Transcripts for BBC Radio Oxford BBC Radio Oxford 20191031 020000

In the piece for The Houston Astros from really curious out with a home run in the 2nd inning and then just a few moments ago Abi are a single phone call a school rarity not Michael Bradley around about a spot Rudolph likes to register that 2nd run the story goes with the pitching of the Washington Nationals and the kids to naturally particularly those sacré came to the Astros to be citing charging down to the nationals or searching for their good World Series title let's get the rest with a small She's now with Chapman munition an e.f.l. Cup night to remember after 10 goals on a penalty shoot downs and failed little clumps as he can't remember the last time he had so much fun at a football match probably because his side came out on top eventually beating off nil 54 on penalties to go through to the quarterfinals Manchester United are also through after winning 2 want to Chelsea Marcus Rushford both goals for United his 2nd a stunning 35 yard free kick the goal of the night Aston Villa will join them in the draw up to beating wolves 2 in the Scottish Premiership 2nd placed ranges beat Ross County 4 nil to keep the pressure on leaders Celtic could be sent mariners who know only one goal separates the city sides at the top Manchester City have been knocked out of the Women's Champions League by Athletico Madrid for a 2nd consecutive season after a 21 second leg defeats in Spain Dobby County have sacked Captain Richard Keogh a month after he was injured in a car crash that led to the arrest of his teammates Tom Lawrence and Mason Bennett that later pleaded guilty to drink driving and the retired triple Olympic rowing gold medalist Pete Reed has been paralyzed from below the chest after suffering a spinal stroke this is b.b.c. Radio 5 Live on digital b.b.c. Sound smart speaker. The weather rain for parts of southern England and South Wales overnight mainly draw elsewhere with clear. An Apache frost but the old Charlie's coasts and staying breezy as we head further into the drawing for most of us with some sunshine cloudy across parts of southern England the South Wales rain will clear and more showers spreading into Northern Ireland and western Scotland. On an f. M.r.i. In the u.k. On digital and online I'm Roger Sharpe were up all night just as the world was getting over the incredible damage and loss to almost every family caused by the 1st World War another disaster struck a flu pandemic of 1919 killed an extraordinary number of people so many but the number couldn't be paid beyond somewhere between 50 and 100000000 more Americans died in that pandemic and were lost in all wars the Spanish-American War at the outset of the 20th century to the invasion of Iraq a consequence of the extraordinary effect of this to Calais on young people was the rise of a new character in literature. All over Britain it's 5 past 25 pos night at a roadside mocker on a u.s. Highway just outside of Jefferson Maine Europeans may associate. With the birth of ballooning but in these parts that a member one thought in a slow who discovered their value for reconnaissance in the Civil War 5 prostate in Tokyo North Dakota chiefly of not only known for the massive Dakota Sioux casino 57 of my post 63 on us how we too as it winds through the Couldn't a national forest in these fire trouble times a small display philosophically discusses the place of fire in the natural scheme of things in $56.00 in the Puget Sound west of Skykomish Washington even in summer the clean blues showing the holes from the fearless few who Child them that they are fools of melted snow the news comes from c.b.s. . News c.b.s. News on the hour I'm Jim shown to be the threat appears to be over for the Reagan National Library a wildfire burning in Ventura County California has moved beyond the library but continues to threatens thousands of homes Sheriff Bill we currently have approximately 7000 homes under evacuation orders most are mandatory orders some are voluntary with an estimated 26000 residents affected correspondence the fundament is there the smoke is so thick here right now it's very hard to breathe the winds are strong it's blowing the smoke back towards the library. Fire crews are here they are trying what they can do to protect the library but these ones right now are completely taking over and officials are warning those winds could be a problem for another day of the full House expected to vote on the impeachment resolution tomorrow c.b.s. Is the measure sets the boundaries for public hearings in the impeachment process moving forward Democrats like Virginia's Jerry. Finally say the resolution will formalize the process the resolution also calls for the release the public release of the transcripts of the depositions for the heads of 4 but Republicans like Rules Committee ranking member Tom Cole of Oklahoma reject the resolution with due process that respects minority rights I do not believe the American people regard this process as legitimate Democrats plan to bring the impeachment resolution to a full House vote Thursday break up c.b.s. News Capitol Hill there is growing support for federal legislation to fight drug abuse in a race horses after a series of horse deaths at the Santa Anita Race Track in Southern California $36.00 horses have died at the Southern California track since December and while the cause is unclear the Coalition for horse racing integrity thinks the Misuse of Drugs has been a factor it's lobbying for a bill that would end the use of drugs on race day and establish a national Anti Doping authority to develop a list of banned drugs but Churchill Downs the home of the Kentucky Derby opposes the legislation saying it isn't practical Allison Keyes c.b.s. News on Wall Street the Dow gained one $115.00 points the Nasdaq up $27.00 this is c.b.s. News the n.c.a.a. Says college athletes can make money off endorsements and sponsorship nows comes the hard part just how to implement that Chris Miller of w w l there is still a lot that needs to happen so as Tulane University sports law professor Gabe Feldman the conferences and member colleges will have to set up guidelines consistent with the collegiate model he says that model currently forbids student athletes from getting any money related to playing sports The funny thing is that the collegiate model is