Im ali velshi, this is real money. A federal investigation has cleared officer Darren Wilson of civil Rights Violations related to the shooting death of Michael Brown in ferguson, Mark Rzepczynski inmissouri. There is no evidence to disprove wilsons perception that Michael Brown posed a threat to wilson after brown advanced towards him. It was Michael Browns death seven months ago that triggered days of protests and riots in ferguson. That was followed by even more protests when a local grand jury declined to indict officer wilson. The uproar focused attention on the ferguson overwhelmingly white police force and in completely jurisdictions. Writing that the harms of fergusons police and Court Practices are borne disproportionately by African Americans and evidence due in part by intentional discrimination on the basis of race. Justice Department Investigators cite disparity in the polices use of force against black including excessive use of tasers and dogs against black suspects. It also cites a pattern of fines issued against African Americans that violates their constitutional rights, incredibly, police and courts doing this in conclusion with city hall in an effort to raise the citys revenues. Quote this emphasis on revenue has compromised the institutional character of Fergusons Police Department contributing to a problem of unconstitutional policings end quote. Or face a federal lawsuit of course none of this is a surprise to people on the ground in ferguson we know because weve been talking to residents and top government officials in the streets of ferguson and Police Officers around the country. This is st. Louis county police department. The department of justices scathing report cufers officers of Excessive Force and making unjustified traffic stops for years. Its a story many of firgzs black residents sais they experienced themselves. I was pulled over and sat on the curb and my car searched. Wesley bell is running for city council in ward 3 where Michael Brown was shot. I didnt realize it was wrong until i got in law school. That shouldnt have happened, why are they pulling me over for nothing. The department of justice found a pattern of racial bief inbiasin the police department. Blacks were involved in 85 of all vehicle stops by police 93 of all arrests and 88 of cases where the police used force grp in this city right at 70 African American with less than 1 in the city government. 53 Police Officers, only three black. What does that tell you . Lee smith is also running for city council for ward 3. It is the first time two African Americans have run against each other there. He says he too has felt the bias of police but its been with Missouri State troopers. Ive had state police put a gun in my stomach dare at me to, while they make me watch them beat my father. And dare at me to help. And i guess it had not been for my father i probably would have not been here because his thing was no matter what they do to me dont move. In february fbi director james comey said he felt there was unconscious bias in the culture. Many of us react different to a white face than oa black face. We need to come to grips with the fact that this relationship complicates the relationship between the police and the communities they serve. But in ferguson it is not just bias its outright drimtion racial stereotypes even making racist jokes about blacks on their city email accounts. For example one email reads an African American woman was admitinto the hospital for a pregnancy termination. She received 5,000 dollars from the be l hospital. She asked what it was for and she received the answer, for crime stoppers. To arm himself and residents with cameras and shoot video of Ferguson Police in action. When you have that camera on you you say okay officer im within my rights im video recording this and my camera has been recording since you pulled up on me. What is your business . That guy dont really like me. I dont care. Witt spent several years in prison but says cameras is the only way to prevent undue brutality. All these guys through 2020 hindsight, is not reasonable. We interviewed ken rainey, a Sarasota Police officer. People dont have the correct picture about why a cop reacts the way he does. I feel like the perception and the public was the officer murdered that person. But what really should be considered is that officer is saving his life against somebody who is violently attack being mix. Deas justiceattacking him. The fix may take the form of a socalled Consent Decree, that is sort of a blueprint for reform, under the watch of an independent monitor. This process can take years and cost millions of dollars. It is the type of process shepherded by guys like my next guest, james ginger, a former Police Officer who has handled Consent Decrees in los angeles albuquerque. James if a police chief sees you walking in their door, are they in trouble . Not necessarily. It depends on the attitude of the agency, the attitude of the chief, the attitude of the community. These decrees are settlement agreements are executable without animosity or fear. As long as theres a spirit of cooperation and an understanding between the parties. But based on the experiences that youve had should ferguson missouri residents have faith that a Consent Decree or report like todays will actually change departments like theirs with a record of discrimination . Well, we were able to make substantive change if pittsburgh with the help of the chief executive officer there. We were able to make substantive change in the state of new jersey with the help of the superintendent of the new jersey state police. So it has to be apartnership. The parties have to understand and trust each other. And there has to be a certain amount of rapport and trust