This is real money. Youre the most important part of the show. Tell me what is on your mind by tweeting me ali. The streak is over. The u. S. Economy sixmonth run of generating 200,000 jobs came to an end in august. In a moment im going to discuss whether or not this news should change our view of americas economic recovery. But first the fact. Political figures show a net game of 142,000 jobs last month. Preliminary comes important and ill tell you why later. Now before we talk about why the august number may not be as bad as it sounds im going to staf satisfy your curiosity and tell you that the Unemployment Rate fell to 6. 1 . Thats because more people gave up looking for a job. In orders, not reason to cheer. Now i want to talk about one of the more interesting reasons that the number of jobs created in august fell short of expectations. But may rebound this months. Market basket, remember the new England Grocery store chain where hundreds of workers walked out in protest when the chains ceo was fired. That created havoc at Market Basket. The chain cut the hours of thousands of part timers to zero. Now the department of labor statistics said that the industry was affected by, quote, employment disruptions at a Company CalledMarket Basket. The customers are now back. The economists at ihs global said that the beverage and food category to see a gain of 30,000 jobs this no in september. Heres one reason why the data should not shake our confidence in the economic recovery, the month were talking about is august. Thats a month where fewer people respond to data collectors. No surprise, many are on vacation and that means there is usually significant revisions to causing job data. Thats why i said political numbers are important in this case. Economists say that august payroll growth has been revised higher in 12 of the last 15 years by an average of 31,000. The firm says while the report is clearly disappointing clients should not overreact given the volatility of these numbers. That sounds like good advice to me. Tom perez joins us from washington, d. C. With more. Mr. Secretary, good to see you again. Good to have you back on this show. Lets talk about this. Weve averaged 207,000 jobs per month for the last year. In noneconomical terms i would say thats better than medium but not quite high. Weve seen 15 months in a row of private sector job growth, and this month we crossed the 10 million job threshold. Were moving in the right direction, and we have been for years 37 what we need to do is pick up the pace of growth. We see taught progress over most sectors. The sector that has seen the most growth is architects, accountants, great jobs. Those who say this is a slow recovery, theyre not looking at the facts. Hourly wage earning grew 0. 06. That changes the trend weve seen in the last few months. Weve seen very little growth in average hourly earnings. 2. 1 . 2 a year was good. It was not good but not bad if we had inflation. Then we started to see inflationary concerns. This goes back decades, and wage earners, middle and lowincome earnings are not at risk at this strandsalation. You take 179, for instance, as a benchmark. Productivity has risen over 90 since then, and real wage growth has been Something Like 3 . Im a big believer in shared prosperity. Im also a believer in shared sacrifice. During the recession we had shared sacrifice. But at times as they with should have shared prosperity. Too many workers are not sharing in the prosperity coming from their hard work. The Market Basket is one example. Arthur t. Is of the belief that you should reward workers. And look at stake holders not simply shareholders. And workers are an important you stake holders. You see fast food workers going on strike. Its about wage fairness. You cant make a living. You cant make ends meet on 7. 25 an hour. Lets talk about the shared prosperity. In the election season those words are latched on to by the very same people who didnt like the term redistribution. It sounds like the redistribution of wealth. We know about half of americans are feeling much better than they were before the recession, and about half are not. If youre not in the stock market and you dont own a house, youre not feeling great. Well, and its not redistribution of wealth. Its smart economic policy. The called taking care of the middle class and its called making sure that businesses have the Customer Base to grow. Wage inequality is as big a threat to long term growth than anything. If people dont have money in their pockets they dont spend it. Let me ask you this, you said businesses need more customers. Thats another way of saying ive got enough stuff on my shelves. Ive got enough workers, ive got enough. There is a theory that weve been building capacity for so long, the workers, the plant, the materials, the goods we need. Now wereover capacity, and there is no way were going to see more robust hiring until we burn off some of the that capacity. Until were short of workers, short of factories, short of goods, do you agree . What im hearing fromyou look at the auto industry. Sales are at the highest levels than 2006. You look at consumer confidence, highest levels since 2007. Auto sales are risk. Companiesthe average person in manufacturing is working 42 hours a week. Were seeing progress in this area. But what we see you look at inflationadjusted spending by the top 5 since the end of the recession its crease increased 15 and 16 . You look at inflation adjusted spending, its increased 1 . Thats because weve had flat wages. Thats because they just dont have money in their pockets. This is all about henry ford. You know, 100 years ago he doubled the wages for people on the assembly line. And he sold more cars. Reporter he had 300 attrition. If you dont treat your workers well will leave. And he thought, people who build my cars ought to be able to buy my cars. When you put money in peoples pockets they consume it. The woman i met who is a janitor and makes 8 with no benefits. You give her a raise to 10. 