see the direct effect that say greenhouse gases are playing over an industrialized country like Britain or a country with a lot of you know another part of the world isn't suffering in the same way. Because greenhouse gases agreements become very well mixed in the atmosphere. They have a global effect so the greenhouse gases in the u.k. Cause warming everywhere for the greenhouse gases and it's in China or Iran or anywhere else in the world. So. It's really a combination of what all these countries are missing. But because of this warming. More broadly everywhere over the last 100 years the temperatures gone up by about one degree has been and and that's a lot compared to how it was in the 1000 years before that is there any way when you look at what has happened in the last 100 years that you can see that we will get to a stage where we can actually start to have a positive effect on overall temperatures by doing what we're doing. So you're right that the refreezing about one degree of global warming and $27.00 June and it's about just over one degree above what we'd expect from a pre-industrial climate and the warming is. Real can attribute directly to the scene for us climate change if we keep emitting our greenhouse gases we're going to see further warming. The purpose of of the power of sick remans is essentially to try and limit the global warming to preferably $1.00 or 2 degrees. So we're well on the way I mean that's one of the problems that we're getting very close to watch what was a warning signs in the what the powers accord was about exactly where almost a relief so we've got another half a degree to go basically to parse target and we've got a lot of inertia in the system as well so I mean even if we stopped emitting a lot greenhouse gases it would still warm up for another decade or 2. So if we did we really have to act very quickly now to try and keep the terrorists global warming targets and those are designed to avoid dangerous climate change so if we don't do this. We're more likely to experience more dangerous effects of climate change in the future and all those effects. Can be reversed if in say 2030 is. The world got the warning shot that you wanted to have. And started to change then would the icecaps refreeze would would the damage that's being done be reversed would it oh we just in the position now where we've we've done the damage that we're going to do. So that's a really good question the surface of the impact would be very helpful so including sea level rise for example if emitting greenhouse gases the sea level will rise but even if it was some to stop in a few decades time the sea level will continue to rise for decades after that and I'm full of for a very long time with the same truth the same is true for harsh cop refreezing whereas. There would be a slightly quicker response and so local temperature is. Over places like be tight . And the King thanks so much for your time I hope you stay a slightly cooler in the the next few hours anyway it's going to be a little cool in in Melbourne where it's been 40 degrees today I've been playing tennis there for Novolog Let's go up to Queensland Meanwhile it's all happening Australia known and you around there the one day international England have made a breakthrough Australia $68.00 after 12 overs the wicket to fall that of David Warner the powerful left handed opening batsman out caught by Joe Root at slip moving sharply to his right the ball up knowing now he getting just a little bit a turn away from the left hand and that was enough to find the edge of Warner's back he's gone for $35.00 England have the breakthrough they were looking for after an explosive start from Australia 12 overs gone $6841.00 is this go on Finch unbeaten on 32 Thanks Henry a quarter past 4 all the time scientists have taken a step towards one of the biggest goals in medicine a universal blood test for cancer a team in the us is trial the method that detects 8 common forms of the disease it's called Cancer seek and it was developed by a team at John Hopkins University in Maryland I mean speaking to Dr Nicholas Papadopoulos who led the study and I asked him how it works this has it's a screening test 1st of all and the idea behind it is to try to identify use the stairs to try to identify cancers so there are still individuals that still do not have symptoms so in other words that's what we call a detection of cancer that is the ultimate goal of the test is it early detection of of cancer in its early stages it were or it's early detection of cancers that there are advances because obviously people would want a test that finds it early on yeah that's the idea that does if the person does not have any symptoms and still have for whatever reason cancer that is not very early will detect that too but. Usually the people who have symptoms it's what you know the concept of late so it will detect any concept as in a healthy if you wish individually so we cannot prevent the test from detecting your advice consonance However we hope if you we seize that as a screening tool in the future most of the people that they're going to be using the stairs or the stairs are going to apply to them it's going to be healthy individuals sort of police people that there are people healthy and normal and we think that these individuals would not have advanced cause cancers I also want to make a point I know that usually you know cancer is a divide the stage 1234 is simple stage and system was for being the advancement the starting so we would like to detect them in stage one but even if we detect them in stage 2 before symptoms appear still the chances of these individual