Relatively minor physically injuries the response of Specter we believe that suspect died but in property a new breathalyzer test which scientists say could revolutionize cancer diagnosis is being trialled in the U.K. The device is designed to detect signs of the disease in molecules exhaled by patients it's hoped he could eventually lead to a simpler cheaper way of detecting can certain early stage and people trying to get hold of the new rail card for 26 to 30 year olds have spent hours online trying to apply the millennial rail card which reduces fares by up to a 3rd went on sale at midday yesterday National Rail says it's because of high demand sport now with Betty Glover Manchester United interim manager only gonna so shares joins to Matt Busby in the United history books becoming the 2nd manager in the club's history to win his 1st 4 league games in charge after Manchester United beat Newcastle 2 nil Meanwhile there were 6 goals in the 1st half but none in the 2nd between born with and what that they share the points after that 3 all draw Southampton have slipped into the bottom 3 despite holding Chelsea to a no no draw but maybe how does feel to once take them out of the bottom 3 Mark Owen out of it scored 2 goals in 2 minutes to secure a point as West Ham and Brighton finish to all and Crystal Palace beat Wolves to nail we complete this round the fixtures later on Thursday with the big one Manchester City host livable 7 point separate the 2 with Pep Guardiola side in the 3rd following back to back defeats in December despite that there you go again clubs labelled city as the best in the wild you can hear full commentary on 5 Live With build up from 6 30 pm elsewhere Steve Bruce is the new manager of Sheffield Wednesday and finally in rugby union England flying to Sam Underhill could be ruled out of the 6 Nations due to an ankle injury this is B.B.C. Radio 5 Live on digital B.B.C. . Weather rather cloudy in central and eastern England with a few. Them West in Scotland the remaining areas will be mostly clear and frosty highs later on of 6 degrees in London and 5 in Manchester. The holiday spirit the world stock markets roaring up words like. Where the world's 1st trillion dollar company stock market valuation is a rotten apple waited until the close of trading on US markets. And I'm saying that it will make as much as $5000000000.00 less than was forecast for the final quarter of $28009.00. $157.00 each $50.00 less than they were worth in the days of summer. Well Apple said it expected revenue of about $67000000000.00 pounds in the 3 months to the 29th of December that stone from a forecast of about $71000000000.00 Potence in November forecast which had already disappointed investors and there as a result of price sank another 7 percent I spoke to our North American technology reporter Dave Levy and I asked him if air pool was being treated badly by the markets I think very one else 67000000000 pounds would be wonderful wouldn't it but of course investors when they look at the share price they don't so much consider what's happening today they think what might be happening down the line and so the big story from this I think as well as the problems in China is this atmosphere around the i Phone because the i Phone has since its launch been Apple's biggest source of profits it's made it the richest company in the world and any sign of the i Phone is perhaps flagging in its popularity is going to be bad news and I think the decline in the upgrade cycle of the i Phone I.E. The frequency by which people upgrade their phones is what's causing a lot of the headaches here for investors and for Apple because but simply people aren't going to the shop and getting new i Phones quickly enough to sustain the kind of profits and go if that was enjoyed up until now in fact one of the remarkable sights over Christmas in Apple stores if you were to go into one for a shop around was a poster that was advertising a discount on a new i Phone which is something that's never happened Apple never was at a discount for a brand new i Phone as that which the him to I think about that Apple is having to work a bit harder to get people in the door not just in China where the the root of this problem is but in in developed markets as well in the U.S. In the U.K. And elsewhere but let's talk about China though because it isn't Apple not having trouble actually getting his newest i Phones to market in China isn't isn't this the beginning of of the trade war that we've all been worrying about it. And Apple would characterize it as them being in the midst of the trade war than it is simply beginning I mean in this letter that Tim Cook the chief executive of Apple sent to investors he does heavily lay the blame on China and problems in China he goes into the issues that trade tension between the U.S. And China may be kind of trickling down to consumers they were saying and this is a fairly simple metric but an important one they're saying that people are simply going into the stores less often than they had been in the past and that number is continuing to decline and also people weren't going to some of Apple's partners in China to buy Apple products as well and that's you know they say that's something that is a reflection of the mood between the 2 countries but then of course they also say that China's overall economic position at the moment way T.T.P. Is falling considerably is also contributing to Apple's woes and I think what will be interesting right is when the markets wake up again in the morning how much of an impact Apple's problems with China are going to drag down not just of a tech companies but other companies in general because we've been waiting for a while to see when this trade route is going to bites and when it's going to really start affecting the companies that do business in and with China Apple in some respects might be the 1st company to really lay that out in terms that gets the markets worried but I think China for a long time has always been the center of Apple's growth because a time when many many people already had Apple devices in places of the U.S. China was seen as a way to capture brand new customers that were happy to spend a lot of money but sales they've simply fallen off a cliff and so that's the focus off this letter but by no means the whole reason for its problems is a. Number of factors that put apple in this position today and is there any sign Dave that Apple forwards which are of course made in China are going to be more expensive for consumers in the rest of the world when it comes to just the phones separately from the rest of Apple I mean other. The bigger worry that Tim Cook has expressed is that the the strong dollar is having more of an impact on that than any measures that are put in place in China there is a bigger worry and last year Tim Cook raised concerns that some of the tariffs that were being put in placed by both the Chinese and American administrations