Dog. B.c. 5. B.b.c. News. The main news on 5 line theories amaze says Donald Trump's decision to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel is helpful and in sport Liverpool make sure of the Champions League last 16 place with a 7 mil victory. Reason May says she disagrees with Donald Trump's decision to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital calling it on helpful the u.s. President to overturn decades of American policy calling it a long overdue step to advance the Middle East peace process here's our Washington correspondent Laura because when it comes to the cry from the Arab while from NATO from the u.n. Tonight there's a cry for the u.n. Security Council to meet to discuss this and yet it doesn't matter to Donald Trump with regards to the international outcry what matters to him is what's happening in the u.s. And to him he made a campaign promise and it is to Trump says the American embassy will now move from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem Labor's accuse the Bronx it secretary of a dereliction of duty after he admitted the government hasn't assessed the economic impact of leaving the e.u. David Davis made the comments whilst being questioned by M.P.'s He was the conservative backbencher Jacob Reese Malke I thought it was very clear that they had carried out broad circle assessments which is what ministers had said in the House of Parliament previously but they haven't carried out specific impact assessments which have a technical meaning and emotion put on by the Labor Party the humble address was. Effectively incompetent because it asked for something that didn't exist the Irish Prime Minister Leo Veronicas says to reason may is planning to put forward a new offer to end the deadlock in Bracks it talks in the next 24 hours the day you pay says it won't accept any special arrangement for Northern Island the mayor of Los Angeles says more than 230000 people have had to leave their homes because of the wildfires in California strong winds are making it difficult for firefighters to control the flames the San Diego Freeway is had to be closed a former executive at Volkswagen has been sentenced to 7 years in prison in the u.s. For his part in the diesel emissions scandal all of a Schmidt pleaded guilty to charges of misleading regulators and violating clean and laws. A charity says one in 7 employers in the u.k. Admit to being reluctant to hire women who might go on to have children the survey was carried out for the Young Women's Trust its chief executive is Dr Carol Easton we weren't surprised but we were shocked to see such high figures because Young Women's Trust we hear every day from young women who tell us about the way they are being questioned that interview or the discrimination they face in a job when they disclose that they have small children or that they're pregnant and one of the world's oldest and most complete human skeletons has been unveiled in South Africa scientists who've spent 20 years excavating and preparing little Furt say the fossilized remains are more than 3000000 years old one of the researchers involved is Professor Ron Clark these bones had a very very fragile flight in surface many of them and it was like trying to extract a pile of wood flaky pastry out of concrete This is a unique find the chances of finding another one has completed this a very remote time for the sport now with Shabnam Liverpool thrashed spotlight Moscow 7 mil to become the 5th the English club to book their place in the last 16 of the Champions League when it could senior scored a hat trick at Anfield as Liverpool won their group Manchester City will be seen for the 1st time this season losing to want to shut down Dani at Tottenham beats up oil Nicosia 3 nil they both already qualified Ben Stokes has been named in the England one day squad for their much is against Australia in January alongside batsman Alex Hales all rounder Stokes is not expected to be selected as he waits to hear whether he'll face charges over an alleged incidents in Bristol in September Hales has been cleared of criminal proceedings but could still be subject to disciplinary action Britain's most successful female jockey Hayley Turner is said to be devastated and deeply embarrassed after being chartered breaching bet. Singles she'll face a British Horseracing Authority inquiry on December the 14th and 3 time champion John Higgins is out of the u.k. Snoo could championship after losing 65 to the well number 21 marking he's through to the quarter finals in New York Joe Perry and Ryan day have joined him this is b.b.c. 5 live on digital online smartphones and stop that thinking a look at the weather overnight brain will be heavy at times for northern and western spreading to the southeast staying mild for Thursday will be west and windy across most of the u.k. Middlefield cold with highs of knowing that in London b.b.c. Am and f.m. Around the u.k. On digital and online shop were up all night if. Your dog or cat is a real fast and you want to do something about it the People's Dispensary for sick animals have a treat for you the biggest loser isn't just for people in this year's p.d.s.a. Supreme champion it's a big or called Alfie where you stop to stop halfway up the stairs to catch his breath and his old life off it was a bit of a food. Without saying for sandwiches left on the kitchen coat now 6 months into a strict regime of diet and exercise off a has shed a 3rd of his body weight and its owner Emily Simcox from space has to run. How to run after our last guest that's for sure account keep up with him at all but he's back in Sydney again at start to coral Hello Dr Karl hello doctor ordered Febreze to be back here after I went to the Apollo and hemis Ms and as part of the draw and caulks robot in c. Annual Christmas saw ensnared at the Apollo we had a celebrity law and up behind so I feel speaks to you know the murder on dance floor and his celebrity dance line up Go Go Girl line dancing included Braun caulks and Chris Hadfield and Braun and Jim Al clearly and myself doing the most. Widespread dead dancing probably was really throwing myself into it with everything . That's a little is a right