It yeah it does it it's exactly where it might come from love to hear the compost heap then it's not a vigil I've heard of the writers use it. When I got this from Best Buy it actually it's it's as a man of books you read of t.v. Shows of old memories of experiences you've had of dreams of of over the things on the bus it's just that narrative smudgy smudged. A quiet you crew especially when you're young and I think you spend your own the entirety of your will you know to stick life drawing nutrients from the compost heap and so when I did meet young people who are curious about life doing what I do but being a novelist I'd like to say there's been too much of a hurry that if you are on the Kindle you get to an e-book faith in the 1000000000 by the twenty's but they great on the whole it doesn't work like that you're better off spending the energy they actually haven't done good composting so that when you do get published 8 years later you will be using all of your 1st novel. If they talk about time oh it love it because. It seems to me there are some abstinence you can see that only become visible when they have an impact on the physical world or by the lens of ought. To the same way the wind is not actually a visible thing until you see people's umbrellas flying by in the trees bend the clouds shunted across the sky. Time is also an invisible thing until you see its effect on something and its history the many of you work. So the visualizes of time if there was an. Tiriel that I worked as an artist it probably would be the material of type even though there isn't a materials that comes out in other materials that express from whether that's glaciers melting and Iceland and a microphone as I did last year in Iceland you could dial a phone number and listen to the thing that melt in life so you have this kind of intimate connection with disappearing landscapes. Of planets where they could circle it's just beautiful. The idea. That's beautiful in water level and then it's the ocean of deliverance of Delhi a neutral place. Just described with similar To which I think Earthman earth and urban events and he discovered it on land and Iceland both live in it is a little cupboard working in a hotel and I was scrolling on the Internet and there's people beaming messages to each other via the beard and every night which is a lovely thought to me so I yeah I mean I made an artwork with that I. Mean let's not Morse code to the beat beat beat and when it came back retranslated to this score in Sydney a new piece of minnows to be able to say nothing to please of the still pretty playing grand piano set a little bit like the business prison there in the in the door simply so the blood flows changed bone of the corruption the signal for the yes for the for ages only have you the better still yet by the shadows by the lunar surface by the way their interference in this journey you know did Journey what 500000 miles and then on the moon remake that and that's what I think it's a kind of literary resume mix. Then chill is exactly what would come back and what would stay up there forever more and things. Just hit us and I just. Yeah I'm a transported which is what you do is where it's and I don't get words they're not my my thing until I get to flex that you manage to go into Iraq isn't it time and histories and transport all of these different very intimate infinite places but I can't I can't imagine the kind of universe that humans construct in terms of all the computer things you've said about what thank you of raising wolden these squiggles on the page we call words and doing nothing in that. Way the poet was doing in the 14th century doing nothing the chills with heels it was. Conjuring world and evoking worlds and people in them with. A life form characters but not it but it did it if fresh and new indifferently and how you can all of these words that exist there come together it's a different forms of time ago that the minute I just want to point out that dyslexia is a new compost heap Oh yeah obviously the 1st instance if you have dyslexia it's unlikely to be heading into the word thick future profession would dead speech so it's an eliminator of some paths but this is also a Choose of paths as well as eliminate. For me an absolutely. I.e. . I'm quite quite severely dyslexic I can see things really clearly if I can get the right there in the same blimps that makes a it's with words and so words are both my complete enemy but actually it's where all the ideas start to write it's just I write in this really scrambled up way that is you know we're 2 or 3 enemy for a long time and. I feel really lucky in that you have not my language is the art work that's just the that was the problem all along it's just that I was trying to use English it. Got there 1st an experience of dyslexia I do have 1st hand experience of speech to students is. A standard way patron of the pretty stubborn Association. Dyslexia is going to text your stomach then yeah. Just as what I was 13. And never knew when mortification humiliation was around the corner most will tend to not no one says if a teacher asked me to give an answer in class even my late teens if only. I was being offered to your coffee and I want the coffee I would say t. The end knew that I couldn't say coffee without looking on it and I know this is a lifelong thing but it's that it was awful I would have to go a cli describe my stammer as an enemy and I thought of odiously it was a matter of willpower this is a grave misconception about something and if you try harder you won't stop there to actually people this demo of. The most songs of willpower yet. Both of us have no idea of which will pop it clearly is a day out with that is exhausting for sure. Yet because my cinema I had to acquire a massive vocabulary then to work out of turn it into ways to have all. Materials or disposed to save