serve one term leading u. s. from 977 to 1981. after leaving the white house he has remained active, carrying out humanitarian was winning a nobel peace prize for it in 2002. ah, just a quick update on our headlines this. our top diplomats from america and china have been holding direct talks just weeks after tensions over a chinese balloon. the entered american air space antony blinkin told wang ye that american sovereignty should never again be violated. and also one china against providing material support to russia in its war with ukraine. meanwhile, united states has made its most serious condemnation, yet of russia accusing moscow of crimes against humanity in ukraine. it was vice president, pamela harris, made the comments at the munich security conference, demanding justice. the u. s. is already accused russia war crimes, but crimes against humanity are considered more serious under international law. in the case of russia's actions in ukraine, we have examined the evidence. we know the legal standards and there is no doubt. these are crimes against humanity. over 46000 people have been confirmed dead 12 days after the earthquakes and tuck he and syria touch authority say more than a 1000000 people in the country of been left homeless and more than 364000 departments destroyed off the shocks or also continuing to shake the area in just the last few hours, a 5.2 magnitude quite struck central turkey at the depth of 10 kilometers in our developments the well food program is pleading with authorities and syria to give them more access. now the aid group says that time and money are running out to help hundreds of thousands of survivors in the north west. the area is controlled by forces that are opposed to the syrian president, bashar assad. now the program coming up next exam and some of the root causes of war and ukraine to stay with us for that. 123000000 mergers have registered to vote in the printer to into pretty general remarks. tend to put a 1000000 more the entire voting population in the rest of west africa, the water sewer, trash about the economy insecurity on i'm important functions, it will bring you comprehensive coverage of this election. the candidates, i but you oh mm mm. i am ukraine. the settings for the largest military conflict in europe since the 2nd world war rushes assault relentless from its 1st incursion on february 20 flew in thick it's sprained, painful for sue. my 1st reaction was a problem. i've just lost my country or in my shopping with my never come back there. ah, ukrainian fight is definetly resisting a much larger and will powerful military force. the cities bombed village is destroyed. strategic installations reduced to ashes ah, for weeks, any effort said a ceasefire. futile humanitarian corridors under fire. both sides blaming the other. the lives of millions transformed forever. hook under his tension. someone who hello has lost their homes for millions, flat from ukraine. hundreds of thousands are fighting. i can't believe that you 1st wasn't touched by this war. ah ah by february of 2022, a mass of russian forces are gathered at the buddha with ukraine. yet the assault couches many by surprise, i thought that it's possible to crush up within very few crane, but i didn't believe that this will do. it would be a soul, like the likeliest scenario. i so did, they would somehow find a diplomatic solution for what was going on. most of ukrainians didn't believe ukrainian government in into of ukraine intelligence, even bill of ukraine. a military analyst didn't believe in the full scale invasion . we've all been very surprised by the scale of this war. not so much by the brutality of it, but in ukraine we really see the kind of war that we thought would never happen again. ah, which involves a lot of tanks. ah, oh, a lot of bombing and, and it's, it's something that has only surprised us. i think it's a surprise to russian military too. but the roots of this conflict run deep. the seeds planted as far back as 1989 with the collapse of the soviet union. in the span of a few years, russia lose as much of its power and influence. ah, many of the countries and regions at once dominated unshackled from moscow's control several soviet republics, claim independence, including ukraine. this new world order does not sit well with the man who becomes russia's new president at the turn of the millennium. and what he did young vladimir putin in gradges the store last for such as forced us by the assess for say, user, it is that each skin yet sprayed lever ear ah linea war it, i got no good, i saw i. but this guy's our globally sca catastrophe. ah, that's ella, less dell if not old. it's a displeasure. he's never reluctant to voice 52, a phillip is not able to amuse her. go audio, still cushing and sales goes. her user will accompany sheet your ability to speak with us through the acre there. i see scott was on the road and the stolen is the issue around me. this yet. kimberly one of mattress egerton you said you just need of gazelle. is there p dealing me or a secretary to need that thing? right, sar. stepping out of walk. awkward and verify you is stage school miss you on boylen at the da store was more than that one you destiny? to porcelain? a story now tor stoba is private. our sheep keep hoarsely, ah, was there can