10, shes not going to offshore that 2. 10 she just got. Shes going to spend it. Shes not going to perform inversion. Labor secretary tom perez. Reports reveal further evidence of income inequality across the United States. Professor of Public Policies and chief economist at Rutgers UniversityWorkforce Development center, bill served on president obamas Transition Team from november 2009 to january 2010. He also served as chief economist at the Labor Department from 2000 to 2001. You know this story very well. Great to see you. Ali. Goo. Good to see you. He was an activist about wages. His answers all move to that category. He feels that one of the biggest solutions so many of the economic isil we have is to narrow the wage disparity in this country, and to raise those at the bottom of the wage pile. Its a common refrain. Its been there for a long time and to an swift like him it is to be expected. But this probabl problem has grown. Oh, definitely. This growing chasm of the top 1 hers or 99 and the middle class family. In new jersey i do a lot of work with the united way worldwide, and we created this household called alice where it stands for asset limited. Its for households who are above poverty but dont have enough money to make ends meet based upon the costs in their community. We realize ther the number of those who are food insecure, yet theyre employed. Yes, improvements in Food Security that is families having more money for their children that is families not having to sort of stretch their budgets over the month, but when we increase the minimum wages in 200720082009 we actually see and were finding there is strong improvement in household stood security. Its just a simple little exercise. Put wages in peoples hands. And thats what the labor secretary was saying. He talked about a woman who was a janitor. If you give her a 2 raise shes not offshoring it where shes earning dividends, shes spending it. In the report of Global Competitiveness the u. S. Comes in third place and they say the growth of inequality seems to be faster here. Is there something obvious to that . I think there are several factors. The difference of institutions between the United States and the European Countries especially scandinavian countries where the social safety net is a stronger and prominent feature of society. We have this belief here that youre the master of your own destiny or the famous statement that president reagan said in the 80s that started this tidal wave of pulling back on social safety nets. The government cant spend your money as best as you can. There is an element of that. I dont want my ph. D taken away from me and throw away capitalism, but the secretary was saying we can grow the pie but we we need these institutions to raise the minimum wage, investment in job training, but globally the United Nations call it in investments in human priorities. When we slow door investments in human priorities, training, parks, infrastructure, thats where we see surges in income inequality. Now were at a point where we may see another surge because weve slowed down our investments. The biggest insulator against inequality has traditionally been education. This is the Unemployment Rate by educational level. We already told everyone that 6. 1 is the Unemployment Rate. If you do not have a High School Diploma, look at the difference, 9. 1 is their average. Now to a bachelors degree or higher. 3. 2 if you have a bosh lores degree or higher. 9. 1 if you dont have a High School Diploma education remains the biggest insulator. Its the best hedge to getting your wages cut, and the best not having those institutions there to support pup its the best hedge against havingyou lose your job but youll get a self republicans package. Its also the best hedge or giving the best chance of having Health Insurance. These winds that once were viewed as being main stays of the unemployment contact between an employer and employee, and now part of this a la carte society. You have to have the resources to be able to buy that good education for your kids. To buy that Health Insurance for your family. Thats square one. If youre food secure youre not guaranteeing your kids a college education. Okay, even if the fighting depends ukraine there is still a problem to solve there. Well tell you what could be a political stalemate. Well take you to airbed farm where husking corn is out and peeling shrimp is in. Keep it here. Now available, the new al jazeea america mobile news app. Get our exclusive in depth, reporting when you want it. A global perspective wherever you are. The major headlines in context. Mashable says. Youll never miss the latest news they will continue looking