Just off the coast of the Pacific Northwest lies a potential killer, a 700 million long geological fault line called the kerr cascadiasubducti, on zone. The big one. It lies far out to sea. Hidden beneath the waves. The waiting earthquake. I try and look as it could happen any day this man is a regional manager for the federal Emergency Management agency in the Pacific Northwest. One of these earthquakes could be a monster. I think people are just not mentally or physically prepared to think about how bad something that large can be. The earthquake is supposed to be about a 9. 0, maybe 9. 1 earthquake which is going to rock and roll everything around here for three to five minutes chuck wallac is for greys harbour county on the washing coast. They believe the biggest wave we will have is 22 feet in this area here. However, there is a plus and minus 30 on that. So it could be 30 feet high. Youre not only getting went wave but multiple waves all around the coast of the pacific sew shan there is tension where the plate slides under, colonel ideas with and sticks on the technical tonic techtonic plaits and when those plates break free the result is catastrophic, something that until recently scientists thought was impossible in the Pacific Northwest. People made really what i would call arm waving arguments to say we dont see earthquakes. There are no earthquakes all that changed with clever detective work, clues put together buy scientifics. Evidence of a giant earth quake and tsunam i that hit on tragic january night in 1700. Long before the arrival of the first european settlors and a written record. Science people this woman, a Research Scientist began to collect the stories of native americans the key story for he was the person who was telling the story said my father told me that at the time the thunder bird thought the whale was a jumping up and a shaking of the earth beneath and a rolling up of the great waters. These elements of shaking or flooding, they were able to trace that up and down the coast tails from a generation long ago of shaking earth, a giant wave of ccanoes left in trees and entire villages washed away on a single winter night. All this from a time when european map makers, the Pacific Northwest, was a great unknown, undiscovered, unchartered and unexplored. To learn about the legend and hear the stories, we travelled into the heart of vancouver island, british columbia, down to an acqer, village of the first people. We have our big meetings here where we met with tribal leaderer. He has histories recorded from more than 50 years ago. The people that had gone to bed at night had felt the ground shake. Shortly after that, thats when they noticed the big wave coming in. Then its that wave that wiped out the village down there. I will go to my favourite spot dennis took me down to the place where the village once stood in the tsunam is path. On the waters edge an inlet facing the pacific what did the Community Look like . Where were People Living . It would look like the most obvious thing that they would be living along the beach and the river so when the wave came, it came right up the inlet . Yeah. Were talking something huge coming in here because of how shallow it is there. Ive been taught that events in this world have happened that have been so big that theyve been able to move the whale out of the water because native americans didnt use calendars to keep track in time as the same way of europeans, the stories gave no date. Another clue came from far away in 1960. A mass of earth quake in chili a deadly storm which reached japan 24 hours later. This from an earthquake a thousand miles away was a revelation and it gaves researchers there an idea. The idea is that a tsunam i comes from another place, and you dont know where Brian Atwater is a geologist. In the aftermath of the disaster, japanese experts said what other ones do we have in our history that came from peru or chili when the reckoning was finished there was one tsunam i with no match, one in january 1700. Searching for the earthquake which caused that or fan tsunam i researchers looked to the Pacific Northwest. This is probably the most distinct there they found irrefutable geological proof in a crosssection of marsh land. The soil of an marsh down here, then sand mutt layers like that mud layers like that. Each of these are interpreted as a wave in the train of the evening of 26 january 1700 by the japanese dating theres one more clue from the 1700 earthquake and tsunam i. A piece of evidence pointing to the zones ability to produce what geologists call a giant earth quake, registering a magnitude 9 or higher. High School Science teacher john harwood took us out onto the elk wood river. Itch i see a tree and another one here to look for ghost trees. These things are like monday ewe meant monuments sticking out of the ground like this one, a western red cedar, dead 300 years but still standing. The best guest is this tree died as a result of the earthquake in 1700 the tree stands as an Historical Marker and as a warning. The tree is a dieter are here to say, this is probably going to happen again theres Something Else geologists have learned. Another earthquake and tsunam i could come at any time. Simple math tells us were on the windows. Take cover under a desk coming up, what is being done to prepare for the worst if another monster earthquake and tsunam i. I told everyone that no help is coming. You need to plan that no help is coming. Emergency planners are warning seattle appeared the west of the Pacific Northwest about the coming magnitude 9 earthquake. How the ground will shake violently for four to six minutes, how that will followed by a tsunami that could be as high as 30 to 40 feet. The question is not if there will be an an earthquake, but