this is our desert. these, your top stories, china's new foreign minister says an invisible hand is driving the escalation of one crane to serve geo political agendas. jingle called for dialogue between russia and ukraine. he addressed the median beijing, outlining the country's foreign policy objectives, katrina hughes and beijing with i think very early on what was interesting is chin gung, referred to his china's relationship with russia defending that bilateral relationship . he said that this was based on non alliance, non confrontation, that it does not target any 3rd party any hit back at any countries. specifically the u. s. other european countries viewing that relationship through what he said was a cold war lens. and he said that it was crucial for the balance of world power, multi polarity, that russia and china continue to work together. and indeed he said in the ones that that relationship has only gone from strength to strength. 5 palestinians, including a child, have been injured in an attack, pfizer early settlers in the occupied westbank storm, the town of her world chanting and singing along singing while celebrating a jewish holiday. israeli, such as have carried out at least 300 attacks in new york on west bank in recent weeks. meanwhile, is ready to strike as reported, have had serious aleppo airport and put it out of service syrian state media. se israel carried austin attack from the direction of the mediterranean sea, causing material damage. no death or injuries been reported. iran supreme leader iso loudy. how many says that the poisoning of schoolgirls is an unforgivable crime . official say 5000 female students have been poison since november roches defense when it says visiting areas in ukraine on the most goes control survey shows grew to the city of maria pole to see reconstruction efforts. the eastern new creating city has been on the rushing control since may. more than a 100 accompanied miners have been found inside and the bounded trailer in the mexican stage of vera cruz, my friends who responds to identify them as the clients of smugglers. have been an increase in the number of people from central america trying to cross into mexico since last year. as the headlights counted the costs coming up next. a journey of discovery, and one obedient mans exploration of his religious heritage. how has the big latasha faced survived for 700 years despite of volatile history of oppression? al jazeera world tells the story of a religion that has over 7000000 followers. in the footsteps of my big kashi ancestors on all g 0. i lose alarm clock. this is counted the cost on out 0. look at the world of business and economics this week, combustion engine cars to be no more european union bands, a sale of fossil fuel powered all toys by 2035. i wants to speed up the switch to electric. that is the block ready for the shift. also this week, the profits of global airlines are taking off for the 1st time since we started, the pandemic. can industry keep up with the surge in travel demands, plus sou don's forgotten crisis to 20 years on from the start of the conflict and offer people say their lives have only got worse. will the international community help? ah, so the manufacturer of cause powered by fossil fuels, employees, millions of people right across europe. automobiles account for 15 percent of all carbon dioxide emissions in the european union. well, the blog wants to drastically reduce exhaust fumes as part of its ambitious plans to reach carbon neutrality by 2050 petrol heads and now being told to prepare for a clean a ride. european lawmakers put an expiration date on the sale of new cars with combustion engines. carmakers will be required to cut 100 percent of carbon emissions in new vehicles sold in the european union by 2035. the lore includes exceptions for companies that produce fewer than $1000.00 vehicles. heavy trucks and buses are subject to a different set of rules that will slash carbon emissions over time. but some countries oppose the change among them is italy, which is called the ban economic suicide for the block and a gift to the chinese electric car industry. critics of the laws say the automotive industry is not ready for this shift and the move threatens tens of thousands of jobs. in the european union, ford motors has caught nearly 11 percent of its workforce in europe over the next 3 years as part of its pivot to the production of ease. for european leaders advocating action on climate change have pushed back against that argument. the industrial revolution is happening, whether we like it or not, we can choose to lead it. we can to, to do it in a way that is socially compatible with our values. or we can leave it to other parts of the world to lead it. and then all we can do is follow. and d, industrialize we need to rebuild our industry on the basis of the future. and the car industry can lead this. all right, let's take this on. we can speak now to a casper rules who the chief dates are officer at a benchmark mineral intelligence, which is a price reporting agency consultancy focused on the metals supply chain at casper. first up, why is it that some european countries are pushing back against this ban? i