for survivors. The potential for Energy Production is huge. No noise, no clutter, just real reporting. The new Al Jazeera America mobile app, available for your apple and android mobile device. jve both ukraines government and pro russian rebels have agreed to a ceasefire today. That after moss of tightening that has killed 2600 people. The announcement was made today in nearby belarus where leaders from both sides met. Now speaking at the nato summit in wales president obama said he was, quote, hopeful but based on past experience also skeptical, end quote, about the prospects of a ceasefire holding. He says the agreement signed today means the status quo on the ground in Eastern Ukraine is probably frozen in place and it will come to look like other russiandominated quasi independent gray zones. And regions of gentleman. He joins us now from london. Timothy, good to see you. Thank you for being with us. My pleasure. The problem with your thesis, which may be correct s that it doesnt solve the overwhelming problem that nato is grappling with. Russia has become expansionists, and it expanses into one place in europe that nay codoesnt do anything about, and couldnt protect it, and ukraine is not all that important for europe but russias expansionary tendencies are. Im not sure that ukraine is not important. Half the pipelines needed to supply gas go through ukraine. Where will it stop from here. Will it stop here or go on into the baltic states. An estonian security official was arrested in estonia. That may have made nato officials particularly worried. What i said not important, i mean relative importance of ukraine to europe seems to be less than the relative importance of ukraine to russia, and the pro russian separatists are not giving up their demand for autonomy in those regions. This is not something that the Ukrainian Government is likely to agree to, but now were in a stalemate. Well, in termsill go back to your previous question maybe. But the problem with ukraine is that its not in nato so nato has no requirement on the article five to defend it. And its very much on its own. Ukraine has argued it has not had moral or economic or security support you during this significant russian incursion. Remember, they are closely tied in to moscow. And they want federal solution which means that they would have potential veto on ukraines political agenda. Remember, russias game plan is to stop nato and ukraine, and some would say its also about stopping this administration that is a reformed administration. Definitely looking to roll out a westernized development. Have you studied this for a very long time. What is your sense of how this plays out . Youre saying that the russian separatists want what they want. And Petro Poroshenko had to come in an say let talk because he knew without nato or European Forces going up against russianbacked forces or even maybe Russian Forces in ukraine would be a losing proposition. So how does this play out . Three videos. Poroshenko either accepts putins demands which i think would be political suicide. Our crane has shifted from being pretty neutral, to fairly inclined towards russia to set against russia. Main i talk to are very angry about russian intervention in Eastern Ukraine and are determinedly looking westward. And at home the political spectrum has shifted as well. The opinion polls show a very decisive shift towards statehood and independence parties. So we just cannot deliver on putins agenda. The other scenarios are continue the fight. Continue the conflict, which would be very painful and costly for both sides and essentially accept the status co. Not a very pleasing status quo which is essentially the loss of donbas but get on with the rest of ukraine with this westernizing and modernizing agenda and hope the west supports the return of ukraine that is left in that drive to become a westernized kind of country. Timothy, a pleasure to talk to you. Thank you for your strong work on this. Timothy ashe is an economists with standard bank. The violence continues to flareup in iraq. A serious of bombs killed 17 people. Up until now u. S. Airstrikes have weakened Islamic State forces in northern iraq. Now since strikes began in early august, iraqi and kurdish troops have been able to retake some ground. Al jazeera as josh rushing is in erbil, iraq, area of controlled largely by the kurds. Youve been in that area back and forth, and there are different militias fighting on your side of the line, as it we are, versus the Islamic State group. This group of countries coming together that president obama talked about, are they the countries that are close by that need to be involved in this . Do we know that . Reporter i think they appreciate any help they can get. But without qatar, saudi arabia, the u. A. E. On board theyll have problems with that strategy, ali. The groups youre working with, they want weaponry. The air coverage is helping them make advances against Islamic State, but they need assistance, and at the moment the west is dealing with the concept of there being a government in baghdad dealing with this kind of thing. I think theyre worried about sending heavy equipment to where you are for fear this strengthens the hand of the kurds . Absolutely, ali. That is a major point. When countries talk about sending weapons to iraq, if theyre sending them to