built into this system. And then it can work. If its one of those situations where you have an ir irrissable Irresistible Force meeting an immovable object thats a differently picture. Revenue at all cost, what do you start with, what do you recommend ferguson do and how long do you think it would take to see changes . Well, it is actually a fairly simple process. What ferguson needs to do is what it should have been doing all along. Develop good policy, development and execute good training, develop and implement good supervision good discipline and good leadership. Thats the key to all of these processes. They all, believe it or not are pretty much the same. They require the same fix because they exhibit the same problems. Be you know, is step one changing behavior in departments that are overwhelmingly blash overwhelmingly white in an overwhelmingly black community as in ferguson would the answer be to simply hire more black officers . Well it certainly wouldnt hurt. And i think it makes for a much more Trustworthy Police agency but that is not the fix. The fix is what we mentioned earlier with good policy, good training, effective supervision good discipline, and honestly good leadership is critical as well. On the behavioral side, that makes a lot of sense. On this issue ever conclusion with the city council of conclusion with the taught, using traffic stops to raise revenue, things we have been hearing from people in missouri a lot when this first began how do you fix had a . That is a revenue problem a small town with a police force declining tax base. Can you fix that through Something Like a Consent Decree . Oh you certainly can. And then the other issue, this is not first place or the first time that that issue of policing as a Revenue Source has come up. There was a recent jury trial that resulted in a 97 million verdict against a small town in south carolina. Because basically they were using traffic citations and misdemeanor arrests as a Revenue Source for the city that eventually wound up in a death. So those kinds of those kinds of versdz from verdicts from the Civil Justice system go a long way to alerting those involved in civil behavior that thats not a proper use of city resources to generate revenue. That puts that police chief or whoever in a difficult position because that was paying some bills. Oh absolutely. It is to the point that some of these small agencies literally could not exist without that revenue. And i think that may be the next big issue in policing in america. Because of the widespread nature of that issue. That will be a good conversation for us to continue to have. James thanks so much to for joining us. James ginger. Bias of a different kind, ill reveal the discrimination that could be lurking in the depths of your mind, without you even knowing it. Tweet me alivelshi or at facebook facebook. Com, ali velshi. Keep it right here. You and i are prejudiced, at least thats according the several university studies. It does not mean that we mean to be or are even aware of our biases, the focus of biases, caught the attention of corporate america. Patricia sabga has this report. Its actually been like a dirty little secret in the industry for a long time. Reporter a secret thats been exposed thanks to growing awareness of silicon valleys testosterone charged boys club cultures. Tech powerhouse google reenlts came under fire by revealing 70 of its workforce 79 of its managers and 89 of its engineers were male. Were going to legality you know what the demographics of our workforce looks like. I have yet to hear from people that say women will not be good engineers. If you are not conscious of the biases that you have, youre not contributing at the level you could or innovating at the level you could. Google saysists taking steps to educate the communities about unconscious bias. You cant say im not going to hire a woman because she doesnt have qualifications, you its going to be more subtle. Brian welly, is trying to change the culture with exercises. Here we go. Left. Right. Left. Right. If you take any of these tests youre suddenly going to be exposed to your own stereotypes and your own implicit beliefs. We need to change behaviors. We give our managers a checklist of the biases, and empower them to call them on it. But it wont happen with the click of a mouse. At google we expect this to be the beginning and i will be introspective. High technical is not the only industry. I push the button ton zaire oxon the deer xerox 914. Unconscious bias is at work behind the scenes as well. According to john seifert chairman and kerry of the american arm of oalg oglevie and meyer. Including be dove. For its representation of women and employees of color in the most senior portions of the industry. A large part of the problem is unintentional bias. Its unexceptional to be talking about your biases. Now theres a lot of talk of it at oglvie. Other people have told us about these unconscious biases that they have. Just thek the ones you have seen and others that bother you. When i see someone in a wheelchair, or someone with a significant disability its going to be difficult for me. For not understanding technology. Associations that include word associations. The unconscious bias of age. Strong, go forth and conquer. And roleplaying. Ive made all my deadlines and i just wonder why he was able to get the promotion faster than me. We all have unconscious bias. Margaret reagan heads the work institute. The question we get is if its unconscious how do we know about it . Thats whole purpose of awareness. Bringing them to the surface and then having the courage to interrupt it when you see it in the workplace. Were asking people to just recognize them and to better appreciate that they have an impact on your