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Afro Caribbean music industry and it was here really that everything was spread throughout the remainder of the country and well beyond London which of course home to Trojan records palm records and pretty much every other record label of note that it's promoted Africa be a music in the U.K. . Not. This a lot of these media the mainstream introduction to Jamaica music in the U.K. Was really my boy lollipop by Millie Small. And. She came over from Jamaica in the early sixty's and recorded the track in the U.K. And was amongst the 1st Jamaican Afro Caribbean artists to have commercial success outside of the Africa band community my body public a huge hit and got massive radio airplay was a massive hit number 2 in the U.K. And a big hit all around the world. So that this is the entry point for most people I've known Afro Caribbean heritage to discover music from the Caribbean after that scar music developed you had a lot of artists in the U.K. Such as Jimmy James and I got all these originally R. And B. Band and a number of U.K. Based. From Jamaica Freescale started off from the Jamaican sort of gets I really came from sound system culture that was in the late fifty's early sixty's there were a number of huge influential hugely influential Jamaican produces such as to create and Cox and Delta and they would carry their sound systems around on the back of trucks around Jamaica playing originally American R. And B. I mean sound of R. And B. That was most influential or most popular amongst make an audience is was American rhythm and blues a certain style people like Roscoe Corkey Fats Domino were particularly popular and made a lot of their records emphasize the back beat and that would develop into ska. By the early sixty's. After scar by $66.00 came rock steady and Rock Steady really was essentially scar half tempo and so that was the next development in terms of Jamaican music and after that came regulate which was around the middle of the $68.00 the 1st reggae record is thought to be do the reggae by the made to us led by 2 separate but around this time all the old the artists were just having success in Jamaica a lot of the muscling in the U.K. And having success here playing around claps initially pyramids had trying to Rainbow City was a big hit in the U.K. The B.'s had a hit with Swan Lake and so you had a number of acts here and they'd help sort of popularize reggae in the U.K. Prince bus that would come over regularly perform but reggae really as I say sort of took off from 960 on what's. And then that was the year that Trojan records came into being Trojan records was formed in the summer of 9068 I really became the main outlet for reggae music in the U.K. And they were based in north west London in the eastern lane and it was from there that they sort of pumped out a huge amount of Jamaican music reggae hits by pretty much every Jamaican artist of note 29689075 had over 30 chart hits which is some considerable doing for what started out as a small independent record label operating from a ramshackle warehouse in the east and lying Trojans 1st chart here was a song called Red red wine. And it's performed by a former gospel singer Tony tribal Tony Moss up and he had previously performed with a number of gospel groups in the U.K. And that was in the summer of 9069 and after that as I say charge and had a number of major hits but their 1st number one was they even had so Collins double barrel. And the magnificent. For sure. Oh. Hi My name is Trouble star guitarist from Kingston Jamaica and I'm up to date went on to call in Ben and hi hello my name is Dave Barca OK Dave Collins you know and more I'll tell you we're here right here in Carnaby Street you know shops all mighty Yes there you know it's nice to come back to Carnaby Street you know out of time I feel a bit emotional on you know going back to the were in twenty's beer we used to rave remember you know my night you know the 1st time it came the good days met we landed in there and we will we will brought Stuart to Carnaby Street there were in 2120 S and it was amazing the people was excited to see you know yeah me to know us you know the ball just drinks the middle of the loan and we don't have a thing was that phone man wonderful you know the you know and. The musicians that you know and. You sang oh you know it was good to see some of my friends and was here before us that the pioneers there were. Days Monday and you know. We saw it on tour so let me came up it was like oh man I try to this was the 1st black club so we didn't have much places to go you know I mean yeah he's he's very emotional for me you know oh. What was to put a pop so you you know when it came up I missed a Top Of The Pops show you know you would have done one scene he's up Top Of The Pops and but he was with some different guys you know among some of that make up and this is what he sent for me or was it for you you know come in team didn't and interrupt but it pops you know it was a very very strange experience for me because coming from. Jamaica and I says as as I said before we're not used to that sort of environment it was very strange simple reason why when we were rushed to the B.B.C. To appear on top of a pole and we were in the B.B.C. Compound and when we were called out to do. You know because that time they did a test run and I was I was bumping into guys like Roger Cliff Richard all the other people. Now is this real you know I'm I really you know you know we've got a long story short it was a wonderful experience