Dont forget to have a headlines here in al jazeera. Its been another chaotic day for britains Prime Minister list truss. Shes lost a 2nd top cabinet minister and just under a week homesick chris will brothman resigned, allegedly for violating the ministerial code. Last week, the finance minister was sacked. It comes as trust, rise to save her government and her job after a disastrous start. Less than 2 months in office. Russian president Vladimir Putin as imposing martial law in the 4 ukrainian regions annexed by moscow. Comes after a string of military defeats for Russian Troops this month. The Un Security Council has disgust alleged iranian arm sales to russia. Ukraine accuses moscow of using iranian drones to carry out its recent attacks. But iran denies selling the weapons and russia denies using the russia says a civilian evacuation from her son in southern ukraine has started. Keith says its counter offensive or slowed in recent days, but its preparing for a renewed push toward the russian occupied city. In nigeria is all the state of bail, sir. Fuel prices have risen by 440 percent as flooding disrupts. Deliveries. Officials are wanting of more rain as People Struggle to deal with the worst flooding. The country are seen in more than a decade. Is when the forces say theyve shot dead, a palestinian gunman who kill in his ready soldier early this month. Its really official say theyve been searching for the man for more than a week on indias Opposition Congress party has elected a new leader as it struggles with sliding popularity Party Members have been celebrating the victory of money, cargo, cargo. An 8 year old veteran politician is also a doll, it the group which sits at the bottom of the hindu cost system. So those are the headlines and he continues here on al jazeera after counting the cost extension. Thanks a lot retina. Bollywood glamorous industry that attracts though seeking fame and fortune. I always told myself that sunday fema, but for some following did remove can become a nightmare. I had asked in the 1st bed of my mom, i had to confirm the address for the longest hollywood dream on al jazeera. I lose hello, im hasnt seeka. This is counting the cost on edge data. Your weekly look at the world of business and economics. This week it was seen as a slap in the face to president biden. Opec plus is moved to cut oil output has grown angry criticism from washington. Why did they do it, and how will us respond . Also this week, the worlds financial firefighter, a few people like it harsh lending conditions. We look at the role of the International Monetary fund in his gloomy Economic Times isnt losing relevance. And while some african countries arent ready yet to let go of fossil fuels are, those are turning to Green Energy Sources to lower the Carbon Footprint ah, of months President Joe Biden has lobbied saudi arabia and the other Oil Producing countries to help ease Energy Prices by pumping more oil into the market, but in a major policy reversal opec plus that includes russia, decided to cut output by 2000000. 00 barrels a day in november. The u. S. Is calling the decision. Short sighted is accused the kingdom of siding with moscow which relies heavily on its oil revenues. Opec plus says the move is purely economic, a response to uncertainty about future demand for oil. I want a priority now, is stabilizing market. Now we could be accused of wanting to influence market and negative way. Everybodys broke, well and others. Well see how we conduct our sales in the months to come. Abandon has vowed what he calls, consequences for saudi arabia over the opec plus decision to slash output. It is the biggest reduction by the group since the height of the pandemic in 2020. But actual costs are likely to be smaller because many opec members arent meeting their targets. The price of about brent crude jumped to more than 93. 00 after the announcement last week. It was on a downward trend in late september from highs of about 130. 00. The u. S. Has pledged to release 10000000. 00 bows from it stopped piles next month in an attempt to Keep Oil Prices down. And the u. S. Is considering steps to reduce opecs control over Energy Prices. Include the no Oil Producing and exporting cartels or no peck built. Its meant to protect American Consumers and businesses from engineered oil spikes. Its been debated for more than 2 decades in a Senate Judiciary committee passed it in may, but in the past the full senate and house and signed by the president to become law. The bill would enable us to revoke the sovereign immunity, which protects opec plus members and their National Oil Companies from losses. The u. S. Attorney general would have the option to sue the oil Cartel Members in federal court. So to discuss all of this, im joined now from new york by antwan, how former chief oil analyst at the International Energy agency. And currently an Adjunct Senior Research scholar at the center on Global Energy policy at columbia university. And the co founder and chief all analyst at k. Ross good to have you with us. So im opec, and now the o. Thank plus alliance has never cut out. Put this much in this quickly. Why now . Yeah, it, it might seem surprising. Its much more proactive cast than weve seen in the past. If you look at her satellites or imaging over inventories today, theres no sign of overhang. Theres no all the supplies there. Oh, stuck have been fairly flat for the last few weeks. But i think this concerns that they are going to increase. Theres concerns about the looming we session. And the fact that stops have been flat, might be seen as a warning signal because normally stocks globally tend to decrease in september and october. So its a. Ready somewhat surprising its, its unusual for opec to cat supply in the, in the face of a recession. Typically, the language is more that the opec is willing to take a price cut to have the economy. But its understanding, and i think most people who are watching balance is supplied in my balances. Were expecting a fairly significant cut, obviously is taken the u. S. Government by supplies for opec past says its trying to get