surviving are higher than we're waiting for this concert to become states that are your soul so it's not bad that they can detect the concept even if it's not the earliest stages I don't know if I made that clear but that's made that perfectly fit how does the test work then so the test what did the text is pieces or fragments of d.n.a. The genetic material that it's present in every cell of our body but the d.n.a. Comes specifically from cancer cells so it's designed. To find the b.m.a. That our plasma in our secure liaison that comes from the cancer cells and also detects another on a light as we call it which is proteins again those are proteins that there are present in the conscious cells so it's a combination test if you wish between d.n.a. And protein and we did this to increase in city deals that this can do that morning to vigils one of the really important things about this test is that it's not that expensive is it well if we go on that is one of them and the other it is that the noninvasive meaning that everybody that I know is willing or has given at some point in their lives blood it's so that's what we call noninvasive testing something that has good compliance with individuals instead of something morning basing that actually requires perhaps you know city or some other thing so that does those are 2 things are important for the screening to the price that you referred to. A margin that Assuming that has that really works out in the follow up studies and all of these things a screening test that means that thousands or millions of people will take it and he has to be to keep That's something that actually we took tried to focus on that we did then one by design to have a test that these very expensive and we took pains in trying to do these by actually limiting the the number of patients that's the d.n.a. That I referred to earlier and the number of proteins to just 8 so it can be manageable and not expensive one allies it. This is some other important things to Saudi. And the other important thing is a screening test again because most individuals on this earth do not have cancer so we cannot have false positives or have I mean last in this 100 percent but we took also a lot of. Interest in developing something that doesn't have false positives at a level that is going to make the useless Dr Nicholas Papadopoulos talk to me there a little bit earlier 20 past fall the time let's say more on a visit from French President Emanuel Mark wrong to the u.k. Where he's been holding talks with terrorism at Sandhurst Military College the bin announcements on a new deal in processing migrants in Cali and warnings over the shape of a post break said trade deal a speaking at London's Victoria and Albert Museum last night to resume a was doing her best last night to reassure French citizens living in the u.k. That they are welcome after Bracks it Tash England I thought to come to be not to. Say to they say to not recall me to not risk. Not to. Just say cannot high. Asians when. I see a. Little oh say the resume I mean get the latest on this is well as some of the other stories making the front pages with Paul Gallagher from the Army we began by discussing the Anglo-French relationship so just how poor d.l. Is the on Concordia between the 2 nations recalling a new entente cordiale on the front of the. First official visit to Britain the 1st greeted at the world military academy in fan hearse with a card of Honor from the culture in Guards and the choice of venue in particular appropriate 2 countries committing to closer defense and security cooperation not only that but the u.k. Government committing around 45000000 pounds to enable improvement of security to carry to help with the processing of migrants to him to come to the u.k. Via that route to the cut of 6 months one month it's interesting when you look at that the the the curtain time for adults who are having their applications processed has gone down from the will go down from 6 months down to one they were also talking about the the cut for 4 for young people voted for children as well to have their application process but they were saying that was going to go down to $25.00 days not $25.00 days to me is very close to a month so what you're seeing is using adults and children who will be taking that same time to get the their applications processed That's right it's a very bit of an odd This is not a lot of people welcoming the reduction in 6 months of one month for adults but a lot of people questioning why it therefore needs to be $25.00 days for the children things that have an arbitrary tie McEntee it's a situational reading Calley not not satisfactory to the French not a satisfactory to the to the British and but above all this this new treaty the sand. Treaty inevitably is going to allow him to fulfill his 2016th hour that after migrants will no longer be in Cali in his words and we French can either manage the border together or it will be a disastrous situation so certainly the top of his agenda to sort that out I think perhaps we'll see certain newspapers reacting in a particular way which is going to cost the u.k. Around 45000000 pounds to help that but there was lots of other items on the agenda this is my saying that multi-billion pound build build 36 passenger aircraft fuel. Lines have been signed by passengers plantain both from and the u.k. But all this talk and the willing they mostly for the News of the better tapestry going to be arriving just confirmation really of that is going to be arriving 2022 at the British Museum but all these deals coming with a warning from the French president never 3 about that that the