Whether it's for music video games the British consumer has gone digital and its streaming services such as Spotify and Netflix which are the major beneficiaries the entertainment Retailers Association says music revenues from streaming were up 38 percent in 2018 while the video markets are a 26 percent increase in revenue from digital downloads and streaming and Lavinia in John's take it to Twitter to dismiss speculation that she's in poor health the 70 year old actress posted a video in which she says rumors of her death have been greatly exaggerated with the sport no one hears Betty Glover Manchester United interim manager or Lee gun associates joins to Matt Busby in the United history books becoming the 2nd manager in the club's history to win his 1st 4 league games in charge after Manchester United beat Newcastle 2 nil Meanwhile there were 6 goals in the 1st half but none in the 2nd between born with and what that they share the points after that 3 old droll Southampton have slipped into the bottom 3 despite holding Chelsea to a nail neutral but maybe how does feel to once take them out of the bottom 3 Mark Owen out of it scored 2 goals in 2 minutes to secure a point as West Ham and Brighton finish to all and Crystal Palace beat Wolves to nail we complete this round of fixtures later on Thursday with the big one Manchester City host livable 7 point separate the 2 with Pep Guardiola side in the 3rd following back to back defeats in December despite that their yard and club has labelled city as the best in the wild you can hear full contrie on 5 Live With build up from 6 30 pm elsewhere Steve Bruce is the new manager of Sheffield Wednesday and finally in rugby union England flying to Sam on the Hill could be ruled out of the 6 Nations due to an ankle injury this is B.B.C. Radio 5 Live on digital B.B.C. Sound Smart speaker. At every flick of the weather forecast dry overnight with clear spells expect some patches. Still freezing fog in the morning as well temperatures for Thursday 7 in Belfast and 4 and caught a. Slice of. The top 6 of the country. THIS WEEK AT. The cross the B.B.C. . On AM and F.M. Are in the U.K. On digital and online and large shock were up all night 40 years ago on the 1st of January the United States severed relations with Nationalist China on the island of Taiwan the reason wars in consequence of Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger so-called ping pong diplomacy which resulted in the USA establishing farmer relations with communist China under Mao Tse tung ever since the Taiwanese have looked nervously to the United States for support and last year they got some in the form of better legislation called the reassurance initiative Act which adds interest to the words of China's president Sheikh who said today that the reunification of China is inevitable and nor would he rule out the use of force. All over Britain it's 5 past 25 past 9 the Delaware seashore state park just over the state line from Maryland the wind blows chill and Thurman from the Atlantic on 10 miles of empty beach 5 past 8 in the rafter T. Farley known as call's diner on old Route 66 and Eric Oklahoma the. Floors creak and the tables groan under the generous plate falls from the old Colorado's kitchen 5 past 7 in the shadows of 2 guns a Route 66 tourists one stop here for the soup with its guile a monsters and mountain lions and 5 POSIX Needles California where the splendid old L. Got says radio where the hotel is open for 2 hours our news comes from C.B.S. . This is C.B.S. News on the hour. I'm Jim Taylor shutdown summit at the White House leaders of both parties for a a sit down with the president emerging from the Situation Room sit down incoming House Speaker Nancy Pelosi told reporters that Democrats will push a funding package that the Senate passed overwhelmingly last month we have given the Republicans a chance to take yes for an answer top Senate Democrat Chuck Schumer said he asked the president for one good reason why the partial shutdown should continue he could not give a good answer refusing to back away from his demand for border wall funding the president says the shutdown will last quote as long as it takes I think the people of the country think I'm right Stephen Portnoy C.B.S. News the White House it is trickling down the effect of a 12th day of a government shutdown ocular attractions like the Smithsonian museums and the National Zoo are now closed you know Chrisman runs a nearby bakery are bakery is right across from the zoo this is the 2nd time in the 4 years our story's been open that this has been shut down due to political gridlock and it's definitely having a huge impact on our business and the shutdown is playing frustrating to Paul Holmes visiting from Adelaide Australia this morning actually we had a tour yesterday when of. Things and things like that it was open yesterday and I was still coming today and expects to be I've been over a cough C.B.S. News WASHINGTON truly amazing those 1st detailed pictures of an icy world 4000000000 miles away coming in from Nasa's New Horizons spacecraft comparing them to early blurry. Picture is principal investigator Alan Stern unveiling the high resolution pictures now being sent back well that images so 28 full. Of need for all to America clearly are the Lottery officials say a single winning ticket was sold in New York for yesterday's estimated $425000000.00 Mega Millions jackpot Maryland State Lottery director Gordon met an eco Yorkers who could be especially lucky they just won the Powerball jackpot a few weeks back and now there's someone in New York this one the Mega Millions as well so we're all a little bit jealous of the York today that ticket holder yet to come forward Apple waiting till the markets closed to release disappointing i Phone sales numbers i Phone sales is a bad piece of news for Apple it gets 2 thirds of its revenue from i Phone sales and the company's latest i Phone line up has just not gained traction that C.V.S. Business