whatever the end table and does it lead in model is an equation model has evolved over time Beldin says the n.c.a.a. Wants forbid scholarships but that changed to become standard procedure today and so this too will evolve Chris Miller for c.b.s. News New Orleans a study finds that after calorie counts were posted on fast food menus people did cut back on how much they were eating a bad news didn't last Harvard researchers say customers at fast food chains ordered an average of 60 fewer calories per meal after the figures were 1st displayed but after a year the drop was down to just 23 c.b.s. News. President Pinera of Chile has canceled 2 major international summits including a very important climate conference that was to have taken place in Chile in the Sembler No the c o p 25 conference which was to be in very very important looking for another venue asses the APEC trade summit earlier this week President Pinera sacked office cabinet in a bid to and mass demonstrations against inequality. While Kitty Watson South America correspondent is with us no hello kitty and this was to have been a really big deal climate conference was it I mean is it still possible that it can take place. I'm seeing this is meant to be a time for a change to shine and Eve got the Asia Pacific Summit in just a couple of weeks and then as you mentioned there cut 25 which is this a u.n. Climate Change Conference which is a really big deal and so it looks like I mean a yes they're going to have to scramble to try and find a new location the conference it was actually meant to be held in Brazil where I am but when John Bill's Nari took over he scrap that idea and offered to host it say unfortunately 2nd time around now look like there are some problems but yes I don't know how easy it will be to host such a big conference in such knows so such short notice is extraordinary thing. What is going on at the moment then and in places like Santiago. So every day with seeing protests in the streets not just in Santiago but in other parts of the country too I was in Chile just just a week ago and you know around midday people start heading to placid Tahlia which has been the focal point of the protests and they've just been gaining in size last weekend there were more than a 1000000 people they thought. Protesting in Santiago alone so we're talking really big numbers mostly peaceful the vast majority of people are coming out families as well you know coming out to say they want it big changes to the way. They've had enough and this all started nearly 2 weeks ago when they the. Rise in bus in metro fast. This started to be this this gathering momentum in protests and since then it's just it's just continue but it's it's beyond just about just a matter of fact this is a bigger issue in Chile it's about people feeling that yes it's a developed economy but inequality is one of the worst in the world and the not everybody's equal and not everybody has as improve that quality of life in an equal way and so people have been complaining about increase in having to pay for health care of education oversee Now the sheriff has all of this just culminated in people saying right that he should be changes the need to be changes fast. And quite a bit he struck his cabinet. Well this is the thing I mean so when when the protests started 1st of all. Said he talked about the fact that Chile was at war. And gave quite an aggressive approach and not angered a lot of people and then he took it back to take a step back and went for a softer approach and 1st of all offered concessions including increase of wages increase in the tax bracket for the rich pensions hopefully hoping that this might pick a protest is because it all helps to try and make people's lives easier but a lot of people felt that was cosmetic and actually that wasn't enough it wasn't enough and of changes then then he decided to shake up his cabinet that that wasn't enough people are calling for change in the Constitution dictatorship there are countries to constitution that people feel that should be changed and most of the people there there was a real feeling that this isn't this isn't a system where you know old fashioned political parties wanting to sit together in a table it's a broader issue the. Feminist groups environmental groups all of these people need to be sitting at the top table discussing how to move forward and how to make a more inclusive society. It's a huge challenge people must appear as up to the job as does he have their personal faith this point well I mean if you go to a lot of the protests there are people carrying placards saying that he needs to resign it's not just about him resigning I think it's about the whole the whole system and obviously he is a big part of that I mean he's a billionaire president people perhaps might feel he can't you know relate to some you know to the majority but certainly this isn't just about Pena this is about a structural system if you like the idea the elites have enjoyed the good life for too long and and people. Down below struggling and this isn't just the poorest of the poor it's people who you know in the last decade or so you know grown quite considerably as being commodities boom people felt that the country was moving but yet it was moving faster for some people than it was the other so with the bus with the Fast For example you know the idea that it would go up a little bit during peak hours so you had to get up there early to make sure that you got the cheapest fare that just annoyed people there like you were working long hours already had you know struggling to make ends meet and night telling us to get up early as you can save money on public transport not enough. Thank you very much . Well from last protest and silly to dressing up your pet for Halloween and Americans know this Ike Cobley the statistic resound sure's was aware of a phrase research shows research shows that 11 percent of American owners get their pets in on the fun by dressing them up to so we're going to talk to Valerie Greve who is the author of a pet tell puppy about r. And Tampa Florida and we'll be having a hollowing party for the dogs is it just for the dogs Valerie. Yes it is for the dogs and their owners actually just about us can come dressed up as well but the dogs are mandatory coming in dressed. Well off we go. Let's start with the