u.k. Will not the single market access ties into the e.u. And down to its freedom of movement after we leave the European Union the strongest warning yet really from the French president that he would not allow British hypocrisy in seeking to keep the economic benefits of membership off the president insisting the priority would be to preserve the single market he said the choice is on the British side not my side if you want access to the single market including financial services be my guest but you need to contribute to the budget at a knowledge European jurisdiction 2 items which are complete and if they were to people like Jay Caprice mall my very 1st Johnson the heartbreaks it is but obviously something that a lot of rebellion is and soft profit supporters would think is inevitable Ok next story that you got in the paper tomorrow. The e. Coast Main Line and Karelian links between the demolishes of the last because of the formal bus ride this isn't speaking to Andrew Adonis Lord Adonis he's going very outspoken against the government ever since he stepped down last month from his position as head of the government backed National Infrastructure Commission is now said the decision by Chris Grayling the transport secretary to terminate the east coast well contract was the worst abuse of public funds and also quick in the demise of construction giant to really and he said Whitehall sources have told him that the political fallout from using hundreds of billions of public funds to end the contract with Virgin Trains East Coast and to page coach forced ministers to pull the plug on their plans to keep Karelian afloat and this attack by a lot of dollars comes as private finance the deal is under intense public scrutiny following the collapse of Korean this week which threatens 20000 jobs in the u.k. And Mr Grayling in out in November the new partnership will take over the East Coast region 2020 despite a consortium led by Richard Branson of Virgin previously a green paid the government $3300000000.00 pounds to run the service until 2023 The Lord Adonis told a lie that the decision to kill the contract meant the government was forced to pull support for Karelia he said because of the controversy over this royal pileup so great I understand the chancellor reached the conclusion that they couldn't carry on going up Karelian because the political cost was too great branded the transport sector decision to end the franchise for these coast contracts early as said worst case of abuse of public funds he has ever seen but. Government will not I want him back later on this morning given the fact that he's a former Labor Cabinet minister he's already quit his position given so post browsed to the government between Christmas and New over this over the policies this continuing along a sprained sociality is what growing in the government come back with right. There we go that Paul Gallagher over the the news paper a couple of things that I need to tell you about. Breakfast tomorrow morning or this morning rather with Nicky Campbell and Clement Donald they're going to be talking about overworked parents new research suggesting parents a book Ling and the strain of overwork 39 percent of parents often or always miss saying goodnight to their children because they're working 42 percent miss out on helping with homework causing Rao's at home they will be discussing that also live updates from the cricket as we have been having throughout the night the one day internationals in Australia and England and the business team will be talking holidays it's that time of year when we want to try and get some holiday booked to give us something to look forward to showing Farrington's going to help make sure you get the best deal. And finally Prince William shaved his hair a celebrity hairstylist will tell Nicky why he thinks it was the right thing to do it probably wasn't time is for $28.00 m. Digital online smartphones and tablets this is b.b.c. 5 Live in time for the latest news of course if you're a couple from California accused of keeping their 13 children captive have pleaded not guilty to charges of abuse torture and false imprisonment David and Louise Turpin were arrested on Sunday after one of their children escaped. Scientists have taken a step towards developing a universal blood test for cancer a team in the us trials a method that detects 8 common forms of the disease scientists are warning that manmade climate change is affecting global temperatures significantly more the natural factors researchers in Britain and America say the latest data shows that 2017 was one of the 3 hottest years on record and the Queen has made her annual visit to her local Women's Institute in Sandringham despite power cuts caused by storms the branches vice president says the Queen stay for tea and cake with members in the dark we can cross to Melbourne now to get the latest on the Australian Open tennis with Gigi salmon. McCann Edmond is booked his place in the round of 16 of the Australian Open following a 5 set 3 and a half hour wind in 40 degree heat against the Georgian Nicholas a bus last really the British number 2 and world number 49 will face evoke all of it you Andreas Seppi for place in the quarter finals elsewhere today there has been a wind friendliness written Lena who beat the 15 year old qualifier Mata caustic and on court now world number 3 Grigor Dimitrov has recovered a break to lead full 3 on serve with. Commentary from a.t.m. Online via the b.b.c. Website a mic carry us against his tennis Idol Joe Wilford Sunday for now though here on 5 Live we can join Henry Moran in Brisbane for the latest on England's one day