to Hammersmith Apollo I thought you were going by the Royal Institution as well that was a secret I was going out on anybody when they bring me on the 1st that they actually say and now we have got a call from a strike the 1st time anybody knows I mean on the bill oh but I went and saw on the on the Royal Institution website I and I tweeted about it and lots of people saw it yes the questions was so good the audience was so much fun and we did a col versus the audience show where. The questions were asked of me by myself and the entire audience has in vi this mock phones were able to reduce the on the screen what they thought was the correct as at. To various questions such as the. Situation saw and to save discovered 10 of the known elements which one of these was not discovered by the militant had to be I guess and they got the answer right now got the answer wrong so the real fun not in the kids came it was such good questions and comments. A lot here are yes I just lost you there for a sec Imaad of been my headphones pulling out or it might have been just the law and joining us across half the planet it's all better games and here we are as you say. So what a fantastic couple of gigs you had and and you and I went for 2 days or something that's for a lift on the Thursday I did a gig on the Friday night at the hemisphere the Paul I love that room 3 and a half 1000 people who are seen as though many times on law of at the Apollo the comedy show did actually appear in that room I was so on it and then afterwards after the show G.-Mail clearly blew my mind by explaining possibly how we could have quantum entanglement after we danced on stage together and this is really weird now ego to rough idea of quantum entanglement with particles even though they're a great distance apart and nevertheless entangled and so anything that happens to one happens to the other one instantaneously even though they may be light years apart you know about that quantum entanglement thing. Yes Yes It was as I don't know I really do it but there's about as I say you have a little subatomic reaction and little subatomic particles go off one in this direction one in that direction and because they came from the same reaction they're linked and even though they light years apart if you do something to one particle like look at it and it turns out this is. A particle then instantly many light years away the other particle declares itself as anticlockwise spin and this is been something that really worried on stone when he wrote about this in not in 35 and then Jamail clearly pointed out to me that I also wrote another paper in one in 35 which pointed out that black holes are not singular in other words they don't just exist by themselves they probably linked by something today we call a wormhole and then Jim said so what if it's a woman whole the links quantum in Tangled particles maybe On Star and gave the answer to his own question and that just blew my mind I was just so happy to be in the presence of somebody giving me such wisdom an inside beat up for you professor . I I just want to say by the way this is this is to do with a conversation I was having with Wendy Zuckerman about 10 minutes ago and I happened to we were talking about environmental factors in causing you to gain weight and I said well if you're if you're sedentary like a truck driver you know that have a part to play and I just want to apologize to Charlie King because I didn't mean to insinuate that if you are a driver you know you're necessarily overweight it's just harder for you I think to to keep it off and he said and he said very trim 10 stone Nightmist Charlie So congratulations on that and and whatever you're doing it's it's certainly working and I also wanted to just this is by the by for you dot com But we were talking last hour about the biggest explosion to take place before the atom bomb was dropped on Hiroshima it was actually the how of facts explosion 100 years ago yesterday yesterday for us anyway the 6th of December when something like 2 and a half 1000 tons of t.n.t. On ammunition blew up in the harbor and hard facts Nova Scotia and enormous number of people were killed and actually this is really nice nearly a MacDonald writes to us and he says the impact of that disaster even reach Scotland 5 seem an all from the Isle of power were killed in the explosion as they worked to board the s.s. Could which was best they were 3 McNeill's and 2 McKinnon's next of kin says Neil were notified by the how Frank should leave commission but they had to wait weeks until someone visiting the island could translate the letters and finally inform them of the tragic event as part of the commemorations the she had a monument was unveiled at the Fairview Cemetery dedicated to their memory the friends of society organized the younger. Ayling which included a performance of an original song dedicated to the sailors So thank you very much. So they will have the biggest explosion 2000 tons of t.n.t. Turned a half 1000 nearly 2 and I mean all up they affect was almost of 3000 tons of t.n.t. And explosion was felt it broke windows 20 miles away 20 miles away and you know Oh my heavens because you see with explosives if you just get gunpowder and the like they called a low explosive and what happens is that some molecules in the gunpowder explode and they turn into gas and then that then transmits the energy to the next molecule which then turns into a gas and the next more kewl and next molecule which is in the scale of things not that fast what is faster is a high explosive locked into a where when the 1st molecules of t.n.t. Explode and in turn into a small accuse of gas and increase in volume enormously. Well I said of a shockwave which travels through the t.n.t. Much faster than the flying front so think about it for burning in a country sawed and it'll be a front with a flame is and in front of it is virgin grass and behind it is burnt out stuff and that flame front will advance at a certain speed in gunpowder it events is fairly quickly but not that fast in t.n.t. The shockwave advances very quickly much faster than the flame front and so it travels to the very end of that into