reporters Jason Brooks Apple futures tanking on the announcement off 7 percent. But. The captain is dead Daryl Dragon the captain and to Neil married in 1975 in Tony to meall divorced in 2014 this is C.B.S. News are you thinking about getting into better shape did you make one of those New Year's resolutions to do just that it is without question one of the most popular resolutions into the new year you have to be sick and tired of being sick and tired Darian by on a personal trainer for the past 30 years says committing to real change is a significant 1st step other tips include setting a schedule he says and finding a workout partner for extra motivation you want to be to say hey you know what I made up my mind my mind is clear and it's time for me to start exercising and living healthy life John Hewitt for C.B.S. News Detroit they are expecting a 4th child Kim Kardashian and Kanye West again they will use a surrogate multiple media reports sources close to the couple is saying the surrogate is pregnant expected to give birth in May representatives of the reality T.V. Star and her rapper husband did not respond to a request for comment I'm Jim Taylor C.B.S. News. President Xi Jinping of China has made a speech which scared the horses in some quarters saying that the people of Taiwan ought to accept that it must and will be reunited with China he reiterated Beijing's call for peaceful unification on a one country 2 systems basis but he also said that China reserved the right to use force to achieve the show unification it may be a reaction to a speech on Wednesday by the Taiwanese president sighing when President size said I want to reiterate that Taiwan will never accept one country 2 systems and she went on to say the vast majority of Taiwanese public opinion also resolutely opposes One Country 2 Systems and that Taiwan consents Well Dr Robert Kuhn as the author of a number of books on China including how China's leaders think the inside story of China's past current and future leaders and he recently met the President Xi at a ceremony where he received the China reform friendship medal Hello Dr couldn't even from New York I been here for a few days back from China very interesting speech I look forward to discussing that fact of a very interested tell us what struck you then about President Xi speech was it a reaction speech was he making this speech because President side I went out on a limb you know and and talked as a as hopeful as she did you know by about Taiwan maintaining its independence no that's not the motivation for this speech but it might have been in the mind of us as he and his staff drafted it but that's not the motivation this was the 40th anniversary of some of the major Taiwan relationships in the past this was a very natural speech China. Leaders would be unlikely to react with a speech in in response to something anything that really any other country would say they have their own agenda or and their own ways of doing things what what to me is interesting that if you look at the. Instant commentary by the many pundits some of the some of them are friends that this speech has a a more diversity in terms of the initial analysis where some people think it's more aggressive than previous speeches and others think it's more conciliatory than other times that President Xi has spoken I wish I would I think there are there are elements of both here and that that causes us to do some further analysis on the positive side president she did emphasize and I think we need to we need to emphasize that peaceful reunification is absolutely the most important thing he said Chinese do not fight Chinese. But he held open the which every leader of China has done the option of using force leaders in the past have said to keep open the option of force counterintuitively reduces the likelihood of using force because we're not we're not wrong to focus on this on the sentence when he says we make no promise to give up the use of military force and reserve the option of taking all necessary means but that is no change from the Certainly since I've been following China for 30 years every leader has said that maybe a slightly different words what is new which maybe it may be. Can corroborate your concern or is some statements that said you know we can't let this go from generation to generation because the truth to tell that was the attitude of previous leaders. Not to you to keep the status quo. It's a let time solve it one way or another but the president she to make that comment as it is a fairly is to me a little bit different he setting a timeline as we know President she is not subject now to term limits so I would think that he and his vision for what national rejuvenation means which is what he has set as the as really the banner for his legacy in term of leadership he talked about the Chinese dream and the Chinese dream being a good part of it the national rejuvenation he's now setting that the reunification with Taiwan under one country 2 systems and respecting the people's property rights or religious rights. The judicial rights I mean he spelled those out too which are which are positives which are definitely part of the carrots but for him to for him to really go into history as. As he his vision for China the national rejuvenation of the Taiwan issue has to be solved. In what it was you know what about the relationship with Taiwan and the United States because he would go the Taiwanese representative to the United States in Washington on the 1st of January saying that. The diplomatic ties as well diplomatic but that the relationship with the United States is is good you know as strong as it's been for for years he says I think that's true and I think part of the motivation for that is the increasing distrust and the problems between the U.S. And China across a broad front it may have the headline maybe the trade war but it is much deeper and broader than that and it's changed fairly dramatically in the last couple