international Australia 9641 we've had 17 overs here in the heat of Queen's than the players having a much needed Trink out in the middle it's been pretty tough going for England's Bowl is the surface not offering an awful lot of assistance for the seamers the one we get to hold out of David Warner the open out for 35 caught by Joe Root good shop chants taken by the England Test captain off the bowling alley and it is mostly now the an adult receiver to spinners and of course more problems for England the surface is offering a little bit of turn and that will offer some encouragement particularly in light of the fact that Australia have a picks a dedicated spin up for this one day international cyber haps that could be a deciding factor in who wins this game but will know an awful lot more in the coming hours what's we see how many runs Australia can score Aaron Finch unbeaten on 44 he scored a century in the 1st one the International these alongside Steve Smith the captain 14 no doubt Australia at 96 for one we've had 17 I was here in Brisbane Let's get the rest of the morning sport his shot and I'm Unishe to ensued at Kyron Wilson is through to his 1st Masters semi final after a stunning the 2 time champion Mark Williams with a 61 win obviously surprised from us performance but not so much because you know it is such a hard venue to play well in are you playing in front of 2 files. People live you know it's it can be difficult both don't always go nice fair and often because I won a couple of scrappy ones Mark struggled to find his momentum early on and just struggle to put a stamp on the matter like while defending champion Ronnie O'Sullivan says he's glad to be out of the tournament at London's Alexandra Palace because he didn't feel good enough physically to go on when he was beaten 61 by Mark Allen after struggling with illness and has again threatened to miss this year's world championships they want me that bad come knocking on my door talk to me if you tell me that but there's other people to. Do stuff for me as well you know China is very pretty mater's you know you go really just make sure that you're comfortable what you're doing you know and 7 days Sheffield. It's not the greatest of all things to be a. Very she Dortmund say arson vendor or has been disrespectful by saying that striker Pierre Amreeka Obama young would fit in an arsenal but on target has been left out of his side's trip to her Berlin later but the club say they've had no contact with Austin ill then Guy has also declined to comment on his possible interest in West Brom defender Jonny Evans his manager Alan Pardew says any club who wants to sign the player needs to make an offer sooner rather than later if some club thing always guards they limit that point I think they're going to get some bad knows so they need to heed the words of all the warnings that are given because there's no point saying oh you know we're still 2 days the window you'll be far we won't be we won't have time I'm sorry. While West Ham striker Andy Carroll could be out for at least a month with an ankle injury is likely to end any prospect of him moving during this transfer window and defending champion at Tommy Fleetwood will start Day 2 at the Abu Dhabi Golf Championship with a share of the lead on 6 under par Rory McILROY is 3 shots behind on his return from injury this is b.b.c. 5 live on digital form was a smart phone ends up that morning for the main focus of today's weather is not on the strong winds like we had yesterday but rather a service on. Some potentially snowy weather snow is going to be affecting parts of western Scotland got some snow showers here in the moments but we're going to traffic coming through during the morning and that's going to increase the frequency in the heaviness of the snow showers here so we could see some significant accumulations again working into western Scotland is going to be potentially one of those early morning rush hours to work where you will need to check the conditions of your roads your area before setting off on a journey perhaps consider allowing a little bit of extra time so showers really piling in them for western Scotland through the course of the morning century even getting down to very low levels because the air is going to be really quite cold 1st thing through the rest of the day the showers continuing on off across western areas the northeast of Scotland seeing the few showers but it's certainly a cold day temperatures about 2 degrees Celsius for a hybrid feeling colder due to those strong west northwesterly winds now it's not the only place you will see snow Northern Ireland will also have plenty of snow showers through the course of the day as you go around the coastal areas in the north of Northern Ireland might be a bit more remakes of hair tons of bit of rain and sleet mixed in with the snow but it will be a cold day temperatures around 3 degrees Celsius look at the weather picture for England Wales the showers will be affecting western England and Wales as well to be a mixture of rain sleet bit of hail and yes over the hills the pennants the Peak District becoming Fell's recent heavy snow here times but elsewhere actually crossing going away as it should be a fair amount of sunshine around temperatures $4.00 to $7.00 degrees Celsius who will have those strong west northwesterly winds and that will make you feel that be colder Saturday sees a band of rain into southern England in the South Wales for a time maybe with a bit of hell snow otherwise showers ease across Scotland and Northern Ireland you know the cold day but it will turn milder as a band of rain works in for Sunday Chris folks 