benedict our coming in from all over the world. german chancellor, olaf shaw says the world has lost a formative figure of the catholic church. pope a benedict was from germany. italy's prime minister, georgia maloney remembered benedict as a giant of faith and reason. frances president demanded my call, hailed him for his work towards a more brotherly world. and britain's prime minister richie sooner said he was saddened by the death of a great fuel large in in avenues. the palestinian authority has welcome devote at the united nations asking for the opinion of the international court of justice on israel's occupation. the un wants to understand what effect decades of violence has had on the palestinian people's right to self determination. the world health organization is urging china to share more information. i'd surgeon, coven, 1900 cases, w h o wants chinese officials to provide real time data and tracking of any potential new variance. the move comes, i mean, growing concerned about the transparency of beijing's official figures, or chinese president. she jane being spoke about the outbreak during his new year's address 4 and 3 has moved from one. com. sure. just being talked about how 2022 was an unprecedented. yeah. but he also mentioned that china has beaten an unprecedented challenge. and he said the epidemic control had reached a new stage. the measures that the government had taken in 2022 were optimized adjusted. he talked about the economy and said it's resilient. he said the long term fundamentals remain unchanged. south korea has fired the north. north, south korea is the north side miss side, 3 ballistic missiles towards the sea east of the korean peninsula. it's the latest in a record number of miss soccer scattered up young this year. and the new years already arrived in some parts of the world. this was the fireworks display in oakland hughes dealing as the clock struck midnight a little earlier as rises makes awe ah, so far in this series of as rice, i seen how people it's happening to the law to ensure those responsible for greenhouse gas emissions. a house, 2 accounts, judgements in the netherlands where the dutch government and the energy join shall were found to be in breach of human rights having a ripple effect around the world. ah, in this program i'm looking at some more grounds breaking legal precedence, which being forceful like those seeking to protect our climate and own life on it. mm. mm. theresa south america and the aunties high above the city of what as a delegation of judges, lawyers, scientists, and activists and the wells press a tracking up to nature palka, katya at the base of the paul carroll who place yet the focus of a court case that could have been major implications for the wells multinational. it's been brought by pharma and mountain guide. south luciano, you yeah. no, no. but there's law. this glassy assume. go more liberal garza, this could be in the center. go more. oh, a girlfriend, big winner. la, la, raucous. gasoline come up would eat us some burger, i i thought, oh bless her. it says on oak, on the way out of montana, the sea well kissed those to the window. the glazed, his retreat has caused this lake to expand. it now poses a major flood rest to the city and it's 140000 inhabitants. in 2009 siphons were installed to drain access water into the valley below. but tuscany is on the melting place. he is a even more unstable growth or any ice old rock full could was the displacement of water that would overwhelm the current offenses . what us would be inundated and not for the 1st time. in 1941, a large avalanche fell into the lake. the resulting floods killed 1800 people. mm. at the time the lake has half a 1000000 cubic meters of water. now it's health $34.00 times that amount of lots a day would be devastating. la laguna, the bus thought they get on this all. so pro cooper, almost good muscle one was done was close unlisted. not both a nucleus kasey ethan. go from low mutual muscular bottles and with riscas parmesan door and that he is for solisco to bomb. in 2014 south met members of environmental justice and g o german watch. together they decided to take on one of the global north largest emitters. our w. e. wrote of a hand is south lawyer r w e is a german energy utility on the list of the most polluting companies world wide with respect to greenhouse gases, the carbon major list, we're not saying r w e is responsible for the whole of climate change worldwide only in so far as they have emitted, which is, 0.47 percent of global emissions. and so south team argued that autopsy, we should pay not point 47 percent of the cost towards building flood defenses will what us some of around $20000.00. our w e is here as a representative of large polluting companies, and it will not be the only one. so if we win this case, we will be bringing charges and applications against some of the other companies on that list. in 2017, the court decided the climate damages can give rise to corporate responsibility. the case is now move to the evidentiary phase, and that's why the delegations hair to assess the danger to sal and his home. no, a walker. crawford is legal advisor for south teen in the back, we can see the glacier pike that i who would use the be much bigger. it used to come all the way up until year and even further forwards down to the valley. the can asia has retreated. 1.6 kilometers in the past a 140 years. as the temperature started to rise, this glacier started moving back. it started melting off and in the space where there used to be a glacier. this lake formed because the melting of the glacier and the subsequent growth of the lake be attributed to manmade emissions, is climate change responsible. 