of years so where there's a general consensus and the U.S. Among a large majority who are. I have always been pro-choice and helping China's development and so-called peaceful development peaceful rise and that the trajectory that we're on is not good for the US and has to be changed so even though the large majority of the experts in Washington who deal with China issues do not agree with the way President Trump operates in general and specifically with tariffs they think it's all wrong but none of them very few of them will argue that Trump is is is wrong in confronting China so this is general disappointment among many that this type of. Confrontation or dealing with China in a different way is is long overdue and part a part of that would be a natural reaction to support Taiwan in a in a in a more aggressive way and then they and President Trump and Taiwan is worried about this would treat Taiwan is just a trading chip. And he'd be if he thought it would help in the Goetia with China he would use it and if he thought it would help him to discard Taiwan he would do it so just I just to pick up on on what you were saying there really we're not wrong to to see some kind of a sea change in American attitudes to China right now that the foreign policy establishment is and is no longer saying well you know let a 1000 flowers bloom or whatever they were saying for the last 20 years and it's not just the foreign policy community it is also the business community which is as always been the strongest supporter in China over attitudes in the American Chamber of Commerce and China has been 75 percent negative it's more difficult to do business in China so it's a it's a cat nation of things all coming together I think we're going to I'm I'm choosing to be optimistic. And the reason I am is I think that both President Xi and President Trump have a lot on their plates of very different things on their plate China has very significant economic issues financial risk in the economy was significant debt President Xi has made a real commitment to eliminate all all extreme poverty in China by 2020 which would be roughly 800000000 people there 30 or so more 1000000 to go tremendous focus he's put his tremendous energy on that staking his credibility anti-pollution Do you ever doing his international program called a belt in a row to build infrastructure in developing countries is a huge agenda and the trade war is a is a is a real annoyance and because it's it becomes broader than that President Trump obviously has an election coming up the stock market won't treat. Volatility uncertainty kindly and and that will affect the economy and threaten a recession so and each side has no incentive to make this go on and so where I'm hopeful but that frankly if you see if they respond in a trade deal unfortunately I think we've passed a certain trigger point and that it may not go back to where it ever was I think this is a sort of a sober realization that even if we have a deal this relationship between the U.S. And China is now for their forces long foreseeable future into a if not a confrontation at least a wary. Of each other in a recognition that the other side is my problem and how does this play into the one sort of military manifestation which is say American warships going through disputed waters in the South China Sea You know to to fly the flag. That's certainly part of it I would say and prioritizing issues that Taiwan itself is the biggest issue I've heard this from Chinese generals. That that that that the Taiwan issue is the one that could that could really erupt in a hot war and actually exchange of. Things we don't like to exchange whereas South China Sea is is dangerous but it's probably more controllable so. We don't expect any lessening of what the U.S. Will do with its effort freedom of operations move moves China will continue to dispute that and and use boats to maybe threaten to ramp American ships is another issue here being played out and that is that nationalism in China as it is in all countries is a very high motivator of public opinion and to it I don't think we can discount that because China doesn't have a multi-party elections we tend to think that it's a dictatorship it really really is and it is a it is a different system for sure but it is very subject to public opinion and very sensitive to it and on the issue of Taiwan the public opinion is extremely nationalistic in China. And so we have a complete divergence between in Taiwan and the percentage of people who would like you know reunification under any circumstances probably out of 1520 percent and most of those would say not even now but ever and in China it's you know 8090 or more percent of the people feel that the force is justified because it's the final step in and when. I was decision isn't it the the century of humiliation it's the last piece that needs to be rich rest. Well Dr Cohen you've given us a lot to think about thank you so much for your company it's a pleasure and keep all your China will be going away thank you when we talk. About impact of a shut in on one Indian tribe in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan but also shut down as having serious effect around a very delicate piece of of the ecology which is the Joshua Tree National Park in California and even if like me you've never been there you could probably remember the cover of the used to album with the infamous Joshua Tree monument on it. The people who live and work around Joshua Tree monument are volunteering themselves to keep the park clean and tidy Sabur a party as a restoration ecologist climbing it and guide service owner in the park Hello Sabra are all over very very good to have you with us what in a word I mean what's been the problem over the last few days. And one where I guess he would be the government. And you know I think it's it's really difficult to have. A place it's so delicate and so popular is also so close to such a large population centers L.A. Palm