small dog category you know if you if you go into a minute. And I was there or something like that would be a good way to dress up a small dog I would say 1st small dogs winners who are mostly hot dogs. Hot dogs so yes dogs dressed as a hot dog and a lot of them were wiener dogs as well so the wiener dogs are Doc French and a lot of them came tracks this hot dogs going to trend of the usual heart Americans to dress their Wiener Dog such hot dogs have you you've had your party already have you don't waiting for the big night actually yes it actually just ended because the hollowing night is mostly for the kids the dogs usually dress up the night before I mean they still go out on the show in one trust but the parties for the dogs are usually held the day before the Holloway. So so goes around I mean you must have from a lot of general mutts in the population as well you know good old mixed breed dogs have a really smart not to mix breed dog. Actually they love to come a superhero had a lot of superheroes pretty much any to behere that you can think of was present in the party today. So if you bought. All icons like Tiger man. Americana and. The Mary I don't know but I'm not in America with Captain America and that's the one yeah there's someone in the friendship or here as I can turn things out and then say the superwoman Wonder Woman thing that was her name and sometimes they come in pairs too which makes it even cuter so they get a majority of the much actually do just as to Paris as well as Elf else was a very popular pastime sound to Al. Right right and generally speaking when you dress your dog it's the it's the front the half of the dog that has dressed as a kind of leave the back open. There are no attacks to a whole body suit from had to chose sometimes they even have had on top of their head but doesn't usually last so long because the dogs really like them that much so they take them off pretty quickly but now it's so full body suit most of them it's not just the frontline now you see a lot like on You Tube It is a lot of the dogs that just walk into from customs but they want some of the popular that we see here on a tree or a full body caused him like we also had a lot of pumpkins turning them tall one of my dog this is a great big huge dog has amassed this kind of course in masses and she was just a pumpkin and then we had a lot of Frenchies and a lot of Boston terriers that were trust us pumpkin to do because they kind of little bit Chevy's so pumpkin our kids looked great on. A good autumn do you give prizes Yes yes we give prizes for cute The funny as. Well say give prizes to the best. That's actually when a dog shows up dressed as somebody with a person who is matching the outfit says today our best duo was. I guess hell why a party so the dog was dressed as a whole lion man and the girl was dressed as a whole Lions lady. Goodness. Yes a dog as you put across car thought it. Hit just a whole line t. Shirt on them. It's like a button down shirt or teachers with a bunch of palms are you now something really collar. And is a good going in the city and making pet costumes. Yes it is a she is 1st so hostile ours are right now is filled with Costin's and people are buying them left and right at some cost them they're actually pretty elaborate and could cost up to hundreds of dollars and other customs and I'm pretty simple looks like a t. Shirt with some kind of print on it maybe like starting at $20.00 so it is a huge industry share for sure so most people don't make their own costumes for their pet and now to actually purchase them most of the time. Do you get a prize for the best homemade cos I'm actually I have not seen the homemade custom yet because most of the dogs actually purchase a professionally made home in customs for them they do not make themselves. Goodness. Interesting question because they had always been a home made all cars. Well. And do you give what all your dogs a model of good behavior or that some of the dogs go a bit wild you know when the when they saw you know the Wonder Woman or Wonder Dog was. That actually most of them were pretty well behaved we had about 40 dogs show up at the parties that was pretty big party and we were all surprised they were all very well behaved sometimes as they were playing their customs came off but that was like the worst thing that happened. Oh well I'm glad you're proud he was such a success I hope I hope there are lots of how he treats for the dogs as well whether. Oh yeah Fisher there were party favors for every single dog that didn't win the custom contest so they all went home with a party Seamus as well as a may come pumpkin lattes which is just some pumpkin with a coconut milk which they all loved and they were also pumpkin peanut butter little ball treats the way home made her them and show yeah they're all had bunch of pumpkin treats as well. Our I thank you very much and I'll let you go put your feet up and. See where you can put the remaining butts of dog cost to much. Of the floor Thank you very much. Thank you very much for having me having broken I'm. Happy Holly a by. Well let's talk to Seth Bennett where who knows as a horror show for one side or another is said joining us again from Minute Maid stadium in Houston Hello Seth. I think the only Fright Night issues if people with we caught see it because this is a nail biter it is the game that we've been hoping for for the majority of this series Washington one Houston 2 is what the big scoreboard reads We're in the top of the 7th one on one wrong by Saturday's want to outs and I can tell you that Anthony ran down as just pull the ball over the fence into left field rundown is a Houston native and he had a great night last night he's having a great night right now as Houston's leaders be coincidence or if you wonder what the cheering is all about that's because a.j. Hinges just rooms of the mound and he sank in the boat why firms that couldn't use had a fabulous fabulous nights 7 mood before winning as a pitcher just the woman really day results a run down book Growing King has the opportunity to win a World Series Game 7 on the fans stand in this place and they acknowledge what a wonderful athlete that's been. And when the manager visits the mind that can happen any time at 7 it's usually a response to something that's happened on the field as a. Whole who may be potentially be batting next For example I may want to have a look at the matchups that I've got a right hand Bassim I'd be looking to see where they get a right hand pitcher out that vice versa or fizzle last time to him might well be that the a pitcher who's who's Whitey on the sidelines who has a great record against that particular batteries well so there's lots of things that go into it including the pitch counts as well I don't like him to go much above the 100 pitches in this case prinking space. 