but I must say this next People's was very new to me strange I was extremely nervous but in the nervousness I was still very very excited. Over. Here we went to Joe Gibbs studio and they played a trick for me I was on the microphone Buster Riley Winston right about a stood next to me and I played a trick and I just can feel it but it's going to feel the trick because I'm used to the what ever do to. Come to get my brother you know you know and I couldn't get the field. Who stood next to me by the microphone listen to me Dave just imagine you on the I use mountain in the world and you feel like a giant you feel mighty and has he said that this came to my brother oh it and the magnificent and I'm back from the shack of a soul both with the most honoring storming sounds of soul and that was. The Magnificent. Sure. Oh. I was among a group called the sensations join the Osborne and guys like that and one night we were on West Street and the phone rang in sight and rushed in got the call came back out looking very ecstatic and with what he said to was guys that was the call from troll England longer saying that we need to jump on the plane like now to come to England because Dubai is on its way to the number one slot. After that charge and continue to have success in 974 can build the birds everything I own became a number one hit there were people like John Holt who's help me make it through the night also became a massive hit in 975 around then you had number of groups that were based in the U.K. Such as Greyhound particularly massively successful with things like Moon River black and white I am what I am and they help sort of spread the message further within the U.K. But 995 church and went bust and trojans wake followed a number of other independent label us with Island Records obviously promoting Bob Marley in the Wailers but they also promoted U.K. Based tax people like Clinton Kweisi Johnson ass wired and still pulse and it was then really who took reggae in the U.K. To the next level. By their I mean Brinsley forward possibly you know me as the lead singer of the U.K. Reggae band as sort of. The. And some of you know me from times before while I was 10 and things like double deckers and police all just sitting back and my recollections of a reggae music as I would should really say probably. Listening to the music that my parents would play at parties and obviously it wasn't really reggae then there was different types of music that they would play at the parties. In school I think a good friend of mine name of. His brother Prince had a sound system and I would. You know we'd be very young that but that was the music we really started to. Get became the shoulder of of music that we called it at that time it was blue it was between the. Judge Dredd kind of times. I remember there was a track there was a track that came out got my sensitivity and it was about Farai and things like that and I had a small sound system myself and I was a great fan of but Molly in the way was I mean I loved the music they were doing at that time that was really the pretty really Stacey would go and you'd buy the records and he'd play all these labels that came from Jamaica but they wouldn't have any names on them and I remember having like 7 cuts of small acts and one day while working in. Both places I saw this figure walking towards me a very pale faced on his chest and as he came closer it was hard to believe but I suppose she repeated. You know Peter Tosh nice to cut a long story short the way lists had come to work with Johnny Nash which was in the sons of jungle they were called the kings of that time they stayed all of them in the house and they was funny. Family man Byron said was the whole the whole bad and they had problems with visas so they did do some rehearsals but at the house they had no instruments or anything so fortunately I had guitar and guitar and some things and I had previously been playing the junior English. And I spent a lot of time jamming with you know myself and family travel that was the 1st time I heard the who I believe was one of the amazing sensations of the music we went to see I write I believe in Croydon and a lot of the music that is made nowadays East is really basically a copy of that form of music. And. The place that was there was buttons in Cricklewood Broadway and I spent many a nights in Cricklewood and that's a place that you know the. Old. Not so different sound systems which would come and he would listen to all of this music that was playing there I think in the U.K. Music generally the sound systems there were a lot more clubs that you'd go could go to and hear reggae music. In those days we had the situation where you in a club you would have. Plane would be the sound system and the group would probably use speakers. In normally when the. Didn't have the same power that the sound systems did and this was one of the things that I think the 1st to do take. I remember there was several times that the band comes on and the sound system was. Turned on and turn up but suddenly. Kick in and they had to stand back. And I think things were changing. What had happened that week before or something that had just happened and gave their opinion and I believe that was the difference with us within the community. About the things that have affected what we would go in through in the early days obviously. You know the black situation we were all young British born young men and later on I think during the times 3 day week. When things started to really change I think in the U.K. We started