was going to affect some of the components in their other products but not necessarily the i Phone I think after that happened they were given reassurances that they wouldn't be affected and that the details of that actually went particularly transparent we don't know how that deal was struck so that Apple wasn't a strongly affected but of course one of these companies can do is going to predict the future here because the dispute is still ongoing and many other things may come into the crosshairs one of the things that happened has recently announced to solve this kind of problem is diversify and where it builds the phones recently announced that it's going to have a plant in India to produce i Phones as well as I think they're trying to weather whatever storm there might be coming when it comes to actually getting those devices manufactured and getting them into the hands of consumers everywhere else you know and the way that we would have talked about this you know before the trade war really erupted. There are competitors out there too for apples for some a while away the Chinese company are making a a forward that a lot of people are very impressed by right know but is that breaking into Apple's stranglehold on the market possibly what I think is interesting about that to buy if we have to go back say 3 or 4 months before we saw some of this most recent wobbles from the i Phone The consensus was that rather than breaking into Apple's market what those cheap Chinese phones were doing was hindering the market for say Samsung who were producing the phones on the same operating system but why would doing a very very similar thing but in some cases considerably cheaper and the quality was high as well it did seem there was other. Because of Android phones that we're suffering the brunt of that rather than Apple I think what we're going to see now is an innovation question because you know there's one train of thought that says the smartphone boom is essentially over or at least on on its final curve downwards in terms of popularity because it with a sense is there's only so much innovation you can put now into these small rectangles I think it's fair to say that there's only been incremental improvements over the past say 4 maybe even 5 years compared to the rapid developments in the early smartphones the Great One excited to one of the things that's going to happen over the next year the addition of 5 G. Technology now 5 G. Of course as you might suspect is just for cheaper a lot quicker but also going to neighbor lots of features that currently phones are able to do and it does seem that Apple is going to be slower to having 5 G. Phones out there compared to while away compared to other competitors on Android and so that might be a problem for them because if consumers get excited about 5 G. And it's going to be an awful lot of marketing spent on making that happen or at least attempting to make that happen then Apple could find itself behind but then again Apple has often been sort of 2nd or 3rd to the mark on new products and it hasn't it hasn't hindered them so it's tough to say what I'm trying to say right. And stuff at the top there wasn't it I mean we're we're talking about a company which for most of last year was the most valuable company in the world but but this has to have had an impact doesn't it them on on Apple's value and on the on the sort of general outlook for the behemoths that it is yes I think so and you know when we had those you know very positive stories about Apple become the 1st trillion dollar U.S. Company and it's just doing that extremely quickly thanks to the i Phone one of the concerns that people did have was that relying on the i Phone wouldn't last forever there's there's a cycle to these things and as a dominance these things in the same way. That Microsoft couldn't rely on on Windows forever and had to change its business in order to to stay competitive Apple likewise can't rely on that on the i Phone forever and I think one of the things they have been doing over the past couple years is diversifying their business they've been launching new products of course things like the Apple Watch but also offering what they call their services division so that's things that you know online movie sells online abseiling that kind of stuff different places where they getting revenue so They're not have to rely on one product so much the other that calculation that will concern them I think is that judging by this revised guidance they put out about its earnings this upcoming quarter I think the tail off of the i Phone seems to be happening perhaps a rate quicker than they 1st predicted it might and so there could be a bit of concern in Apple that although they are changing their business and they're making money in many different ways much more than they have done in the past the decline of the i Phone it's happening and at a pace that's come at them it will have some element of surprise the decline of the I 4 you heard it here 1st technology reporter Dave Lee. The new U.S. Congress will be seated later today with the Democrats taking control of the U.S. House of Representatives and it's fair to say that it's chaos as usual in Washington the president met the incoming speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi and the leader of the Senate Democrats Chuck Schumer on Wednesday afternoon but the No 12 day old government shutdown continues anyway to make things a little more annoying for President Trump he's had to cope with an attack by the incoming junior senator from Utah and Farmer Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney in the pages of The Washington Post Mr Romney says the president has not risen to the mantle of the president say and has caused as mayor around the world Mr chump hit back about to eat by saying I won big and he didn't and he also called for incoming Senator Romney to be a team player on the Republican team that is well Aaron Blake a senior political reporter for The Washington Post Hello Aaron it's good to be with you good to good to have you with us too well let's start with with with that meeting if we may between the president and Nancy Pelosi and Chuck Schumer. Hopes Where are well I don't know where hopes were hopes up are tall that this meeting might result in the end of the government shutdown. Well I think that the hope we're just in the way that we haven't really had any talks about this for the duration of the 12 days shut down a combination of the holiday season the fact that we have a new Congress coming in that it was kind of a standoff and there wasn't even much talking going on for the last 12 days Betts got a change now a little bit at least because the Democrats are taking over the house that's could change the dynamic a little bit and certainly now that Congress is being sworn in on Thursday this is something that people are going to be talking about love it more there's going to be a little