baghdad, the heavy weaponry does not make it to erbil. They want to make sure that the peshmerga does not get too strong. They wont send it north. I have to say for any country thinking of sending heavy equipment into iraq its a dicey proposition. Weve seen the Islamic State has a bunch of u. S. Equipment from humvees to the larger trucks that are meant to take an i. E. D. When they defeated, they now have the humvees. Once you send them into the battlefield they can change hands fairly quickly. I think that has to be part of the calculation for any country thinking of sending weapons here. There is a lot of discussion about states who were fighting the assad regime in syria, but now there are questions about the role that turkey has with Islamic State. When you talk about the Islamic State they sort of dont seem to be too friendly with the government in turkey. There are questions whether theyre getting into syria in the first lace through turkey. Youre absolutely right. This is one of the interesting things. I wonder what was said to turkey behind closed doors. Because for years now the way foreign fighters have made it to Islamic State they fly into the border town in turkey and they cross right over. Ive talked to a number of people who have been in on those flights and you can tell the flight next to you has been young guys, they get off the plane. They walk right out of the airport, get on an van, and theyre driven away. Presumably to syria. So turkey has let this happen. What people say is they let it happen because of the Islamic State was undermining asat. It was a way for turkey to undermine assad. Now turkey has to really reconsider how they run that border. Im sure that must have been talked about at the nato meetings today. Playing eventually into the hands of bashar alassad, was hoping that the west would have to make a choice whether theyre supporting Islamic State or supporting the syrian regime. This is where it gets complicated. We will sea speak to you again. Josh rushing talking to us in erbil. Coming up, well see how American Farmers are raising shrimp hundreds of miles from the ocean when we come back. We learned today that alibaba plans to earn 60 billion by selling stock at 60 and 66 of dollars per share. That is the largest ipo ever in the world. It operates in two places in china that generated sales of 248 billion. The shares will be priced later this month and start trading on the new york stock exchange. One more number for you, after the deal alibaba could be worst more than 160 billion, about the same as amazon. It will enter the u. S. Stock market and just wont stop gaining ground. It gained half percent today and rose to a record. The s p in a narrow Dow Jones Industrial average posted their fifth consecutive weekly gains. S p has doubled in the last five years. Among the reasons, extremely low Interest Rates and efforts to stimulate the economy. With a huge global appetite for the seafood, one company that is making waves, thats puns are killing me. This company is located in a place known far more for corn than shrimp. That is right. Shrimp ask big business with record prices sales are expected to exceed 6 billion. But there is a little mom and pop shrimp farm in the middle of the midwest that is making big waves and starting revolution in this industry. It is americas favorite seafoodshrimp. Americans eat an average four pounds per person every year. That is so good. But over 90 of the shrimp americans eat is imported. Mostly from Southeast Asia an involved in the concerns of the use of antibiotics. The supply of shrimp is tight. There is a ban of summer shrimping in the golf of main because of dwindling stocks. But the wave of the future for shrimping may have gotten its start 600 miles from the nearest ocean surrounded by corner, windmills and soybeans. Its here at rdm a shrimp farm tucked away in fowler, indiana. Spouses carlene in a and Darrell Brown in a waste that has not needed a water change in four years. We do nine tests every single day. We test oxygen, nitrites, ammonia, and floc. Were not shrimp farmers any more. Were guardians of water. How long have you had this water. Four years. How does that compare to other shrimp farms . Most dont have tha water that long. We accidently kept our water and we found out the older it gets the better it gets. Its called a cyclical ecosystem that recycles nutrients and waste adding more than feed, baking soda and sea assault. Salt. The brown is the bacteria. The bacteria is what they need so they can survive without a major filter system. With 16 run of the mill Backyard Pools as growing tanks they have an impressive 90 survival rate, a third higher than most farms. Impressing even skeptical experts. Theyre very much the innovators in this. The biggest challenge is being here every day. Its just another agriculture enterprise. How are you . At 0. 