when, and it could come at any time. This entire area that were in now older brick buildings this man thinks seattle is unprepared for a major earthquake and he shows me why. In an older section of the city down Town Buildings dating back a century. This district you just need to look at it head of the Emergency Management for 11 years, he says seattle has 800 unreinforced buildings. They would likely pancake in an earth quake. The walls will separate from the building and the floors fall down. Were talking like the hades earthquake where structure collapsed on top of one another are cities and community doing what they need to do in order to protect their citizens . I dont think this state is going to take the safety in an appropriate until were dragging dead bodies out of buildings. For these older structures, this was built before anyone knew anything about says seismic risk geologyists now understand the empty reinis at risk of a storm. Two plates pushing against each other, one over the top of the other the cascadia zone has produced giant earthquakes every 300 to 500 years. The last one was 315 years ago. Should the big one hit, this man is the one who will be in charge of the federal government response. He knows scientists predict the next quake could be a monster magnitude 9. What is an earthquake at 9. 0 or more look like . You dont know how long it will shake, what way the movement of the ground is going to move up or down, left or right or all the above, which can damage bridges, roads, tunnels, Communications Lines that are buried underground, natural gas, water lines you could have Water Systems fail so people dont have water to drink here is a Washington State department of transportation of a magnitude 7 earthquake with the especially center closer to down town seattle showing how vulnerable the citys infrastructure is. A cascadia earthquake could be a magnitude 9 or above. One hundred times more powerful. Take cover under a desk or a table at this School Children prepare for an earth quake in an annual drill. Stay under until the building has been declared safe because noone knows when earthquakes are coming. We are going to evacuate it is said it is hard to get people focused on earthquake preparations. Across our country we have different seasons, tornao, season. I tell everyone that every day is earthquake season an earthquake is one risk from the cascadia abduction zone. Because the earthquake would cause water up heavily, a tsunami is sure to follow and tsunamis have been deadlier than erodes wakes historically. Just look at what happened in japan in 2011. After a magnitude 9 quake, tsunami waves the height of a twostorey building rolled in. Nearly 16,000 died. 90 drowning in the tsunami waves. We will actually have more deaths and injuries from the tsunami than actually from the earthquake. Were talking in the thousands and were talking people that could be homeless in the millions, there will be tremendous very bad effects on the community in washington and oregan would mean waves 30 to 40 feet high with the first wave hitting the shore line 15 to 30 minutes after the earthquake. Chuck wallace is director in Emergency Management. Do people here understand the cascadia zone, do they understand the risk . I think they do to get a better look at the challenges facing coastal communities, he took me up an Observation Tower on the coast. I think once the tsunami waves come and they will be coming from right where youre looking at right out in front of us, youre just hoping you can get to Higher Ground even though roads are marked with tsunami evacuation roots, he says the earth quake that proceeds the tsunami will maybe the roads undrivable. That means walking to Higher Ground. The math is not encouraging. A tsunami is likely to hit within half an hour of an earthquake. The high ground from here in west port is a 50minute walk. In case you were wondering, wallace says this tower would not survive a tsunami. Theres more. A tsunami isnt like a wind generated wave, the kind you see at the beach. Theyre caused by the sea jerking upwards causing a massive wall of water. The wave is vines and vines of water that comes in. It will move and destroy everything, and the biggest part is, once it comes through and it starts receding, more than likely youre going to have two three tlsh four wave and the second wave is going to take the debris that was created from the first wave and now that becomes a battering ram. So it starts banging into the walls and destroying more property, cars become battering rams, trees, everything becomes a battering ram across the bay from west port, ocean shores. Their option is . Their etchings is to get to the highest place you can get to as quickly as you can get to and wait. You just hold on and hope for the best coming up, hoping for the best. Were going to be prepared the best we can, and thats about all you can do and preparing for the worst. But we know that we face an earthquake tsunami hazard. Here. Thats our biggest threat the tale of two schools in the bulls eye of the cascadia tsunami. The only way to get better is to challenge yourself, and thats what were doing at xfinity. We are challenging ourselves to improve every aspect of your experience. And this includes our commitment to being on time. Every time. Thats why if were ever late for an appointment, well credit your account 20. Its our promise to you. Were doing everything we can to give you the best experience possible. Because we should fit into your life. Not the other way around. Welcome back to the special america tonight. A beach side vertical evacuation structure designed to withstand a magnitude 9 earthquake and a tsunami. A Community Spending millions of dollars to prepare for the worst so its School Children survive