shania colored never any. this is really at the core of russian history. um and are putting would see himself as the guardian office. his mission is not to prevent nato expansion in eastern europe. his mission is to restore on russian imperial power in eastern europe. soon after the fall of the ussr, several eastern block nations join nato, as well as one former soviet republic. estonia, however, it seems as ukraine's flirtations with the west that must infuriate putin wouldn't to night stand. i read a few glory cut dora. ah, balise, nana imma santa. as abortion, i guess the place was to crane the, which in viet it is when you visited store store, he was a dash of dollar of those to busted by digital. not what the main threat was ukraine breaking away, determining its own fate without russia. that was the real danger here in of course, that danger involves ukraine becoming part of nato. ukraine becoming part of the you while attending a summit of nato leaders in bucharest in 2008 to 10 makes his views clear. even in the letter good. i knew that washing over your little walker. yes. which will of god. what already will your, with the want is the, is that you get the wish and thought go of the go order, would it was bring it to what i see. you got pretty my good was, is obviously still last restaurant. still, nato continues to ignore russia's grievances promising ukraine and georgia. they would be welcome to join the western military alliance. but in the future, leaving both countries militarily vulnerable with a powerful and angry neighbor than nathan shallow looks like the very irresponsible fin the promise ukraine, or become a member of nato into christ. ah, but they never had a near consensus about issue and membership action plan for ukraine. and now it appears they have never even desire to defend the ukraine. and that's what supposed nato it's, it was all about. this is about defense of all the members. if, if you, when they were going to defense ukraine, why are you then chrome, is this from the member of them at the, the membership in nato? i think there is a lot of responsibility here to be, to be born by the nato states. i think, ah, there was a presumption on the basis of what happened in the 19 ninety's and to thousands that nato expansion would not be opposed by russia. m, as in russia would not be able to do anything to stop it. and i think this is a fundamental error on, on the pollinators planners. and they were warned about this in august of 2008, rush and back to fight is show trojan villages from south the city and of has yet to republics, internationally recognized as part of georgia. russia however, insist their independence georgia fights back. it's retaliation immediately branded provocation by russia, as well as by both republics. after a few days of scottish is russian forces invade supposedly on their behalf. after 5 days of heavy fighting, georgia forces capitulates a victory for russia, a strong message sent to ukraine. russia laid down on a warning if you like in the form of the, of the war with georgia, that this country would not be allowed to join nato. and there was a threat to its integrity if that course was pursued was absolutely perimeter on. in georgia, the pretext was that georgia grew oppressed it's minorities in the north. so what 14 swore they're relied on was that he could frame these 2 northern provinces of georgia as being under attack as the people they're being oppressed by george nationalists, which is exactly the same as we can see. as we've been seeing in ukraine on with it on boss, reaching the succession of ukrainian president, post independence to pursue different agendas useless. some seek closer ties with moscow. others integration with the e. u and nato most plagued by corruption. ukraine has been genuinely pulled in different directions, both economically and strategically, but the western parts of the country have many more ties towards the west. they have much more of a strong interest in joining the you. the eastern parts of the country are much more closely integrated with russia economically, demographically. they have much more of an interest in maintaining close ties with russia. in parts of ukraine's east. a powerful russian minority is determined to strengthen links to what they regard as their motherland. the region also has strong historical ties to russia. bones not lost on putin, but the doors, u. s. 3000000 you. i'd be surprised to rice, you. it doesn't mean that the snar synchrony races cannot stick a thorough on been you my to watch a shuttle comes to museum. with that i see is going me are there said that euros. close each nick, toyota we what, what did there it was? service go press, transmitted by shuttle scheme here. ah, got dory cut on. she died. wasn't literally stores or not. i've seen that washed or a zappa don't. gilbert teacher scare ah, by you to see that. i see. there are no clear historical narratives. it's laid out ukraine holds especially position in proteins thinking for 14 on you could let georgia goal you could let the boy take school. you couldn't even let cut us on goal, but you couldn't let go of ukraine with a population that speaks easton. slavic languages which he regards as just dialects of russian. victor, yanna cove ich elected ukrainian president and 2010 