time what to say one of the waiting the blocking would Oso learn very quickly about register if you're 13 you called for to not turn it's of the route home make a detour to load block if it's going to take you into in the folk at Lehigh might just type the company because then you get big enough not the standing but fees and fancy posh words at a bog standard state comprehensive and went you have a vegetable you kind of learn about the link between class and language. And he says every single time I sit down and work there's my vocabulary there's my word that this this stuff took me to a word that I can to get excited by. It's ability even the best of all the g. Of the word to get it is good law that's better better all of it I love this it off putting of company of this stuff and what voicing the kind it is you can do so much . Commit to building not blood scribing them but by simply just buy them which if someone is using the listless you show it they've had a bit of a an education showing they might like to show off the fact they know the word Melissa Rivers or you might sort of presented with a. Johnny Rotten snow on account of la de da de da ovarian belief that was if you could if this is so much character building just by word choice then you have this with understanding sometimes the only difference between a total curse and a blessing is about 8 years yet before everything there but this richness of cavalry and and I love that and your work that and I'm somebody with a really limited vocabulary that's just the nature of this Actually no I don't even care anymore it no they got to live like all of that thing that was being you know holding me back for so many years and worrying so much that bet. And your work it's like him tasting words and seeing colors and words and I find your work really flavored so the tasty thing that happens is a kind of flavor of Great think that just set sets of fire for me and when you're right think are you kind of aware of all of the said surreal events that are going on. Yeah I tried to be the enemy and you can circumvent cliche by synesthesia Cynthy's in that listen to all of the above a little bit since that tick with with his name is actually David's green Michael's blue pieces of red Neil is Graham Sullivan is yellow it just is but this is just false Katie Katie is because if it comes. To you know when most of. The really good feeling of Yeah Ok it's Ok it's kind of like pale. And subtle and nuanced that's what. I want you saying that you when you're at the beginning of character for evening that you should write letters to yourself from from the characters to try and learn to hear their voices opposed to learn about their life and their interests do you have to keep those letters the other women the books of the wonderful of hoping the mild days of the nice juicy tax break from the most. I thought to be that fair is it takes the Blitzers doesn't like to think that one of the. Novels of so wedded to the human mind personality to so ecology that small way that I would have to sometimes envy you. I live with people beings the whole top. You know what I kind of envy your work because it's. Well a lot of this is a question or remote but if it's true a journey away from the human so you actually get to leave human beings behold and it's not true that that's that's really interesting yes yes it is and but it all sort of comes back to our relationships with other worldly things it's people and often 3 Origin really objects and things like mobile phones and record players that spend time with their And like a mirror ball made of 10000 eclipses but through those origin Origin 3 objects and I find kind of doorway to other things I think I really love Kate in the moment that I was born because I think there's not many other Iraqis or moments I probably kids are so I was born in a different era probably something that I can't even imagine but I have to say which I thought that we did that the 5 really think it was part of the on the cover of the play as a women as well as you know you know even I would say there's no way I would debate it with the bodies of. Water. But but it's something about right now that as an artist you're given total free rein to do anything I mean that's the kind of saying that there are school environment that I was and it was a weird moment in time to be studying because there was. A great deal of focus it was the only kind of end of of my goodness and lots of critique and theory and I felt totally say that all of it well is this everybody or maybe it's in this bit of irony and you know fame much self-restraint I had no interest and. Whatsoever and I dos be the kind of annoying that would come along with Leica a tiny idea or scribbles on a bit paper that I couldn't possibly ever realize because it involves such injuries or whatever and always felt kind of a very I'd say but actually sit is a graduated something opened up a lift in Iceland for a period and something just massively opened but also I mean a place in time where you can you can cross discipline so easily and so smoothly and so fluidly I was making these records made of your ice the plate the actual scientific lease here in them so I collected these bits of iceberg from the point where you were actually allowed to carry back ridiculous quantities of water in your hand luggage so I brought back from Iceland like 3 different glaziers and while I was out it was recording the 3rd and the glazier's and then I managed to with a really long complicated difficult process involving dental casting. Made records of ice that played the real thing to that extent that melted and so during that phase that glorious not to tell you. That that yeah I'm happy with that I'm not out of it you know write back a good one and you did. And that I put I was trying to make my records I discovered like basically through the wall