Demanding better pay and working conditions. They accused the government of reneging on agreement, signed by the 2 sites more than 20 years ago. When classes eventually resume, students will find several changes. Many of the professors wont be there, frustrated by the prolonged strike. Many lecturers have left nigeria or theyre teaching jobs. Some of the students ive also left enrolling in private institutions. One thing that wont have changed is quality of education in public universities in nigeria. And what had you the like to say they strike is indefinite . Yeah, well, had decided to deploy the we fun of starvation, hunger to kill is intellectuals by a, by a token her, our salaries will, will sell them was now the dispute is led to an exodus of nigerians, students, 2 schools overseas. The number of nigerians granted student visas rose from around 8420192 nearly 66000 at the end of june. An increase of 680 percent lecture say at that rate, public universities in nigeria may soon struggle to find enough able to students how many degrees al jazeera can rule nigeria. And before we go, let such show you once again live pictures, sir of the cortez carrying the coffin of Queen Elizabeth the 2nd from balmoral to edinburgh. Its just past the the town of kin ross and lock levin heading south towards in the key thing a recites. Where it will cross the 4th of the m a. The queens very crossing, and then into edinburgh itself. We reckon about another hour. That journey will take a quoterush left Balmoral Castle in aberdeen and im sorry, a bell moral castle rather. Awe at around, around 5 and a half hours ago, and then traveled on to aberdeen on the course on the coast before heading south. But well continue our coverage then here on al jazeera in the coming hours, well have a news of for you beginning a little over 25 minutes after the listening post. Next, talk to al jazeera. We ask for the rebound, you speak off his clearly come get a high cost for airlines and the industry. Whats going wrong . We listen, you were part of the army struggling in the 1970 s. If you have any regrets. You know, we meet with global news makers and talk about the stories that are fragile and seat, a partisan press. And as social media demagogue, it knocked out the other side. It shows the impact of his message. And these really military admits the probably kill journalist shanina blacklist and from outer space to your screen, satellite images in the news, the news hello, im actually, and this is the listening post will be cover global events through the prism of the media in whats been a yard of mounting crises in iraq. The night of august 29th was a terrifying flash point violence and bug god between rival political factions brought back on dieties about a possible civil war in the country. At the heart of this month of struggle to form a government, a key player is influential, clinic and politician. Looked outside of his party, won the most seats in last years election. But the fractured nature of iraqi politics prevented his coalition from taking power. Ill souther is a big figure in iraq. He has a fiercely loyal base that he massages and manages to a clever communication strategy that spans summons to social media for our keys, who have endured more than 2 decades of overlapping disasters, faith and their dysfunctional democracy is vanishing. This latest crisis has marked yet another instance where deeply partisan political feel, one that is reflected across other institutions, the judicially Security Services and the media has brought the country dangerously close to calamity. Talking point to speak. Its about god. Ah, it isnt easy to get your head on whats happening in it. Arkwright, no title between rival fax or the plan for 3041. Fighting the counselor is seen in international news. Covered it is episodic green. It tracks every conflagration, explosions, follow a day of deadly clash or to the iraqi capital locker. She, i clerical counter sata said he was leaving politics. Hello, that is minimal coverage of the submitting tensions in between big events. So it can be tough to connect the dots, a dozen for her to have it all locked. Its long on one who live illema and with his id a shaughnessy and ended up much of the journalism is sick dating and rife with granular and often conflicting details that obscure the big picture. Many times satire can cut to where journalism cannot. And now, as it accounts its depth month without a formal government needs and document online, give a glimpse of just how iraqis see the situation in their country. Iraq is, you know, for, for, for all the pick been through for decades, a decades of conflict. One thing they certainly have is a sense of humor. And yeah, you see a lot of these means, right . So were talking about a massive crisis where the political system is on the brain. Can people are suffering every day and yet they, they do still have the ability to poke fun, especially at someone like mac, the problem. Who is most of the father . What is the thunderous move . Can anyone make sense of the leader and the movement . He is the leader of a religious movement and its one of the largest she is. Lemme movements in the region, and its primarily made up of, or urban iraqis. Again, this is a movement thats run by clerics is formed by religious leaders. But he sees himself as potentially a bridge from the religious to the politics. There is much mockery of knocked at the said, therefore his constant flip flopping on issues. And people miss spell the word and say it. Which means the sir, like the one with the black turban, the descendants, a prophet mohammed, and they would miss, type it as a form of mockery. And when you see that spelling, you know, theyre talking about markets at the center of all people. And so its always used and sarcastic tones were, why dear this man, supporters are different from any other parties, supporters in iraq, they are deeply ideological and are ready to become martyrs from canada. When he resigned last week, spontaneous anger rock to the movies, followers, and honestly, weve