the big one. West port wassing tonne sits washington sits on the edge of north america. For more than 300 years, the continental plate has been locked with a plate under the pacific. Theyre stuck along april 700 million stretch called the cascadia abduction zone. That has geologists like this man taking notice. When they suddenly get unstuck, then you can get very big earthquakes when big earthquakes happen offshore, theyre often followed by big tsunamis. The tsunami is setoff by the warping of the ocean floor that raises the water column in some areas and lowers it in others the worst Case Scenario in a big open ocean tsunami, a 30 to 40 foot wall of water barrelling towards shore, with residents only getting 15 to 30 minutes head start to reach the safety of Higher Ground. Were less than half a mile from the pacific owe his honour. The zone is about 50 miles off our coast so we know that we face an earthquake tsunami hazard here. Thats our biggest threat this woman is a School Superintendent in west port. When will this be finished . In march she is worried about that threat. So when she started planning for a new elementary school, she decided to see if local residents would agree to pay more about 20 more to make sure the town School Children could survive an earthquake and tsunami. She met me there in the structure during a torrential rain. Our topography are similar to that in japan so people are aware of the risk. Theyre willing to put their hard earned tax dollars to this purpose the cost to the School District which serves west port and four other small communities, has Pacific Ocean on one side and a bay on the other. Just across that bay is ocean shores, another community flanked by water. Its on the School District. Here is ocean shores school. We will be prepared and thats all you can do dave wayman is head of the School Safety committee. He is well aware of the earthquake and tsunami risk. Youve described this School Building as a stick building. Correct what does that mean . Wood. Its basically two by four and stick building typically are what we see in this area, Pacific Northwest how would this building do . Stick buildings are, obviously, not as substantial in their ability to withstand a direct tsunami ronda ham is the principal at ocean shores elementary. She is planned for the worst case sten. What do you do with your kids . All our students drp cover and hold on. Once the shaking starts, then we evacuate its the second floor isnt high enough and theres a good chance it wont be if theres a major earthquake and tsunami. They go up to the Storage Space under the eves of the third floor. Its a very steep ladder and so we make our we have our six graders practice this so they get comfortable with going up and down this ladder so the 6 graders take the little kids. They help with the younger kids going up and along with our staff can we go up . You bet these stairs are really steep. Okay. Then where do they go . They then come in here. We have all the kids have an emergency supply kit. This room is full of high voltage equipment. What happens . I main, no power after an earthquake . Well, you hope in this case more than likely we are probably not going to have power, but we also have an emergency switch that one of my Staff Members is assigned to flip that off. Getting out, if you cant go back down those stairs, youre only your only way is through the roof. You would get out through the roof how . Were looking at one of two mains right now. One is getting some type of hatchet or battery before powder chainsaw is the best means that were looking at this building, is this engineered to withstand a nine magnitude earthquake . We hope so, but it is not an earthquake established school. It wasnt built for that in west port School Superintendent paula agoland helped to support a 13. 8 Million Dollar bond issue in 2013 for a new elementary school. In the plan, modelled on the best that survived the japanese quake and tsunami. A roof over the gymnasium designed as a vertical tsunami rev few the first of its kind in america, automatic because of voters in this working class beach side town saw the risk. The pilings go 50 feet down and these beams are anchored into the foundation. Then theres a tonne of rebar in these walls these are really heavily reinforced . Yes. This is the roof the roof is 58 feet above the ground, more than 80 feet above sea level. Big enough for automatic 700 students as well as all 700 students as well as the staff. A thousand or more people in all. The doors will be opened to anyone who can get there in the event of danger. Could you do that here . I think there would have to be some work done youre telling me this community is not ready . I am not going to say that. We have to keep educating our folks. Its a matter of life and death and time. The longer you wait, the more chance you run the risk of something happening. Money is a big issue, i will say that. I think people saw what happened in indonesia and japan. I think that they recommdations that we are not immune one other community that is making plans for disaster, the hueaet where history passed from generation to generation, tells of the earth shaking and the giant waves that washed hundreds away. Were now going to build up on Higher Ground. People living there now will have an opportunity to have a house built up here to move up and away from danger . Yeah he is guided by science and by a story his grandfather told him more than half a century ago. This wise old man must have known that this was not the only event. He must have known that there is going to be another event in the future. I want to prepare my people for it thanks again for joining us on this special edition on america tonight. 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