you know maybe a centimeter away maybe a metre away and it all goes off at the same time so with gunpowder you might have the explosion of just because the numbers here it might happen over a 10th of a 2nd but with t.n.t. It will happen over a 1000th of a 2nd so that is 100 times as much energy over the same per unit time because being released more quickly and just put in perspective I think what was the what were the Hiroshima a neg a 2nd bomb was about $15000.00 tons of. Let me let me do the old trick on the new and and make make the point that you're going to make and I'll just check that for Ok so a further on the Thursday did the show on Friday not do the show on Saturday night for back on Sunday and went out in the countryside and wrote this is a truly bizarre country that people in the United Kingdom live in with just simply to go for a walk out saw you actually have to put on gloves I do a double gloves and a thick out and the beanie on the head Oh good grief Good grief indeed a Philip writing a stern letter to the editor of the country or somebody like that and come up with something more reasonable. I hope you enjoyed it though it's lovely to have a things like that always fabulous and the people in hemispheres was so friendly and I went out and I wife and I had breakfast in a pub he could have breakfast in pubs on Sunday mornings and in order to get wonderful it's not a lovely civilised thing to do it was gorgeous not tried the local food in the pudding is in the thick black sausages and basically just tried everything local I could just to experience it was gorgeous great good for you the answer that we're searching for you're quite right 15 killer tonnes 15000 tonnes Wow that's the girl that Hiroshima bomb and that of course is is small compared to the modern. Yields and this Halifax explosion that would have been during the then 1st world war which is running from not in $14.00 to 1918 so were explosives being made in Canada and then sent across no it was a other way they were coming across the Atlantic way that doesn't make any sense they must know I'll tell you what must been happening they would have been coming up from the United States they would be made in the us they were then being brought up a tower facts are going to transcript in the Howard facts to military shipping which is then going to take them back across the Atlantic to Europe where they would be used. Ok well what a tragedy or terrible when the Superman is a fellow Australians and she has some very interesting podcast are highly recommend people listen to them and get educated in a fun way good and I should also another little small point I didn't think we did this but Toni in Liverpool says when they really cheered me up or I was late to the item I'm pretty sure she should have been calling an i.u.d. And not an i.e.d. You really wouldn't want to mix them up which I totally agree. So if if we did we apologize you from all this you will have gathered the text is working again 5 o 5 if you're text up all night b.b.c. Dot seo dot u.k. For your email and if you'd like to go soaring and talk Dr Carl the number to call is 590-9613 so where that let's let's pick up on a question and let's make it a seasonal one Alan in Northumberland this time of year we hear about the star Sean from the east what stars It also he says whatever happened to the satellite that landed on the comet. Ah yes Ok the stock of the east is shed with the birth of cross that 11 all right talking about Venus you know that one we're talking about Ok a bunch of theories. One relates to some comments about Herod and doing something he says that it was the birth of the Jesus Christ ad and an eclipse which happened near a bar or no nearby in time and so we're going back then several years before the birth of crossed for his actual birthday now during the Dark Ages in Europe things did go bad and we lost the ability to keep Tom in the calendars and the rule centralized government fell away off the Romans vanished and so it is so that that was part of the problem the Ghauri who got the calendars going again was somebody called Denis exit us the x r g u us otherwise known as Denis the small he was a monk and he tried to get the calendar going again several maybe 7 or 8 centuries after the birth of cross I think that was and he dropped a few yeas So that gives the Tommy the star in the east many many many theories including comets and so forth a fairly popular theory is a triple conjunction of I think it would have been Mas Jupiter and Saturn a could be wrong that was a triple conjunction we have 3 planets in the heavens at the same time and this would have been really noticeable to the general public but very noticeable to the astronomers of the time who would have seen this is a very very rare and uncommon event but really we don't know a supernova exploding almost certainly not. The 1st hot 2nd part was a god to the space ship that landed on a comet. Hold the 67 the space ship was called Rosetta the reason that the lending didn't happen as planned was because of aging of organic material so there was supposed to be 2 as speaks of the landing of the Rosetta spacecraft on a comet there was supposed to keep it pain and to the surface of the comet was incredibly low gravity one was the rocket engines were supposed to fall on top of the spacecraft ever so gently and so go push push push not like you mess of taking off from Earth with the space shuttle but just like a gentle push to keep it Nial to the surface the 2nd one was on the bottom end of the spacecraft a plug was supposed to get out of the way and then through it was supposed to come out Hopgood with sparks and it would be fired into the ground while the rocket engines were pushing and it would then dive into the ice lodge and then a little motor would want it back on so that the spacecraft would be at the correct position on place $76.00 the p.c.t. 7 the comet so that it would get maximum Some lot and at the same time still be able to communicate with us and unfortunately both the organic plugs phials they went hard and so now the rocket nor the harpoon fod and so it bounced the spacecraft landed resident landed did a big bass did