10000 kilometers away in oxford, u. k. an answer to this question has been found. i come here to meet research scientist repeat stuart smith. so what you can see here is laguna parker in 1940, much shorter than the lake that we see today. but this lake, just one year later and passed on to the city of raw, has been know that temperatures had started to rise from 1880 onwards. and that initial warming part 1940 must have started to push this place your back creating this, and they want to say that ultimately lads, to the devastating event in 1941. this is among the earliest data leads, asters that have been linked to climate change in the signs of culture. these old photograph it recalls along with historic temperature data and more recently, satellite images have enabled rupert to model the retreat at the glazier. as temperatures rise, we see the gracious start to pull back the lake expanding as it also in the latter half of the 20th century receive a big acceleration in the retreats. and then the next question, we ask the model as what would have happened in the absence of climate change. and what we see of iglesia that's fluctuates backwards and forwards in this france, action the valley. and said, because of that, our best estimates is that all of the observed for trees for face here now almost entirely senior. since the time it ah, which is called attribution science, uses arrangement and see the thing to prince of climate change on global events. it's crucial, impartial, evidence proving emission have a direct impact on the life of people, even thousands of kilometers the way and that impact is to present to sol and the citizens appoint you by most listen to it. i got a what i almost like. i mean, or not, but the owner that it got me that the guy was there any day monday, but i left and got a policy director of german watch crystal bove has been working closely with south. i think it's an extremely significant case, but the sum of money with foot come out, it's about 20000 year old. that's not the important thing. it's a precedence case that emissions produced in from and the have an effect everywhere and about will be all connected. s ne bus by those emissions. just 10 percent of global emissions is produced by the poor a half of the population. and they are the most effective already today. and they have hardly contributed to the problem. i want to speak to myself and find out how he feels about the situation. this is thing wireless bit. and so you see by most i cannot get see, the name was 3. was with this bit o m. i'm being like it brings out a chair is almost so much under i'm film. she got the e pencil, k noise fuss in godaddy. and if you win, well that mean fall the andy's and for your home you see go no more info. ker alamitos. m was actually go no, no, i must get a ago almost breathless goose. others from the city say a key must be scholar. so solution gallano forma. oh, i asked r w even in passing in steve and received a written reply. in summary, it says, climate change is an extremely complex matter which has been contributed to by innumerable sources around the globe. and therefore, it is judicially impossible to contribute specific or individual consequences of climate change. to a single person or company, we have always been operating our plans in compliance with governmental permits and will become caea to neutral on 2040 the potential of cases like sales to be part of the solution for the climate crisis is attracting interest not just from the international media, but also academic cycles. back is oxford university. i meeting, we pitched you at smith's colleague, tom let sam together, they found it the sustainable law program which works with were such as around the world. the mission is to enable the low to catalyzed systems change. and war has traditionally very much been a local field and with huge challenges like climate change. that's not gonna cut it . we need to think globally, many of the harms that are caused by climate change. come from countries to traditionally have been more well the word currently are more well and so the burden in terms of climate change has been disproportionately borne by people who are more vulnerable and who do not have the means to protect themselves. so if lou you wins this would be a really big deal. that would be an enormous deal that would be, you know, that would be a sea change, a judgment that would hold companies to account would be an enormously important developments in a way that we think about the economics of climate change for these companies. the law is already proving to be a powerful tool for some vulnerable communities. at that time, in 2022, the united nations human rights committee ruled in favor of 8 places from the torres strait islands to the north of australia. the home is slowly being eroded, a sea levels rise, the islands is accused, the australian government violating the human rights, she to climates in action. i shipped tears of joy. it was an awesome feeling. we know that the doors now has been opened. the government will listen to us al cries for our future generations to remain here on this island. ah, i come to london's legal hotline to meet one of the counsels on this case. monica faddie, a tin tie, is a barrister of parisian origin. i have been an advocate for many of these communities around different regions in the world, if it's a privilege to help communities and otherwise wouldn't have um the power at the possibility there standing, you know, to face sometimes, you know, i stayed. monica recently became involved in a new type of case. in 2008, ecuador had become the 1st country to enshrined the rights of nature in its constitution. ask or 17 states nature or culture mama, where life is reproduced into cars as a right to integra respect for its existence. all persons, communities, peoples, and nations, and call upon public authorities to enforce the rights of nature. the mission of the original people is that you are not separate from nature. your part of it for it made sense actually