of this lead there was and ice and physics lab they were doing you know different things but kind of stable or in that they had huge freezers fill of bits of glace here obviously for far more functional scientific reasons to me but nevertheless I thought hey these are my neighbors I'm going to go in and I'm going to strike up a conversation and ask them Can I play my ice records that here because they're male think everyone else funnily enough so they let me go ahead and use their walk in freezer so what have you done anything like resistance season. Unusual departments and. Of course you spend large parts of your life and traveling is good for the compost heap travellin young as about. Is really good for the company stating this look Japan I'm a compost heap Shaw said the whole book that I have set pieces of other books that will leave all Linguistically it is very good for everybody to be spend some time of their life being a linguistic outsider being infantilized because you can actually ask for anything big in Japan that enabled me to write characters with a particular a particular in a confined relationship with language when you have a vocabulary of words you have and you have to do everything everything with it then it's good for you does being in one place nice and being kind of with in family life and then in Ireland. Is it constricting in any way or are you always drawing on every day experiences wealthy's other worlds they want if you like but I didn't see it being a dad. Who has autism so it's going to help the most 13 year olds might be but but it's also just a chance to see the you can think about autism without thinking about your to become a t. As well. This is sort of. A crash course in how the mind works its own going. It's a big one to say well you don't have any choice but to see it like that it's sort of an opportunity and a privilege and this is one thing to do. I wanted to ask where are you that you're freest the just over the last I hear the word productive but you know we're we're still happening. And slightly sort of tweak a question and change the word 3 with feel alive and fulfilled pretend like the family didn't real they were a favorite sayings of any fellow is it said Shakespeare in Love with Joseph Fine's Shakespeare he's working on something working on something that is Quinn's Pennie good scripts great scratches so it's one of the few really good films about writing because it's almost impossible to make going to. Cinematic it just looks a bit like someone protesting constipated it's a really good cinematic but the film is the exception and he's written something and it's a famous law and the thing is when he moved to that he puts down his quill and just looks at it from the and he says God good. But I feel most of the body which will feel most fulfilled from possibly happiest is when folks got this lovely little chunk of text and I look at it and there's nothing wrong with it. And because it was good it doesn't happen often if it happens often you're in trouble because it shouldn't be happening that often a few times of the know you get a perfect paragraph a few times so even though we've got the 20 years right here are your best self when you're writing because in my work only in moments like the kind of flash of the whole hall actually I'm really happy with this I feel like a I'm voicing my worst self and my best self I'm. Worst Person as and I feel totally into doing this thing when it should be with my young son and my family and big you know just give me guilt and all of it Ok but all of it crazy because it's just like constant but but I feel like my best self and we were still in that moment yeah and what best autistic's up on a best novelistic self and it feels great to be that person momentarily. Because that best self is that. My dad's self has necessarily been neglected for a while because the Congress which want the other. Things is question of finding a balance of spending feeling was as monopolistic self it is. Time to revert to Dad self and take my son for going in the woods she likes and actually it's a part of the victim to try to be the no of the self or to of course. Predictably you start to get. A deal to generated. The dead so from the replugging back into the percent it's really good for the other selves too I think I love that the Orcs and say again choice I would hope it's just a date for. A deal generated I love that I get to say right there before I forget because this is a tool to flex that thing if I do and thoughts are gone like that it just I can't I can't grok how to remember it's gone like that I was nothing I should write. When I'm thinking about time I see it circles or see colors and shapes but with the circles I'm Do you see time as a patchwork. If his show metaphors are great but the tool can sometimes and the being the master you can end up being subjects it's not messy for it's that's the way time is and it's like you don't see it so I was about to say with a slave the metaphor time is a river of times trying right times along. But it is is there ever like celebrated for its Is it the thing is the thing to be and that they have made this recently the there in the shape of maintenance and the make him. If you like kids buckets and spades must give you some for your other exams but there and in the shape of world maintenance and so you build the maintenance on the beach and then it gets washed away by the tide to the end of meet these miniature maintenance and hear a lot of that that it's just that like the medicine is this is the time it is the still of the mind to that is the atoms that built from the this is are the thing 1st I'd like that but it's a maybe but it is actually for it is bird to not put your own at all to stop metaphor he did you do you make everything you make is one for me. Fascinating you said. It's not but a focal length of