several bounces up down up down Farley landed in a bit of a shadow area unfortunately many see a little bit of data back but then not the word landed on the spacecraft died there on the spacecraft the mother ship can order the hovering nearby. And so it actually I think it did a death dog with onto the comet when it was out near Jupiter because it was going out further is going to go out so far possible to Jupiter that the solar cells on the mothership which was orbiting would not have had enough electricity from the sun there was enough sunlight and so I was going to die anyway so I might as well make it dawned of the conditions where they could pick up some extra data rather than not. I hope that says that's helpful thanks very much. Somebody wants to know if you if you suffer from jet lag we may have had some good jet lag answers from view before but you have been a good solutions on this trip. I have 0 jetlag so follow the advice that you and I harvested from the wisdom of the commons in this case the wisdom of the Formula One drivers run it teams deliver their shift in and they shift hundreds of millions of pounds of equipment and maybe 3 or 4 dozen people from one time zone to another and they have to perform at peak efficiency every single week they do it every week and so the advice was Bernabeu critic odd points but differing from a point to get a life flight seat they had 0 alcohol minimal food just no fat bit of fiber and a bit of protein and then. No blue screen so if you're going to look at a computer make it go yellow on you because that blue interferes I think it was the ganglia know the bipolar cells in the written and that then reduce the production of Motown and and then finally a hefty dose of militant from a bottle. Or 225 milligrams about 9 hours before sunrise in your destination and in that case I had no jetlag going over or coming back but these 2 problems number one if I were to just oddly stay at a gently patent carpet or tall floor with very small toils I would see them begin to slowly ripple in a very mild wing hallucinogenic fact which is disconcerting starkly. What happened last time was I have tomorrow to take so I have this weird Margaret in which doesn't involve pine it just involves flushing of lard and only have one ever. 4 months on this occasion last time last time I had 2 in 4 days proving that my brain didn't like being wrenched from one times and the other and then back again this time I had none and I very I was very careful to make sure I had enough sleep on average to each of the days I was away I had 7 and a half hours sleep which is not as good as I was a lot better than you have for a really push myself to get my regular beauty sleep. Let's take a caller says Henry is calling us from Northwich Hello Henry Good morning to filter out and also call Frank you for taking my call. I'm a layman and I'm certainly not sole highbrow and I don't think it is scientifically so it's a fairly simple question it's twofold whether it's a simple I'm left and seriously how do we know that universe is infinite Ok That one's a hard one ball do the best I can as a known cosmologist I'm not profess a great looser Professor Brian Cox and it goes like this the universe is expanding and right further away galaxies are from us the faster they are expanding from us so if you look say halfway to the edge of the observable universe which old the foreign and the minute objects are moving it away from us at half the speed of light 3 quarters of the way they're moving in 3 quarters of the speed of light and we would him is there we haven't quite been able to build the telescopes that will take us to the very edge of the observable universe that would be moving at the speed of light relief to us now observable means as far as we can see so if they're moving away faster than the speed of light. Relative to us carried by the expanding space so they're moving over the 3rd because space time but the thread because space time is carrying them away so it's a fair because space time that is moving and he can move faster than the speed of light so it's about 43000000000 lot is to the age where once I go faster than the speed of light we can't see them anymore so the sick the 2nd part how do we know this stuff beyond it and that one of your own and I'm going to put that down as my homework along with what happens to you if you hold in fog for too long had a sun block work and why is milk white so the last one is you the Henry Dr Henry that was a very deep question how do we know what the data that tells especially I'll have an answer for you next week you have enough sense to try and the 2nd part is if suddenly grabs he disappears what would happen to all planets stars are the same well why would why would they end up. If. Gravity would suddenly vanish in other words in the case of the years if the gravitational field of the sun were to suddenly vanish from where the earth is then there would be no longer any tendency for the us to keep going around the sun in a roughly circular in fact an elliptical orbit no at the moment the gravity stopped of the sun stopped influencing the earth the earth would then follow Newton's 1st law is just going to strike law and so Newton's 1st law is that every object will do what it's doing unless there is a force acting on it so if it's stopped it will stay stopped it was going in a straight line will keep going in a straight line in the case of the earth getting on the some of the force involved is the force of gravity and that's pulling it from a straight line into a circular orbit Oh yeah elliptical orbit so if the sun would have vanished then the lack of gravity would ripple out towards the edges of the solar system it would hit Mercury within a few minutes the earth that i minutes Mas' I think it 15 or 20 minutes and both target at the Pluto that before ours and as the lack of gravitational field reached each planet at that instant the planet which is going to strike law and whichever way it happened to be pointed at that time. Right it's kind of but yes yes so so they were they would rather see it in my layman's wise just everything would just fold all go it would but it doesn't it