mean, i think there's some concern over where the industry's going to be ready to, to move to a fully electrified future obviously that, that the target. but of course, there's lots of things that need to be in place to ensure that we can and the sale of internal combustion engine vehicles and move to electric. and that not just having the cars are they charging infrastructure. and obviously you will have the supply chain up from the color including batteries, capillaries and i was in the raw materials at the mines. italy says it's economic suicide and it's handing the baton to china. tell us about that. well, china is heavily represented in the battery supply chain as a rule of thumb, typically around 80 percent of the processing capacity of the raw material. the way through to the finished batteries that fast the sits in china, but we starting to see that change. there's been a number of considerable investments throughout europe in north america over the last several years, which is building out battery production capacity and that moving through to other parts of the valley chain as well. so i think china has had a head start definitely on electric vehicles as that's been a big a big focus at the government there for a long time. but the rest of the world is playing catch up today with starting c l, our policy, which is helping to make that shift. and the shift is happening, isn't it? in december, germany bought more movies than cars with conventional engines, but you mention the charging infrastructure just now. where are we without across europe? yeah, actually in structure investments are continuing to happen. i think there's probably more anxiety about charging than in reality. there is a problem with starting to see more and more charging, so it's crop up across, across the european region. but also people can, you know, can charge homes that you have the option to pop at the home. it was seeing a lot of charging happening there. but you know, there's definitely still more to be done. but it's not just, you know, companies like tesla who installed this, they're charging network early on. we're starting to see traditional energy companies which have filling stations for internal combustion engine vehicles starting to move some of that kind of area over to electric charging as well. so while series of course investments to be made access to charging, generally speaking, is improving considerably throughout europe. right. and there's also the issue of challenging time and in the journey time between charges, right? yeah, i mean, you know, the majority of people who commute is not going to need to worry too much about charging that on a daily basis. charging times are coming down as we're starting to see tech technology improvements at the battery level and at the pack levels. that a software and the hardware managing the actual battery sales themselves. but yeah, the, you know, it does still take longer than filling up a filling station. but of course, you know, one of the benefits of electric vehicles is that you can, you can do it at home. so you come home park, your car in your parking space, or driveway or whatever it may be in charge. there. roads in the city while you're not using the vehicle. so as we start to see more and more charging, accessing in the places where people leave their cars in car parks and things like that, it's charging time becomes less of a concern if it's in the time when, when you're not using the vehicle and what is the, to ation with the manufacturer of these, these multiple, many thousands of millions, in fact, the patterns that we're going to need. and the metals in the minerals that are required, you know, like cobalt and lithium and so on. and the damage potentially that could due to the environment that you may come from mining. if you think about the v, about 40 percent of its value in the battery and about 80 percent of the value of the battery of $7287.00 value battery comes from raw materials that comes from mining traditional engine cars. you know, the still, the minion that comes from mining to mining probably has a bad reputation, but it's down properly. it shouldn't be harmful to talk to the environment. and so i think, you know, there's perhaps some misinformation out there about battery minimum as being more harmful to the environment than other forms of mining. it's all the same, but where it comes from now is the whole issue of deep sea mining, but that's kind of another thing. is there a point at which we could start recycling? the metals used in batteries? yeah, so lately, i mean, batteries now highly price for the minerals that are within them in terms of the recycling market. so there's a big growing part that supply chain and not too many batteries. so coming back from their original use in the market with that in an e v, there is some coming back from consumer electronics, but people tend to keep out of that. it tend to come back into the system that efficiently, but certainly the technology to, to recycle batteries already exists and is happening in actually the kind of the main feed of recycling recycled material. now it's coming from all of those new battery plant. so to take clean the