bit more urgency to get this deal done but judging by what's come out of that meeting so far and where the 2 sides continue to stand be don't seem to be a whole lot closer to any kind of resolution and this is all about Mr Trump's desire to have some kind of a wall on the border with the United States and Mexico is it is it true to say the somebody at least had an idea that might have clued in. That was a possible solution floated. Yeah there are a lot of different ideas one of them is that perhaps there would be some wall funding in exchange for the Democrats getting something that they want like for example a deal for the children of illegal immigrants who are exempted from deportation under the Obama administration a policy that's now been rescinded maybe they would get that on a permanent basis there's been talk of maybe not the high $1000000000.00 that the president has been asking but a lesser number the 2 sides at least rhetorically have not changed their position the Democrats say no money for a wall and Trump has said it must be 5000000000 you know these things tend to drag on for a while and then you know just when it seems like all hope is lost and nobody can come to an agreement one side or the other tends to be caving it's no it's it's rarely something where they meet right the middle and so I think that at least for now both sides seem to think that the other side is the one going to cave and that they don't have to do anything at this point well let's just say we're talking a minute actually to somebody for whom this government shutdown is really imminent the major thing but is there a feeling in Washington that things are beginning to get C.S. . Yeah you know we've had a number of these shutdowns in recent years and a lot of times they are a news story obviously it's something that's very significant for all the federal workers who live in and around lost in D.C. But I think that we've had so many of them in recent years that the shock factor has kind of worn off some I also think that the Trump presidency in general which is included of course Syria controversies and changing the political norms that American society has has less than the value of a touchdown I think you know as with all such down the length is really what changes things as it drags on people become frustrated they may not get the government services that they're accustomed to or needed and it starts to create a little bit more urgency at that point the side which they have the stronger positioning in the shutdown debate may be tempted to fall but I think you know unlike previous shutdowns that we've had there doesn't seem to be quite as much urgency after a couple weeks like there has been in the past well let's say tonight to something that made its appearance in the pages of your newspaper about this time yesterday and that was this column by the incoming junior senator from Utah Mitt Romney attacking the president basically saying that the world is terribly disappointed in him. What's the what's the impact of that call him actually BE Well I think it's it's important because it is the most high profile voice within the Republican Party that has has said the thing certainly we have. Cable news pundits and analysts and even some voices within the Republican Party at a lower level that have said many of these things before but if you look at how. Republicans in Congress have handled Trump they have often been very out of criticizing him because he has such a 40 with the Republican Party base and he can basically turn that base against whoever criticizes him in an instant. Mitt Romney was one of the president's most vocal critics and 2016 during the campaign even after the president looked like he was going to be the Republican nominee and so the question was asked was this campaign for Senate last year. He worked with the Senate seat would he continue in the way he talked in 2016 or would he kind of fall in line like so many of these Republicans in the Congress have we still don't know the answer to that question this is you know that the op ed was somewhat harsh against the president and his character but it wasn't necessarily a full throated denunciation of the president either so I could see a situation in which Mitt Romney find ways to work with the president but also may criticize it from time to time I can also see a situation in which he brings back a lot of that 2016 rhetoric and speaks out in many ways against what the president does because he genuinely does believe that it's bad for the country so we'll have to see from here but you know one op ed where he's about to be sworn into the Senate I think is intended to at least set the tone and and serve notice that he is not just going to go along with what the president wants to do maybe maybe put down a marker Mind you the president doesn't like criticism does he and he reacted pretty strongly. Yeah I think you know any time a big reason that these Republicans are not willing to criticize him is because he will send off a tweet and it will turn the base against these these Senate Republicans who criticize him a really good example of this is Senator Jeff Flake who has been the president was outspoken critic in the Senate for the last year or so he decided to retire because he decided he wouldn't be able to win a primary in the Republican Party thanks to his criticism of critics of the president so. You know I think that the tweet about Mitt Romney from the president was a little bit subdued by the president standards in that he didn't really attack him personally necessarily he said he seemed but he also did call him something of a loser comparing their electoral records which I think for President Trump is a pretty significant flight so we'll see how this relationship. Progresses going forward but certainly you know this is this is his most potentially high profile Republican critic going forward and somebody who could carry that message in a way that people like Jeff Flake and others with less profiles simply haven't been able to carry it on its side I raise the question doesn't it of whether Mr Trump will have any Republican challengers in the primary season 2020 which is. Say only a year away in a. Yeah well we were starting to get the Democratic candidates in the race already and in the last couple of days here. There is very little evidence in the polling of the Republican Party that there is an appetite for anybody to specifically run against him for the nomination I think if there's anybody who could do it it would be somebody like Romney but at this point even Mitt Romney has to look at those numbers and say that you know no matter how unpopular the president might be with the broader American public he is simply not unpopular with the Republican Party base anybody who runs against him is going to run into those headwinds and it's just a very it's a losing calculus right now unless something very significant changes with President Trump