Springs Las Vegas and there were many millions of people very very close to here and typically that came here and. Just before Christmas to right around the deception years is one of the busiest stretches of time in the entire season for us here in Joshua Tree So we've had. Thousands of thousands of visitors I think that the estimate is somewhere between 100200000 visitors in the 2nd half of December come to visit the Cark and with the government shutdown happening there's no bathroom services there's less shy services and Rangers more interpretive walk or visitor center no one's collecting C.S. And could basically kind of a free for all and then to visitors separate but with nobody to keep the park safe and keep a clean record are you telling me that people are volunteering to clean the toilets Well I guess I am I said there is a I've been about. This is day 12 I think of the shutdown now and various people just of their own volition have been going in there right from the get go as a sort of anticipated that would be the biggest impact of all the visitors to the park stayed open that one of the services were being taken care of that the the local community would get together and start going up and running and restocking the bathroom and removing trash and that's exactly what happened. What about the booster some cells I mean you know being responsible and taking the rubbish I. Can I speaking No they're not taking it with them and many people wouldn't have a great idea of where to take it even if they did take it out. For several 100 campsites within the park close to $500.00 campsites within the park and to people a staying in the park and inside and so it's much easier to use the dumpster that's bad then it is to try if you don't try to figure out a place to get rid of your Chashme and then same thing with using the restroom ferrets that are all waterless planets are sort of thing called vault playlets or latrines and they need to get pumped out every so often or often when we're in our busy season 2 is filling up at an alarming rate as definitely sort of person for less than the Park Service for him tendency to have worries about possible human health issues while I salute Lee Yes I think we're getting the idea pretty clearly what about you know chill them tight on the on the park and on the ecology of the park I mean is it different if you've got hundreds of thousands of visitors a new Rangers to do the I don't know do they do they go off on dirt bikes or something. This is really a little bit of a I could definitely be worse and people are definitely camping in places that they wouldn't normally be allowed to camp out there that become a little bit less and free finally got a full. Law enforcement ranger contingency is out there now and lots of people drive over. Pulling off on the side of the red and they're trying to find places to park sort of pull on to the vegetation sometimes and then we also worry we have a lot of Native American artifacts and sites within the park we worry about graffiti just a lot of things can go wrong when there's no Park Service presence within the park and a lot of visitors are trying to be good and do the right thing when they see that people are working hard to keep the bathrooms clean and get trash out and they've been down eating and being grateful but also people have been stretching the rules a bit as well and there's a lot of dogs off leash and dogs going on trails where they shouldn't because and it's a really sensitive landscape ecologically speaking and even just the smell of dogs in some of these areas can discourage some of the park animals like the Bakewell and sheep and coming in to an area they smell a smell those animals or they smell the year in the same animals on our quest and it will discourage those animals from entering that area and so that's really a bad thing for us they are in sheep and other animals within the park so we really have a complex issue obviously wouldn't it be better just to just to close the park. That's what is where it's heading in 2013 when the last really big shutdown happened that was the decision that was made and I think that it will correct resources are better protected from that option but it's also something you have to remember is how dependent the local community is on the park for our economy and to shut down the park during the busiest 2 weeks of the year would have been so Lansley the state and for the whole local and regional community. It was really awful in 2013 when that happened people can friendships the place is just a ghost town I'm personally my own business long room probably $5000.00 or more just. For that section of time and that's not something that can be made at room for the for the federal workers that are furloughed current move they do have a chance of getting back pay which is great because a group is there to be paid and they shouldn't have been furloughed 1st place if you are cool but it's also not a great deal for me American people as taxpayers because that work that should have been done during that time period can't be made up later we've lost that time and I really wanted to pay back pay for the time we didn't have that work going on and it's not great either. You know there's a lot of nomic. The stuff that is swirling around with the park is is such a huge fire of the hiding in this area of California is not just a wealthy area school and people are incredibly dependent on the fire service job service was here just a little way I can I can here all we have SALIE feel your pain and just a just a last question made out of curiosity that you know the Joshua Tree album that you 2 did I mean the side scenes still exist depicted on the cover of wild Josh a cheese and Rock Band into. Absolutely still looks as well as. Oh yeah it's still a beautiful place it's an incredible place let's play it so many people want to come and visit it this quality of the light here is just stunning the rocks are an amazing the