seen how theres no control over the southern race. There was fear of a complete and utter fall of the state or a descent into an internal war. A civil war between arm, she agreed near being a jermarta. It was the law the night of violence on the 29th of august. That else other triggered when, who tweeted what he called his final resignation from politics, was a show of force. And indication of his anger at having his efforts to form a government quoted despite his movement, winning big in last years elections. The face off between us, other and opposing politicians, has been one the most serious peters of paralysis in a political system that has been deeply dysfunctional for the nearly 2 decades since the us invasion of iraq. Eventually the riots by the saddest was subdued by their leader. And unless they are more well built, one will clear what he garlic regards to a prominent article. Mom, a mom at bonham, on our behalf dominant. They are not in and out of that let, we know most of the solder has influence over a large number of people. It was proven by the effect on the streets. After his speech, the armed men and protesters withdrew and the violence was over. There is a certain aspect of the thunderous communication with his followers. Thats distinct. And thats in his use of social media. There are a number of accounts that are officially in a sub that his name. And then there are others disguised with other names or run by lawyers. He uses these different accounts and platforms to mobilize or mislead when made up of lead a larger. So when you listen to me that the son that im in video interviews are in any more val recordings of hand talking with his peers. He doesnt sound very eloquent. However, on social media, everythings written. So he sounds very different and there are many references to a versus from the koran and islamic tradition. And he uses that to legitimize his leadership. Political legitimacy is a scarce commodity in it. Since the end of saddam husseins dictatorship and the invasion by the United States in 2000 feet, governments have come and gone. 5 of them. But the fortunes of iraqis have only worsened Public Services are in tatters. The economy is as broken as the countries politics, and the proliferation of militias has evaporated. The possibility of security and stability for citizens. Democracy hangs by a tenuous pled with the rockies, deeply mistrustful of all its institutions. The judiciary, the Security Services, the media, the purpose of the media is that its an important tool to hold, to account the political system. And the leaders, whats happened instead is that leads of captured the media. And theyre now using it for their own purposes, right . Most of the tv channels, the mainstream tv channels are linked to one or on the other Political Parties, which really means that the media has become a space for political competition. And i think its one of the biggest reasons why iraq is not yet a democracy. Theres no accountability to the elite through independent media. Some people may flip through t v and watch it, but they will not go to it for objective news. Some more people are going online for their news and theyre both positives and negatives to this ups and downs. On one hand, youre getting news that may not be covered and traditional Media Outlets. On the other hand, how do you read through all the misinformation and how do you determine what is disinformation fiduciary, tonia, walkable electronic armies . Hate speech and fake news, or the weapons Political Parties used to mislead public opinion, to smear the opposition and promote their candidates. So i think we have a responsibility of Civil Society to make sure people are alert about what they read on social media and that they are able to scrutinize. Not simply to accept it at face value of the michigan marsh. This is where the networks of young iraqis, tech, literate, media, literate and politically engaged, come into play across the country and even amongst the diaspora groups like the Iraqi Network for social media, our sifting through material online, verifying and debunked as be called. Another Group Technical piece works extensively with images, footage, and audio identify whats real and whats the deep, what these groups find much more challenging to prompt online is abuse. Like most recently, those who shared some of the means about marked as others have had his loyalists come after them. First to whistle, she media and then in person. These kinds of threats are not new. Iraqi politicians, activists and journalists have dealt with it offline for years, and they struggle with it online as well. In a country where freedom of speech is in serious jeopardy, highly. And while the off, today, the situation with regards to freedom of breath is fridge. In iraq, you cannot criticize any of the heads where the crown, you cannot cross the red line. The weakness of our government is meant that the Political Parties and militias and section i stronger than the state. And therefore, it is not the government which besides the limit of freedom of expression, but these random groups. And if you value your life, its better to, to avoid engaging in Harsh Criticism of any political act. 04 months since the killing of al jazeera journalist shooting blackly. These really military has finally admitted that it was, quote, highly possible and israeli soldier shot her topic. Nelfa has been tracking the case. I mean, this is really just a confirmation of what palestinian eye witnesses were saying from the start that sharina block la was shot dead by an israeli soldier while doing her job. A number of media investigations by c n n dissociated pref. Im the New York Times of all reached the same conclusion. What these radio means report doesnt do is take responsibility for the canning. A block family said will criminal cannot investigate crimes the jury for them based right group. But phenom call that a whitewash. No charges will be filed against the soldiers who open fire on a black la is worth reviewing just how many times is radio authorities