anything it is the thing that self. That's just glue it is this is again going back a little bit then this came out in time and the reality of being perception based I do seem to work at this point I think glorious when they pitch a. Painting a metaphor it is seductive glorious sensuous metal all of that here that you possibly talk about the tiny bit you're via that to for because. We live in time but that's that's all we have to do with the stuff it changes as it ages as we all Spielman ject of it but you could only think about what is the wood if the woods reviews and the good is merely a kind of a better form of the state of the extra signify of the sick the fall it's a debate little it's sound waves it's compressed babble that kills the meaning of the things we had to say then which group then we can decode definitely hopefully Mr they don't mean the same things I think that said it's like when you're listening to Gleason here there's no words there and it's the thing and it's that experience I can't even use the words that don't even know what they are into this latest big thing. That is the least the words so you dyslexia is a straight jacket you are performing the extraordinary and to the escapology to get them to and that escapology that she will want that reading. You're doing. If. It's that. I had known 3 years ago she had one and the pendulum was accessible and I knew I shouldn't but I just couldn't resist stuffing into them. And it felt as if it still point something you didn't stick your finger if you think the pendulum is swinging I just cramp that sort of migrant to the trees and maze running in the hay field to the north east thing going to work there but I still try. Only Artis was produced by Katie Hickman. Now another frightening episode for rather furred and fry exploring the history of roller coasters and the science of screaming. Welcome back to this 2nd part of our examination into the science of fear it was all inspired by this question from curious listener Heidi Daugherty he wanted to know why do people like to be scared for example going on scary amusement park rides and watching scary movies that make you jump right say in the last episode you made me watch a scary movie that made me jump Yes and it was super fun and that meant for this week's frightening experience Heidi really only left us with one other option. To. Look around is where are we we're in dog park and I'm not going on that massive rollercoaster about why would you willingly submit yourself to being terrified something mad wrong you have nothing to fear but fear itself. I should probably point out at this stage listeners that alongside my fair are films I'm not mad keen on heights or falling or anything fun at all because a blood I don't work well that one is not unreasonable but anyway once again we had a Barry long trek around the whole theme park to select the optimal right not too high not to drop a note to basically Goldilocks and the 3 roller cases Anyway we finally selected one that fit Hannah's very specific criteria. Not the from the because of the parents because that. Michael is super I'm going to. See how you feeling right now saying Ok not great now I like the fight is good now . I can tell when you are genuinely that when you're putting it on the you know putting it on and now when. He brought it up it's quite state business. I am the best at writing case that has been tracked all the way back to the 18th century in some peaches back in Russia during winter festival giant wooden rounds with covered in snow to make it big slick the sheets of ice. Catherine the Great was even a friend column bring up dozens of steps and into a hollowed out sled carved of ice with all careering down the steep plate but any piece of rope to hold on to. Love the exonerating mindset was that she commissioned one of the iron adding wills to the sled say she could ride all year round was. By the mid 19th century Russian ice mountains was so popular in courtyards and up across homes that rice from publisher Robert c. Has noted the sludge is a made of ice dextrously shaped into ships and they all enjoy the like by prints and peasant. In Every time around and village the slippery declivity is all crowded with youths and maidens rushing down with the swiftness of Rose French soldiers visiting during the Napoleonic wars also grew fond of the Russian ice mountains they brought the idea back home and the 1st roller coaster to have cars fixed to the tracks was built in Bellville fronts in 812 and named They Montagnier hoose in fact fact fans even today in Spanish Portuguese and Italian roller coasters are still known as Russian mountains but it was in America that the roller coaster as we know it today really took off according to sociologist Margie Currie scream the science of fear in the us the real popularity of the roller coaster started with the invention of the electric trolley car designed to move coal and industrial material from one location to another so they were set up on rails It's very kind of Indiana Jones but the operators realize that they could make money just on selling tickets to people to just you know ride from one place to the other and they found that people really enjoyed the hills and the turns and twists in from there it just kind of took off right. Russian I slides and swerving trolleys do sound like a lot of fun doesn't sound incredibly safe no it's absolutely unbelievable to look back at some of these structures and just to try and imagine what was going through people's minds when they thought yes let's throw our bodies down a hill at breakneck speed there was no modern mechanism of safety keeping you inside the carts it was really depending on centrifugal force it was incredibly unsafe people would fall out and today throw rides are extremely safe I mean statistically it would be you know like getting hit by