to find that people came and said I can identify with what you're saying you know that was that's the time when people started not to be able to just come out and find an apprenticeship and just go straight into it things started to get more dark in the U.K. And then after a comment that was made by a well known musician they started rock and rock. Platform. Everything to have a voice and I believe that was one of the building blocks of where we are today because it meant that 50000 people who would not have listened to reggae before suddenly now. In the same place and listening to a bit of reggae and then listening to a bit of this and. Like that I can I can go with. Obviously we know the things changed a lot and we started to have more music in the in the charts music that was made in the U.K. Was not seen as. Music in hindsight I look back and realize that groups like a lot of those bands were trained jazz musicians because of maybe the quality of the recording in England we didn't hear all the chords that they were using and so we would grab the initial chords and just play around on. This kind of English music wasn't authentic but we had a good hit. It was one of those things I didn't know where to place as we had gone to Island Records so our distribution was probably a lot better than the norm. That was many many more tracks. The track would have been. And was voted number one on the at that time it was Capital Radio that was just out there Warren Street I remember a good friend of mine her brother was Daley Thompson British athlete and his sister Tracy was a big fan of George Michael I managed. A show before the Wembley show in Brixton so I took her to see the show and afterwards we waited outside the dressing room you know so she could just say hello and suddenly the door opened and George Michael came out running out and started congratulating us on. And he told me that when Andrew had a bad kid school music had been touching lots of musicians that he probably would never. Another kid. Was I remember. Wanted us to record a track The 1st Cut is the deepest and Jermaine from Jamaica of the Pentonville studio fame he came over and he had this I listen to it and I thought. Tina Turner that would be a fantastic hit the same kind of. Got to do with it we had a little bit of problems at 1st it was put on the number 2 label island and for those who remember the. Music was soul kind of totally different and a track would be released and we all gathered around on Sunday to listen to the highest because a track would take a lot longer to climb up the charts and it would be sold and then you would have the D.J.'s going right and number 2 this week. Every week we had the highest climb we had. From like 32. And finally we had the number one it was one of those moments that you dream about as a young musician and it also caused another situation that we had played for many years I mean we started in 75 and this was 1906 and a lot of the young managers at different had seen us in their student days and a lot of the young employees the young girls thought we were a brand new band so we had this clash where the number one record was known by all of the managers and all of the young people this is a brand new band and I'm sure you know the song it was. And dub came after the initial wave of Reggae Reggae was initially a dance form of music much in the way that Motown and Stax a popularized black music in the U.K. And in America so reggae really was was of the same so V.D.M. It really just was to dance to and forget your troubles of the day don't forget that the people who were creating this music came from very harsh backgrounds largely and it was music to try and escape just the hardships of life both in Jamaica and of course in Britain where they faced racial problems as well as the hardships of actually trying to make a living so after the initial wave of reggae the popular forms that really arose were roots and dub roots really emphasized the problems the social problems dub really was a creation from the studio people like King Tubby who took mixes of tracks and remakes them to form amazing sounds sort of breaking up the bass taking out instruments bringing them back in again and that really became a joiner in its own right so while reggae bands were popularizing reggae in the U.K. You also had sound systems are also following the tradition that originated in Jamaica so you had people like Josh ACA. Josh back it was a hugely influential sound system operates have roots originated from really the Jamaican ghettos it was a way of voicing the discontent of everyday life and hardships of living in Jamaica and of course those same hardships were echoed in the U.K. Even more so because here artists and people about pro Caribbean descent faced racial discrimination and that obviously was another level of happiness and dissatisfaction among sea Afro Caribbean community so where was obviously Jamaican artists were very much concentrating on Jamaican situations you had people I still pulse password Linton crazy Johnson emphasizing not just those issues the issues that face the Afro Caribbean people in the. On a day to day basis so that had a profoundly influential effect on this that followed. Lovestruck really originated as a backlash in some ways to roots and culture it was a throwback in a way to rock steady where the emphasis was really on more romantic matters again it was an escape from the everyday hardships of life for many people who started really amongst be artists such as John aka Carol Thompson who started