7 and a bit great innings rid of really good he's given he's a real opportunity here now with that lead with what they need to get themselves on the right outs and then they're going to be the Will Series champions again so it is fascinating but all of us sort of know how Room Ron changes the feeling of this building because he goes from being bombastic and loud and adamant they're going to win so all of a sudden just questioning well hang on a 2nd it's not really going to happen. Yes Yes So it gives it gives the national something to really hope for is that right I count 3 of Washington's patents can you see any nationals fattens in the power the loss of national found Seattle around to speaking to one guy a little bit earlier on today who told us he was watching the game last night and as it as it became clear that those going to be a game 7 he went on his computer and booked his flights he'd already speculative we booked tickets for a potential game 7 so he got here here here right here at 7 o'clock it's got its warnings a bit like that and he was just kind of wandering around and so got. Quite a story for him but there are little pockets of red to be honest he's an orange wall of Astros or pools and noise in this place and you're mentioning there are a few different costumes last night Rod and I saw probably the best coffee mug seen sporting event and it was a gentleman who'd have a ring and what have you when I'm a major North American schools and so I saw you get set presented with a ring but it seems you play full well this a go this guy got one that was made into a full hacksaw ice it was probably a foot in the bit since you go off its head and it was so intricate in detail it was big jewels in quite some style but. Pretty heavy too I mean that's that's heavier than your standard crowd isn't. I would have thought. But to be honest one I wouldn't know you're probably more experienced than not everybody. I hear I hear crimes are pretty heavy anyway back to back to the game. As I mean as things stand top of the 7th it's a time when things can change isn't it was a time when the the balance of the game can change quite easily id has you share your 80 in the room down the line on Washington of taking the lead a kind of the outpost in Roy Neel. Own Washington I ran through and just like the Home Run Run Soto rule I know how we can break the designated hitter high fives everybody down there in the dugout he sliced it and it looked for over the money in the world like he was just going to cook out 5 flour but he held it. And there he is sitting in the dugout pretending he's driving a car I don't know what that's all about but it climbs of the big yellow flower and that means it's a homerun and it means now that the Nationals Lee 30 and de then start to think then I know why. What will happen next will tell you what sas comes back for his next visit said it's going to require exciting to the end of the say World Series game it's help us to. Home digital b.b.c. Sense of space. C.b.c. Radio and find. The news comes from Liam Spike Lee thanks so germy Cobain will pledge to take on vested interest holding people back as he launches Labour's election campaign with a speech in London Mayor Boris Johnson who's making his own series of campaign visits later he's blaming the Labor leader for the case not leaving the today as planned. All political advertising is being banned on Twitter the site's boss Jack Dorsey says the reach of this current me so let me start once again says the reach of this kind of messaging should be and is not bought out reports found that dozens of prisoners across in the whales are failing to operate emergency phone lines to help prevent suicide and self harm the Ministry of Justice says it's unacceptable and a new wildfire near Los Angeles has tripled in size in just 2 hours after it was whipped up by strong winds the wildfires across California have led to massive evacuations and power cuts let's go sport now with Shabnam Eunice Joe a dramatic night in the e.f.l. Cup with 10 goals that field between Liverpool and Arsenal is 5 apiece some quality strikes that see taking the match to a penalty shoot out so he made it through to the quarterfinals. 18 years old when a little. Girl a local lot has always dreamed just to try and get over an appearance on field and to go to Ghana sister get us up there with a chance of winning the game and going out there will win a penalty is a dream country yet young Curtis Jones there sealing a 5 full penalty when you're going club side in the Boss was buzzing I enjoyed it really pretty much each 2nd of the game to be honest I'm not I don't know when I lost them so much on the people again. Because I saw so many really good performances I was so happy and peaceful of all of the kids obviously that they will remember their 1st night in it for the rest of their lives Manchester United's Marcus Rushford scored an amazing winning free kick to win 21 at Chelsea as a 2nd goal of the night while Aston Villa at the Wolves 21 the draw for the quarterfinals will take place at 8 45 in the morning on the Zoe will breakfast show on radio to Manchester City around to the Women's Champions League after a 21 second leg defeat at last Ico Madrid the same team that not the Mt Lassie. In the Scottish Premiership title race rain just a 2nd after a 4 no win over all but there's only a goal difference of one that separates them from Celtic the leaders beat at Meran 2 nil there are also wins for Aberdeen at Motherwell Anson Johnston Hibs drew with Livingston the former Great Britain coach Tony Smith says Sam Burgess suffered mentally when he switched codes to Rigby Union but returned to league after a year because his heart wasn't in it Smith has been speaking after the former England captain retired because of a persistent shoulder injury I would suggest that if my