and so at this point I would be very surprised to see anybody of significant political weight in the Republican Party take on the president unless he just totally implodes over the next couple of months or if there is some kind of a filing from Robert dollars investigation that that is very adverse and very clear cut Well thank you so much for for being with us and we really appreciate it thank you know we said that we're going to talk to somebody who is already feeling the full force of these government cuts bear in mind that there are a lot of government workers who are simply not getting a federal paycheck not having to make do with use and so on and it's not easy for them nor is it easy for people on federal reservations and we're very happy to be joined by Aaron payment who is a child chairperson of the Sioux tribe of Chippewa Indians of Michigan hello Mr payment. Hello I'm excited to be here Rob very pleased that you're with us now what kind of an impact is this federal government in which as we've been saying is now 12 days old being a having on you and on your people well if we go back to 2013 the government shutdown then cost us about a $1000000.00 and we lost several professional team members including doctors because they didn't realize that their employment was super carious with federal funding currently we blunted the impact to some extent but it's a temporary measure and that our travel council our travel board of directors voted to authorize the use of travel dollars to backfill where we're not receiving the federal dollars the per day cost of the shutdown is about $100000.00 for our tribe and so our reserves and our own obligated or unexpended travel dollars is likely to be depleted before the end of this crisis and this is all going for things like health care and schools as a basic things that people really need. Absolutely so government operations law enforcement can be impacted health care for sure our food distribution program is federal we receive Federal Supply and that will that's going to be interrupted a real critical date is January 15th which is our next federal income drawdown and if it's still the government still shut down then then we are media in a situation where we have to lay people off to furloughs minimize operations to a skeleton crew just so that we can get to operate and of course this is not talking about people's welfare payments or anything like that they continue through a shutdown like this don't. So I'm not really sure how so we don't receive welfare payments to the tribe and some depict the funding we receive as welfare but we say that we prepaid it but we do have one program called General Assistance which is for people who are unemployed that are looking for work and if the shutdown continues and it affects one of the drawdown dates then we won't be able to support those tribal members that are part of that program goodness me so the extends even to the well well well. How many people are we talking about on the Chippewa. TRIBE reservation there on the Upper Peninsula so we're the largest tribe piece of the Mississippi where $43000.00 members and about $16000.00 reside within our service area and there are friends with Michigan and roughly what we have 11000 of those members are clients of our health delivery system and so it's a big impact a very large impact on. And do you do you feel like you're at a light to represent the to is aware of all this I mean do you think that you know you're being had in Washington at the moment. Joe it's interesting because I think a lot of people. Were almost becoming desensitized to government shutdowns because in the end the legislature will vote to reimburse for the money that was not doled out during the time but there are serious consequences for federal employees who have to borrow money or that might vest or mortgage if they're on a land contract or their house they might lose their house so there are very serious consequences I wanted to also make clear there's a difference with the tribes and the states between self governance tribes and direct service tribes governance tribes we contract we receive the funds we provide the services and so in that case we're able to cover the costs and can see those employees however with direct service trucks those are federal employees and in some cases those employees have already been furloughed are laid off and and that's a violation or abrogation of the Treaty of trust responsibility on behalf of the president and I suppose just in conclusion that the loan sharks are cyclically must be lots of people offering kind of payday loans to the tribes at the moment yes I participated in an article in The New York Times and one of the other travel leaders I think it was. Going president of the Navajo Russell a big big a who acknowledged that the loan sharks around their reservation are already lining up and offering people really high interest loans those loans if you missed the covenants and sometimes it's like a week or 2 weeks then they compound at very high rates like 30 percent and so many mean country certainly that would be a way for people to take advantage of our people. Well it's just just a reminder of how precarious situation is of the Indian tribes and the US are very pleased to talk to you Mr payment thank you so much thank you very much for listening. And that brings us to just after half past 1. On digital B.B.C. Sounds strange but this is B.B.C. Radio 5 live here with the B.B.C. News of Giuliano Cassaday 2 men have been arrested in connection with the illegal movement of migrants across the English Channel into the U.K. The National Crime Agency says a 33 year old Iranian and a British man who's $24.00 were detained in Manchester shares in Apple have fallen by more than 7 percent after the company warned investors that its next quarter's earnings will come in about $5000000000.00 below expectations in a letter to shareholders Apple's chief executive Tim Cook blamed weaker sales in China Lincolnshire police are treating the deaths of 2 men and a woman in a fire at a house in Boston as murder detectives say they're confident they know who the victims are and they are not looking for anyone else and sales of C.D.'s plummeted by 23 percent last year as consumers flock to streaming services for their music just 32000000 C.D.'s were sold in 28 seen almost 100000000 fewer than in 2008 and a drop of 9600000 year on year Betty Glover the sport now Manchester United is interim manager only gun associate has joined some Matt Busby in the United history Becks becoming the 2nd manager in the club's history to win his 1st full league games in charge after Manchester United beat Newcastle 2 nail Romelu Lukaku came off the bench and even the scoring with his 1st touch the full Marcus Rushford added the seconds you know we've had a clean sheet in open play every single game and played today finally we could managed to keep a clean sheet on set pieces I don't think they