10 a head, they sell 180,000 immature shrimp a month to a dozen growing farms and another 400 pounds directly to walk ins each month as 19 a pound. So this is not what you see in the supermarket. When you gait shrimp. No, they cant be frozen with the head on. And then if you look are right where your thumb is at, thats where its heart is at. Will are two dozen shrimp farms, some that the browns helped to set up. What impact do you hope to have . The more shrimp we have, the more farmers we have, the more beneficial it is for everyone. Because they raise the shrimp indoors theyre able to harvest three to four times a year compared to others places,s once per year. That shrimp is tasty and under demand. There are restaurant that want it, supermarkets that want it. I had shrimp last week for dinner. You scared me. I never want to eat shrimp again. Four years . Yes, well, you know what, that water, its just what shrimp naturally do. Its cleaner there than where most shrimp comes from. There is a lot of contamination in other places. Thats the best shrimp around as far as i can tell. Let me ask you. You mentioned they had regular swimming pools, what would it cost to start up an operation like that . For the browns to help you start up an entire operation it will cost about 120,000 for eight tanks. But let me low it in there, theyre powering that whole thing off an onehorsepowerred generator. Thats all it takes. What a story. Thank you for joining us. You can catch phil and the techno gang 7 30 eastern and 4 30 pacific. Moving on up out of the middle class used to mean moving out to the suburbs, not any more before well tell you why. I go to a Public High School outside of the city limits of atlanta. Its 99 African American we do get a quality education. You know we have teachers that really care about us as far as the African American stereotypes, all the music they listen too is rap, they only use ebonics, they dont know how to speak proper english, theyve never read a book in their life, all they do is get high, smoke weed, no. Ive never been exposed to anything like that. Coming from a mom who as a single mother, had her first child at 16, who is the ceo of her own company, me being someone who is about to graduate, who is the recipient of a full scholarship, the stereotype is absolutely flawed. Did it ever cross your mind that. Being a single mother that, your children may end up like the statistics say theyre gonna fail being a single mom. Raising five kids, ive always said you guys, you be 100 the best that you can be i would like to run for the senate in 2032. Then it leads to the great big goal in life, to run for the office of the president of the United States of america catch more stories from edge of eighteen on Al Jazeera America weve been following the lives of three families struggling to make ends meet as parts of our series americas middle class, rebuilding the dream. Tonight we well hear from the Williams Family. Stephanie had landed a job with the School System with a badly needed raise. Much needed money. But the family would have to move to chicago from the home in suburbs. They recently found an apartment, and theyre looking forward to leaving their house with its many challenges, including being underwater financially and having only one bathroom. Im just looking forward to the fresh start. If you knew then what i know now about owning a home. Were on the first floor. Its beautiful. Three bathrooms. And we have double sinks. It was an increase of 800. Just because you make more money. Thats a lot. We looked for places that were cheaper in the city than the place that we found, but the down fall of that they were right in the middle of stuff you see on tv. My aunt said the other day, chicago is bad. You shouldnt move to chicago, but i can go two blocks west out here in this neighborhood, and go into a really rough street. My mom was asking about the yard shape. You have different parts and Different Community organizations. It will now be cheaper because well be chicago residents. Im nervous about the noise. Hopefully we dont have issues with the neighbors because it is such a nice, nice place. It seems things are getting brighter. Definitely getting that raise. A new job. Of course, my baby over here, that was wonderful, but then it just seems like everything after that, you know, it just starts to fall into place. Thats a falling in place one last element to fall into place, the sell of their house which is underwater. In the meantime, the Williams Family have moved into their new apartment and she enjoys her commute reduced from an hour and a half drive to an eight minute bike ride. According to the census bureau, there were 2. 3 million more People Living in metro areas an in 2013 than in 2012. Whats driving the exodus from suburbs to cities. Lee, great to see you. Great to be here. The williams are talking about moving to the city like i talk moving out to the suburbs. This is foreign. This is reversal of the american dream, and were seeing it happen all over the place. Whats happening is that so many people moved out to the suburbs in search of a better life, that pastoral image, the pillar of america as we know it. They find that number one, the commutes are terrible. One and a half hours each day. Thats real money, real gas, Real Relationships with kids. People think, i have to prioritize this and many did get stuck in these homes. You heard her say, if i had known what was going to happen i would have kept renting. Absolutely. Thats why were seeing the numbers a real shift in terms of homeowners and renters, and many more people are renting. Its a seismic shift, and weve only seen the beginning of it. You wrote in your book, and this is a few years ago. A year ago. You wrote that it seems to be a bill of goods that involves the house, the white picture