singing about romance rather than how problematic it was living in Britain or in Jamaica. And I took the music to another level and really it was one of the few British Afro Caribbean music styles that actually was exported back to the Africa Caribbean community. Suddenly you had Jamaican artists pretty McGregor John Holt of the like you were calling songs of a similar ilk in high demand success with the Lovers Rock started in the early seventy's I suppose but it wasn't really told the late seventy's that it came into its own and became recognized as a style that was the rub lovestruck label that I started to people like that is a bell with hugely influential Brian Harris in the middle and Spurs again extremely influential in promoting the style popularizing in the U.K. So by the early eighty's it was really the British reggae style that most people are familiar with. M R It's kind he said and I were patrolling records and the influence of gospel music is hugely important it's been clear once pretty much every effort Caribbean music style that has originated says influences can be heard in don't break a calypso mento you name it I think it's influence over the. Is this really being overlooked but it's been a very very important part of Africa being culture and of course provided a main part of everyday life for many Africa being people living in the Caribbean and in the U.K. . Ready is the only. We see. There's always been a number of popular gospel groups in the U.K. Since the early sixty's they came from all over the Caribbean in Jamaica you had people artists right who's from records very popular here Jackie Edwards was another artist who recorded sacred songs for Island Records in the early sixty's and continued to cope gospel music over the years that followed and of course there was the family group from Trinidad coat the singing Stuart's who were again very very popular here Tony tribe who I mentioned earlier who secular hit with Red Red Wine started out performing in a number of local groups so gospel was continue to remain popular in the eye for Caribbean community since the sixty's and well beyond up to the present day or of course it's implements now can be heard in popular music and Cintra staying the course that a Caribbean gospel group performed at the royal wedding this year. Hello my name is Sandra Goard Les I'm a gospel singer born in Bristol but London for me is the place where I sing an awful lot also broadcast of the B.B.C. Carpentry and workshop and also for you C.B. Radio I love what I do and I find myself now looking back at my history the rich history of gospel music influencing me from a very small age I was brought up to go to church like many Jamaicans and then. My parents have come over in 2 in the wind generation and yes I was born here with my brother and grew up going to church every Sunday and I watched and I ended up copying a lot of what I could see happening at the front which was gospel singing so I continued to watch and then decided I wanted to see myself and found myself singing in my local church and loving it. But I have to say the turning point for me when I realized that wants to do more was seeing the I guess the rock the rising up. To gospel choir they were very significant to me because they were able to cross and they were also able to give a message outside of the church I felt that that was something I wanted to copy and replicate and I've seen lots of different genres come out of cost music and actually looking back now I think it's been a good thing so I look at styles like crime I look at rap and hip hop and I realize actually they're just a different expression in music and that's been refreshing particularly because I've got 2 children who for them this kind of expression of gospel music is more appropriate and they love a. Step in their. Xero. Steve Smith the author of the book British black gospel the foundations of his vibrant U.K. Sound this is my 1st book I was inspired to write this book whilst on holiday in America in the late ninety's it occurred to me that in the timeline of British history following the wind direction the late forty's there was no such documentation of the history of gospel music in Britain in America yes but not in Britain so my inspiration came from the fact that there was there was nothing nothing to fill what I felt was a cultural educational and inspirational space gospel music is spiritual it's vibrant it's uplifting and I think people need to hear about it. I. See. The cost of the late great Nelson Mandela as I walked into the center he represented civil rights equality and gospel music there's an element of that in every style gospel music where you're pushing toward equality for all by definition gospel music means good news so in Britain it's important that this style of music I feel finds its place. I. Was dying to spur of the Gospel funk band that formed around the late seventy's but produced a single called One Mind 2 hearts that reached the outer edges of the top forty's gospel fond of the time it was looked down on by the established church that felt that it's these artists possible artists and taken the music too far that they had basically crossed over they classify the music feel like as the devil's music so the influences of gospel and of a secular styles of music one not accepted by traditionalists in the church so paradise and took their influences from groups like Hope Wind and Fire felt that they would take in the music to a wider level whereas the more established members of the judge felt that what