had too many corners or free kicks so I thought we did really well staying my feet didn't give stupid fouls away and performed really really well very solid very professional nothing out of the ordinary Me mother was a 6 goal thriller in the 1st half but. No goals in the 2nd between Bowman what that they share the points on the 3 old rule Southampton have slipped into the bottom 3 despite holding Chelsea to a new droll Bernie and a crucial 21 win over 10 man Huddersfield those 3 points take Sean Dodge's men out of the relegation zone that was the cleric's 2nd win in 3 days and darts says that getting them back without our fair share of 1st starts go against us not so much last year but here before you know we slowly but surely to ourselves and a good sort of it's not as you said one down and then turn it round and come about with 2 goals another chances you know we could a choke that we didn't on the night. I kept on a minute very very difficult Meanwhile Mark Owen out of it school 2 goals in 2 minutes as West Ham brought in finished to old and Crystal Palace beat wills to nail even get only reaction from those 6 Premier League games on the football daily podcast Manchester City manager Pep Guardiola says it feels as are everyone considers them as the underdogs going into the huge much against Premier League leaders Liverpool Guardiola side are in 3rd place 7 points behind that title rivals became paternity for the last you know of course through the years they got to focus the same so everybody asked me the last days of what is going to happen if you lose if you lose if you know everybody counts are going to lose but we're going to try to make our game to talk we need to be there and fight as hard as possible our chance to fight for the Bentley one of City's star players Kevin de Bruyne I was in training yesterday after missing the last game against Southampton the game will be live on 5 Live 5 live Sport starting at earlier times 634 all the best build up elsewhere Kristie implicit has joined Chelsea from barista dormant for 58000000 pounds but he won't play for the cob until next season USA international will be loaned back to do and the rest of this campaign is filled or close to completing. The lung Sonnie of Crystal Palace midfielder Jason Puncheon Dominic's proposed law in me from Liverpool to Crystal Palace has collapsed because of concerns either his fitness elsewhen Rugby Union England Frank Assam on the Hill could be voted out of the 6 Nations to an ankle injury as the very latest from B.B.C. Sport discover the best podcasts with the B.B.C. Sounds like Flintoff Savage and the thing I dislike you just. Listen to the chief in the city. Because the circus is a family from the city we decided to go down the route says having come in on a mistake they know the number one question is how are you going to let go of that piece and say something is getting out says eating well and having confidence in your body download the free B.B.C. Sound and discover the best of B.B.C. Radio 5 Live this is B.B.C. Radio 5 Live on the B.B.C. Sounds cool night with rock shop. The 1st clear images and scientific results from the space probe New Horizons appear to show that the heavenly body known as Old To most thoroughly farmed After retaining cloud of small icy particle started to coalesce eventually to larger bodies formed and spiraled slowly around one another until it touched farming into a reddish object which looks like I think so much as a snowman that early stage of object from ation is something we haven't seen before and it may help us to understand how a disk of gas and dust organizes itself into a structure like our solar system Dr Carey list says an astronomer from the Applied Physics Laboratory at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore has worked on the Deep Impact and as a member of the New Horizons Pluto flyby science team I'm most excited about that we've learned a big part of the story about how you take tiny pieces of dust and gas the stuff. That's between the stars and we're talking about pieces of rocky dust they're thinner and smaller than your hair you can barely see them or actually can barely not see them and we know how to take those and collect them together in a giant clump and make a star the center of that clump and from that also comes a spinning disk and that's what's going to form the planets and of the edge of that disk that are going to form snowballs like the cut proposal objects that the big picture story what we don't know is how we know how you can take those little tiny pieces of dust and some and then gas molecules and we know how to make I see pebbles and i C. Beebies and marbles we do not know how to take the marbles and the bees and put them together and make mountains we know that once we have mountains we can make planets in the real problem we know we have asteroids we know we have comments we know of Kiper about objects they're the size of mountains we've never been able to figure out how do you make those mountains and what you've got an ultimate tool is you've got to Syracuse lobes each of which is individually standing with randomly which we think are from something called publication imagine the dense is thickest hailstorm of icy rocky material you've ever seen suddenly starting just stream together in clumps and we think that we have models for that but what we have in Ultimate though is we have 2 rock ice clumps and we sit and there's picture and we are late people call it rice Noma I mean is that is a useful metaphor for this I mean it does look a lot like a kind of reddish Noma what's in a name if you want to quote your Shakespeare name as a nice thing that to me the important thing is what is the thing doing what is it what is it going to be like when I was going to change but if you want to use the term snowman you think of it as the dirtiest Rocky a snowman you ever met there's no rock in the center like and you know the core if you're really mean person and maybe there's going to snowballs but it's a the what you're looking at is snow that is the dirtiest that's got half Reichen rock and half ice it's got a lot of dirt mixed and it's got a lot of organic credit it's not the pretty white snow you for you play with as a kid but it still is. Loose fluffy snow like material it's mostly actually vacuum 70 or 80 percent porous and the term I use which is slightly different is you're looking at 2 giant ice dust bunnies the things you see on your bed is that that much vacuum in them and what we think and then about the size of mountains and sometime in the distant past we think more than 4000000000 years ago they just very slowly and a few miles per hour came together and they had been orbiting each other for a long time and eventually they hit each other and just the way you would think that they're so loose and so fluffy but also very cold they would just start interpenetrating kind of crushing a little bit and we think that bright