early phases of the, of a new battery problem when you're kind of fine tuning your equipment, you end up with what we battery scrapple or effect rejects. those are also getting recycled and going back into the supply chain. so these minerals, endlessly recyclable, you can recycle them as many times as you want. and you can do that through a battery grades. i put that material back into the battery supply chain and then the whole e v market can europe compete? do you think with us in china? yeah, i mean it's a very competitive market and i think one of the key consent that the kind of all of the global type supply chain is, is managing costs. so as demand for these material with which make up big portion of the value of the car go up and so does that price because markets become tighter . so managing costs and absorbing cost competitive particularly with, with china, where we typically typically see a low cost base can be a challenge. but definitely there's been significant investments by made by european automakers partnerships with sell manufacturers. and also starting to look at investment, fed up the value chain, which, you know, give them much more control of their cost. so we call that vertical integration, where they're not just buying products from all the different steps in the value chain. they're actually investing in making partnerships within about a change to reduce that cost. so that's a key key part, the strategy that play out over the next few years. and finally, casper as we go, let's return back to the combustion engine for the last question. there's talk that we could be going into a situation like what you see in cuba, where lots of old petro cars, just continually recycled and reuse. is that what's gonna happen globally? do you think it's as easy as common? people can afford them so you can just keep running your own car. i think you know what happens there is going to really be defined. what happens in the next decade if i want to make, is, can continue to reduce costs or reduce the price of the v. we saw that initiated by tesla glibly, few weeks ago. and a number of makers had followed suit in terms of reducing the cost of a v to the consumer. then it becomes that becomes less of a question. because if a visa produced in high numbers and accessible to most people, then that's less of a concern. if, if that doesn't happen, it costs continue to rise in d. b remain a higher, higher ticket item than that, you know, the value of a 2nd hand vehicle is petro diesel vehicles, will become, could potentially become higher. but as i say, the next 10 years with what happens with e b strategy policy from governments and roland theory, cars will really dictate what happens to the legacy kind of aftermarket internal combustion engines. supply chain up, it'll be very interesting to see how it all develops. that capital rolls, thanks a lot. thank you. the while fossil fuel cards are being phase down, the airline industry is on the out. travelers are rushing back to the skies off the pandemic restrictions east. the spike and travel is turning the industries fortunes around car is suffered more than $200000000000.00 in losses over the past 3 years. but airlines are returning to profitability for the 1st time since the health crisis started in 2019. the industry is expected to record many, $5000000000.00 in net profit this year that compared to almost $26500000000.00 for years ago. among them is international airlines group, the owner of british airways, spain's iberia and other carriers. i a g reported an operating profit of almost 1500000000 dollars last year to the biggest us airlines recorded better than expected profits on the earnings. a delta airlines reach higher revenues last year than it did in 2019, while american airlines group said it's 4th quarter. revenue was the highest in the company's history. and australia qantas rate in a record $1000000000.00 profit in just 6 months. it last $7000000000.00 during 3 years of the pandemic. content is now being accused of ripping off customers with expensive fs me. well central asian airlines are benefiting from russia as close as space. airline traffic into the region surged as european airlines struggle to find new routes into asia. flights between many european countries and is becca son, for example, have risen nearly 106 percent since 2019. the region is expected to continue on an upward trajectory as travel from china reviews. well, joining us now from london is rob morris. he is a global head of consultancy at syria, which is a global ation analytics company, providing data for travel airlines efforts and finance. rob, welcome to the program. so we have 3 consecutive years of losses all down. mccovie for the airline industry is now reversed. how much more ground is there to cover to put the industry on a solid financial footing? do you think? ok, hello nick? yeah, i think there's quite a lot of recovery still to come in after those 3 years. we still see globally demand below 2019 volumes of was, you know, we have seen some airlines recovering their profits. fundamentally this year, a globally about a $5000000000.00 net profit across the, the global and the entire industry is far lower than we