they were dealing with was controversial. A female solo artist R. And B. Artist signed a record deal with Virgin Records in 1988 the 1st of its kind and the 1st British artist to sign a major record deal she performed a track called Intervention wish I was gospel but also political undertones which is quite interesting but it's time so you're moving away from if you like pure spiritual output singing to the converted to somebody here that has a more social conscience and a role to incorporate that into a song so gospel is now morphed into if you like a. Ballad music that was a concern and not so much for converting or preaching about with address any socio economical conditions. Folk music from the Caribbean has also had a profound influence on the British music scene really but in a very sort of almost subversive why there were a number of artists that started out who sort of Malaysia made their mark as reggae styles for example who started performing reggae people like Laura I can't you had many many hits in Jamaica and then in the U.K. When he came over in the early sixty's he was another so a lot of these singers sort of started out as pope performers and there was an influence of music that can still be heard in the music from the Caribbean either be it Calypso or reggae or Rocksteady else God One of the most evident power and influence is a folk music really was through the spinners which were a multi-racial group and they popularized the number of songs and they found sort of mainstream success for the number of hits regulars on British T.V. Throughout the sixty's and seventy's but aside from the spinners there were other artists who were still promoting folk music in the U.K. One of the other groups who had significant success throughout this time whose roots really rimfire and to some degree American arm Bay with the Southland as and I had a hit with Mall in a hollow. Goods. As. A . Child. It takes. Me. I. Live here after a Caribbean artists are continue to influence our popular music in the U. Well beyond in the seventy's its influence could be heard in the development of punk or is pretty much take care of the same message which was anticipation and turned social inequalities were highlighted after that you had artists like us would still pulse Maxie priest taking the music into the charts but more recently things like grime and dubstep where which is more evident really the influence and it also tends to be created and performed by people about her Caribbean heritage finding this young warrior son of reggae legend. Many people may know my father for is basically a very big song called Babylon by Johnny Clarke also as one charge and number one would be prophecy by Fabian these are soundtracks to break a new 6 most definitely opportunist about 5 albums now and about 4 singles which has been great to have produced the album with Sister beloved principal rock away and also various album called free one to my music is very intergenerational I still in my music keep the old school sound but with a new school digital sound some more up tempo how if I use in the chords and the feeling of the seventy's. My grandparents are Jamaican they were one of the 1st wave of immigrants here in the U.K. The very last generation my grandfather he worked for Ford in Dec and my grandma far was a devout Christian who set up a church in Africa run for the local Jamaican residents who didn't wasn't really current to the mainstream churches it's been amazing that I've managed to hear so many influences and have many people implemented me because my father of the seaplane a sound system listen to a lot of music in his spare time and was always playing music so I got to know artists like Dennis manual Brown Fred Lux quick. Sex burnin spear a lot of the modern day artists also Johnny Clarke Willie Williams a lot of studio and a lot of studio one a lot of 2 creed music a lot of Augustus Pablo Hugh Mundell a lot of music from the seventy's influences me and I'd love and I still play now. There is a song by summer I called bullfrogs I'm black and that is a remake song up to the modern day produced by rule the off stone love sound system sound system is basically a glorified kind of discotheque So it's a P.A. System C. Have your speakers you have your mics are which we call a preamp you have obviously your wires you have your sound effects and we bring our sound system in a van many people do quite large and you say up all around of the whole venue which we have and you play your music or whether you're playing fine or or you're playing CD or some people played that tape and it runs from 10 till 6 in the morning or 10 till 4 and these are basically large scale kind of parties where people come and enjoy themselves a sound system party is not like any other party the vibe is very positive it's very peaceful there's maybe a lot of people how where we are message is off Peace and Unity said people that come here are coming for cultural experience many people may have not been to a reggae offend but as you can see and hear from our music it's very positive music we don't have violence we don't have to like step ins we don't have anything like that we have people who come together to also network meet each of our main goal learn about other people's cuisine and food we serve food we serve cultural food as well to feed them food we sell I talk food and we try to stay away from the alcohol selling our fault we have to use more than they didn't use so they do have alcohol and we have a good time and it's about re-energizing the people to