fence and driving around, and its not working out for a lot of people. For a lot of people. The suburbs changed. If you remember from the show wonder years or the older railroad suburbs that are built around these quaint villages, we engineered the cuteness and charm out of these suburbs, and made places that are far apart. You have to drive to get anywhere and its not pleasant to walk anywhere, and that lifestyle engineered out the even the community, the sense of community. Youre not running into people. A lot of people moved to the suburbs and said this isnt the life that i thought i was getting. A woman in my book, she said she lived in a nice suburbs for ten years and realized she had never been in any of her neighbors kitchens. Dont get me wrong, some people get that but by and large the trend is shifting. Youre a Business Reporter like i am, and one of the things that you pointed out in your book is there a remarkable cost to have decided that everyone was living in the suburbs, and they dont pay for themselves. The tax base continues to pour in. If you think about it, it makes sense. Everything costs a little bit morer distances. Not just getting to and from work, but laying pipes for sewage, and the tax ref news do not begin to pay for the pipes that have laid out. And they have to be replaced every 25 years and maintained. The revenue does not come close to paying for it. I have a character in my book who claims this is all just a ponzi scheme. He was a former Civil Engineer who built sprawl and had thi this epiphany. This is a different situation. Now one thing that you and i talked about in the past, which always stuck with me there, are some of these suburbs that are r rereengineering themselves to be more like cities. A lot of developers are noticing there is this incredible hole in what people want and what they want to get from their communities. Communities are going up in the suburbs in a have kind of their own little downtown places to gather, you see these neighborhoods going up that have a mix of Single Family houses that are not super far apart but they might have town holes. The Old Town Development had a mix of different housing. It was not supposed to be one sides fits all. And more walk edge. People are talking about walkable about the way they used to sell homes with three story foyers. There is a website called walk score and you can plug in your address and get your walkability score. Lee, always a pleasure. Thank you, ali. Lee gallagher. The end of the suburbs. Its a book about the future and assistant managing editor at forbes magazine. Well go to jewelry bowl land who is having some success. And premiering a new serious examining the lives of Six High School students as they approach graduation and wonder what to do with their lives. Well have a sneak preview. Well look at why College Enrollment is down across the country. Those stories and more when real money continues. This sunday Al Jazeera America is launching a new documentary series edge of 18, a sixpart series that takes us inside the lives of High School Seniors, each of them struggling to answer that unavoidable question what do i do with the rest of my life . Each week well meet a Different Group of teens. This sunday the graduating seniors are all considering college, but each wants a more traditional education, or wants more what traditional education has to offer. Brandomeet alex gibney who directed the series. Many kids are asking powerful questions, where do i fit in . How do i make a difference . How do i better my life . Is there a lace for me when im out of high school . This is a time of uncertainty and there does not seem to be a clear path for people to follow. My application process is different from other high schoolers. Not only do i have to apply to the colleges and get in academically. But i also have to apply for the dance school separately and go and audition to these places. Is there any mail for me today . Yes, youve got one from arizona, from the dance department. Wahoo. I want to thank you guys for accepting me for me. [applause] this is an university. This is my dream school. California. Yeah, i always wanted to go to california. Its the other side of the country. I know. For a kid like hanoi who has come out, hes gay. His father is a macho character, he cant accept it. When somebody cry, we cant help you. You know this is right. Mmhmm. Its 2014. Nobody cares if youre gay any more. And yet he has a fourth rightness about confronting his parents that i dont think i had the courage to do when i was that young. It felt really great confronting my father about letting him know, just because im gay does not mean that im week. After high school i have two options. Whether or not i should go into ministry full time or going to college this fall. Hes a preacher at the age of 17. And hes trying to reckon with his faith at a time when even his parents dont share it. Yet that teaches us a lot about the power of religion. I dont want to be someone who tells you you cant do ministry, but i dont want to see you waste all the hard work youve done by making a decision not to go to school. I think the biggest challenge for these kids is how to find a way forward with a sense of both ambition and compassion. My parents have their plan that they want me to follow, but im going to do what god asks me to do