lightning to be hurt on most modern throw rides but back then it was incredibly dangerous slipping down an 80 foot I swam in a sled made of ice with very narrow to hang on to it does not sound like my idea of fun what we should be grateful than that I. Magic I just don't park where we had finally settled on a rollercoaster cold this warm Ok say the swarm is like a wing divider Caister you're strapped in and your legs dangling down with nothing beneath you yet I wasn't keen on that bit partially because I was wearing my favorite trainers Nancy as you told me when we were about to be cut opposes from 0 to 4.5 g. Yes and it was at this point listeners that I was starting to regret my initial hubris. We didn't see anything. Oh no no no no getting to. That terrible outside sound of the cabin I don't. And not save rave now out of the story about the screaming their listeners. But while we're on the subject of screaming it turns out that the science of screaming is a fascinating scientific mystery in itself David Popple is a neuroscientist he's been trying to get to the bottom of why we scream and why we did it in so many situations. You're born a new image screams you have pain and you scream your surprise news scream you can scream enjoy when your football team wins. Or scream in pain when your football team loses for that matter such a ubiquitous vocalisation right what other kind of vocalization do you use in so many different situations there is no culture in which there is no screaming there's no human who hasn't screamed at some point we understand very little about it which is a little bit surprising we dedicate a lot of effort to all kinds of other stuff but this very fundamental thing is still a surprisingly new area of research but as for listening to screams if you want. Why they generate FIA So you have to try and capture the screams of willing volunteers in the lab put them in a sound booth just like I'm here right now and you either ask them to scream and you'd be surprised some people are incredibly good at this I mean there are just you know blood curdling screams that we've recorded from people but you can also make them afraid right so suppose in a transparent plastic box I suddenly put a huge spider in front of your face you might just scream. And it does cause for some consternation in the lab when people walk by and they hear absolutely scary screams coming from lab in the corner of the building the but the acoustic feature that's typical of fear screams is the future of roughness I mean it literally was be called Rough because people when you ask them what does it sound like they say sounds kind of rough right so how rough we talking here Ok Well here is a scream that has a low amount of roughness. And here is one with a high level of roughness. Right yeah I get it that one definitely sounds more sort of flustering And in fact rough than the other indeed and there was so what is the actual difference between those sounds well so the 2nd one is the high end modulation right that's essentially how fast is loudness goes up and down but actually they also have recorded and measured people speaking sentences as well as scream say here is one with a fairly high level of roughness. Yeah yep I would run away from that and here's a sentence with low roughness. Oh that one is much more panto's than Halloway and I'd say oh no it's not just the interesting thing about roughness is that it's also a quality that we find in other manmade sounds as David explains car alarms fire alarms sirens in the house alarms also have the same acoustic feature signals that are supposed to tell you something alarming is happening even if there synthetic also have that now the people who designed it sounds they arrived at this inside intuitively so it's just by playing with sounds that they arrived at what is a really alarming feeling signal and they hit exactly on roughness now when the research team put participants inside the brain scanner and played them sounds that are rough like screams and I long they found that this activated very small part of the brain called the amygdala which is involved in generating the emotion of fear so the a middle. Tracks roughness directly so the more rough the sound is that you present to the listener in the brain scanner the more that part of the brain is activated so the a MacDill or tracks for instance roughness directly these signals kind of reach into your head and give you very very quick pathways to yield a kind of frightening experience. Back over the ballpark I was having my own frightening experience giving my fear circuits a workout alone it turns out this was a terrible. Yeah consider that payback for making you watch that horrific train I really didn't like that at all but maybe I was lucky on the rollercoaster ride of terror because over historical research methods have been even less enjoyable as psychologist and broadcaster Claudia Hammon tells me that you know all sorts of experiments done in the lab with fear and trying to induce fear in people but there was one called Alba tacks and in 1950 s. He wanted to measure how the body reacted to fear but he needed it to be a genuine reaction so we actually put electrodes on the back of people's hands and gave the mild electric shocks but then suddenly there's a bang and there are sparks flying and the experimenter pulls the plug out and looks really panicky and says that they must get out straight away and they think it's all going wrong they then go into another room and another confederate in the experiment shouts at them for a while tells us that they shouldn't have left the road in this late on the road and then they hook them up to a lie detector and say they've got to find out whether the law or not so they basically have a really terrible time and then in fact what they're doing is trying to measure the physiology of what's going