5 live weather 5 minute East Asians no doubt Yaffa stands for 5 light colored cars and listen on digital radio. For $35.00 now if you're a dog lover you'll know. All about the strong bond of loyalty that exists between dogs and their owners that bond of trust is especially important when it comes to the field of military combat where our canine companions play a key role this week a u.s. Army dog was posthumously awarded Britain's highest honor for animal bravery presumptions during the 2nd World War chips a German shepherd her ski cross was awarded the Dicken medal for his role during a 943 beach landing in Sicily chips and raced into an Italian machine gun nest attacking an enemy soldier and pulling the gun from its mound is not the 1st canine to be awarded the prestigious medal back in November the prize went to Mali an 80 year old Belgian Malinois Mali was injured by a grenade in Afghanistan and 2012 on duty protecting u.k. Soldiers from explosive devices and insurgents mollies handler Corporal Daniel Hartley told 5 Live some Walker about the role he played enemy insurgents had taken control of a high rise building in Kabul and coalition forces were he sent to regain control of that building and that's where Mali was used the dog house or money helped the guys by he would go ahead of them basically search for any sort of i.e.d. That were there and also he would indicate these of presence of people in the area where the insurgents were their location so the guys knew that you know danger was around the corner if you will one of see the large explosions consistent and loud gunfire smoke dust so visibility would have you know been quite hard all that noise around him used you know still am to listen out for his handlers commands so for him going through there would it would have been very hard for him and again quite an overload on the senses but it just shows what kind of a dog he is they he was able to push through that I think on that say you know no training that we've ever done with dogs would prepare them for the bond between him in his hand and his you know that Dr personal determination and bravery they're going through that situation because again he was also injured during the operation and still carried on after law he was basically was going through the building he was hit twice. Fragmentation blasts from grenades were thrown down the stairs one went off near his face which knocked a chase on course and damaged his face and his air had one quite significant injuries chest. Inside his leg and his hip you know he had a lot of injuries rise body he just cracked on and and got on with the job that's the story of Molly who probably made a full recovery from his injuries and is now enjoying life in retirement I've been speaking to someone who knows all very well about the role of military working dogs in combat and how they recover from the trauma afterwards Rebecca Frankel is executive editor of Foreign Policy magazine and the author of War Dogs tales of canine heroism history and love she's even adopted her own family for working a military working dog she told me about the 1st time she met dingo I met him at something called the enter canine competition that held that Lackland Air Force Base and San Antonio Texas and I had met a handler that he deployed to Afghanistan with and they were still at the same kennel so the 2 of them kind of came back together to compete in this competition so I had already heard stories about his deployment in Afghanistan and what he'd done to save lives there and I got to know his handler and so I got to meet him and he was very sweet and as he is now a little a little bit more relaxed now that he's retired but. There's But it wasn't until 2015 that you were invited to adopt him as a result of you write a new book. So I got into know 2 of the handlers that had him over the years and both of them actually really wanted to take them themselves but because one has a child that has really severe allergies and another deployment that was unexpected he needed a home and so they reached out and asked me if I would take him and I tried to go ahead and do it how on earth do you go about. Adopting a retired military. You know it's not straightforward is it you both you both have to to get on with each other in a much more important way than perhaps the dogs and their owners have to I'm not going to lie it was not easy over 1st 6 months are really difficult actually And you'd think after having written a book about order that some of the lessons were like sunk in a bit a bit more and I might have been better prepared but you know the 1st thing is that these dogs have never lived in a house before they've never lived outside of the kennel most of them and they're not likely stags in the United States that go home with their partners at the end of a shift they live in a kennel they're surrounded by dogs all the time and they're used to working so for dinner I think he was he was very happy to go with me hadn't been paired with a handler for a while but I think it was sort of like So what do we do what are we doing here when are we actually going to do some work and so it took a while for him even to address the idea that when we went out for walks it wasn't you know to work he would in my apartment building he would sniff every single door seam between my apartment and the front door of the building for months. Because he just had it in his brain or that's what he was supposed to do. He got used to eventually but I took it took a good bit of time so. All of his ingrained life needed to be peeled away like like a needs kids like and I don't know just even house training I