ahead of the curve. But are there any indications of a slumping demand and how soon could that happen . Theres clearly severe impacts from the, the ruddy in that for gas prices and the, and the constraints on the gas market. If you look at industrial activity in europe, in germany and other countries in europe, theres been a very sharp decline in activity on demand cadence on most student is on the consumer side. On the other side, specifically, the impact is less flagrant. Right now. Theres been a bit of a lack of a boost in demand in the summer. For example, the summer driving demand in the us in europe with a weak airline demand is due to very, very, or diminished. And there are concerns looking forward. So they are, they are certain the expectations of a decline. Its a hasnt really materialized in the oil market as much as in other aspects of the energy spectrum. But theres concerns about future contraction. Thats for sure. But the cuts are likely to be less than 2000000. 00 barrels, because many countries are meeting output targets. So how effective is this rock reduction going to be on prices then . Yeah, nobody expects 2000000. 00 obviously in it is to me on paper. In fact, it is going to be less than 1000000. 00 expectations very from 700. 00 to 8900000. 00. But that, thats going to be less than the this. The shock at the shock value, the sticker shock of the 2000000. 00 is not going to be mass in practice. And if you look at the market reaction, the price does not increase so much. So i think the market participants, ive had a comfortable that the, the market can take these kind of get an, a u. S. Is accusing saudi arabia siding with russia in, in making this decision. So how much would these cuts then benefit moscow . Well, any cat, this is beneficial to moscow because theres a reduction in export. So even if theres no reduction in exports to price increase, we obviously have. Ready moscow maintain export revenue and finance. Its worth it. So theres obviously concerns there. And the russian economy has got the resilience 2 sections that hasnt been cut ups in the, in the, in the russian economy, but the size of fiction, of, of tension. And i think over time mosque was clearly going to feel the impact of sanctions and of the impact of its worth it on his own budget. And the usaa saying that it could release oil from its National Stockpiles as appropriate. It says, but how much could they release and how much of a difference is that going to make them prices where the u. S. S. P r is 2 very large. Its the largest in the world, and theres a significant for drawing capacity in the u. S. The u. S. Has been drawing on its on this reserves and has accelerated the pace of the stocking of the s p r since march. I think that was a great decision, mr. The cant the market when the market was concerned about in the bus stop in the, in the question supply with that actually was, did not happen. And probably the u. S. Should that stuff have been more as i in adjusting in the pace of the stocking a sunday if you are early on . Now the ar cut is completely offset by the opec production cut. The s p r really says its completely offset. The us obviously has the option of increasing the pace of the stocking. I dont think would be necessarily a wise idea. It would deplete the reserve and it would not really serve any purpose. Not bring any benefit right now, but its an option if the market gets to tight and no peck bill, the so called no peck bill thats being considered in the, in the us right now. Could that, could that become a law . And i mean what, what difference will it make, i mean, is, is it going to affect opecs dominance on the, the Energy Prices isnt. Theres clearly an apple in washington, a sense of her to sense of pain and her an eagerness to examine what kind of policy twos, but cannot measures, could be taken to express displeasure. And no back is it is it is one of those 2 was is, is a bit ironic because it just 2 years ago, everybody in the us was begging opec to catch apply from the president to, to producers, to local authorities. And was willing to participate in the supply in the supply cuts at the height of the could be pandemic. So i dont think, based on this recent experience that the, that the legislation has any legs, but he suddenly can be a nuisance, can be a distraction. And can, can, in, can be an irritant in the relationship, and theres a strong likelihood that this is going to be a sustained interest in reviving this piece of a decision. What other options does the us have, if any, at this point to, to get what prices down where to get all places done . If theres a need to really bring them down in a big way that could suddenly increase the s p. All that good . Now the industry could pick up the pace of fucking in the shade patch, and if there could be an effort to, to bring supply from areas that have been restricted like been is whether like you on. And i think its no coincidence that we have some interest in trying to lift the, the foot from the pedal. Our business wouldnt sections the iranian negotiations are continuing and there is now some strong interests on the market sense in bringing them to fruition. All right, anton house. Good to get your analysis. Thank you for having me. But i, the International Monetary fund is often called the lender of last resort. Countries look to it for Financial Assistance in times of crisis. It was created more than 7 decades ago to promote economic stability after world war 2. But the world has changed a great deal since then. And now the pandemic as well as the war in ukraine, are threatening Economic Conditions around the world. Its leading many people to question the i m. S. Relevance in 2022 of critics have taken aim at its demand for reforms and austerity in exchange for bailout loans for many countries at risk of defaulting on that that are still seeking financial help from the i. M. F. Pakistan has political turmoil and devastating floods to deal with. They just secured a loan of around 1000000000. 00. Sri lanka is close to finalizing almost 3000000000. 