cheese look like they've been Poz and some sort of wild dance party in the middle of sorrow and it's it's like no other place on and it really is an incredible landscape like landing on Mars or something well we hope the politicians treat you better in the very near future and thank you so much for talking to us Well thank you it's been a plays a. Over that was saber Purdy who is a restoration ecologist in the Joshua Tree National Park in California just after half past 2. On digital B.B.C. Science St among various B.B.C. Radio 5 Live The news comes from Lisa McCormack 2 people have been arrested on suspicion of helping migrants illegally cross the Channel into the U.K. The Iranian national and British man were arrested in Manchester hundreds of thousands of federal workers in the US ahead in towards the 2nd week without pay or not knowing when they'll get their next paycheck is after politicians again failed to pass a budget including $6000000000.00 for president Trump's Mexican border wall the MODIS withdrawn the technology it deployed to help with the drone chaos at Gatwick airport before Christmas or on a thaw in flights were cancelled or diverted over and after a number of sporting and livin you johns posted a video on Twitter she tries to fend off speculation she's in poor health and she says that rumors of her death of been greatly exaggerated with the support he has but he Glover Manchester you know is interim manager only gonna so she has joined some Matt Busby in the United history Becks becoming the 2nd manager in the club's history to win his 1st full league games in charge after Manchester United beat Newcastle to nail Romelu Lukaku came off the bench and even the scoring with his 1st touch the full Marcus Rushford added the seconds you know we've had a clean sheet in open play every single game played today finally we could manage to keep a clean sheet on set pieces I don't think they had too many corners or free kicks so I thought we did really well staying on my feet didn't give stupid fouls away and performed really really well very solid very professional nothing out of the ordinary Me mother was a 6 goal thriller in the 1st half but no goals in the 2nd between born with and what that they share the points on the 3 old rule Southampton have slipped into the bottom 3 despite holding Chelsea to a new draw all but. In the end a crucial 21 win over 10 man Huddersfield those 3 points take Shawn dodges men out of the relegation zone that was the cleric's 2nd win in 3 days and dodge says that getting them back without our fair share of 1st starts go against us not so much last year but here before you know we're slowly but surely it was elves and a good sort of it's not as you said one down and then turn it around to come about with 2 good cause another chances you know we could a choke that we did on the night. I kept going and made it very very difficult Meanwhile Moscow and out of it school 2 goals in 2 minutes as West Ham brought in finished to old and Crystal Palace beat wills to nail even get all the reaction from those 6 Premier League games on the football daily podcast Manchester City manager Pep Guardiola says it feels as are everyone considers them as the underdogs going into the huge much against Premier League leaders Liverpool Gladiolus side are in 3rd place 7 points behind that title rivals became paternity for the last you know of course through the years they've got to focus the same so everybody asked me the last days of what is going to happen if you lose if you lose if you know everybody counts are going to lose but we're going to try to make our game to do we need to fight as hard as possible our chance to fight for the Bentley one of City's star players Kevin de Bruyne I was in training yesterday after missing the last game against Southampton the game will be live on 5 Live 5 live Sport starting at earlier times 630 for the best build up elsewhere Kristie implicit has joined Chelsea from barista dormant for 58000000 pounds but he won't play for the cob until next season USA international will be loaned back to do and the rest of this campaign August filled are close to completing the loan Sonnie of Crystal Palace midfielder Jason Puncheon Dominic's proposed loan me from Liverpool to Crystal Palace has collapsed because of concerns over his fitness. Rugby Union England Frank Assam on the Hill could be voted out of the 6 Nations to an ankle injury that's the very latest from B.B.C. Sport. This January. School's Sounds a night with rock shop right. How do you put a financial value on a life that's Ken Feinberg's job he's a US lawyer who specializes in mediation and the spewed resolution is often called and after a major tragedy for example a Sandy Hook shooting of December 28th of the side how charitable funds should be distributed and indeed who is eligible to receive them so to take a hypothetical example 10000 people affected by severe storm damage how would he deal with the problem of compensation in that case this is what he said when I spoke to him last autumn it's not that you photog judges in juries do it every day in London in the United Kingdom in the United States what is the nature of the damage if it's if it's wind damage or damage to property the insurance industry knows exactly what the damage component should be that that's not difficult even in a death case. Judges and juries every day decide valuation of death cases what would the victim have over and over a work life but for the tragedy and pain and suffering or an amount for emotional distress distress kind that's not that you need a calculator not a Bible The problem is in all of these cases what does make it incredibly difficult is the emotion you're dealing with people in grief whether it's death physical injury image to property damage to livelihood when you deal with P. Vulnerable people who are the victims of innocent victims of the horror you bet abrasions self because you're going to hear an earful at what point you