guess was was was a difficult difficulty that that hadn't been there before in his life. No And the other thing that I didn't anticipate you know was how he would interact with other dogs I live in an area where there are lots of people who have dogs and you know for the 1st 2 weeks when we would go for walks he wouldn't even see them which I think also was part of the you know training a layer that he had on him where he wouldn't get distracted and then one day we're crossing the street and there is this tiny little dog coming toward us and it's like he thought I saw a dog for the 1st time even though he'd been paired with other military working dogs you know these days for the ijn dogs he had never interacted with before and he just froze in the middle of the street which is inconvenient to time. And you know fortunately he's he's pretty gentle and very very relaxed now so he's great with other dogs big dogs small dogs aggressive dogs he's really easy going and he loves being around them but at 1st they really freaked me out because I was like oh what's going to happen it's difficult full for humans when they retire they go from the environment where they have been to work going to it they're going to know you know go to work how I want to do you do and we can talk to people who who retire and we can go through the process and they have the faculty to be able to to make sense of the dogs have much more difficult time you know and he he had a very difficult time and he really was very anxious for the 1st few weeks. And I wasn't I wasn't prepared for that because he's in even and working years he was a pretty pretty calm and easy going dogs he wasn't very aggressive He's But they you know he's a beta not an alpha dog. And when he was in the apartment he just did not know what to do with himself. So my reaction to that was just we. Militaristically like him. Posed a very rigid schedule and did the same thing with him day in day out we took walks at the same time I would come home from work at the same time I got him a crate he couldn't he couldn't I got him a very fancy dog bed and he just tried to tear it apart so that had to go in the closet for about a year. Before he would actually sleep on it. Straight it's fascinating and he's Ok now and he's he is he is lovely he is he has toys now there's no crazy in the House he's great with other people with other dogs he's like a completely different animal than when I 1st got him at least we said. He's a sweetheart in the us the Us Army has probably thousands of dogs on on active duty it's hard to imagine a time when military operations didn't involve the use that I worked with some of them in the Middle East that we send to sweep areas for all sorts of dangers not just I.D.'s but for shells and other types of weaponry and frankly things that the the army that I was with didn't know what was there at all. But the you know is there is still a time for honest and a place for them though in a world where the red drones that are remote cameras that can go in is the still a role for for the dogs. I think absolutely and I think you know when we talk about sort of what's happening you know in the United States and elsewhere especially in Europe the Paris attacks I think that the need for them is not going to go away and I'm sorry did to say that it would be great if we didn't have to use dogs or or other forms of you know preventive measures. But I don't think that there is a single technology that's been developed and the Pentagon has spent billions of dollars trying to come up with capabilities that are you know quote are less expensive and more efficient than you know training a dog and a handler to work together and even after all that money and all that time I don't think that there's any technology that comes close to being as useful and as efficient and successful was as dogs you know essentially their noses but also. Their drive and I think what they're willing and capable to do when they have that strong partnership with a human here. How do you train a dog to do what they do. Takes a lot of time but I think fundamentally what's at the base of that is sort of trust and devotion to a human handler because for as long as dogs have been doing this kind of thing and that goes back centuries you know. They're connected to their human partner So what has to be there is a drive to work but also drive 2 to succeed and get praise from their handler whether to reward that's to strictly praise you know good job or you know affection or a satori or a treat even. And I think a lot of the breeds that are used to German Shepherds and Belgian malice like thing go. Have a real they want to work and they have really high energy they're very intelligent a lot of dogs I think we get bored with the kind of training activities that they put dogs through to get them to detect certain or the odors. Yeah it is a lot of work ahead of them the loyalty of the breeds that the Army uses Well it's not it's it's not just. A random thing that they pick these dogs is it no I don't think so and there are lots of dogs I think you know. Departments in other departments within the military sometimes will take a breed of dog that's not what you would expect not a German shepherd not a. Pit Bulls and the Spartans are using pit bulls which is I think very controversial because it gets a bad rap for and I think that's why the loyalty and sort of the connection that canines and humans have to each other which is very unique between 2 species. Is very much at the heart of why dogs are so successful at this kind of work in many ways the closeness between the handler the dog can be a problem though