kind of have a never you know fight on to have another day wipe your burdens off of your shoulder tonight just have a good time. My music I make is a mix as in And also it's mixed generational my music is very digital it's very up tempo However I try to keep the sound and the feeling of old school so when people hear music that I would you say definitely no it's myself growing up I grew up in the ninety's so I listen to people like Mr That was my time you K.G. You know I listen to Wiley I listen to D.C. Rascal I listen to Craig David I listen to all of these people which still influence me now from a bass guy's jungle all of these these types of music influenced me because it's my generation I wake up every day in the daydream believer in the My Life A wasting away Mom just listening to these types of music in composition and it comes out within the music that I produce today it's very different and you can hear the influences anybody that produces music that listen different drummers you hear in their music and my music like I said is mixture integration of keeping the heritage but also keeping up front right here today obviously we have producers like artful dodge us shy affects a lot of these guys they created like very big standards for you Katie in the U.K. Which is U.K. Garrett guy was made by the U.K. However moving on from that you Dan had produces then come in and make dubstep now dubstep is a mix of both their reggae and the U.K. G. And grime and brought more slowed down so it's actually moved 3 times the music has been influenced by every generation that comes along they make their own interpretation of the music however I still keep in the main trait of reggae music the heavy bass line pianos the samples the effects the sirens the echoes the delays and you also see people like David even in his dance music using the same thing Britney Spears all of the nowadays are using these same techniques which one ever F.R. Import music it was on the underground music but now they using it in chart music now I've heard many samples. Inchoate music from my father's dances which I like audio clip is a little sound effects and it's amazing to hear that underground is going to the mainstream and not the mainstream people of money to the mainstream it's only a big take for our culture but. Hey my name is really the size of most playschool Bristol is West Country just about 120 miles down the road from London is a place which is full of culture for those who don't know I'm Paul the jungle and German bass I'm lucky enough to have been able to plough music over the last 20 years some of these tunes Some people know for those who do know me don't know Brian paperback . The rhythm a delves a brown paper. Major rhythms get grates on their rhythms they get grades the property pauper in Bristol was such an exciting time for me back in a is I remember watching this film called Babbitt on this film changed my life there were 2 movies I changed my life there was Babylon and there was war style lost I was like the boys in hip hop feet see great dance in detail and in scratch him babbling on the sound system it was a group of black guys each person would have their role in sound system and they would hire a van and they would build these speakers and they would take them to anywhere which they could and they just play sound system and pay music all night long with on show us what we want to do We made a sound system ourselves with a laser tronic me my cousins we built boxes with my brother we play in sound caches ourself it was crazy time my most memorable night ever was sitting down I was too young to go out and sit in down the home and listening to David Goldberg verses. And it was live on the radio it was an amazing event it was this clash of clashes and there was there was a certain point in the in the clash where David just drools for this one chewing by Wayne Smith called slang Tang and baseline comes in. Too. Little too kills him you know for they would vote against this guy it's good to Jamaica and go on the own turf and to play against these guys and so when it was incredible it was the best school to ever go to for someone like myself for him for a junkie list this isn't about show for I've always got imprinted in my mind. And not play in. The jungle and John Bass is a hybrid music is a music that's been influenced from so many genres from hall cool to techno to house music all these different elements of Das music through the years acid house reggae music and hip hop all phones together there's a mile commission of all this music friends given this one melts in Paul and you put it in this place called the U.K. In England Euphrosyne computer is in the mix where we don't know how to make music on computers and you can up with this music jungle is music which moves about $160.00 B.P.M. 70 B.P.M. Is sped up GREAT be low bass lines is sweet but evoke rules is sweet so vocals it's all these elements from the eighty's all thought into this one melon part which is born in London but spread all over the U.K. . For. What jungle music you have these different elements was kind of like which are attached to the jungle and as far as I'm concerned I think you had dubstep which to me is not the cousin is the cousin of to of John music and then you had grime which is like the little brother of dubstep and grime is basically dubstep but with limits on top now you have it has a voice and not voice as a U.K. Voice. But. Face me. One for the real ones. On the floor one time freezer on the floor so. He has his own slang the crime is