line between the 2 series the 2 orbs is just where they crashed and changed a little bit and then it kind of got locked together so imagine it as a very very slow motion giant mountain sized icy dust bunny train wreck not ha right that's that's a great I mean there is this is well now is this thing actually going arrive and in the Kiper Bella's in any recognizable are bit though absolutely it's in it's pretty much in the heart of the Khyber about and it's going in a. Roughly circular orbit around the sun it goes every 3300 years or so around the sun it has been doing that for the last 4 and a half 1000000000 years since its formation since the beginning almost since the beginning the solar system it's very quietly is what we call a cold classical It has never been perturbed by any of the planets moving around Neptune has picked up Pluto and 40 of its brothers and sisters and kind of swept them into certain orbits that move around the sun with it this one never is number been near Neptune it's never been perturbed we think it formed pretty much where it is the most exciting thing that ever happened to it was that it clump together and made you well the snowman or the icy dust bunny trainwreck to beat it to beat that dead horse but yes that's that's actually we think it's happened and it's fascinating you've heard my colleagues say this to realise that because it's been so far from the sun and indeed freeze and it's showing us the roundness is something I keep coming back and back in my maze that. We've been looking at comets for my 1000000 comets for 30000000 comets and mankind got telescopes even for them and we started seeing like the Great Comet I think of that was one of 1768 that was over London Paris you can see pictures of them mankind has been seeing these beautiful things in the sky that show these incredible tales and wondering where they are and what they're doing and we've been watching them and in the last 1520 years we've managed to visit them with spacecraft and that was a revolution and then we got to realize that the heart of these beautiful things that are brush rocks on the sky we actually realize that there was a small mountain size thing that was full of rock and ice and dust and it was coming near the Sun it was boiling away and stuff was getting thrown out emitted and making these giant Komei and the atmosphere in the tails you see what we've never really understood is the actual And we know that the stuff in these common nuclei looks like it could possibly be the wrong recipe from which you make everything in the solar system oh my gosh so this is this is really something this is like the store cupboard for all the planets yes it's we think that what's in the in your most pristine comets was the recipe that built everything in the solar system what we've all been doing with the Rosetta with deep impact with Stardust is visiting comments that have been easy to get to but they've been close to the Sun So they've been baked and boiled and processed and changed with cultivate to lay here you've got something that's formed in place and formed from the same recipe and it never got put in the oven and we should keep on conflict kept almost everything that it started with and you can see the reason you can tell that is because it's got these 2 round balls and that's the way you'd think you'd just make a little bit little comment out in the middle of nowhere you just make silly create stuff and you just around thing now the red cup or have you ever cooked and everybody's done this I too may have cooked and sometimes every now and then you burnt something in the kitchen Sure OK everybody catalyzes doesn't it so it goes kind of bright color right it turns to your pretty much a brownish reddish blackish color and it gets if you look at it with a spectrometer or carefully if you make a thin it's going to be kind of brownish red. You can burn stuff in space with would ultimately so far away you're not going to burn it with heat radiation but you can burn it with cosmic rays you can burn it with X. Rays and ultraviolet from the sun the cosmic rays come from the galaxy all the other stars there's other ways to burn things but it's the same process you're taking some organic material and you know that in a kitchen it can be sugar it can be steak it can be vegetables but if you burn or if you heat it hard enough it's going to turn into a black reddish mess that's sort of what we think is happening here is that that's a natural process when you hear my colleagues and we've been talking with definitely red We're not surprised by that but we don't know what kind of material is turning red and that's something we really are a little poke at and that's what our spectrometers that give you detailed information on what kind of different chemicals are in the mix that's what we're waiting on next Tell us about your spectrometer has new horizons taken all the data it can take a matter of getting it back to you or is new horizon still collecting data. If it's the former it's what you said basically all our real all the information all the really really good data happened when we were on top of the object and that's within plus or minus a day and that's that's already come and gone and the rest of what's happening now is that we have the worst connection since dial up to the satellite because it's 4000000000 miles away and only has so big an antenna we couldn't want to die an antenna because we only have so much mass we can put on Iraq in order to get out places fast so we get less than a kilobit per 2nd download and if you think about it a picture on your take on your cell phone is about a megabyte or megabit so it takes a 1000 seconds which is also known as one 3rd of an hour or 20 minutes just to get one picture down and we have hundreds of thousands of pictures and spectra So we're going to take more than a year to get all our information down so we have it all and one of the things you're seeing just now this very 1st high resolution image is a compromise we had to make sure all to me was in the frame we're trying to figure out what were the cream of the crop of our images but something we could get down quickly but would all. To make sure that we actually are have the object in our spectrometer in our camera field of view and so we purposely took relatively far away big images where there's lots of empty space but absolutely going to be in the image and that's what we've sent down 1st and that's what you're hearing about right now but we know that we're even better they're going to be 10 times better resolution and 10 times closer spectra taken and we're going to get them down over the next the 1st ones over the next few months and we're going to be better and better stories about what we're learning something happened with Pluto we took 16 months to get all the Pluto information almost like opening a new president every day. Amazing the enthusiasm of the total list is just fantastic that's