just goes forward sort of in its stride live forever more. All right we'll with the lack of gravity that Ok so he did let me just take you one level higher so there are 4 forces that explain everything that we know in the universe this trial Lichter magnetic force involved in radio and television and also repulsion of one item from another because the outer shills electrons you know native I said well yeah that's why you don't fall through the floor that's the electromagnetic force right forces 2 and 3 nuclear forces and they're involved with the nucleus of the atom rather than the electrons and one of them holds the center of the nucleus together and the other ones involved in radioactivity play through through the full force and so there is electro made a magnetic strong nuclear and weak nuclear then we have the 4th force which is not happening on the background of the fabric of space time but is. A defamation in the fabric of space time so any surprise there are these 4 dimensions in the universe are still on quite clearly pointed this out to us and he was quite clearly right he get backwards forwards which is the 1st dimension left drop which is the 2nd dimension up down which is the 3rd dimension and the 4th dimension is time which takes away one second per 2nd usually And these 4 dimensions left right back with forwards up down and time into intimately into mingle with each other now when you have a body with mass nearby like the sun it causes a dent in this fabric and the best analogy is that of a bowling ball on a trampoline Ok So imagine you go to trampoline is dead flat and your little model will call it a comet and you flip the marble the little bowl of the golf ball goes straight across from one sort of the traveling to the other is dead flat but if you have a bowling ball that causes a dent in the fabric of the trampoline and it will then have if it goes near enough to the dent to be influenced by the dent it will change its path it might slam into the bowling ball it marches live. Around it and go keep going or might be caught in a circular all of tickle orbit and the analogy here is that the sun creates a dent in the fabric of space time and so does the earth and all of you with a small bunch of woods which came from to us from. Solitary cliff at Austin Texas John Wheeler. Right and mass tells space how to distort comma and distorted space tells mass where to go so the mass of the sun distorts the space around it and then that distorted space tells us where to go where I go gravity is geometry Now these of are very big indeed concepts so I would recommend having a little cup of tea to think about them and that they were showing you were notionally ironing Thank you Henry for the question that's great and as time advances at one second per 2nd so it is that we find ourselves at just after half past 3. From the l.a. Football anyone else this is b.b.c. 5 Live The news comes from Christian your president says the u.s. Now recognizes Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and the American embassy will move there from Tel Aviv you know on cements being condemned by Palestinian leaders with President Mahmoud Abbas saying America can no longer be considered a peace broke up the Irish Prime Minister Leo Veronica's says to reason may is preparing to put forward a new offer only issue of the Irish border within the next 24 hours negotiations with the e.u. Of slowed after the d. He rejected an initial plan Researchers say one in 5 children born in 2000 or 2001 in the u.k. Was obese at the age of 14 a study from the u.c.l. Institute of Education found rates of those who are overweight or obese increased slightly from ages $3.00 to $7.00 but rose significantly at age 11 and Scotland's being warned to prepare for disruption to road rail and ferry transport ahead of storm Caroline the Met Office has an back and yellow warnings in place sport now with Chapman Liverpool needed one point but they went on a made sure of that place in the Champions League last 16 so no more school or just were ridiculed by a kid. So I've heard it credible it's up to a c 3 goals played scored in this Champions League group the most any English have ever scored in a single Champions League group of Liverpool marching orders group winners headed to the knockout stages for the 1st drive since 2000 and noid Most allow their rounding off a huge 7 a win over Spartak Moscow on field making your gun club side the 5th British team to go through so how does he rate this victory one of the better ones for Ireland. Can easily enjoy a game like this without thinking about when they see a game like this we should not think that it will be like this now from now on until the end of the entire life I don't also or there will be difficult moment for tonight but was nice bunches the city's 20 match unbeaten run came to an end when they were beaten c one by shocked Antone at Tottenham be our Paul Nicosia 3 nil both teams had already qualified as group winners Ben Stokes has been named in the England o.d.i. Squad for their much as against Australia in January alongside batsman Alex Hales is a cricket correspondent Jonathan Agnew to say this is a confusing situation is an understatement the e.c.b. Had said that Stokes and hails are unavailable for selection until further notice technically Stokes is part of this Ashes squad and it doesn't seem likely that he'll play either in this or the one day series until he is cleared or possibly even charged following his arrest for allegedly causing actual bodily harm in Bristol in September even then there's an easy be disciplinary process that follows a c.p.s. Decision that e.c.b. Inquiry will also involve an investigation into Hales involvement that night he's been named in the squad but like Stokes isn't guaranteed actually to play wooden buildings added to the squad that played against the West Indies jockey Hayley Turner is to face a British Horseracing Authority inquiry later this month after being charged with breaching betting rules that the. The 4 year old ascent to be devastated and deeply embarrassed at the u.k. Championships newco Well number 21 mocking has knocked out the 3 time winner and 4th c. John