the new pop music is now headlining cast Imbrie crime is now in in the mainstream crime has a voice and is born and bred in the U.K. . There's kind of a one thing that people don't realize and the jungle is gospel there's one break and everybody knows it and this comes from a really really famous quote and it's by the Winston's and it's called a man. And they came in which is basically the most commonly used break in German base and drunk will is the break is the golden ticket this break and that's how much of a influence on this film Michael Riley head of music production at the University of Westminster I think it's important to understand the relationship this music house with London and perhaps where it started in the last half century and this would take us back to often we draw a line with Windrush and we look at those 1st arrivals which by the way had a British passport and most notably Lord Kitchener who is always signalled has had introducing himself with the song London is the place for me Calypso was a big part of the Caribbean music musical landscape it was not just about Trinidad. BAKER It was also in Jamaica you hear Calypso and so Calypso travel to the U.K. With these in the individuals in this case is mainly by the time we get to the early seventy's we have another format which derives from 968 which was reggae and early reggae with again reenergize this relationship between Jamaican communities in Jamaica and those here on the ground in the U.K. I think it's important to say that at this point we have another audience we have modes we have skinheads at this point and as it takes off in the mid seventy's London becomes the capital of to make music and that was spearheaded by artists like Bob Marley and Island Records and this is the point that London is the point on the pillow where Jamaican artist gravitate towards you know also have an international career so that history in terms of major Jamaican artists is now located in London the music is still being generated in Jamaica but it's happening in London and equalize with scenes like punks in the mid seventy's and by this point we have a generation of white British youth grown up with Blues beat scar rocksteady and reggae in their households This gives rise to a whole to turn movement by the time that we're leaving the seventy's and going into the early eighty's and at that point we have our 1st indigenous genre which is love as rock and the interesting thing about this is many of the so-called Jamaican artists producers were actually West Indians from other islands within the Caribbean the architect of Lovers Rock for example is Dennis but his antique and he's not Jamaican but it was cool to be Jamaican they were the large demographic in the U.K. And they went on to generate other genres called the legacy of the long tentacle or influence of Jamaican music in the U.K. In the form of jungle. That gives birth to drum and bass trip hop 2 steps you K. Garridge and by the time we hear the early 2000 with bands like so solid and 21 seconds which is a major 20. 1. 21. 21 . So. We have $23.00 generations bouncing off to make music if we leap forward to where we are now we have a crime scene which is seen as the black equivalent to punk in the seventy's it's used led it's internationally successful and it's reenergized the British music scene so in short what we have is a key catalysts in popular music in the U.K. Is born out of to Jamaica music experience and here in 2018 Brayton that and its relationship to the U.K. . I mean the future of music is very bright we have a lot of underground in the mainstream which is so good and they are collaborating with each up positively to make hits among hits we have and what happened. Festivals all over the U.K. And all over the world celebrating our music we have a lot of mainstream artists influence in it and collaborating with us is so amazing and I just see more artists coming out every day every week I'm getting sent you music I think we're going to be in a very big place in the next maybe 2 or 3 years because the underground is now the mainstream. World without the influence. Jamaican music and Caribbean music I'm not sure we would have the music that we listen to today the pop music would not be the same none of the music in the mainstream would not be the same we have influenced it so much like I said by the baselines the effects how would the music even silence the frequent says you know it's been so great and. What we wear the whole delivery of our music has influenced pop culture and culture just over a wide wide spectrum is so amazing and so great and there will be more to come. What should little kitchen our song when he's on the wind rush and about to come off singin you know about London it's a great thing there's many people in the Caribbean that hold London in the U.K. Very highly and the royal family and these people were coming from basically nothing nothing however you saw how they were dressed you know very sharp and just looking and hungry for opportunity they came here wanting to make you know their mark in the U.K. And to help the U.K. It's been very difficult for them and I am very sure that when they arrived they didn't know what they were going to be faced with how were they went through it and we still do test of time here and our contribution I don't think it ever be measured there's no rule long enough to actually measure how much the black culture and Caribbean cultures influence the mainstream and just the west Overall however we've been hungry for opportunity and we've