Carolus who is an astronomer at the Applied Physics Laboratory at Johns Hopkins University Well a protest been continuing. Temple a Hindu temple in the in the in the state of Carolina on Wednesday all because 2 women there to step inside I've been hearing more and why from a poll my condom is something that you've looked at before I mean you wrote it it's been a story that's been bubbling under bubbled over I think as well many times now this summer less Shine which is in Kerala in south India it is one of the most famous temples in southern India it's a big pilgrimage side but they have always had a rule there that if you're a woman between the ages of 10 and 50 you not allowed in that that was the rule that they had in place that they didn't want to tempt the celibate God who resides in that temple that is that is according to the temple authorities this increase in court last year decided after a case had been brought by a number of women that that was just not possible and they instructed that women should be allowed in but even after that simply in court judgment. The route to the temple was was lined with protesters who just wouldn't let women between 10 and 15 again in some attempted there's a very famous woman who'd also it until another Hindu temple becoming the 1st woman to do so who flew in to carry for my last tour of the Indian state immodestly willing buyers she couldn't even leave the airport because the police said to look we cannot guarantee you your safety so don't leave the airport or the thousands of people waiting outside for and so she went by but now we've seen these 2 women been do and. Who are in their forty's make it to the temple and they've made it with the help of the state government because basically they were taken into the temple in the early hours of the morning by a small but handpicked team of policemen who smuggle them in through a pre-designed route that actually avoided the so-called 18 holy steps that the women who were in all black attire which is traditionally associated with the pilgrimage of many men who go in there were baggy clothes and also have their heads covered so that some of the protesters who were around couldn't tell that they were women and that's how they've actually made it in so a very significant moment in the history of that temple and I think an important moment you know when it comes to India and the Supremes court because it's taken many days for them to get an why do the woman actually want to get me the 1st such prejudice against them or what is it about the temple that makes a want to worship or. I think from a lot of interviews that you've heard with the women who are trying to get in is it's about equality you know they want to be able to practice their faith in the same way as the men who go to that temple because it is supposed to be so was precious and what we're seeing in this temple you know we've seen and other temples in the country which traditionally have prevented women from coming in and I think it's also part of a bigger movement in India where women are beginning to ask questions you know many women when they're on their menstruation cycle in India are supposed to not visit temples and a lot of women and I say well why is that the case who says that this is not the case is this a religious religious edict or is it something that is developed over time which shouldn't be there so I think it is part of that movement and I also think that a lot of women when they saw the Supremes called India ruling that the rules of the temple were not were not valid and when against the rules of the country fell that if the law was there to protect them then why shouldn't they go in I think what's going to be interesting to see is now living huge protests insistent place and the temple authorities in defiance of the courts basically as soon as they found out that these women had got in because of course there were media interviews except for afterwards and those confirmation came from the chief minister's office they then began of purification ceremony of the temple tearing everybody out and purified it because women had been in there I think what we're going to have to see for now is how long the protest last and how many more women are going to trying to get in to the temple but I think what we've seen here is a big shift in the State Government's policy because before they seem to be opposing the Supremes court's rulings now they've actively helped women get inside . It was a rough year of the stock market as we know. But strangely enough of a gold as usual saying and stop gold sales and India which has been a great gold market are not that great why not I think there are a number of factors here but let's start with I think the 1st big factor you know we're going through wedding season in India we've just come out of the religious holidays we're going to talk a bit about that later and within some of those Hindu festivals like they have done to address you know many people will go on buy gold because it's seen as auspicious to buy gold in that particular day even on that pain in there this year sales were down. There's been a change in the law which means in the old days before the monetize ations something we've spoken a lot about you could spend as much money on coal through cash now there's a limit it's around 2 lakh rupees which you know it's about I think 2 and a half 1000 pounds and that's also had a big impact but the biggest impact is that young women in India and traditionally during the wedding season is the peak time for gold because you know girls when they getting married or decked out in it are going to weddings where they could hardly move Rob because they're wearing so much gold don't want to wear it anymore I just got mad that I've ordered it I'm going to die what did your mum say did she say where some will go yeah she was like you have to very go along with it I was like you know I get out you have set your mom. I feel it doesn't suit me as I'm in my complection on my way to avoid about we're much bothered about diamonds like that I have laid bare didn't say that who are dishonest I personally don't feel so. So diamonds are a girl's best friend even and then there is this this is a cultural thing I mean Court is a complete generational shift I think there are a number of factors you know about this I think firstly even some parents now feel traditionally you know in India as soon as the daughter was born people would start buying gold that they would wear on the wedding day it was also seen as an investment for them because you know the dairy even though it's illegal is still very common in India that is start now you know people have bank accounts and they're giving their daughters other things they may give them money towards a house exactly so I think the need for balance has changed which is a big cultural difference and and I think also even in villages where people would hold gold because they