called in the ME when the when is it bad that can Feinberg has to be called. I get called after policy makers the president of the United States the Congress a governor mayor when they decide not me when they decide we're going to compensate the victims then they say well who knows how to do that let's ask Ken Feinberg and that's when I get involved I don't decide whether to set up a program others to do that I am brought in after they have made that decision and now it's time to figure out how to allocate available funds I was in a separate case are the records way of people who can do this kind of thing when did you 1st get involved in it I 1st got involved in 19 Eighty-Four when there was a huge lawsuit brought 525-0000 Vietnam veterans. Against the 8 chemical meaning of factual errors of the agent are unsure of a side that was used in Vietnam and they claimed injury due to exposure to that herbicide and the judge brought me in and said 1st I want you to try and settle this case so it doesn't go to trial and secondly once you have the money from a settlement design and administer a compensation program and that was the beginning of my career 250000 people is a is a great many and to set up a program like that you'd have to have almost a government agency would you to to again to write the checks how many people in government that you have to do a good in order to do this effectively No no you'd be surprised 1st of all. As a result of the Agent Orange settlement the only amount of money I had available to distribute was about $250000000.00 Well the only eligible Vietnam veterans who could receive that money in a check were those who were totally disabled in a wheelchair or bedridden that was about 20000 people 230000 other people there were programs that we set up to help be anonymous advocacy and education and training but the actual compensation the checks only went to $20000.00 people and they each received a maximum of about $20000.00 each when you go into awarding. Compensation that's everybody get the same how do you how do you judge who gets how much. That's a very provocative and interesting question if the claimant is receiving this money as a gift. That is they get surrendered no rights they can do whatever they want with the money and it's the is in their discretion to use as they see fit everybody gets the same amount and we saw death case too and the physically injured we pay to pending on how long they've been hospitalized that that's relatively short call it however in Agent Orange in the $911.00 Victim Compensation Fund in the B.P. Oil spill fund if you took money that I offered you had to sign a release promising on the dotted line I will not sue I'll take the money from Feinberg and I will surrender any right I have to litigate well when used when you put it that way everybody gets a different amount of money everybody decides for themselves how much they will cept if they're not going to be able to sue so the stockbroker the banker the well heeled lawyer will demand more money than the weight of the busboy the cop the fireman the soldier if you get a lot less they aren't a lot less and it becomes very very divisive and very very provocative and is that there is that is that the American way that is the American way I'm not saying it's fair somebody have a better way I mean if you're saying that the stockbroker and the busboy will get the same all lives are equal Well that's all well and good to say that but you can't expect the stockbroker to accept the same amount as the waiter and sign a release I will not shoot and you can expect the waiter to get the same amount as a stockbroker the public in the United States would would hang in tar and feather me if I tried to do that. Let me let me bring you to one of the cases that must've been the most testing for you which was to try to the side on compensation for executives in the companies that the government took over after the 2008 financial crisis you were you were responsible in a sense for telling them what their take home pay was going to be would say couldn't have enjoyed a tall That's correct they didn't like the way you put it they didn't enjoy it at all in fact I was surprised at the degree of criticism and anger and frustration that I received from these corporate executives I said to them look Congress bailed out your company and they passed a law saying I have to fix your pay well your pay is going to be 50 percent less than it was last year because in looking at your compensation your compensation should be competitive but not exorbitant with others and you overpaid by about 50 percent so I'm cutting your pay by 50 percent well the anger Mr Feinberg How dare you I had nothing to do with this 2800 man show debacle and you are now punishing me and I want you to know that my salary is a barometer is a mirror of self worth not family not church not community money and if you cut my salary by 50 percent you are telling me that my self-worth is 50 percent less how you don't even know what I do you have never met me and I am outraged and it was pretty heated but we did. Other people might say You're lucky you're not in jail because there is quite a lot of I'm going to buy still isn't there in the sentence sections of the community Lewis course most of the public agreed with me he always said Why only 50 percent cut of 90 percent so I mean you can when you come to realize any time you take on any of these tough assignments brace yourself no one is going to tell you thank you gratitude appreciation understanding never happens Can I ask you about why the most emotionally difficult I think even though there weren't that many plaintiffs which would would have been the families of the Sandy who do things. The primary school the elementary school in Connecticut Do you know how well that of them are going to see these guys oh I mean it was very emotional deciding the compensation was very what was relatively simple they were all 1st graders 78 years old they