because it must be very very easy for the dog to to pick up on the nervousness on the worry on the fear that the humbler who's very very close to what's going on might be might be might be feeling I mean how do you how do I don't know how you how you as a handler stop that from happening but how do the dogs cope with that as well so you know it's interesting I got to watch a lot of dogs I'm sure you saw those 2 in the field it became very easy to pick out a pair that hadn't been together for very long. Which is why I think it's so interesting that police dogs usually stay with their partners for life and unfortunately in my opinion that you know military working our teams are only together potentially as long as a deployment because they do really think. That relationship like like any relationship that humans might have with other humans is dependent on sort of establish trust over a long period of time so I would watch maybe a very experienced dog work with a very inexperienced handler and you could see the dog was like this this guy didn't on the steering and he would this obey a command but still perform the task. So you I do think that the longer a dark team is together the more they work out their quirks the more confidence they have been each other do you do dogs at the end of that time when the be no operation. And they sound This might sound daft to people who don't know dogs but do dogs need any sort of full of counselling after what they've been through so that's interesting they do now have what they call canine p.t.s.d. Or see p.t.s.d. And I think you know it would be. Foolish of us to assume that you can get humans in a combat zone setting and expect them to come home being affected by what they see and experience and put another living creature in the same situation expect that they would be completely unaffected by it and that's just not what happens I don't know that you would call it counseling for safer for the dogs that come back but certainly the dogs that do you have issues when they come back from a deployment or have to be pulled out of a deployment because they've been traumatized in some way. Obviously there's a lot of investment that's gone into this not only the dogs but the team and I think probably for both the best thing to do is try and get them to retain their confidence and what I've been told and what I've seen happen is it's really just going back to the fundamentals and trying to build confidence in the dogs. But obviously you can't have a dog or a handler who's not confident in what they're doing and feels and secure once they go outside the wire that whatever you know skills that they have or however good they might be in a very controlled setting during training it really does matter more obviously how much you know how they perform. In a non can and controlled setting in and how they react to whatever environment they encounter so you know that but they do also give they give certain drugs to dogs like doggie Prozac to help with that kind of. Recuperation that's. The stuff they actually they have to have to prescribe for the dogs to cope with what they've been through yeah but I think it makes sense. Right I just think that if we expect them to be so it tuned and they are We've seen it with you when you talk about dogs reacting to the fears of their handlers you know handlers will talk about the leash being a direct link that emotions run up and down from from dog to handler and handler to fog and we you know we expect them and we know them to be sensitive emotional creatures that react to our emotions. And that they could you know be in a situation where ideas go off or there's gunfire you know combat or they're released into into that more dangerous situation and things go wrong and that they would come out completely unscathed is probably doesn't actually make good sense in the end. Rebecca One final question for you weekend coming up where you go up to. Probably a lot of napping it's a bit now a year so I have been sure it's. Like the called. So I'm just relaxing right now he's destroying a rope or 2 toy which is one of his favorite things so there are probably more of that Rebecca Frankel and dingo in the background as well for you on the time let's nip back over to. The one day international cricket of Brisbane. Australia 114 for 2 where in the 22nd over of the innings England have got the big wicket of Stephen Smith the captain l.b.w. To Joe Root the parts of Spain England Test captain has made the breakthrough go on to turn sharply off the surface struck Smith in front of the captain reviewed the decision but to no avail and England have a 2nd breakthrough earlier David Warner was out $35.00 caught by roots of the bowling alley so it is the spin that has been king for England thus far in the sunshine of Brisbane Australia won the toss up like it's about 1st $114.00 for 2 is the score we've had 21.50 since you can listen to live country over on our sister station follow sports extra will keep you fully up to speed on the latest here on 5 Live Let's return now back down to Dunn and see what's happening what they're And what's making the news in Australia of all nights Phil Mercer is in Sydney Morning yes morning Nick really interesting story I'm really intrigued by this the world's 1st drone rescue. Yes this was an extraordinary story Lennox Head this is about 120 miles to the south of Brisbane where the 2nd one day international is underway as we've heard at the Gabba and yesterday 2 boys a 15 year old and his 17 year old friends were bodyboarding this is where they'd just by themselves and launched themselves into the surf they were spotted in distress