didn't have access to bank accounts that is now changed because so many people have opened up bank accounts in the last 4 to 5 years it's one thing that I think the prime minister has managed to do in India is increase the access to the banking system which means you don't have to stock everything in your in your in your house in gold anymore and the impact of this on 2 lives is huge in India every every city you go to this to list on every corner almost like an Indian restaurant in the in the U.K. And they are suffering badly I've been speaking to punk and Spartak He's from the Indian jewelers Association he says it's been a band here it's becoming that for by the city usually people. Got money less and less or number $2.00 money derision is there it's definitely not good good to be a good year the difference marginal could be in the difficulty very difficult or less difficult but it's going to be difficult it depends from general to do a little but yes anywhere from 5 to 25 percent is down. So that's a big difference no obviously makes a huge hole in the jewellers bottom line so is that is that feeding back to the average household I mean in terms of investment no people don't really want to hold gold the same way that they did you know not anymore not not at all anymore you know there's also I think safety concerns people have known for a long time that you know people have lots of gold in their house and that does make them targets for the robber exactly but I think you know there is now a new more educated generation who are asking the question well with banks with other investment models out there saying they're saying to their parents you don't need to put everything in gold and actually he feel even the gold rather than going from one generation to the next as it has done in the past when going to sell it off anyway so then buy it whether I want to hope it cause I might work. Maybe that's the way for you to start in a new turn. Let's talk to Bobby also at the Huffington Post Hello Bobby Hello Rod How are you oh very good very good so everybody watched the Democrats met President Trump. To talk about the border wall apparently. As we know that didn't go terribly well now and you think. Congress you know with the last election a lot of Democrats were. Elected into the House of Representatives and that turned it from being controlled by the Republicans to being controlled by the Democrats so it does give the it does split the Congress and gives Democrats a little more control so with the new Congress session starting tomorrow Trump had 8 of the top leaders from Congress Democrats and Republicans come to the White House to talk about quote unquote border security which of course to try means the border wall and funding for the boarding border wall and that refusal of Congress to put those funds into those government spending bill has caused this shutdown that we've had for about 12 days now and the meeting did not go well that with the 2 Dutch top Democratic leaders Nancy Pelosi and Chuck Schumer came out of the meeting saying that they were united they are not going to vote for funding for the wall which would would be about 6 $1000000000.00. The it's it's a lot of money isn't $6000000000.00 at least it used to be and it looks like this impasse is not going to end it looks like we will have a government shutdown in the United States for the forseeable future because there doesn't seem to be a break on the Republican side either to try to come up with a compromise measure or news. Well. There was also a cabinet meeting and the president was in as usual expansive form a probably. Yes I mean it's sort of it's sort of interesting that he referred to it as a cabinet meeting because apparently he gathered. Members of his administration together but he according to reports he spent an hour and a half talking about his complaints against. General Mattis who just left his defense then except for Terry complained about senator the late Senator John McCain and some of the votes that that he didn't like that he had done and one of the usual things that came out in the meeting. Was that Trump said that he thought that Russia should invade Afghanistan again. And I'm not and everyone is you know sort of like we're not sure we're not sure we're here that right. So yeah it was an interesting day and it'll be interesting to see what happens when the new Congress is seated tomorrow when we do see a divided Congress that is not going to be as amenable to Trump's wishes and the Democrats will have more power at the table than they did today. And just tells very briefly about the man who was jailed in the mall in Iowa what what was his offense what I thought all of your money Python fans would appreciate that a man in to Point Iowa went into a convenience store and got into an argument with another person in the store and the clerk at the convenience store tried to intervene and apparently this man who had started the fight attacked him with a banana. And apparently chased him around the store throwing a banana and a bunch of other items police finally came arrested the guy they said that he caused. Damage and I won't say anything about him appealing. Apparently he said. Thank you very much. For. 5. Years and 5 lives this all rests a made in connection with trying to cross the Channel and in school to wins out to fulfill. Some. People are being questioned on suspicion of illegally helping migrants cross the Channel into the U.K. And Iranian national who's $33.00 and a 24 year old British man were arrested in Manchester last night in the federal workers in the US system don't know when they'll get the next wages the partial government shutdown ends into its 12th day and a White House meeting to reach agreement on the funding President trombones for his Mexican border wall Democrat Chuck Schumer is the Senate minority leader we asked the president to support the bills we support that will open up government we asked him to give us one good reason I asked him directly why you should continue your shutdown of the 8 cabinet departments while we are debating our differences on homeland security he could not give a good show as an Apple have fallen by more than 7 percent after the company warned investors that its next quarter earnings will come in about $5000000000.00 below expectations the companies blamed weak sales in China fewer customers also chose to upgrade their i Phones as well the M O D says the military hardware deployed to Gatwick Airport to deal with the drone chaos is. Being withdrawn around the thaw and flies rather cancelled or diverted before Christmas following a number of sightings downloads and streaming services Nikon for more than 70 percent of revenue in the music and video industry figures in the entertainment Retailers Association sure the multimedia spending is only increase but it's moving away from the high street is a technology correspondent Rory Kaplan Jones whether it's for music.