You've had a psychological effect on you I think it was a pretty dark torn psychologically for him because I think he was made a scapegoat for a sport that used him and choose to team up to some degree and I know there's a great rivalry between the 2 codes so I think you know Sam was hung up the droids were a few others at that point or Meanwhile as excitement builds for Saturday's Rugby World Cup final between England and South Africa you can hear a special Rugby Union weekly podcast between 5 of England's 2003 Well Quinn has its own b.b.c. Sounds now Australian Lisa Kylie will take charge of the England women's cricket team in January she succeeds Mark Robinson while Scotland's men have secured a place in the t 20 World Cup after beating host United Arab Emirates in the play off in Dubai triple Olympic rowing champion Reid has been paralyzed from below his chest after suffering a spinal stroke he retired last year after winning gold at 3 successive games in tennis Britain's colored men beat Diego Schwartzman at the Paris Masters to set up a last 16 match against will number one Novak Djokovic and defending champion Alina settling a bit Simona Halep to become the 1st player to book her place in the semifinals of the season ending w t a finals in China that's the latest from b.b.c. Sport to play sports followed every step of England's winter 2 or series in New Zealand which finalized sports extra hours of his way posing as a. First. The simple play funny t 20 international since the tests in New Zealand streets of. Every ball at every match with the Testament specialty confines like schools extra and keep up to date with the c.m.s. Costs down the road and subscribe he says p.c. Sounds of. This is b.b.c. Radio 5 Live on the b.b.c. Sounds. Great with rock shop. Present Trump wasn't most popular Vistar to Chicago on Monday possibly a much more popular presidential visitor on shoes day though was President Obama the previous president who of course comes from Chicago spent a lot of time there and was a senator from Illinois before of course rising to the presidency and in a speech President Obama rather raise some eyebrows because he challenged walk culture it was talking the Obama find Asian Sanyal summit and he had a few things to say not all of them complimentary woke our state walk has been around since the 1960 s. Though I've If you're the same as me probably didn't hear it until about 5 years ago and it implies you care and are allowed to racial or social discrimination and then Justice things you think the President Obama would be firmly in favor of you know speaking out against the term became even more popular with a riot lies with the rise of black lives matter this is what Mr Obama actually had to say this idea of purity and you're never compromised and you're always politically boken all that stuff you should get over that quickly the world the world is messy. There ambiguities. People who do really good stuff. Half loss. People who you are fighting may love their kids. And you know share certain things with you and I think that one danger I see among young people particularly on college campuses and I talk about this goes to school my daughter. But I do get a sense sometimes now among certain young people and this is accelerated by social media there is this sense sometimes of the way of me making change is to be as Judge Mental as possible about other people and that's enough like if I tweet or hash tag about how you didn't do something right or use the word wrong verb or or then I can sit back and feel pretty good about myself because May you see how woke I was I called you out. You know and that's not that's not activism that's not bringing about change it over a good if all you're doing is cast in stone. You know you're probably not going to get that far that's easy to do President Obama speaking and Chicago on Tuesday when less shine Rob Mazumdar our minister and a neuroscientist Hello Robin. Hi Well I was that was a pretty a pretty good little address to a bunch of young people wasn't it yeah I thought it was quite refreshing Yes. When he when he talks about it in this way is it really the case that there's so much. You know the so much to judgment of others is that a particular facet of the you know the under $38.00 generation which we assume Mr Obama was addressing there the Obama find ation. Yeah well I'm I'm quite active on Twitter and in most social media and I'm not under 30 I'm 34 so I guess. I don't but above the cusp there but something that I have been noticing over the last 4 or 5 years is. That while there is I think there's a lot of legitimacy and I really believe in a lot of social movements that have tried to provide more human rights to to people who are oppressed I think and those sorts of conversations and I dialogue oftentimes. It just descends into. Insults and name calling and and I don't think it's that conducive to facilitating social change and and I often think that some of the people that participate in these conversations like this are often you know projecting their own insecurities or bringing their own kind of person wishes to the table and I don't know that that is helpful to what we're trying to achieve here. When. I think we're all agreeing with what most about Obama had to say but has there been a lot of criticism of the president I haven't seen it I mean from what I've the conversations that I've seen happening on Twitter. People I think are happy that he said listen I think that we're at a bit of a crossroads right now on the left which is a you know the put part of the clip political spectrum that I identify with and I think a lot of people have been scared probably because of what color culture has become to communicate these concerns that the president so eloquently had had done in his speech in Chicago. You know I think what's as a leader I think he took a risk I mean. It's a pretty brave move I think a lot of people would have wanted to say what he said but haven't because they're terrified of probably being. Lambasted on this on the social media airwaves does it feel like it's a call to let him let live isn't it isn't that a little bit of as he says you know. Even bad people love their children or words to that I think. Yeah you know I think you know the United States they're coming up on. An election pretty soon and there is the risk of