How everything has changed since the first cosmonaut of the planet, yuri gagarin, went into space on vostok ships and now there is a whole house in low earth orbit in which astronauts work and live. This is the International Space station, a huge permanently inhabited artificial satellite of the earth, an outpost of humanity in low earth orbit. After breakfast at the International Space station specialists from the Mission Control center, that is, the ground is fine. Uh, with that we finished and then either conducting scientific experiments or maintaining the station itself, or perhaps one of the most risky operations, a spacewalk. They certainly take risks. We live here on earth with our earthly concerns, and at this time it flies above us. This is mahina weighing 440 tons. Why does the planet breathing just stop when you look at this beauty from this porthole to the ground 400 km, an abyss under your feet and around darkness, and there is no end to it and we are preparing for a spacewalk, we are preparing a spacesuit. Were in trouble there. We broke off the head of the bolt together with the fastening of american lamps and television cameras. And we need to unscrew it from there and, of course, happen here. Can do anything when youre a blink in this endless song. Space adversity surrounds our planet and the fall of meteorites and flashes of explosions of heat changes that come from the sun, which causes climate fluctuations on earth, nevertheless, life on earth continues small, and the blue ball is one surrounded. When you get to general space training, thats when all the fun of the courtroom begins. Uh, parachute jumps, flights on l39 fighters. E, working out extravehicular activity, you dive under water before the parachute opens, you need to open another card with mathematical problems received on the ground, which you need to have time to perform somersault turns and other figures during the fall. The average falling speed is 60 m s. And thats it. This time, the candidate cosmonauts must conduct a detailed report on their actions and feelings. In this case, it is necessary to maintain a stable position and track the height. And here it becomes more or less on jumps. It is clear who, in the event of an emergency , will be able to save himself and the crew. And who should forget about space. You pass an insane number of exams, test scores in various disciplines, while you understand you, they look at you carefully, study and draw conclusions, and at one of the stages of preparation , send to the isolation chamber, a candidate for astronauts must spend a full isolation and silence 3 days and two nights without sleep and do not go crazy. They could transmit the task, and there they specially made such a camera in the door through which food was brought there, in general, it feels a little like being in prison, notes were passed there, what was needed there, what tasks Everything Else was due to the fact that we are tired of our the brain gets tired , some kind of mental disorders can come out. And by the way, such stories. Unfortunately, there were also people told. Well, sorry for a normal life. You are proud. Yes, but god forbid uh, something similar will come out in flight. Lets say we cant do this, so please quit. The crew of a space expedition is made up like a puzzle. Experts try to minimize possible psychological conflicts between the members of the expedition, because in space there is simply no way to run away from each other. I think for successful training you need an ordinary human quality. Such as decency. Honesty , responsibility, diligence, we get used to each other, we understand where you can somehow turn a person, where no, never we do not cross the boundaries of any personal relations of family regions and thanks to this the human condition of the crew is at a high level. Standard activity of the expedition is 6 months 6 months of work in zero gravity isolation. Far from home , interesting but difficult work at the time of this shooting, the sixmonth expedition of sergei kut sverchkov and Sergei Ryzhikov was coming to an end, and at that very time on earth. Their replacements were completing preparations for the currency. Pyotr dubrov and Oleg Novitsky they flew to the iss on april 9, 2021, then receipts in detachment he served in the north caucasus and did not serve there for about 10 years, and therefore they did not really have to think about space, as the odessa dream. And, perhaps, she appeared to enter the detachment when the recruitment took place. And i was just finishing the air force academy, that is, i ended up here literally two stops in the train. And thanks to these circumstances. It turned out that i spent a total of almost a year in space during my first two flights. In touch, there are outside the earth, perhaps three dangers, except for purely psychological effects, weightlessness radiation and ultraviolet radiation from the sun, but there are also galactic cosmic rays, which , frankly, we do not understand where they come from, most likely, particles with Higher Energy during explosions of stars. Lets say you are thrown a tennis ball, it will not hurt you, but if the same ball is fired from a cannon at a speed of 500 m s, it can even pierce your body, in the end. And here is approximately the same difference between a particles of solar radiation and galactic. I even i will say more sometimes they pierce the atmosphere of the earth. And now, here next to us , with every person on earth, from time to time they fly by, but they are nevertheless weakened by the layers of the atmosphere, and they are already here. At their lowest, their energy is small and for our body they are not very dangerous, but for the cosmonaut it is not a weakened stream of cosmic particles. This is a deadly thing, these particles penetrate everything and cannot be protected from them, and they destroy the molecules of our body so much that even medicines do not help to restore them later. There is a porthole in the cabin, but it is closed with a special special mat that protects against radiation at 9 am gmt when in moscow 12 the iss begins, perhaps, the most important thing, for the sake of which it was invented and created, first of all, the iss is a scientific laboratory, allowing research in completely different fields of science in the unique conditions of space flight, the schedule of work and rest of the cosmonauts is scheduled by the minute, the costs, including human costs, for this entire space project are too high. Its Cutting Edge Research unique research, which can not be done anywhere else on earth, this and new materials. This new communication system, new engines, new e, radiation protection. These are new drugs. We conduct hundreds of experiments in physics in chemistry in biology in medicine, the hostile cosmos still allowed us something Weather Forecast sounding the ecological situation search for fires and illegal logging development of new Mineral Deposits monitoring crops and 500 channels in your tv. This is all the work of space satellites. Estimating the size of forest areas , types of vegetation, and assessing the boundaries of logging, including illegal damage from fires or pests, is all the task of a space experiment. Oak forest. The iss crew is able to quickly take photographs for one area, analyze the information