judgments so that at the end they make better decisions. With an unconscious bias that he listened more to the men than women. Im finding myself just being much more conscious in every situation, and im a keen observer of the dynamic between men and women in these situations. Its extraordinary to me how dominanting the men behave. Thats not just politically correct, thats good business. Were not just doing this for the greater good of being a good corporate citizen. Were doing it because were terrified of being less competitive and relative as relevant as the world shifts. Prg, al jazeera. Only themselves to blame ill ask them to back that up, thats next. Good evening im antonio mora cowmg coming up after real money, discrimination against African Americans for years in ferguson missouri. A u. S. Ambassador is rushed to the hospital after a man attacks him with a razor blait. Ment well have that and much more coming up at the top of the hour. Thats why this Congress Still needs to pass a law that makes sure a woman is paid the same as a man for doing the same work. Its 2015. Its time. Many believe a component of jernt bias, unconscious or conscious, is the wage gap. Women make about 77 cents for every dollar a man earns but the is widely reported 23 wage gap actually a myth . Andrew biggs joins us via skype from oregon. Thank you so much for being with us. You heard patricia sabgas story about unconscious bias. I know you have read about this. Do you believe that unconscious bias place a role in our labor in america . There is unconscious bias that takes play, the question is how big a role does that play . Pay differences between men and women, this 23 pay gap that is often cited and what almost all studies find is the vast, vast majority of that pay difference is not due to discrimination or unconscious bias, its due to the number of hours that men and women work, difference in number of work spers that they have and Different Things they major in, in college. Those things account for the vast majorities of pay different snrp lets agree on 77 cents there are some reports that show a little more are hill less but lets say 77 cents. How much of it doesnt account for that . When you take into account the factors you talk about there remains a gap. Sure, there remains ogap. American Enterprise Institute where i work by gene oneil, a well respected economist she found these measurable differences things like work hours, years of Work Experience can account for around 98 of the differences in salaries between men and women. So theres a small remaining part which could be due odiscrimination or it could be due other factors. Okay were agreed with president obama that in 2015 there should be zero gap that isnt accounted for by other factors like choice of career and hours worked . There should not be paid discrimination between women but that gap is a statistical study depends on the availability of data, the quality of data that you have. This two to 3 difference had a june oneil found the data set didnt allow you to measure. The point is youre not looking at a 23 pay gap. There is no credible study that finds a 23 pay gap due odiscrimination. Every good study looks at it finds something much much smaller that than that. It definitely does exist but the 23 is a mythical figure. I have got something from sky analytics, commanding on average 10 less for their Services According to analysis of three years of billings data from 3,000 law firms. So i guess my points is im not disputing your logic im saying at some point you cant win for trying if you are a woman you are suffering from everything that could possibly happen to you, why should women have less per billable hour than men lawyers . Perhaps theyre working in different filed a litigation lawyer may bill different hours than a corporation lawyer. I agree with you that generalities do not help us, but the information of government economics and photonics median salaries for men in these fields were 36 higher than women. That translates, 79,755 for men in engineering 58h. E,431. At some point all of the executions dont hold water at some points we got to say we talk about law you and i talk about law now were talking about engineering, you are going to make me go town to talk to people who work in corner stores. Not one area where women earn more than men. Trotting out a bunch of studies each which may not be good does not prove a point . You know theyre not good right . Im no expert on this, we have talked about this sky analytics study. Say if theyre looking at engineering. Women tend to, among engineers tend to go into things like Environmental Engineering which may not pay as much as but i just spoke with lee b survetionke and michael furtig as reputation. Com. We are talking about women with coding and Software Engineering i mean this with the greatest of feksaffection, is it possible you have an unconscious biefer here . Yourehere bias here . I tend to believe the data. I have not seen the studies specifically that you are citing. I would be willing to you cash money that they are im with you andrew biggs is a resident scholar at the american Enterprise Institute. Tomorrow, another topic on al jazeera the prominent american journalists cuferg president obama of the greatest attack on press freedom since the nixon administration, ill tell you where the dangers lie. Im ali velshi. Thank you for journeying us. Joining us. You reacting to charges of racism. After a scathing Justice Department report ferguson fires one Police Officer, and suspends two others. An admission of guilt as the boston bombing trial gets under way. Lawyers for Dzhokhar Tsarnaev admit he did it blaming his controlling older brother return to sender. Hillary clintons personal emails subpoenaed by