another term with Trump and I think what you know I can't I'll never know what was what his intentions were what Obama's intentions were but I think this kind of approach is unifying you know to suggest that everyone has the capacity to love that these people that you might not agree with love their children and that you might even have something in common with. You know I think what's what's happening with the discourse online is that these unrealistic standards of perfection have been imposed on people and in terms of how and what they say and that to me isn't isn't human and so I think this is perhaps an attempt to humanize the conversation that we have until allow people the opportunity to change and have someone hold an opinion that isn't you know. Agreed with then how how can we expect them to shift their their opinions when they're being made fun of her or shamed Robin thank you thanks very much for talking about this. Thanks. Well is sick good day for spotting zombies but have you stopped to think where zombies and to the culture. On many zombies in the middle ages it's all really relatively modern Elizabeth. Is associate professor of English at the of us to Richmond Virginia and has written recently about how some bees may be connected to the awful flu pandemic of 1990 and here she is hope Fessor Hello good evening the even. If we stop to think about it I suppose you know what night of the Living Dead is is everybody's sort of zombie touchstone does it go much further back than that well. The terms army doesn't come into the country into sort of the night teams already into Britain until 1930 years or so. But there's always been traditions of monsters who are hungry for the flesh of humans. But. Zombies as we know them yes made very famous by Night Of The Living Dead and there's a lot of different origin stories where they come from I'm most interested in the one that seems to come out of the 19181918 influenza pandemic can you explain to us because it obvious as a truly dreadful time for for people just getting over the 1st wrong war. That's right and it was it turned countries everywhere into real horror shows not pretend ones there were. Bodies piled up coffins ran out and it was a particularly gruesome 2 and that it you often bled from your nose and your eyes and your ears. It. Left people with this bone to the exhaustion it could also cause delirium and violent train shipment it was a really unusual flu it wasn't like the flu that we're used to this was this was something quite different and it kills a quarter 1000000 people in Britain. So it's the worst the worst he's all the cost . Of the country. And so talented struggle it struck young people particularly struck a people with house am you know. That's right one of the ironies of the flu is that it killed healthy young people and very very high numbers and it was because of that we think it was probably because the stronger your immune system were as the faster your lungs filled up with fluid. And so you have a. H.p. Lovecraft who is American horror writer people know him through his kids through stories but he's living in Rhode Island during the flu pandemic and he's watching all of this these bodies start to pile up and the coffins pile up and then the coffins run out and they have mass graves. And he begins to write these tales of stories where. He's reanimated corpses come out of pandemics and structures sort of ravaged towns and. The flesh of people and band together and there. There's a sense that they're infectious so. These really locked off those responsible for. Giving us approach to a zombie. That's right it's not the terms he doesn't use the terms of the but these are protests he's that end up really looking a lot like a lot of the symptoms that come out of the flu pandemic and and yet it caves that you don't really think of zombies as comforting but it was in some ways a comforting monster in that unlike the flu you could see it you could see that this was a monster you could see that it was taking the flesh of people it was leaving bloodied scenes behind unlike the influenza virus which was doing the same thing but couldn't be fought you couldn't kill the influence of virus you couldn't see it here was something that was undeniably scary but you could shoot it through the headers take it to the heart or or what have you it was it was a zombie that that we needed at that particular moment and I think that's the fascinating thing about zombies they change it morph over the time but every era needs its own zombie and it speaks to the fears and the frustrations of the moment . Do you then relate to. The climate that we're Conway living in. Well there is a lot of things to be scared of right. And the Certainly another influenza pandemic would be one of them but some of these have you know if you think about Romero he's speaking in some ways to the fear of commercialism and what it's doing to people. And some of it speaks to fear of nucular annihilation some of it speaks to the fear of the other worldwide pandemic which which is unfortunately certainly coming so. Get your shot get your flu shot exactly that's exactly what I had of course for our British listeners there are different standards in the United States with everybody. Is encouraged to get. A flu vaccination but and Britain flu vaccinations tend to be concentrated more on setting populations like the young and the elderly so it's a it's a different sort of attitude that the medical establishment pas but suddenly 919 a 100 years since the flu pandemic and here we are talking about zombies would you ever dress up as a zombie professor. Not in the forest No not in this forest but you can United States right now there's a you can you can buy a zombie banana costume if your tastes run. On the bananas and I think we pretty much have every kind of zombie costume for for Halloween. But the flu pandemic actually ends up surprised in a surprising amount of literature if you know what to look for including things like the waist or the 2nd coming or Mrs Dalloway it's it's it was a terrible tragedy so you know it has to end up in that or somewhere and in in the wasteland What's what's the reference. Well one of the things that very few people know is that ts Eliot and his wife get the flu during the pandemic Elliot is worried that his brain has been affected by it. And he