on and trying to look at things that. Galvanic skin response the sweating in their fingertips you have a job getting a pass an ethical committee today if you can't do these experiments now you have to rely on when they were done before even with the ethics well out of kilter did it actually work what did they did say that they were really scared one volunteer said that he was preparing him self to die and another said he was so upset he was ready to punch the scientist on the nose but luckily it got sort of stopped at that point but he did discover that fear has certain affects on the body always things that we know about now that increased adrenaline that the heart rate goes up that your skin temperature drops your pupils dilate and our tolerance to pain increases which of course is useful if you're about to fight now private doctors question was what we actually enjoy being scared it is a chance to get an agenda brush and to feel certain physical experiences that might be pleasurable and that is certainly different in safe circumstances so you can go on the rollercoaster and you're not actually going to die but you can have that feeling of something really scary being about to happen to you and you can try to and safety and of course it's its control that dictates whether something is a thrill or relief Peugeot the traumatic experience. I don't like that so much of a disco toys I don't know our I love to feel dizzy with lost vision in my left eyes . So Dr Offit when it comes to why we like to be scared can we say Case Solved Well Dr Freud when we're scared our heart rate goes up our pupils dilate our tolerance to pain increases all of which helps prepare our bodies for fight or flight screaming has an acoustic roughness this stimulates the Amidah in our brain to make us feel afraid but we can stimulate all of these powerful scary responses in our body in safety by watching horror films or riding on roller coasters and now that you've had your event I can go back to experimenting on you. The Curious Case of rather food and fried was presented by Adam rather 1st and Hannah fry the producer was Michel Martin next week they're joined by another fry Stephen he wants to know why he always forgets people's faces the team set out to investigate the cause of prosopagnosia along with some possible remedies. On b.b.c. One I can teach it to me and he must let me March in mistrust by issue I took a piece to find how Mrs Coulter we are excited by the discovery of his promise the covers are official well protected and well funded stop. Asking these children whispers to come with us in the wrong hands. Philip Pullman's His Dark Materials continues on Sunday night at 8 on b.b.c. One this is b.b.c. Radio 4 where in a moment the 3rd chapter of Julian Barnes biography of the pioneering Valley Park prison Sergeant Samuel Potsie Meanwhile on Radio 4 longwave in d.a.b. Digital radio it's time for the daily service led by Canon Stephen Shipley. Good morning lessons in leadership is a very appropriate theme of the day he said is this week as we plunge into the frantic activity of an election campaign the 3rd in 4 years where warned that it will be a close and unpredictable contest those who put themselves forward as leaders to take on positions of responsibility will require not only skillful diplomacy and political resourcefulness but also the strength and courage to withstand the prevailing mood in this country of anxiety and frustration. Our prayers for the power of love to overcome the anger and bitterness to divide people and nations are therefore as urgent as ever above all those who call themselves Christians must acknowledge that the responsibility which comes with being appointed a leader must take its inspiration from God. As the Apostle Paul himself realized or thought is derived from God through Jesus Christ speaking the truth in love Paul said we must grow up in every way with him who is the head of the whole body of the church remember your leaders he went on those who spoke the word of God to you consider the outcome of their way of life and imitate their faith. In a moment we'll hear about one great leader whom the Church of England celebrates today the anniversary of his baptism Archbishop William Temple he was successively Bishop of Manchester Archbishop of York and Archbishop of Canterbury and he died just over 75 years ago you know to have a 944 hour opening him draws all our thoughts and prayers together now in the name of Christ we gather in the name of Christ we sing as we celebrate the promise of your servants offering. I. Was. A. Lot. I'm. A prayer written by William Temple or mighty and eternal God So draw our hearts to the so guide our minds so fill our imaginations so control our wills that we may be holier than actually dedicated entity and then uses we pray thee is the wilt but always to thy glory and to the welfare of the people our man by the death of the Archbishop of Canterbury the whole world is the poorer declare the editorial column of the Church Times in November 1904 a truly great figure has passed from the English scene church a nation alike have lost a great leader and the prophets of authentic fire the poor and inarticulate everywhere are deprived of a true and understanding friend. And the editorial went on to describe William Temple as a national figure of stature and surpassed in contemporary life and not easily matched in history the only man of the day with whom he could be compared was Winston Churchill as Churchill was the one who led the nation through great darkness and unknown perils to the dawn of victory so Archbishop temple became the leader to whom people looked with complete confidence for spiritual strength and pastoral insight. It was a legacy that exemplified the true character of the life and purpose of the Anglican Church in post-war Britain. The Apostle Paul as we've had had