that these would be an, are inserted in a more their own constitution. because the majority of the people who lived in america indians, 13 years later, article 17 was put to the test when the municipality of cut kaci, filed a case against the ministry of environment and the national mining company. it was brought on behalf of a richly diverse, protected virgin forest called last sensuous. this was the 1st time that the constitution had such a case to pronounce itself on that point. and tell us what these air provisional men, ah, golden, copper mines of polluted and destroyed habitat across i couldn't. and yet mine and concessions had been granted covering 2 thirds of love said, 0, $1.00 who was asked to be a nonpartisan expert for the case. i didn't find any community living in the forest. what i found was basically monkeys a species that were in the mc. and you don't find the suspicious anywhere else in the world. well was, were compelling me that i found myself at some point to know as an advocate for the earth because my client was not individual indigent people. but natal i felt a shift within myself in terms of my understanding of what was a stay for the future. you know? oh, in december 2021 equity was constitutional court ruled in favor of the rights of nature saying they were violated by the mining project. monica reads me part of the decision the intrinsic value of nature. so the recognition of rights is difficult to understand from a rigidly anthropocentric perspective, which conceived the human being as the most valuable species while reducing the other speeches and nature is served to a set of objects or resources to satisfy human needs, especially those of an economic nature and then the court continue a violation of the right of nature to have it's existence fully respect that occurs through activities that lead to the extension of a species. i think these 2 lines that i just read are perhaps one of the most in horton, pronounced mozilla, have read and known off investing years and are fundamental i think for our survival. this experience is made monica re evaluate the purpose of the law. we're starting to understand that these human centric approach to rights is not working. this is a moment where our consciousness is changing was the law is moving tours and deeper understanding of life and with it that the need for his protection. and these comes from us, from our own ability to understand what is sacred, what is important to protect. and how do we achieve that? do you see your role as a lawyer as a sacred duty? my ancestors were very connected with earth anonymously. i feel that i have responsibility and yes, to me, everything that is living is sacred because there is something m really deeply wrong in destroying something we cannot create ah, around 40 other jurisdictions now have some form of law recognizing that nature has rights. but none were in europe until recently. oh, this is the continent's largest salt water. and again, the mom know in marcia, southern spain, shallow wootton, high salinity, make it a unique ecosystem. but it's being accosted by human activity on a number of fronts. hetero. lorenzo is a campaign and biologist. he regularly goes out to monitor the water quality. why is it so unhealthy? was as just as he, belinda andreea's desk, given him pretty bellman did they allow you to go to florida and in company i got, the hannah is on which i think that is in brooklyn. e s a one of the enrollment in ard, i think with atlas al gatlin, we gotta go because he last filament does us isa booth and the take a lead you when the leader allow with him we were there in l. fond on a yellow del sol, some were elaborated as yellow. got his, them are so beautifully. and the 24 years pacha has been whacking to protect the mom and all he seen its health become progressively worse. are you the pro la must go there? must ambien dig it? i know mother may not. lagossi looks yawn. there were there early? doral mag on italy's more at ambien law worth of there, but he was dead thought that i think the lowest in owning bechtel bader law killer, stammered thunder willoughby, though, is lying rather the material didn't this year. so as on i'm, one of them were libido and when the runoff from hatches of intensive farming becomes too much and the algae takes over. the effect on the lagoon is devastating . in 2016 and excess of nutrients lead to an overgrowth, which starved the lake of oxygen. ah, this happened again in 2019, and in 2021. on these occasions, the pollution was so bad that marine life was suffocated at the aquarium at the university of marcia, marine biologist, emilio cortez and his team pre different species aiming to maintain a gene pool in case of another mass mortality event. when are raising faith? are all the species in the mom and o having problems si fi around and they will knock on moderately, fin the kilogram kind of re market our been the really really marinara and lost her indoors. creevy goes gabled, while a mentor live up a fan of dollars on a while. it thought it was a for this one country out of if anybody ah, i didn't in some could hear the go where you go in your mama for them. but they're all handled on cars. dot com, which was a 5th year in 2018 through 848000 c horses in the mom and all the mass mortality events hit them hard. i 2021 less than 2000 remains. i've been given the task of feeding the see horses, their breakfast, and i've got here delicious mixture of i any shrimps and place it needs, but it just in the car and so such as hair. this very guy's breakfast is ready. these creatures are extraordinary. this is what is all about, is about ensuring that like when i can continue on with it. and so when can they go back into the moment? oh area. and then deborah, federally recorded, or like when you're going to think about it, then your pencils and i would really love your thought. i