saw perhaps in the latter years of the last expansion cycle ended in 2019. so there's still some way to go. i think but, but, but better times that it was in 20202021. right. it demonstrates extraordinary sentences. never quite a recovery given the scale of the financial and economic damage. yeah, absolutely. i think it demonstrates sheila strikes the underlying drivers for demand for travel remain, remain extremely strongly fun, thinks about when we travel for business to generate corporate wealth and, and, and trade or whether we travel for, for leisure. because we've got an increase in the globalized population. the underlying drivers to, to commercialization remain very strong and, and that's why airlines have been able to, at least come through the pandemic. and that's why, frankly, governments throughout the world have sort seen it fit to support their airlines because they realize how important they onto economies of the recover from the panoramic and the underlying drive. it is passenger demand ultimately, right? yes, exactly, passenger demands whether it be for his business or, or leisure. and interestingly, in this recovery, leisure is leading business. so increasingly, as those people, those of us who've been suffering from knocked down through the last couple of years not been able to travel as sequentially. markets have released we've seen extremely strong bounce back initially and in north america and europe. and lastly, saw that the come in suddenly has pacific and, and china. yeah, i was going to say on age of these ages lagging behind at the moment that it was full. ca supposed $6600000000.00 loss in 2022. why is that? take us through that a bit. yeah, absolutely. well, well, 1st of all, the, the, the reaction of governments in not region to the pandemic have been somewhat different. so the current change in the, and, and the locked downs, etc, have gone further in those regions. the 2nd point is the importance united pacific of, of the chinese market. if, if we looked at routes from asian pacific internationally, a large portion of those touch china until china changed its quarantine policy late last year. those markets were not able to, to act at all. now, even with the change of quarantine policy, as we look forward to june this year, those markets are still going to be close to 3 quarters lower than where they were in 2019. so china is the key to that effect to be the last brick in the recovery wall. a was the quarantine policy, it changes positive. it's going to take a while for the passenger confidence to recover demand, to come back strongly, an asian pacific to come back. what about f, as i watery? in some cases we can get that reversed as well. potentially. i mean, if one thinks about the way the way the airlines are processing right now, it's about, it's about the supply and demand dynamic. and, and, you know, market economics as, as demand is come back, strongly, bad lines have to some extent had issued with returning capacity quite so quickly. number of reasons. i mean, they parked across the they furloughed staff, bringing aircraft out of out of storage is accosted business there, some capacity challenges around that bring his staff back is also challenging. and then even when they bought people, but we see north the airport congestion which has been caused by lack of capacity there. so, so dem bond is effectively come back more quickly than supply has and in a, in a, in any, any economic system. when, when demand exceeds supply, then the supplier will naturally leverage price. i think that's why f as a typically higher than there weren't actually personal anecdote, i've got a lot of travel to japan in a couple months time. and i last traveled to japan in 2019 the f air i'm paying now is about 50 percent higher than it were in 29 chain inflation. accounts about 20 percent of the market market economics clearly account for the rest. yeah. and once market economics levels off, do you think prices will go down then? yeah, potentially, but i mean, the underlying higher costs we, we say to day are potentially his, you know, inflation is going to continue to be when we're not, we're not gonna see that love inflation rivera. we enjoyed, perhaps, over the last 15 years or 20 years or more so, so as inflation remains holiday as a fuel prices remain high. as, as f, as far as airlines cost of debt remains relatively high interest rates being hard and they were as maintenance costs have gone up with the ownership cost of gone up as wages go up with inflation. so costs go up and consequently effort need to go up further to the, to maintain margin something, a bit of a tangible related net, their emissions by 2050. that's the global go, whereas the airline industry with that. so it's extremely challenging target. i think companies one thinks about the mechanisms, the airlines have potentially to get to net 0 with the very 1st thing we need to recognize is, is that it's very difficult to de carbonized long whole and even short medium all travel. so. so we're going to be, we can re burning some form of fuel which emits c o 2 for a long time. certainly for 2050. so the challenge then becomes how do we offset? we also, how do we find sustainable