has a lot of the sort of post flu symptoms that sort of. A bone deep weariness. And if you read if you know the symptoms of the flu and its aftermath it starts to show up in the wasteland and. In many ways more than the war does but it's hidden because we're not used to looking for disease we're not used to looking for influenza something that was dangerous these are all things that I talk about and in a book I just published called viral modernism which is about sort of how the flu pandemic end up in the literature in the surprising ways from zombies to the wasteland to Arthur Conan Doyle's work on spiritual or some links back to this terrible terrible disease tragedy. Thank you very much for talking to us tonight we do appreciate it you bet thank you so much thank you bye bye Well we can judge bank on a Grady who can talk to us a little bit about the parade Hello Bianca Hello Ron how your good very good and yeah this is a this is how I mean free scientific discussions probably just as well. What about . What what's the new research on the human brain. Well this is looking at a region of the brain called the hippocampus and there is an emerging sort of research suggesting that this particular region may have actually involved evolved to be much larger in humans to help us keep track of all the people in our social circles so the hippocampus it's a tween drage of the brain so you have to hippocampus posts that have the hippocampus I'm not sure if that's right actually I think it's right in the middle of produce. I never get that right but anyway if you draw a line from each right through the back of your head you hit the campfire kind of Hof way along those lines now the one has nothing to do with if a part of us which is what most kids would kind of all we have about it was it's actually named after the say horse because these structures resemble kind of curved save horses and we know that the hippocampus plays a major role in memory so for example diseases that affect the hippocampus affect memory so Alzheimer's disease tends to cause quite a lot of still loss in the hippocampus and there's also it's a documented cases often those kind of strange historical cases where people have these bits of the brain removed for some reason and then experience something like you know as you retrograde amnesia where you lose the ability to form new memories and to remember new things now the thing about memory is obviously it's very useful from an evolutionary perspective. Obviously you know remembering what is a tasty snack and what is a deadly snack and where the tasty snack select hated but another thing that's very useful for is keeping track of your social network and this is particularly important in complex social groups wait there particular where there are hierarchies you need to know who's on top who's the boss and how to keep on the good side and a group of researchers have been trying to explore the evolution of this region of the brain and how that tracks with what might be some of the influences on that evolution so. For example there's a particular region of the hippocampus called the ca 2 region and this is specifically involved in social memory so this is remembering who's who as opposed to spatial memory which is remembering where you left your glasses or where to find that tree that's got the really good juicy fruit on it and then look at how the ca 2 region of the pickup is changes across different species including humans and I found that basically the bigger the size of the social group the bigger the region the hippocampus in the bigger that is ca 2 region is so humans we have very big social groups and obviously they're getting it bigger with social media because now it's not just keeping track of you know who's in your immediate household or your immediate community but it's also keeping track of who's online and these kind of virtual social networks sorry but I doubt it so now you mention the social networks Surely your computer is doing a pretty good job of keeping track of that stuff or you are the cloud or whatever in other words. Those names and pictures are there for you to look up to 10 a time that that is true well that's interesting it's almost like we digitally outsource that that process to social networks though we still you know we still prioritize who we interact with more who interact with less based on our relationship to them and to some degree I imagine based on where we see them sitting in the social hierarchy because we are you know we are social creatures we are hierarchical creatures. And so contra so solitary animals don't have as much need to keep track of social rankings and so they don't necessarily have as big a hit the campus but what was particularly interesting was that this social memory has far more of an effect on the size of the hippocampus than other things like diet so when they were comparing hippocampal size the train animals for example that eat leaves which are everywhere and plentiful and you don't necessarily need to remember where they are when they they're ripe I'm so when you compare animals that eat leaves and animals that eat fruits fruits you need to remember where the fruit is located that like the tree type and when it's a valuable when it's ripe those things require lots of memory but between those 2 types of diets there wasn't much difference in the size of the hippocampus So it suggests that the hippocampal size is much more significantly paid with a social memory as opposed to a special memory which might explain why humans have quite a big one a well I wonder too if somebody like you know in the old days a far trapper you know who's gone for 10 months a year and sees nothing but. Beavers and other wild creatures and then has to come back and try and sell the pelt at the trading post would his hippocampus be smaller some you know fellow about Tyrone in you know Boston or San Francisco you know. Well I mean I think at an individual level there there is variation in the size of different structures and I mean obviously you know RINGBACK with some you the more you use it the more generally the kind of the more you have although that doesn't always quite in the brain because it's it's not always about size often it's about the different cell types and of things like that but I mean that is you know that idea that a section of the