00 while egypt is also in talks for a new loan. Or lending programs are expected to increase as the i m. F paints a gloomy outlook for the global economy. The institution has cut Global Growth for cost the next year to 2. 7 percent, and warns the worst is yet to come. In many blames rushes invasion of ukraine, the cost of living crisis and chinas economic slowdown for the downturn. The im f predicts, the worlds output will shrink by 4 trillion dollars between now and 2026. That is almost the size of the german economy. And more than 100 nations requested bailouts from the i m f. More than 2 years ago. At the height of the cobra. 1900 health crisis. And the institution has around a 140000000000. 00 in our standing loans to 44. 00 member countries. Argentina is the biggest data with a total outstanding amount of more than 42000000000. 00, followed by egypt at around 17000000000. 00. The i m. S. Says 60 percent of low Income Countries are now at high risk already in debt distress, and a growing number of middle Income Countries of suffering from High Debt Service birds. The u. N. Estimates 54 countries. Thats more than half the worlds poorest people need immediate debt relief to avoid extreme poverty. From washington d. C. Im joined now by scott morris, senior fellow at the center for global development. Good to have you were to scott. So 1st off, we, lank pakistan are among the did the countries facing debt distress. What is that . What has led us to this point with them . Well, i think you have a very difficult combination of factors for both countries and some of them, hong grown in terms of their own policy decisions, frankly, entry long because case really, you know, really deep problems in governance to some degree with pakistan as well. But frankly, also Global Forces that are in play right now that are exacerbating the situation. Rising Interest Rates, the ongoing effects of the pandemic. So it really is this confluence of forces that are, that are hitting both countries very hard and all the i m f loans helping countries like this or do they make things worse . Well, you know, to some degree, i think the mouth gets a Bad Reputation in part because it does show up at times when countries are pe seem there were, there were situations in terms of crisis. But on the other hand, i think there is a long history of the, im not always getting things right in terms of the judgment they make. And i think you know this, this can happen in a couple of different ways. One, i think there have been periods where the iron has imposed conditions on their loans that are more harms and help too much austerity in some situations too much reach into the Decision Making of the government across a wide range of issues. There are also times, frankly, when the i enough is too easy and here i think that applies more to the position of other creditors to these countries where the i and that allows the creditors you know, too much position in the bargaining. Because oftentimes with these countries need, certainly if we look at re longer right now, their creditors are going to have to take care cut. Theyre gonna have to write down some of those that. And the in the plays an Important Role in helping navigate that situation. Making sure that everyone is bearing a fair share of the cost of working out of these crises. So do you see the i am if adapting its approach at all to the current circumstances. So we look back to 2020 and the the panoramic as a trigger for a lot of economic problems in the world. You know, the, i really did step up, they, they, they opened their, their lending windows. They did it quickly with low conditionality. So we saw a lot of money flowing out of the institution, but frankly, since that time we, we havent seen that kind of stands from the Foreign Countries have, has not been been borrowing. So it remains be seen. I think we, you know, these 2 countries that you named are probably on the front angel front added to what will be a growing number of countries and crisis. And it really will be important to see how the responds, will they provide quicker access to their money . Will they set aside traditional conditionality to ensure that countries have the financing that they need to, to, to whether thats crisis. Now there are a number of countries in the world that are facing some level of debt distress. Do you think the i m f is doing enough to help the global south . I think to their credit, you know, theyre showing signs of preparing. So theyre creating new, new lending windows, some focused on Food Security, distress right now, which is, is, is certainly laudable. Theyve created a new Resilience Trust fund. So all these trust funds theyve been spending time setting up, but we havent seen them perform yet. And these are, they are particularly targeted low Income Countries because if they are tapped, they offer much easier terms. Financial terms, very low Interest Rates. But we just dont, we havent seen yet large volumes of fund flowing out of these facilities. And i, i think the real test will be one of scale. As you say, we are likely to see significantly a larger number of countries, many of them among the poorest countries in the world. And you know, for, for a large number of these countries, you know, this truly is a shock that is not of their own making. Whether its the Food Security issues associated with the war and ukraine. Ongoing issues of the pandemic. None of these things were problems created by these countries or their governments. So, you know, the issue around conditionality is, is, is a key one here. Not, not necessarily the moment to try to leverage policy reforms in these governments when theyre trying to deal with crises that were not of their own making. And of course, each country has its own monetary policies dealing with its own set of challenges. But do you think the m f is doing enough to promote the stability of the, of the International Monetary system as a whole . Yeah, well, this is a key question right now. And this has more to do with the relationship with its rich country members. So obviously theres a lot of attention on the Federal Reserve here in the u. S. And their