about $700.00 metres from the coastline and it just so happened that lifeguards had been training on a new rescue drone and within we're told 70 seconds of that distress call coming in the machine had not only located the 2 boys in these wild sea but dispatched a so-called rescue Paul this is an inflatable chew that automatically inflates when it hit the water and it landed within an arm's reach or 2 of one of the boys they were able to grab onto it and make their way back with the support of the heavy swell behind them back to the shoreline so it was an extraordinary rescue in North or it is here in Australia say it's the 1st time anywhere in the world that a drone has been used to save lives Sea Now Tim Jay go is a lifeguard from New Zealand and he's had experience of these Australian drones in the various trials and he says this rescue at Lennox heads or as skillfully done so from a few of them you're alive guards were actually just there Mkhize from exceed this time last year ramp training with the Australians and we learned green just to have difficult it is to actually deploy the rescue Pods to victims what you're looking at is something which anyways 6 or 700 grams and dropping it from 40 feet and having to take into account the wind drift on the part of Grafton all are sort of thing so for him to. Be able to pilot out they were them sort of 40 seconds deployed and literally landed right next to the patient was remarkable staggering stuff world 1st. Now in a week's time it's Australia Day or is it that's the big question will it is for now there has been a push in recent times to change the date now Australia Day on the 26th of January marks the anniversary of the arrival in 1788 of the 1st fleet of British ships into Sydney Harbor Australia Day on the 26th of January has for quite a while now been a celebration of Australia its past and its present but the date because long offended many Indigenous Australians they believe that it's a time that remembers invasion and dispossession So for them it is wholly inappropriate that a nation should celebrate itself on a day when so many Indigenous Australians believe that their land was taken forcibly from them now the leader of the Australian Greens is Richard Dean a Tali and he believes Australia Day should be moved what it does demonstrate it is a great opportunity to use a nation forward to choose a diety that allows us to celebrate all of the great things that it means. Of course this is a debate that is hugely divisive there are many Australians who believe that Australia Day should stay where it is that's the way it's always been and therefore that's the way it should remain and the citizenship and Multicultural Affairs Minister is Alan Tudge and he says there's no appetite for change previous polls Dr. Philip Reddy not. Because it is a right you know fine line all the country where we probably still upright and history. So the next topic that I want to ask you about is is the world bounties they keep on giving don't they this is a rare find of dozens of diamonds in Western Australia yes this is bullying on an almost industrial scale now a mining company is hoping to revive the diamond industry in a remote corner of Western Australia it's made a pretty significant find near an old mine that once upon a time Nick produced half of the world's rare fancy yellow diamonds now this is the work of the Lou copper diamond company at Sun covered 119 diamonds and its chairman is a chap called Myles Kennedy and he's been saying that the find was nothing short of astounding these diamonds are we understand good quality white diamonds and the Kimberley region is thought to be home to the world's largest deposits of rare yellow diamonds and late last year a company based in Perth teamed up with an Aboriginal Corporation to sign an agreement for all diamond project about 100 miles or so near the town of Derby in Western Australia and the company in that particular project believes there could be a hidden bonanza of diamonds so you'd imagine not only the big companies but perhaps smaller individual perspectives will be licking their lips at the prospect of digging into all of that red dirt with the remote hope of finding something gleaming in the dust get only dream can you final one from you for tonight. The crowds of Australian a league football match is not as good as they have been no the only began in 2005 it's a 10 team competition including the Wellington Phoenix from New Zealand this season the league is on track to record its worst average crowds in 6 years now the average gay today league. James is hovering around 11000 that's down from between 121-3000 in recent years so not a huge fall but you have to remember that this is a competition that supposed to be growing with ambitions to add extra teams free to air t.v. Audiences are also down and the irony in all of this is that we have some of the best football I think the a league has ever seen but the crowds are staying away the haps it's because of competition from especially at this time of the year that cricket and to a lesser extent the tennis as well thanks so much that's it for me for tonight I'll be back tomorrow morning 1 o'clock but it just leaves me to say thank you so much for the team David Judy Jacques Chris Christie Nick and Sharon for getting us on the air and keeping us on the. Minus one minus one and of all you definitely going to be scraping today to see it's weekday mornings from Sun opposed you know though you know it is Friday so you can also. We didn't. I didn't know why didn't we have we've made great proud of where we live b.b.c. Radio Stoke and then. The single most yes. Xx.