brain like the hippocampus could atrophy could actually diminish through lack of use is an interesting one I mean that would just I don't quite know how you do a study like that because you know I mean it's be quite an intensive one but the lobe is bound to be research looking at that idea of you know if you aren't as necessarily as. Socially kind of if you want is that you know as big a social network does that mean that you don't use your hippocampus as much and does it mean that it's small and that would be a really interesting thing to look at Wouldn't it well tell us a little bit about the supermarket checkers. Yes So this story reminded me of an old ad campaign about quitting smoking which is that willpower is a muscle and more you exercise it the stronger it gets and this was a study looking at ways that we could train our brains not to surrender to the coal of the junk food and this is particularly important because one in 4 adults in the u.k. Is classified as a base which is double that of the global average and we live in an environment where these high calorie you Cicily poor food choices are readily available and they cheap and they're always there as our research has been looking at ways to help people because diet started generally Don because there's a gap between what we aspire to do what we actually do but is there a way that we can stop people having those food stuffs in their grocery baskets to begin with and so to talk about this go nogo approach way you train people to push a button for God or to not push a button for no go would say you're training someone to actually resist a motor response. And then they did this by by showing them pictures of healthy foods goes on healthy foods and the idea is each train is to associate unhealthy foods as no go and resist the urge to actually to to reach out and take them and put them in your basket and it's not it seems to be quite effective so it's not a diet so much as conditioning ourselves to behave differently with junk food choices it's. Very much for sure of all try the possible for the Hollywood story yes. That one. Of our colleagues when Zielinski calling this. B.b.c. Radio 5 Live it's 3 o'clock am here with the b.b.c. News is covering across the Maine is a center a 6 week general election campaign sent to start. Its 24 states the Washington National Grid with. Exactly the morning baseball's all series. This is b.b.c. 5 Live. Jamie Colby and will place to take on vested interests holding people back as Labor kicks off its general election campaign and this week it's a whole promise to rebuild public services and take on the few who run the corrupt system of political correspondents nickered late today is the day the uki had been jus to leave the e.u. That was a key promise Boris Johnson was just unable to follow today the prime minister will blame the leader Mr carbon and accuse the Labor leader of deserting the Conservative campaign looks likely to be dominated by a promise to deliver Bracks that then move on to domestic priorities we more parliaments plan for an early election on December 12th will become law later after it was approved by the House of Lords says says it's banning all political advertising for next month it says the social media rants bring significant risks to politics and the reach of the messages should be earned not boards Facebook recently ruled in making the same move the us military has released the 1st images of the raid in which the leader of the Islamic state group was killed the video shows troops targeting militants on the ground as they flew towards the compound who at Abu back at al Baghdadi was hiding at a news conference the head of u.s. Central Command General Kenneth McKenzie Ginia said the i.r.s. Leader crawled into a hole with 2 small children before detonating a suicide vest we believe that the ages of boat trailer that he took down there with him are under 12 years old we believe Baghdadi actually may or fired from his hole as in his last moments the other people that we gauge on the objective were behaving in a threatening manner were suicide vests approaching the right force and that causes you to make some decisions particularly when they don't respond to Arabic language commands to stop for volunteers in Los Angeles a battling a new wildfire that broke out early yesterday morning the blaze in California. Simi Valley tripled in size in 2 hours because of strong winds low humidity and trims it was threatening the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library but its director juke Blackwood says the building's now out of danger it was a crazy morning it was unexpected but luckily the fire department and the 1st responders it done an outstanding job along with the team here on site and it disappoints. Most of the fire danger is out but there's still a lot of hot spots and smoke and bank sees former agents and photographers releasing photos documenting more than a decade working with them Steve Moore revealed behind the scenes images of the time he spends with the anonymous scientists his books out today but none of the concent will actually show banks face as a 5 Live news sport and back to Seth Bennett's and the World Series baseball. It is game 7 winner take so unaware into the closing stages Washington have staged a massive comeback I would surviving down a warm stage but in the 7th they managed to get themselves going Anthony ran down with our run and that was then followed up one sergeant got on base and how he can drink because of one down the line they hit the foul pole a 2nd homerun of the ring and that is the difference between the 2 sides at the moment a slender lead of Washington though they're now 6 outs away from here to come on a poor might but let's get the rest of the day sports news with that shot that Munis to an e.f.l. Cup night to remember after tangles on a penalty shootout field little clumps as he can't remember the last time he had so much fun at a football match probably because his side came out on top eventually beating off $54.00 on penalties to go through to the quarterfinals Manchester United are also through after winning 2 want to Chelsea Marcus Rushford of both goals for United is 2nd a stunning $35.00 yard free kick arguably the goal of the night Aston Villa will join them in the draw.

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