puts his predecessors efforts to join nato on hold. instead, he looks east to build a stronger alliance with moscow. he renews russia the lease of a naval base and crimea and exchange for cheaper gas. but at the same time, he pursues an association agreement with the european union. even this is a step too far for russia. moscow exerts great economic pressure on keith to derail the agreement and offers ukraine a much needed multi $1000000000.00 loan with attractive terms. in late 2013 yanna cove, which accepts russia's deal and shelves that you agreement within days demonstrate as take to the streets to voice that disapproval the euro. my dan protest authorities intervene with brutal force protest. his respond by taking up arms the situation quickly. spirals out of control within an already divided nation violence escalates even further. as a faction of hot who nationalists, the ones president putin, refers to his nazis, gets involved. they're determined to remove all ethnic russians and pro russian ukrainians from the country. in mid february, after months of mounting violence, yanna coverage, please, the country for russia on february 22nd, the ukrainian parliament votes unanimously to remove him from his post jupiter's, about o'clock in the victory in the gorge and western eyes, a successful popular revolution. but russia sees it very differently who russian government, sore or the your mother or allusion as a, could the tar that the was exploited by the united states. they didn't see the cost euro my daniel craig on government as a sam's a scandal like a sore and government, they started. enthusiasm, has seen the ukranian government as a poppet all the united states. this was a huge simplification or what happened. but if you ask about how you might seem, see, may claim that ukraine has actually been camp chair by the medical nationalists forces by the united states. and now he's allegedly liberate him ukraine from the hostile forces. the criminal doesn't really believe the genuine popular movements exist. um, it thinks that all of these things law you know, puppets manipulated either by the cia or by some one else in a way the my done is really the outcome of a, of a much longer polarization. in ukraine that's been gradually unfolding and intensifying over the past 20 years. nearly a few days after ghana cove is ousted from power, putin orders the invasion of the crimean peninsula, an area on the black sea in ukraine south, when military skirmishes raged for years. and early march of 2014, within a month, russia annex is crimea. at the same time, moscow also supports on separatist fighters, and the don, yes, and no hands regions in east and ukraine. this fighting in the dumbass ignites into a full military confrontation between the ukrainian and russian military, as well as various armed militia groups. several efforts at a ceasefire. fail agreements were greater autonomy is granted to the region ignored . yet we see this now in hindsight, as a can a dress rehearsal what is happening now that you know that the annexation of crimea, the russian fermenting of separatism in the dawn bus. those were in a, were an early version of this same impulse which was preached in saying to the world, i am willing to tell you crane a pop to stop the west getting in the fighting. and the dumbass drags on by the end of 2021. it claims more than 13000 lives. all the while russian troops and maths in huge numbers along the eastern border with ukraine. moscow claims these trip movements are merely military exercises. while at the same time warning, the west time is running out for a negotiated settlement. the world watches on, fearing the wa, while hoping its simply russia flexing its muscles. on february 24th 2022, a full scale military invasion begins. russell award, her birth douglas, or she just got his delaney on the aperture in as arbor g. even a 3 and i see here, and i talked to godaddy or store fortune store store, but i sent of sobriety searches ronel, bridgeford i in there and as upward yet that will. it was now not in there, started her. ah europa, she dollar store at the study. i believe the russian invasion is relentless and seemingly indiscriminate. cities throughout the border areas besieged by persistent bombing and more to fire, to fall russia claims not to be targeting residential areas. holmes schools, and even hospitals. a heads repeatedly with moscow focus as its strongest offensive on strategic cities along the biloxi coast and kerosene. and mary apple residents completely besieged trapped under an endless barrage of missile an aerial attacks. after less than a month of fighting, the death toll estimated to be well over $5000.00 civilians and mario pole alone. many of them children. at the same time, the russian army has opened france along ukraine's northern border while trying to move ever closer to the capital, keith millions, desperately flee the wall, mostly women, children and the elderly men of fighting age, volunteer or may to stay and take part in the fighting ukraine puts up a strong opposition. one seemingly led by ukraine's president bellotta may zalinski as the leader of my, the media savvy leader, posts frequent daily videos, calling for the nation to stand up to the aggressor. his message also seen and heard throughout the