fuels sustained by goshen fuels derived from a bio mass or other other feedstock which allows us to, to reduce to net 0. of course, we do see one of the things we seen for the pandemic of interest me, the airlines increasingly re fleeting, going to more efficient new aircraft, whether they be about a $320.00 neos or bugs have received max's 787350 across it. typically, bern, 15 percent 20 percent less your than their predecessors and thus emit 15 to 20 percent less c o 2. that helps, that brings us about 10 to 15 percent of what we need to get to. net 0. we can have efficiencies in the air traffic controller, etc. when, whenever one flys into heathrow in london, you always find yourself holding. and therefore burning more fuel than you need to . so efficient air transfer truck or traffic control systems will help. but actually are the largest parts going to have to be offset or sustainable fuels in some way. rob, just great to get your expertise. do appreciate it. thanks very much. rob morris. nick, thanks very much. now entire villages were burned down and families displaced after the violence broke out in sudan stuff back in 2003, 20 is after the start of the war. hundreds of thousands of people have no home to return to remain in camps right across the region. and that's despite the peace deal signed 2 years ago. many people say the situation is worsening as they go for months without humanitarian aid. the world food program says 65 percent of the population in west are for is food insecure. that is the highest level in sudan and experts estimate the conflict is cost nearly $90000000000.00 over 11 years, accounting for damaged infrastructure in homes and lifetime earnings aid work and say support to the region is limited and have cut down a deliveries while georgia is from a let, a in italy is alessandra demetrius research fellow at the school of international development at the university of these times. i was andre, welcome to counting the cost at 1st out what your assessment of the cost of war to, dufferin is showing that in. that's what i mean. either one that be going on for aid or maybe somebody that not the new to be can in the in any way. look, company that had been going, going off actually, no one knew that for the country for a big, a big mission actually become a war set in the city doesn't wanna when they look over all 370 security b and b matter for it. and so given that how much is needed to ease this worsening crisis, what needs to be done and what the new which means in place that we can get meet, won't be on us. you might have had a response, which yet i'm again that we haven't, that i enjoy you know, more than just 1500000000000000 dollar company. the amount is $1.00 point in time with $1.00 total overall and mom in terms of what can be done that to recall or the situation. so the responses you have the situation where, where a work is complaining about limited support to the region. why is it happening? is it because donors of prioritizing other regions in the world? the company says like any day you might get a response back to the fund. we are just even going back in time. i just call the agent now really know much younger now why he's added, we're going to well, that must be is difficult to find a way for another work that the things that that be at already yet will be the final one. so the thing that booking one goes, all right, the one goes more to that to that contribution, will make a major change. it will, it was hope that the pose basha transition would enable relief agencies to, to move beyond relief work and to look at implementing more durable solutions for duffle. why is that not happen? why is that be hampered? well, that's going to be a go or to bone from release myself from the wrong path. i should re, unfortunately, the suspicion was not that much. now was not potency for long term solution. and the fact that you're seeing what you need to be computer and the frame of the discussion that aren't mature and actually can be on the i'm not sufficient on that. that is probably that did you get to be i was under the test. thanks very much indeed. welcome. and that is all show for this week. if you'd like to comment on anything you've seen, you can treat me nick, clock out john's, please use a hash tag, a j t t t or just drops an email counting the cost at alpha 0 dot net is our address that has more few online. it's algebra dot com slash ctc, that will take you straight to our page, which has individual reports linked to the entire episodes for you. so that's it for this edition accounting cost. so i'm a clock from the whole team here. thanks for joining us. the news announces here, ah, ah, a inspiring story from around the world is that a human life capture. and it's a fost, one witness. on a just either in the blink of the night, many lives when lost thousands of people buried alive and more left homeless. you were shocked by the number of sites we were shocked by. the number of victims al jazeera goes to the most afflicted region in syria. here in northwest to syria, to see those affected by the a weight and its severe shortages of humanitarian aid. the full report syria, the continuing tragedy on al jazeera ah.