mean more lovely with ya know, yes. other one, the life that is that i'm in there in my renewal, or what are you doing it unless things change future generations. the animals that once thrived in the mama know will only exist in this aquarium of sunny being overcome by a wave of grief. i think, seeing all these amazing creatures seeing nature in all its abundance and beauty, hair is wonderful, but it is so perfectly as pretty sad these incredible animals being forced to live in tanks away from their natural habitats and conditions for them outside will become increasingly impossible as we continue our activities that are damaging their home, the nature coffee save by scientists, the lower the work needs to be done outside the laboratory, say, and that's where the law comes in. the law has come to the mom and it was 8 and a radical new way. never before used in this part of the world. there's api jente is a professor in philosophy of law at mafia university, especially in the rights of nature. she realized the protection offered by existing environmental laws simply wasn't enough in madam ignored in, in water field algebra, defeat level. they don't. boy, if that, that the, but the see on answered the door by the ha, but alright. get from the bus your acre lot. he got a done by lord bed or not might have been on the headlong, but k gone. darcy duffy orders. i your gala in your beard. yoletta. bolton got upset. why did the existing regulations not work to get their feedback? they looked at it to them that dwelleth, that said mangian in on what they look on on the good little table kindergarten, ether, ford leaped blasio ne medulla allotted, also led to dallas nur caballo. each lab was delana, delisa, or kilowatt delana dwelleth. they left the chairs and i fed the fit in there. following the mass mortality events of 2019, there was a public outcry. people demanded action to save the lagoon. in this a momento toya, sophia rambled sienna, deal so little in law gone. cnc aguilar, he go, los alamos, there's tony was suzanne midland, dad, whom i didn't is to you. so would it go more that live digital? my minyaun. ready for teresa, the solution was clear and tao, the mom and all with its own legal rights and just the same way a person has them. ready a public campaign resulted in over half a 1000000 people petitioning the spanish government for this to happen enough to ensure the matter would be debated. in april 2022 to proposal reached congress formula here in a moment, doing care goldman pharmacy in law, lucid them. but i'm in, i'm living with you and asi dollars. so my, not generally the about gay bmo la political equities and lower than we're will get our law was dylan and really feared he on a thumbnail comedy centrals. ah, in september 2022, it became official. the mom and all was recognized as a legal entity in its own rights. minute can be represented in the same way as if it was a minor citizens can bring a lawsuit on behalf of the lawsuit against any person or organisation infringing on its rights exist and flourish. if all come yet, he got a saddle, georgia by madame minarda february, the committee in order for them to buy the envelope for the kitt. luckily i live there is plenty of them. if family and don't go more, so say go see them after done pull up some look in and out. i'll not ref with how do you feel accounts at the moment? oh no. oh no, no. so i mean to send him on the lord and the mod or lord will you? yep. and i'm from here says when sentimental we, when you go the mama knows new legal status isn't going to suddenly solve and clean away the problems in the past. but it does set a new direction for the future because the people who are defending it a really powerful weapon in there, also mode. and it starts to redefine the relationship between humanity and nature in this part of the world which is so desperately needed. oh, and that relationship needs to be redefined in every part of the world and at every level. and the next program i'll be meeting some of the business innovators, rather than being forced into action through the coat and leading the change and showing the way to a sustainable and flourishing future i ah ah hello, there will stop this forecasts in south america and thunderstorms continue to steal the show, tickles northern parts of the content, rushing all the way down from ecuador through peru, bolivia, stretching it to that coastal side of brazil with more fierce thunderstorms to come from places like rio de janeiro. as we go into sunday, we'll see the heavy rain pick up across northern areas of brazil, and we have got a clutch of nasty storms working their way up from the south and they're going to knock temperature down in areas that we have seen a lot of heat, such as chilly, as well as northern parts of argent, tina, and even power wife. we have a look at the temperature for us when c on a drop of 10 degrees from sunday in to choose. they on that high with the rain coming in to play and we can move it to central america. got rain pouring into the likes of nicaragua and honduras were in the way of showers for coastal areas of mexico in the south, before the caribbean, for cuba and jamaica. lots in the way of sunshine was just scattered. chow was mainly working their way in from the east, and a heavier rain starts to ease away from florida. the bahamas, still seeing some sunny weather there. and we've got that wintery weather starting to work its way across western areas of the us that to weather update. ah, the u. s. is always of impressed the people around the world, people pay attention to what we thought here. and i'll just, he was very good at bringing the news to the world from here. ah, this is al jazeera ah hello, this is in use our on al jazeera. i'm fully back to go live in doha, coming up in the next 60 minutes. so benedict, the 16th, the former head of the roman catholic.