world, making him the face of ukraine's resistance. despite facing a much larger and better a to russian military force, that resistance proves very effective. schooling rushes advance and on several fronts. pushing them back, their retreat uncovers the carnage russian forces leave behind corpses of civilians strewn throughout residential areas and a legacy of landmines, an unexploded ordnance to make the eventual return home at dangerous endeavour. armika kaya, ah, ah sheila, you scored it. i to craze cover or look i was through our emotions, kara williamson up which and i it evidently pardique to it when i stole got it even of saw you. he studied you screw. ah privy nearest store. you move. sure. sure. the cartridge, the scuse in them, are not done with their mom ursula stores the nama, and zap adam. yes, he but nipple. ms. zapeda, don't see why in ng, your bully teaches her. i'd be shania. i'd be sharing my dad's by dear george doris year governor of july. but could i ino enable of any country problem? the west responds to the russian invasion with hard hitting sanctions, hoping to cripple the russian economy and isolate moscow on the international stage . with an immediate hard hitting your 2nd in coordination with allies and like minded partners, bouquets and i to the largest the most of your package of economic sanctions. the russia has ever seen nato countries have given financial support as well as weaponry to ukraine. but for short of direct involvement in the war, it's leaders fearing this would further increase hostilities to dangerous levels. we will not fight a war against russia and ukraine, rec, confrontation between nato and russia as war war 3. something we must strive to provide in terms of the economic sanctions themselves. it will probably have a huge impact on russia in the long term. not right now, it will not cripple the russian military that the russian war effort. but in the long run, it will lead to a geopolitical shift in economic shift in the global economy of an unprecedented scale. but that would probably take years or even decades. it would not change if were not determined to war, or the course of the war may lead him store. ah mustang sung st. garza anastasia from lepper to militia, but just a store. it is thanks to shake. it only wore senior chima stepping separately, millennial grains were narrowed her very moth raining on. yeah. as a down store is up, but small. is it consolidated? i'd say it bite it out of the look or got com one. partial, nashua, nevada. se, you long term damage to rush his economy. an international standing may will benefit the west's interests a week and russian military, leaving at von ruble and more pliant to the demands of its emboldened opponents. it could well increase russia's reliance on china who have yet to contend the invasion for china. this was an attractive war to support because they were hoping that russia would win this war quickly. thus weakening europe weakening the nato and in turn, thus strengthening china. but doesn't look like this is happening on because it's, it's, it's strengthening nate was resolved to respond differently in the future. the war may be redefining the wildest you political map. ukraine, the latest setting for the endless power struggles between east and west. many worry vladimir putin is as uncompromising as he is determined and there is no telling how far he's willing to go. he may never accept that his miscalculated the consequences of this invasion. now here in the moment who when the new clothes were, is, or is probably the likeliest since perhaps the 19th sixty's i. but we also understand that in the final instant, this would be put in hall. could we decide and oh, if feeling that he is losing in ukraine, he will be given what eager to blackmail the whole world. maybe that's his final clem did. a lot of it which and near got of it still, but now my is go out near arg, like you can, yoga can door get dumb, need your 3 chair butcher not, not, not ball. now. absolute. now us. gotcha. bring out. if sick was stories door press emp fortunately? yep. we just got his ema, it that much. i look on saw, but i shut door at that. you've wor, leach. now right now got dora motor sla, my to what is im sorry. mm. mm mm mm. well, the interests of various countries are playing out through this will the people of ukraine are caught in the middle and continue to pay the highest price lou ah and the scale of the destruction when you see it by death is shopping more than 70 percent of the buildings in this town have been totally destroyed, tons and tons and tons of thousands of people homeless. across this region, hovering efforts turned into accommodating survivors who don't even have temporary shelters. many of my friends that we have loved and hope to a future together are now gone. there are some of the media stories a critical look at the global news media cast right on al jazeera, got on and shut off, access to social media in syria. citizens are collecting evidence, a show of crimes committed against civilians. we've moved out of syria now about $600000.00 pages of material so that one day they can bring the outside regime to justice. it puts a human face on the charges. it's a dead human face, but it's a human face. syria. witnesses for the prosecution on al jazeera ah.