didn't have any income so I took about a leaven $1000000.00 not he was about 8 I took about $8000000.00 that have been privately donated and I divided it equally among the families of the 25 1st graders that wasn't difficult. And I provided a bit more for the one teacher who had been killed as well trying to protect the 1st graders but that was in a very I'm that was a very emotional case but in in terms of compensating families it was it was fairly straightforward say for did you meet them that you meet them all. I did not meet them all I offered to meet any individual I always do this in all of my programs 911 B.P. Oil spill whatever I offer to meet with any individual family or injured victim who wants to come and see me in confidence and most people don't they simply send in the forms they request the compensation I pay it and that's the end of it but occasionally you'll find that the Iraq victims or survivors who want to come and see me not about the money not about the money. They won in CA they want to come and see me and either vent about life son Fanous or they come to me to validate the memory of a lost loved one that all addition can be very important and whatever the reason I'll see anybody who so desires. The really big disasters that you had to cope with I suppose Still I suppose 911 affected the most people did the longest tail was the one that took longest to completely say. Yes $911.00 was the most difficult for me because of all the traumatic sudden deaths and injuries but that was that that fun was was was designed pursuant to federal law the Congress passed a law that said that the fund would be open and available to 33 months so that was the law by fog the longest period of time that I have a processed claims for compensation 33 months by law I had no choice in the matter and. That took its toll. Again I mean a can only imagine some of the some of the claims but but here you are dealing with a complete cross-section wherein if you if your compensation goes by income or social value or something you're dealing with everybody from from people who routinely made multimillion dollars to you know firemen who are on you know a very good public salary but nevertheless a public salary every everything is different in course everybody got a different amount of money the very people you are trying to help by providing public taxpayer money to the victims of 911 the very people you're trying to assist based on the formula that the Congress promulgated. Guaranteed to discipline is anger frustration disappointment guaranteed Mr Feinberg I lost my husband he was a fireman who died at the World Trade Center and you are giving me $2000000.00 less than a stockbroker the greedy stockbroker who died in the World Trade Center how dare you my husband died a hero and you're giving me 2 dogs 2000000 dollars less ma'am I'm giving you 2000000 dollars less because your husband earned 2000000 dollars less to do compared to the stockbroker Well that gets you nowhere if you try and explain that to people who are emotionally spent and you won't get to the beginning of a solution you just have to suck it up and prepare to take the heat and that is the U.S. Mediator can fight back. Well we're all looking back at Christmas menus and New Year consumption and wondering if we could have done better and here to help us understand the science of all is Bianca Grady Hello Bianca Hello Ron and Happy New Year Happy New Year Yes well we've turned a corner into January and some of us are going to give everything up right. We are well I say we the royal we not necessarily myself yeah these I pick these stories because he's a definitely for those of us who might be finding their heads a little bit sore and their trousers a little bit tighter fitting than usual after Christmas and new and so in particular we're talking about dry January which is the notion that abstaining from alcohol for a month so this is in the U.K. This is run by the charity alcohol change a Cayenne and what's a fantasy initially quite funny is in Australia we have Dr July so clearly there's something about doing it in winter because I think if you asked a typical is if you go over that cold beer or a white wine when it's you know the motives nudging 35 degrees you probably knew you wouldn't have much luck but there's apparently is an estimated 4200000 people in the U.K. Who have been contemplating doing Dry January this year and we know obviously that giving up alcohol is good for your health but really this study room quantified exactly how good so research is surveyed 800 people who took part of dry January last year in 2018 and so they surveyed them on line festival at the start of dry January and they had in the 1st week of February and again in August and 1 of the 1st interesting things I found was that the impact of giving up booze for a month actually lasts a lot longer than that one month so people who manage to to not drink in and Ury were actually still drinking overall less alcohol by August than people who hadn't managed to get to completely give up alcohol they also found that the average number of days per week in which people drank alcohol dropped so from 4.3 days to $3.00 days per week and on days that people were drinking they drank fewer units of alcohol and they also reported the frequency of getting drunk drops from about $3.00 times per month to $2.00 times per month so I mean it's not like. Dramatically knocks it down but remember this is quite a big sample of people and some people might have been very successful at dropping alcohol others now have occasionally had to had to have a little drink but if they looked at a whole range of things so there was a number of other health benefits so more than 2 thirds of participants said that they slept better that they had more energy about Hossa it was a really a way press of figure isn't it you know the it is quite amazing thing. Well especially you know I mean sleep I think particularly in holidays I don't know what