have changed the narrative on the kidding initially, as is often the case, the perpetrators were said to be palestinian piano to the militia name should be a demo. You should seek, we level shy tonight, gabby clot, me uriah still my humble shim, the next day, the tactics shifted to deflection, condemning accusations against israel without any concrete evidence. Hasty accusations against israel that have being made right now are misleading and irresponsible. Later the story changed again, the government admitted that a block may have in fact, been killed by an israeli soldier. It said with aiming at the gunman nearby on july, 4th, a u. S. Investigation found that walker was indeed killed by an israeli soldier, but that there was no evidence she was deliberately targeted. That line was adopted by these writing minute trade. The assertion that blocked the death with just the mistake is difficult to believe. These ready military operates an open fire policy in the territory it occupies. This allows soldiers to use lethal force with impunity. Israels Prime Minister dismissed a recent call by the us to change israel, open fire policy saying the military never deliberately shoes. Innocent people, more than 140 palestinians have been killed by Israeli Forces since the start of the air tank static from ukraine to have conason to send young and china. Satellite imaging has increasingly become a central part of how conflicts and human rights abuses are covered, tracked, and reported. It has empowered journalists and researchers to conduct vital investigations and debunk misinformation in real time, all without risking lives on the ground. Satellite imaging is a booming industry with shares in the because g o special Imaging Companies like macs, are black sky. Im passionate labs spiking with the onset of russia invasion of ukraine. But as with any emerging technology, there is an important back story. And in this case, an implicit bias, american and other western governments are the primary times of these companies. Which means they have a c overweight in the world, they can and cannot take pictures. Listening, post med, muddy on the bigger picture. And the final details of the Satellite Companies bringing on the ground News Coverage from space from the build up force is longer border. Russian military convoy getting closer to rush near the Ukraine Border and the outbreak of interest to see the russians move from the south to allocation of human rights abuses. War crimes, bodies lying in the streets before rational bodies were left line dead to the weeks. Audiences around the world have seen the russian ukraine unfold almost in real time and nothing the ground from space. Satellite imagery firstly, provide a different angle. Youre looking at it from above. So youre seeing something very different to what you would see from street level or from a human height. But more importantly, gathering data over such a large area that would just be practically possible for a traditional journalist, enables you to have access to imagery that is taken up every day or every week of every where on. And that is hugely powerful for telling stories. Satellite imagery has been used historically to document a variety of atrocities and human rights abuses. We saw an important example of this when secretary of state, Madeleine Albright and released satellite in that alleged mass graves during the war. In bosnia, there was the Un Security Council presentation by colin powell before the the us went to war against iraq. And the use of satellite images of alleged weapons of mass destruction were. And there are all kinds of controversies, of course, related to that. So this is not a new practice, but because were seeing so many news Media Outlets use these images. Now, it seems to be a novelty associated with it. Ah, one of the companies that has benefited the most from a novelty, Us Satellite Company on technologies. The American Online intelligence company, x r, satellite images, which were previous by Microsoft Technology on the 19th of march. Whether its natural disasters must demonstrate using all collaborating with the ddc on an investigation to human rights abuse in cameroon, microsoft led the way in introducing the satellite image to the news media. Thats all came in handy when the ukraine war broke out. And the company was point to take advantage of the media. Interest backs are common stock, turnaround stories up 75 percent over the past year. Tax are a lot more become a household name, an earlier image for max. Our technologies shows one of those same russian ships in the past. Much of the imagery that theyve provided was done on a fairly ad hoc basis. But in recent years, they actually formalize their news bureau to more coherently share, not only imagery, but in depth analytics with the news media that is all pro bono work for them. There is no revenue model around working with the media. The earth observation industry in general, whether youre talking about macs, are here in the u. S. Air bus. In france in europe, and image sat international, and israel generates about 80 percent of its revenues from government defense and intelligence customers. Most of the worlds major Satellite Companies actually began life in the military and intelligence services. It wasnt too long ago that satellites imaging was the soul preserve states under the cold war sword. Many began to offload the huge expense and financial risk of operating the satellites to the private sector in the u. S. For example, president clinton has to law in the early ninetys, opening up the usa, reaching private industry. And out of that, many of todays talk, joe spacious Imaging Company names like pilot logic, black guy and of course, max saw. And to this day, the apple hasnt fallen far from the tree, the department of defense and intelligence agencies in the United States. Theyre the primary contractors and they get up to 80 percent of their satellite image data from these private companies. The federal government has also subsidized a lot of the development of the satellite. There. They