Higgins came came back from full to down to win 65 and reached the quarterfinals but how did he manage to fight back she said himself just keep gun I mean you know it's not the end of the world of you know I've lost matches before we have just lost it even at 40 down I was just so you know enjoy it just enjoy it was comes and wash on the tried and all the kids in the message you know I mean to say. Now about failing the gun on to them even McGwire is also through to the last 8 Joe Perry has joined him after beating Macallan 6 for Ryan Day is the 4th player to go through beating Lee hung 65 and after a 9 year wait Britain's Kelly Sotherton says she wants to be awarded her 2008 Olympic heptathlon bronze medal at a ceremony at the London stadium so this and will get the medal after Russia's Tatyana Chernova was stripped of her bronze the doping and lost a subsequent appeal to get more from b.b.c. Find life with things like parkour slow and welcome to headline Is it a bracing caster this is all of the storm this episode is a little bit different laws for the moment Chairman welcome to the fall of last football daily welcome to rugby in a weekly welcome to say listen this is very odd but you must fear the phone call 5 luck this is dunces tells of the extraordinary turn of the mayor's film review the award winning podcast This is a seat so solidified life in your hard costs and come up with good company one of the also this week I'm going to get more from b.b.c. 5 Live the 1st phone use and the best law school this is b.b.c. 5 live up all night with Raj Shah but. Very glad actually to have confirmation of my Syria earlier about the mom blank which blew up and how facts Harbor 100 years ago from Kit Kat. On a windy a one kit kat says if memory serves correctly the Montblanc was going to how fax to join a convoy across the Atlantic being an older ship Dr Carol she was fairly slow and had to find a convoy that she could keep up with so there we are so that was what happened and that was why and that must have been one crowded Harbor and no wonder the captain was nervous going into it so here we are and a question here from Mark in Leeds says I have been reading about the so-called Philadelphia Experiment is this yet another hole or is there any chance it happened the Philadelphia Experiment years it goes back to the 2nd World War with a ship now I can't remember the details I wrote about this about 20 years ago. Are there in Philadelphia hob halls of Philadelphia I forget which tells you how long of the story that it was not in a p the next not and this is then thought to be. Fact that the Americans developed this mazing teleportation technology but the trouble was that everybody on the ship was then lived terminally instead insane and screaming about the demons coming out of the middle work this is one of the variations on. Firstly if any country in the world had an instant teleportation technology why wouldn't they use it while he was a secret think hero in the case of war Hell you could shift so many weapons from one place to another maybe the soldiers the fighters have to go there buy it transport but you just shift through all of the tanks because there's nothing about tank to go inside and it's just a lump of metal Secondly it was around the time that the various allied forces were developing anti magnetic technology to go against the magnetic minds that the Nazis were deploying so the ship didn't actually have to hit them on it just have to have enough on in it to create a magnetic field as it moved through the water to trigger the magnetic sensor on the mine and 510 meters away was close enough and the. Sheer mass of water being thrown at the ship was enough to breach the hole and says in the early days to develop this Eddie make music technology what they did was string wires over the saw out of the ship in various configurations Until then run various currents through them until they could tune it so that overall the ship had a 0 or very small magnetic field and then very rapidly it went to having the same technology inside the hall but in the early days they were just running the was over there so the ship this is supposedly at the top of a very secretive nosy and so people would suppose a talk about it and this then led to the hype about the ship being able to vanish in one place and come out another there was a case of a ship leaving one port and the next day being sent to the other port. The ports because another could have sailed the the military could show that it did Sylia that's sort of as deep as the Philadelphia Experiment guys that's great thank you I wonder if you've been watching England's disappointment in the Ashes Test. What happened tell me Hong Well didn't go too well. This next question may therefore be a little bit of a reach but we shall see. Because we have a caller and Nick is calling us from Edgware. Leaving good morning so you will. Learn to think Welcome Marvis to do it this may come later. You may have to explain this. In quite a lot of depth I was a merchant navy and I was on. Target one time to Norwell in the sea and the reason was untrue because that. And the wire provoke. Actually cut my head but I was told the wire didn't touch me it was a force of the wind try to get away that sways me as well as the law was. Called when the customer 3 you've got a sore next to me so the snickometer just registered on one it was smoke said register the ones that comets are but not the other because one is more sensitive so I wonder if it was a reaction from the bowl or this characteristic comets or with the wind passing them. But not touching the back and you would have to scroll. Up to not. So the snickometer is some sort of super sensitive marker a phone that picks up the very gentle noises as the bed just is kissed softly by the ball here the Royal You are so you just need take note is that they have several of the or more than once the comma at the peach Yes there are one it registered orange and one it doesn't register on so you. Know we're breaking annoyance or something or reaction the central There are many factors involved you have to actually look at the set up it could well be that the bat was