before i do what they tell me to do. I dont want to be gay. Just take this curse off of me. Im afraid that i wont get in. And that i wont know that im doing. [ sobbing ] thats edge of 18 this sunday at 9 00 p. M. Eastern. Well, theyre all looking at college but for many graduating seniors the road ahead does not include a college degree. Enrollment across all types of colleges has dropped an average of 1 last year. The hardest hit are fouryear, for profit schools financ. Part of the problem is head count. There are simply fewer High School Seniors graduating today. Donachiedon, just a little earlier we had a conversation with a labor economists. We were discussing what we all know. College education is expensive, and is it worth it. If you have a bachelors degree or highing, your Unemployment Rate is half the national average, so clearly its worth it. That is correct, and, in fact, the wage gap between people with High School Diplomas and College Degrees two or four year continues to grow. Investment in most secondary education continues to be a good deal for most students. I wouldnt necessarily have thought that a proportional decrease in the number of kids graduating from high school would result in decrease of the number of people applying to university. I would have thought that would mean more seats available, more access to people. But thats not how its working out. Thats correct. Probably the biggest driver is just plain there are fewer people graduating from high school. But another part of the story is that the composition of the graduating classes are changing. There has been a large influx of latino immigrants over the past decades, two decades. Many of them, not all, i dont want to engage in stereotyping, but many will come from families whose parents have not gone to college. Many of them have not graduated from high school. In some cases english is not the first language spoken at home, and were going to see a 41 increase in the number of latino students graduating from high school. We know from a good deal of research any time you have lowincome, firstgeneration and you add to it english not necessarily the first language spoken at home, a smaller percentage of those students are going to go on to college. You have a double effect of declining number of high school graduates, and an increasing number of first generation lowincome students being a part of that class. Is that going to remedy itself . Yowill that remedy itself with the next generation or is this a problem that we have to be looking at . No, by the time latinos reach generation status their post secondary education participation is the same as other kids. Some are getting creative in finding students to come in. We know that Ivy League Schools are not having a problem. Able to recruit from a broader pool, many international, but its the schools in the middle. The nonpublic nonIvy League Schools that are having a problem. How are they generally compensating for it . You have the forprofits and the notfor profits, and theyre going down different paths. We dont know what path forprofits are going to go down. I think its a combination of demography, and i think its unfair to paint all forprofits with the same press that some have gotten, but that press has affected the interest of students attending forprofit institution misof in the not for profit institutions, the lesser known, the combination of costs and more institutions competing for students i think is also causing a problem. Has and will continue to cause a problem for the notforprofit privates that are not well endowed. Theyre not large or household names. What a pleasure talking with you. Professor ofation at university of finished bloomingtoindiana university in bloomington. Coming up, indias Prime Minister marks 100 days in office. Well discuss the hits and misses and why hes a celebrity. Plus the price of popular prescription drugs. Ill show you why a lot of them are not the bargain they used to be. Thats sunday 5 00 eastern, 2 00 pacific. Heres something to warm your cockles right before the weekend. Market basket. We told you about how employees from the 71 new england abortionry stores wen new englandnew England Grocery stores went on strike when its ceo was fired. Those Market Basket disruptions were part of the reasonnot only did these workers fight and win for the leadership they wanted in place and make National Headlines in the process, they brought a multi billion Dollar Grocery chain to its niece and they rocked augusts jobs numbers. You cant discount the quote unquote little guys. They were not unionized. They didnt have a budget. They just had the power of the collective voice, and they got the results that they were looking for. They accomplished in three weeks what some major labor unions have not been able to do in years, they also helped the company out in the long run. Lets face it, all the headlines and sympathetic press for Market Basket, thats great free advertising. Im ali velshi. Thank you for joining us, and have a great weekend. [ music ] threats to nonmember states. A special report in a moment, first the headlines a call for a global pact against Islamic State group. Obama enlisting support for a campaign to destroy Islamic State fighters in iraq and syria, calling them a threat to the world. N. A. T. O. Allies are ready to confront the threat