are hand in glove innocence, in the case of a situation like the russia, ukraine conflict. Its pretty common to see russian troop movements. But you know, i have yet to seen a single image of ukrainian truth. That is that a conscious decision on the part of these companies to withhold that or is there a government requirement to withhold what could be damaging tactical information on us allies . And its probably a combination of both. We need to always be asking every time we see a satellite image and knows what is being shown. What does the caption say . Who put the arrows and the circles into the graphic field of that image . And what is being argued on the basis of that image, who generated the satellite image . Ah, the answer is, whoever has the money personally, you have to launch the satellite in space and then you have to position it over where the well do you want to image . Thats called asking. And its expensive, very expensive. Something only the seriously big players like governments and mega corporations can afford. But once a satellite in position, the market opens up. And some of the images it takes me bought and sold for a more reasonable price or even share for free. And thats helped open source, generally people who investigate stories based on publicly available data to take advantage of satellites, imagery, to power reporting. Thinking back to january, to all of these reports in the media about russia, building up for on the border with ukraine. So speculated that if certain invasion was imminent, these trips would assemble in smaller staging areas, closer to the border in order to work out whether this was happening. I created maps or images, lets say on data taken from the European Space agency saw what their teacher is generally all freely available. However, this imagery was in very low resolution. All accuracy was effectively just a series of blobs then was we went ahead and did was order hydro solution, imagery, all of that location, no suspicious. And it turned out the impact. Yes, there was a russian base that was being built up relatively closer to the border with ukraine. At the same time. There were many other people who attracting, picked up posts, or very much similar things. And it all just sort of builds together and forms are more concrete proof of what is going on. The far as the news media is concerned, satellite imagery is still an emerging technology. And like most new tech, drones, social media, the internet, it can often hide and implicit bias. Illuminating obvious some stories, was quietly diverting our attention away from others on its origin. The means of state sponsored surveillance should really make us questions. Not only about what the satellite sees, but what it overlooks. Satellite imagery is often classified as a survey. It was technology. I think that is a misconception, just because it so happened that it was 1st born out of the military. Industrial complex doesnt necessarily mean that it cant have massive positive impacts, cross a whole number of fields, whether its predicting or monitoring, the impact of drought and Climate Change, whether its monitoring infrastructure for damage and very quickly responding whether its disaster response. There are many, many different kinds of applications outside of defense. And i think what were seeing right now is it is a growing recognition of this. Its being integrated more and more into our news media landscape. And it is having impacts on us as consumers, as citizens. It can involve us in a sense of having the power to patrol and monitor events across the planet. The satellite has an static that makes us feel like we can see and know anything at the push of a button. And its just, thats not a reality. Its really important that we have journalists and the public trained to use and read satellite images and be able to have critical Media Literacy around and finally to pockets done which after 2 most was years, politically and economically is now drowning quite literally in a crisis. Bigger than any that have come before after 2 weeks of torrential monsoon rainfall and glacial melt, an entire 3rd of the country is now under water baluchistan. The largest region of the country is almost entirely damaged. At last count, at least 1200 pakistan. These have died in these floods. If you want to understand why the floods have been so devastating this year, you should check out the 3rd pole of website focused on producing journalism about a specific region of the world called the family and watershed. The state of the rivers in place, years in this mountainous region, have a direct impact on multiple countries including focused on and the 3rd bullet specialist coverage, which is published in 5 languages is on point right now. Inside focused on dawn, the countrys oldest english language newspaper has a dedicated flood emergency section on its website, which provides daily updates and analysis. While the floods are the latest crisis to hit pakistan. Theres also a lot happening in the arena of politics and society to pot costs that cover a range of topics are the pakistan pivot. Today were going to be talking about energy prices, about Climate Change, and particularly under this and the focused on experience by stand up comedian and content creator, shares chaos shake. Today i have a very special guest after stand up or make the host and creator of this port got. If you prefer to watch what youre listening to, you can find the youtube versions of his podcast to on twitter checkout, and vitamin t journalist off your salon and might a high as an assistant professor at the university of notre dame, who research is water and land test, theres also whom i use of a pocket on the columnist who also hosts climate mahari. A pot cast on Climate Change and pakistan will be keeping an eye on developments, especially in the media in pakistan. And well see you next time here to the listening post, ah, environmental, a se one of the stray is most ancient forests on the threat from mine. 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