you actually find it hot of Slaven holidays because I'm not working so hard some of brains that seems to have excess energy but after I got over half of them lost weight which is pretty staggering I think especially in the U.K. Winter you know you kind of if it's a later like like us in which I find that that's always the season when they tend to be a little bit more butter and cream involved and a little bit less of fresh fruit vegetables many of them reported they had better skin and better concentration 88 percent saved money which if even if you didn't care about the health benefits 88 percent of people said that they saved money which in January when you're a kind of coming off that you know post Christmas spend that's a really strong incentive and. A lot of quite a few of them actually run 3 quarters also said that the the a participant in Dry January actually helped them to understand why they drank and understand the drinking habits better and also to realize that they didn't need a drink to enjoy themselves which I think is a really strong message because it's so easy to just fall into that trap particularly in cultures that are so state in alcohol like the U.K. It also Australia it's so integral to 2 to kind of socializing that sometimes you just it becomes habit and so I think it's also great way to make people kind of stop and actually have a pause from that and realize that oh it doesn't actually have to be a part of every single social interaction and even if you didn't manage to stay dry for the whole of January if you only did it for some of it you still got those benefits although a little bit smaller so it's worth even just giving it a shot I mean there are other people who say you know you can spread out the benefits if you don't do as one great big JAG you know if you don't just do January but if you if you spread it out throughout the year to the benefits will accrue. Yeah absolutely and I think you know any reduction and alcohol consumption is a good thing I mean I think we can pretty much lately put to bed the notion that there's such a thing as healthy alcohol consumption that that's kind of Bain family solidly buried now that you know there isn't there isn't a reason to drink for your health it's you know there's obviously there is social incentives and there's the enjoyment of it but you know if you look at the health benefits you need to look elsewhere so yeah you're right I mean to give it up for a whole month and that may also then help you to reduce later on over the course of the year but you can also equally just you know have an extra couple of alcohol free days every week. So the Danes have been looking at their cholesterol level and that's quite interesting too is this is like the unexpectedly large bill that comes at the end of a very good meal which is the after effects the physiological aftereffects of Christmas excess and Danish researchers decided they wanted to look at exactly how big that was and they found an even larger than expected increase in cholesterol levels after Christmas so basically people a 6 times more likely to show higher cholesterol levels in the 1st week of January compared to other tons of years so you know there's a there's like a kind of nationwide a mom might say a kind of across the western world spike in cholesterol Evelyn I mean this was a big study this is 25000 Danes aged 20 to 100 and I was looking at people's cholesterol levels in May and June and then comparing those to December January and they found that in general people generally had a 15 percent higher total cholesterol but what was particularly worrying was that they will what's called L.D.L. Cholesterol so this is low density lipoprotein cholesterol what we call the bad cholesterol those levels were 20 percent higher than in the media so this is 1st of all a signal that we really do go to town on those cholesterol raising foods over Christmas period which is kind of understandable but it does have an interesting implication for those of us who are trying to get a health kick in having a cholesterol levels tested is if you do get them checked straight after Christmas it's worth repeating the test a few months later because there's a chance that you might actually get diagnosed with high cholesterol when it really could just be a symptom of this kind of post Christmas bump so don't rely on your post Christmas cholesterol level tests results are it's are to kind of I guess give you to frighten is not you monster. That's a really good word to the wise have to have to say and so we don't all. Have to subsist on you nope. Origin water for the month of January but. We can look back in your last story we can look back at the way that we enjoyed eating . Yes well our brain this dopamine is this the feel good neurotransmitter in the brightness rewards us for doing good things and it turns out in reason that we like to eat such good food is that we actually get not one but 2 hits of dope or main when we eat we get one when we 1st study aging and then we get one when the food hits house stomach and what's more the one the reward that we get when we stop is much higher when we're eating foods that we really crave so about to be the mince pies and to beat a chocolate cake and the fruit cake and all of those things so it it's really it's almost like our bodies driving us to to really pile on pile into those foods that we cry so unfortunately it makes it a little bit harder to not eat them but still it's I think the cholesterol story shows that it's worth giving a shot. Thank you very much. Thank you. For the. Food and you want to miss B.B.C. 5 my. New Year's Giuliana CASSIDY They news on 5 life arrests are made in connection with the rise in migrants trying to cross the Channel and installed its 4 wins out to fulfill it on the social as United beat new concept. Is B.B.C. . The National Crime Agency says 2 people are being questioned on suspicion of illegally helping migrants to cross the Channel into the U.K. .