actions, which are guided by domestic requirements and domestic law. But clearly there are ramifications and significant negative ramifications for other countries in the world, in terms of the Interest Rate of facts. So what we would like to see, what we want to see is, is coordination between the us, between european governments and the i. And now on ways in which they can deal with this Collateral Damage for other countries. And weve seen that in the past prices, the Federal Reserve has opened swap lines with other Central Banks in the world. I think, you know, that is in coordination with the i the, i and that, and im not blending china today. We, weve seen them at least put on the offer of these kinds of swap line from their central bank. Its not clear yet if the terms of that offer are flexible enough for countries to make use of them, sri lanka was one case where there was a swap line open with china. But the, you know, the prudential standards of that arrangement were too, too rigid in a way that trail longer could not make use of it before the default. Scott morris could to get your perspective. Thank you. My pleasure. Now the race to green energy is going too fast for some oil rich developing nations. Nigeria is africas biggest export of oil, and it isnt ready to let go. Its huge reserves that are fueled its consumption and Economic Growth for more than half a century. Just as many dream reports from port hawk or this of show rig pumps, oil and gas off the coast of area for more than 60 years, petroleum has been the pillar of its economy. And for men, here live without oil, is simply unimaginable. We know for sure that even by 2050 i wasnt where it was still a count for my 58 percent of energy and production into will not be that wasnt well, hes not going to go away, but to going to become budget too much. Martina enough, well, and thats is really our focus. Petroleum contributes more than half of nigeria budget, and more than 90 percent of its sporting its jeff jennings, expert, se ditching, it could devastate the economy. The World Bank Says nigeria dependence on oil is greater than that of many other major producers. More than half of africa. 1. 3000000000 people have no access to power. Here in the figure is more than 45 percent of reaches. Yes. And they want to increase access to electricity as personally by told in the countries portland gas was also getting coverage growth, industry, expert, se africas oil will still find a ready market on the continent. Even if the rest of the world shut its doors. Africa needs energy. We are not selling energy outside because we dont need it. We are selling energy also because we are miss, we have misplaced priorities. Nigeria wants to be seen as playing its part in reducing global warming. 2 years ago, the government declared 2020 to 2030 as a decade of gas, a 10 year period to shift focus from oil and more to natural gas as a clean that transition fuel. But that doesnt mean the country will abandon its 37000000000 barrels of crude oil reserves. Altogether, a kenya is making major changes to its Energy Supply system. The country is now harvesting geothermal, steam. Consultants on the project site will cut Greenhouse Gas emissions, but also lift millions of people out of poverty. Caffeine, soil reports from the all cardiac power plant in neva, blasts of immense heat dot dozens of vents in the great rift valley. The steam is so hot, you can boil an egg in it to appreciate the power of this heat. There is no, were better to look the north west of kenyas capital nairobi. This energy is coming from the us and its essentially limitless. Anom windy is exploring for new geothermal drill sites for the countries Electricity Generating company. It is producing 962. 00 megawatts of power, but could do a great deal. More sanity say harnessing Geothermal Power for electricity is simple. Their theme from the ground is on if channel of in a steam lines and the steam life end up in up our place and bad steam. Of course, it is separated where the liquid face eyes they can inject a back into the ground and the steam dry steam is sticking to a power plant and runs at our bank. Generating electricity. Kenya derives most of its energy from clean sources. It has some of the Worlds Largest geothermal wealth and plants. It is also the largest producer of wind and Geothermal Energy on the continent. I think africa stands out now as a viable option to bring about the change so that africa will make the, the necessary contribution to greenly the environment. And thats why you find Major Economies having an interest in chaos specifically and in africa basically to her in but the fact of what is happening elsewhere in frances korea. He was recently connected to the greed, through a Rural Electrification program, sat on them, one guy, now we have light. We also have fewer cases of test at night. But there are still people in darkness. We need to light up the entire village. In most parts, people are now enjoying the benefits of renewable energy. Many kenyans are connected to the national green, while others have installed us system. The government says it wants to ensure every home has electricity in the next 10 years. The idea is, and its schools is not just to live top the country, but the whole continent. And that is our show for this week run by you can get in touch with us by tweeting me at has and seek. And to use the hash tag a see to see when you do an e mail, counting the cost as just the dot net is our address as well for you online at as in a dot com slash ctc. That will take you straight to our page, which has individual report links, an entire episode for you to catch up on that is it for this edition of counting . The cost hasnt speak from the whole team. Yes, thanks for joining us. The news on edge is, it is next the ah ah, ah, ah ah ah, i am a fighter and i knew k Prime Minister liz trust battles to hold on to her jaw, about the chaos in the house of commons. Ah, hello on the darn jordan. This is out as they are alive from to also coming up. Russian president Vladimir Putin imposes Marshal Lloyd for annexed regions in ukraine