between the contact point with the bowl of her hit the bad ass and the mark of a. And so therefore the sound would be radiated a rally around the snickometer rather than towards it which is why you see they would have to Secondly. It could be that these new comet has different distances were not a quick distant from the impact sought and so could have been really close to the bat and ball the impact so I could be really close to one snickometer a very weak sound booth very close a different picture of where the other one being further why did I pick it up there's at least 2 variables I can think of but I don't actually have to see the set up of the how it works I do know that you know. We did invent something called the infrared hotspot and those are very curious about this that you could see that he did later it was all a poser actually here. And I would chasing this up and managed to actually find the person who was looking at this fantastic infrared technology and basically it was just one person in a van looking at the image of an infrared camera and seeing is a lot distortion and then drawing a circle around where they thought the distortion on the bat was and then both time it got to appear on t.v. Suddenly there was this very clear red circle which was stood out from the background with a very clear demarcation which was nothing like the original image that was based upon and I asked the guy do you reckon it every top of the ball actually he said Well now we can sometimes it just gets really close but this is what they've told me to do so I think that some of the technology that is used in see what happens in the tali script and Tom's in cricket with bowls come very close to bats I think some of the technology. Isn't that reliable for example in here in CIA's series of Forensic Medicine half the technologies they use do not exist my wife is involved with d.n.a. Testing take knowledge forget it this is the stuff they show on the t.v. Shows just is in no way realistic or accurate and they don't even talk about false positives false Need is Now I'm not meaning to throw too many. Gods at the snicko but I'd like to read up on it I'm sure with you Peter has a good intreat all no more better for next week so we can say Rose was not sounds it's possible that would seem to be the conclusion from what daughter calls it in saying they could lay things. Will cause a little trouble thank you very much cards of rational questions. Answered Well Dr Karl little do you know what water's the right way starring there anyway let's let's move to let's move to other matters Humphrey and shows Brit says Has anybody ever estimated. How much that sways Oh yes quite easy it's an ever get draw number of 10 kilogram bricks so you write down the number 6 and then 24 zeroes and that is the weight of the earth in kilograms and that was determined all a century and a half ago or more by a very clever British saw it is called I think Cavendish was at Cavendish modified Cavendish and right and he got he measured the twisting of why is that had torsion bars and by bringing heavy lead balls up towards the end of the bars he did measure the constant big g. In Newton's formula for gravitational attraction and from that we get the mass of the earth. So this will not it was done ever since we got good so so Humphrey can research Cavendish a little bit further if I have some more Kevin this is the guy who weighed the earth Ok All right. This is from ragin Bristol he says I wrote here a few weeks ago regarding the dissociative identity disorder d. Id and the possibility that physiology can be altered or adjusted by chemical reaction in the brain Dr Carl seemed quite interested and use an example of Black Eagle on us on the Galapagos that can and do change their size we know many animals insects fish birds have the ability to alter their appearance color scent behavior to suit particular circumstances and firemen's to attract a mate for example so why not humans. In the area do as homework just wondered if you have any you thoughts no of being very lazy I'm sorry thank you the name was the official name something the i.c.d. Saw something called this associative identity disorder I really sort of all right Ok this I can think of a few variations more homework and luckily Christmas is coming so I can spend more time on how very kind of you to spend your Christmas researching that Ok. Here's the scenario from Bill in Glasgow he says is there any ongoing incest in the use of gyros as a source of power. Just like flying whales is that what Bill's talking about it could be the one hand people talk about Jaws scopes is a way of creating levitation and he believed to float through the air. On the other hand a reason why it is still modern mounts of power with a fairly quick delivery time so if you have a flaw we'll say. 100 kilograms a metre in diameter and spinning very rapidly that can store a lot of energy that we use for a little while in cars as test purposes about 2 decades ago the trouble is that you have the jars covered you think which means going around the corner clockwise is different from going counterclockwise and of course. You have what is effectively a very large hand grenade in the back of the car in case the middle whatever is made of loses structural integrity it starts flying out in all directions but certainly flaw will have a definite place. If you avoid in the overall role of renewable recycling g. And battery and indeed storage is not a huge place is the battery technology is better because anything was moving parts unfortunately does wear out but they still have a place thank you this is from John Lawrence in Miami and he says since I was most likely sleeping during tense great chemistry when this question might have been explained my curiosity persists How does the element. Hydrogen flammable gas at normal temperatures combine with the element. Or extension another flammable gas normal temperatures to farm out most vital molecules h 2 o. Water a liquid at normal temperatures which will extinguish the flames of both hydrogen and oxygen Ah. The way to think about it is to think about burning some paper for example we've got carbon and the carbon burns now it combines with the oxygen which is not flammable oxygen is the oxidizer So carbon plus carbon dioxide gives you a sorry carbon Pasok student gives you carbon dioxide plus heat plus the ashes of the stuff that couldn't be. Now in the case of Hardin combining with oxygen in this case the residual is not a gas the floats off but it's a liquid so it's what's left over after the energetic reaction has happened so you start off with things that potentially higher energy levels hydrogen and oxygen they swap electrons and they form something that is much shrunken in volume by about 700 times the water so the water is the ashes of the reaction Hodgin plus oxygen gives you water plus n.