much to say about pastoral work in the church in history that is to Timothy and Titus we know them as the pastoral Epistles and in chapter 3 of his 1st attempts the Paul turns his attention to bishops this saying is sure writes this whoever aspires to the office a bishop desires a noble task now a bishop must be above reproach married only once a temperate sensible respectable hospitable and apps teacher knows a drunkard not violent gentle not quarrelsome and not a lover of money he was managed his own household while keeping his children submissive and respectful in every way for someone does not know how to manage his own household how can he take care of God's church he was not be a recent convert or he may be puffed up with conceit and fall into the condemnation of the devil. Morry the he must be well thought of by outside has said that he may not fall into disgrace and the snare is the devil. From the arrogance that thinks it knows all truth from the cowardice to Chinks from new truth from the laziness that is content with half truths. Of Truth deliver us words from a traditional Kenyan prayer set by Will Todd and sang for us by the day he said to sing as directed by Alice Laraque. So who would be a bishop the words of that African prayer remind us that pastoral oversight at any level is a much heavier responsibility than it 1st appears and Timothy is rightly warned by the Apostle Paul to his own conduct is of primary importance the behavior of the pastor has as much effect in teaching the gospel as the words he or she speaks or writes This goes for all grades of ministry and indeed for all Christians that no doubt is why the author of this letter to Timothy is so concerned with the organization and conduct and the local Christian community it was ship and its example nowadays in the Anglican church at least 30 all bishops fall into the category of pastoral manager with the strongest emphasis on manager. Few bishops would choose such a row but the development of the church's life in the last century has in common with that of many other institutions made strong management essential and because of the way the church is structured it may be that the responsibility for too many aspects of this has fallen on the bishops. They now need to be liberated from a role that has the potential to become a didn't dial at the true purpose of the sacred office and the serious hindrance to the church is mission in the 21st century so let's pray for them for courage to take risks and to speak out to challenge if necessary the prevailing culture we pray for all who are contemplating standing for Parliament in next month's generalization for the spirit of grace and humility to direct their deliberations in the words of another of William temples prayers Oh God the King of righteousness lead us we pray in the ways of justice and peace inspire us to break down all tyranny and oppression to gain for everyone that you reward and from every one that you service the teach me live for all and all make half each in the name of Jesus Christ our Lord Amen and we bring to God this morning or in our hearts and minds who support us by their love and care and make our lives worth living our Father who art in heaven hallowed be thy name thy kingdom come thy will be done On earth as it is in heaven give us this day our daily bread and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us and leaders not into temptation but deliver us from evil for the wind is the kingdom the power of the dory forever and ever amen. Love. Love love love. Love love love love Elin love love. Love. Love. Love love. It's. The logo was it is it is so. Low the. Did. The float. Is still over. So May the love of the Lord Jesus draw you to himself made the power of the Lord Jesus strengthen you in His service made a joy of the Lord Jesus for your hearts and made the blessing of God Almighty the Father the Son and the Holy Spirit be a man you and remain with you always Amen. B.b.c. News at 10 o'clock the prime minister is due to meet the Queen at Buckingham Palace to mark the dissolution of parliament ahead of next month's general election this evening Boris Johnson will launch the conservatives campaign promising to get brakes it done the Green Party will offer voters what it calls the most ambitious green new deal when it gets its campaign underway in Bristol it plans to invest 100000000000 pounds a year for a decade in order to rid the u.k. Of fossil fuels. Profits Marks and Spencer her foreign sharply the retailer says sales of clothes continue to decline despite ongoing efforts to address the trend more details from our business correspondent Rob Young It's the toughest time on the High Street for many years and then S's felt it more keenly than most profits fell by 17 percent in the 6 months to the end of September the company's main problem isn't a new one sales in the troubled clothing division continued that decline and an s. Blamed availability in supply chain issues shoppers often grumble about the style of clothes and say certain sizes a regularly sold out however sales of food rose the company has admitted its attempt to turn the business around is running behind shed you'll is seeing positive signs but the m. And s. Repair job is far from complete the Democratic Party in the United States has made gains in state elections in what's being seen as a blow to President Trump the Democrats to seize full control of the legislature in Virginia for the 1st time in 25 years a pro Beijing politician in Hong Kong has been stabbed while campaigning for the forthcoming local elections video footage shows a man giving Junior's home of flowers before attacking him he's being treated in hospital for knife wounds the British boxer nickel Adams who is the 1st woman to win an Olympic gold medal in the sport is retiring from the ring because of concerns about her eyesight Adam.