definitely made. Blaze the place where I sing and so choirs are getting more and more attention and look at the success of the choir like the kingdom choir led by the amazing Karen Gibson and her singing at the royal wedding I think is pro-con the back hard work of so many gospel artists in the U.K. And there she is a legend and we're all watching and anticipating their success. I will just go on and on and on and she is leaving a blueprint of how I think it will be in the future I also think that with the multiculturalism that exists in our country in London you go and has just about every language and every culture represented what will gospel look like in the next 10 years I think you'll be flavor system colorful on the edge still having that passionate message but definitely represented in the the now message that people carry and that is and will always be. As I was taught to my mom about that when my generation but my mom came slightly before the women rush and she was here already so a lot people don't really talk about this but there was some people that were here already there were some people that were already you know sets in taste. They were here already saw the influx came that the numbers allowed these parties to happen people in London and Manchester could now whole carnivores to celebrate their culture they could then turn out in the masses and influence other cultures you would have the Indians and the Pakistanis day with then maybe come over Christmas you'd have the Irish and the Scottish would come over with their influences a Christmas or New Year's and they would come to the carnivores and they would bring their their food they would bring bad influences in it would all start to mix together in start to gel so there was a bit of everything. That made belts of brown paper. Rhythms they get great future of British music is noticeably to me I believe there is a massive African influence now which is coming to the scene at the beginning and it was just the Jamaicans that came over in that we must generation but now you have a big African presence and you know it is very very special in the grime. Seen not so much in the German baseball jungle scene and partly because well there's definitely a Gambian and Nigeria a big Africa influence there but they bring the stuff in different to the table they bring in their flair that color and it works alongside the Jamaican influences they work together in unison and to me that is the future of all the music. T.V. I still do read the news here at least you know of the reviews and I also love soul soul music but when it comes to the regular music hall music yes I love a comment don't you like a locomotive coming down the track Mandy of taking your life. In a car that's going to feed on man got to why it's me oh well hopefully you know you know me you know in so you know it was it's nice to be you know it's now if you haven't covered you are going to such a long time you know. That I'm very good you know that for you to meet me though as well you know I mean it's wonderful it's one of those wonderful my gosh OK we should really get back in the studio and do some proper music here because you know really and truly I also get to discover as heroes go by I discovered that you have people who have loads of people who want old time. Reggae music to come right back I see that the young generation know. The stuff we've done in the same elite 6 is the same thing and I'm like wow I think I played on that you know I think you know I mean he really is is this really really I mean for me he said he said jives the old fart record me to come up if something Tito had to do that to me for me it is mind blowing you know me better you know that's how far this thing is reached all over the globe Yeah yeah you know you know they have you know nice nice nice kind of. It is wonderful but. It's good to be here and you know I mean having a tea and coffee and all that learning and going back to how things were back then you know and also I mean we had the chance to appear on Top Of The Pops and did over thing you know and the music is still happening here and each of us you know all we need now was to step forth and let the people here all over again. Most picture box songs. Youngest club sheets went to fetch with. Procession such a huge. Boost that rarest of. The moment. Clutch. Happy Christmas hopefully by now you're feeling replete and in need of a Renny which is why we thought we'd add to your into gesture or maybe some make your mouth water by looking at the role food plays in A Christmas Carol and other novels written by Charles Dickens because many say that it was Charles Dickens who invented Christmas day just by his love of celebration and the fare that was put on the table where outside the house he lived in in doubt the streets that's now become the Charles Dickens museum and inside we're going to meet Penn Vogler who's written at length about the role that food is played in A Christmas Carol and many other novels in fact I'm holding the book here called dinner with Dickens and also Christmas with Dickinson he's a fantastic books by the way just a good read for yourself and some fantastic recipes hopefully a view having got the book we will get pen to read out a recipe one of my favorite recipes actually for a plum pudding but also looking up at this house is full of stories and I reckon every story like every course in a dinner tells a story itself and the window I'm looking through now is basically their dining room.

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