-g. By the way this reaction was used to help get the space shuttle into orbit with the tanks of oxygen the gross in liquid hard I think is a few 1000 tons so yes you do end up with water. When it cools down goes from steam into a liquid and then because it deprives oxygen access to the area it stops for the combustion from going on in a house fire and therefore you don't get any more Bernie So the way to think about it is the reward is the ashes left over after the combustion has happened thank you from question. Let's take a call this is from Graham who's calling us from Stockport. Good Morning Have a great way to frame welcome Bonnie Dr thanks for taking the call. Is to do with Stonehenge I'm trying to find out. You know the the the supposed alignment of the external hailstone with the with the winter and summer solstice that if you stand of particular point in the inner circle and look over the top of this so-called hail stones it's in perfect alignment with the sunrise. Wouldn't that have been the case 5000 years ago when the structure was originally built. So then I know. I'm thinking about this in there like an incremental shift in the soul bit in the angle of tilt so I spoke basically the correct thing to stakes into the ground 5000 years ago to align with the winter with the summer solstice the sun rise and I came back 5000 years later with that alignment still hold true no that would change over the thousands of years any 5 trillion with use this with the pyramids in Egypt which were lined up to light up with something several 1000 years ago a thing about been the post are looking along one thought a common Berthold So what is the valuable something when we know by the fact that they no longer line up with those particular stars in the scar that they were built 70000 years back Joe what are you talking about here is the. Match if you go to the top it's called precision as you go to the top and you spin a really quickly so it's got a very skinny base and it's like an upside down pyramid and for a little wall it is spinning did through did vertically and then the begins to sort of sweep out a circle. It does precession Well the Earth does precision then it does that on a 24000 d. Sokal So you go back far 1000 years that's a significant percentage of 24000 d.s. And in fact if you go back and he 2000 years well let's. 112th of the 24000 is and that's enough to shift you one complete Zodiac saw in in the heavens so you're quite right what they're learning up with now is not what island up with we have a build which I don't know you say he was 4000 easier 5000 years ago 5000 years ago is allegedly the service it's there's a lot of series could have proximately 5000 is a go yeah. Sure so what are lined up within Is that what it lines up with you know now that's a lot so I was hoping that would be the case stuff to tell thank you very much indeed he turned off as a thank you thank you thank you very much now here's a here's a question from Antony who's in Russia. And that's quite important because a sort of a social question. And he says about the d.n.a. And genes of identical twin siblings I have an identical twin brother and as many pairs of identical twin settlings we have differences of course from the 1st glance we look similar but our personalities and characters differ and our faces do not look 100 percent alike which helps our relatives and friends distinguish us so far so good and then he says The question is is d.n.a. And identical twins completely similar or are there differences in it and more specifically and this is where gets to be a social question How high is the probability of my brother being gay like b we live and he's talking about his own society we live in a homophobic society hence I'm closeted even to my brother and I can only guess about his sexuality. Wow the social side is a difficult one and. That's not really scientific but it is very very hard to do it I can fully sympathize with what's happening there was a god 2 identical twin d.n.i. That's much easier to answer if only we could fix other things as easily so you start off with one egg and they split into 2 identical eggs and have 2 identical cells and they're identical and then you start copying the d.n.a. And over and over and over you copy it and the more times you copy it. The more the chances of errors creeping in by errors I mean that in that day in a letter of law for the 3000000000 rungs on that day in a letter with the man that is being a t. C. And g. 7 you can have just a single point change where and I turns to a c. Or g. Or a to you or something and these errors increase in numbers as you end up going from a little blast assist or the y. Up to a fully grown human but there are other changes as well not just in the d.n.a. But in their environment so it turns out that the loops in the world on your fingers in your fingerprints are related to the pressure in the arteries that was flowing at the time that your fingerprints were formed of a get what weeks of conception I seem to remember 10 or something but could be very very wrong it doesn't matter the point is that the pressure. Relates to the loops in the worlds in the a in Arches in your fingertips if one baby clothing in the uterus has a short lump of short lengths of umbilical cord then it has high pressure a longer length lower pressure different fingerprints says it's nature and nurture beginning even in the uterus much less once they've been out in the real world. And . Thank you for all.