received and transmit this information to the ground. In this way, also piloted astronautics helps to preserve and increase the natural wealth of our large country, a taxi driver, now without a compass and a map, will quickly find it. Your home space satellites included in the Global Navigation system tell him the way. We can grow the perfect crystal with the perfect crystal lattice, which is in high demand. For example, in laser technology. We can grow very large proteins, which cannot be obtained on earth, but they are very important for pharmacology. In particular for oncology for the treatment of oncological diseases. Recently, a completely amazing experiment, which, by the way, was put up by a russian company, that is, imagine the future, when from human cells you can print an organ for him instead of a patient, and you understand that this, well, will really be a revolution in healthcare, this technology will succeed and will be scalable only in zero gravity it turned out to print human organs for the first time. While on the iss astronauts work easily. Floating from one workplace to another on the ground their colleagues and colleagues. They barely touch this state, which is unusual for the body, and learn some simple action under conditions weightlessness. On board the laboratory plane, which flies either steeply up or down steeply to a state of weightlessness, lasts an average of 25 seconds. Because of this time, one should try to fly from one side to another, or that it is more difficult to put on a spacesuit. But the most difficult thing begins already there in orbit, when the weightlessness necessary for carrying out all the experiments on board the iss becomes a threat to the health of the cosmonaut when the body does not feel any load for a long time. The muscles of the body atrophy. In a long space flight physical activity is not entertainment and relaxation, but prevention of the negative impact of weightlessness in these pleasant, relaxing conditions and the heart very quickly rearranges its rhythm and begins to drive in a small circle. Why do we have such intense physical training on board the station every day for 2 hours every day for at least 2 hours of training. Perhaps this is the only one. 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It can be different it doesnt matter what caused the pain, if there is pentalgin universal remedies for different types of pain pentalgin can do without pain, we will show the exact rate, the amount and payment on the loan on the website dot ru Alexander Volkov from the ninetyfirst to the ninetyeighth year led the cosmonaut detachment and once , on duty, he took personal files and an application for a new pressure on the detachment, so then in one of the cases he opens the cover you read Volkov Sergey alexandrovich i open the photo. Im just like that, even now ive got a little frost on my skin. I sat down and thought, oh, you are soandso. Would you at least tell me that you are going to go to the detachment, cosmonauts and in just a few seconds, a feeling of pride. I remember that i told him seryozha to be an astronaut is very difficult, but being an astronaut and being the son of an astronaut is even more difficult, because a very narrow circle that communicates, which teaches astronauts and they will always compare you with dad. Closed it. Me not. I put him in the middle. I never had any competition with my father in this regard. It was like a landmark of exactly the highest level of professionalism. Of course, when it all happened, it felt like as if a rocket is flying inside you and these experiences are tears in a hail. I experienced a lot of stress when my son went into outer space. It was a night out from 1 am to 6 00 am. Here i was sitting in the Mission Control center, my bald head sat. For me, to fly and not perform a single spacewalk during the flight is somehow. Well, it was very sad even Sergei Volkov had three flights. In total in space. He spent a year and a half of his life doing spacewalks four times, for a total of almost 24 hours outside stations at infinity. This is very hard work. This requires the highest concentration of very serious physical training work and begins. Shes still on the ground in the hetero lab. Space. There is no weightlessness here. While pyotr was preparing to fly on earth to the iss , at least sverchkov was preparing for his spacewalk. For the first time in its life, a feature of this exit is the combination of Resource Work of technical experiments and the preparation of the iss for the reception of a new module of the Multifunctional Laboratory Module mlm science. First time sergei went into outer space, on november 18 , 2020, together with Sergei Ryzhikov , for almost seven hours. They performed the necessary work on the quiet maintenance of the station. Space walks, this is probably the most interesting thing that can be in space currency. Yes, its dangerous. Yes, its hard. Sergei ryazansky flew to the iss twice, in total he lived and worked. There 10 months. He had four spacewalks, one of which sergey remembered as special in november 2013, there is a glove in which i endured the olympic torch in the thirteenth year, when the whole country was preparing for the olympics, in the event the crew and i took part in the Olympic Torch Relay , the olympic torch flew into space, and then oleg and i, my commander, carried it into outer space. And so on. About how a person alone goes into this darkness, whether you like it or not, but on your mind. This question may come. What happens if something breaks . Tables for how long we have to live, if anything happens. Thank god there were no such stories, but if a person flew off station for some reason, yes, i badly paired these carbines. You will never return, so the resources of the suit will run out, and you will die. And to catch a person, well, it is unrealistic, that is, he will practically spin in orbit. Yes , not yet, the density of the atmosphere, but that time cannot be people anyway. Look into the sky, the stars were counted. And everyone wanted to understand what was going on there. And now they look at knowledge pushing a person to this. Boris volynov, the last living cosmonaut from the first detachment of cosmonauts of the ussr, his story about the first flight into space, he began by talking about space luck. Believe me. She played a big role in the fact that we meet, that i stayed alive when i exploded in the sixtyninth year on a spaceship while still in space, well , almost 90 km, the explosion was from there somersault remained alive in 1969 cosmonauts Boris VolynovAlexey Eliseev and Yevgeny Khrunov manually and for the first time in history docked two ships in space manually in space. After the successful docking of the khrun ships , the eliseevs in open space moved from one on another ship, the next day, volynov alone returned to earth and his capsule caught fire, and the parachute did not open due to the strong rotation of the device. The powder took on a completely different shape. Which one is needed. I think the earth, and thats all over, but lucky then. I turned to this form, in general, and there was a stop. Rotation Emergency Landing of the North Eastern cities of moscow is an obligatory part of the preparation of cosmonauts in case the landing after the expedition does not happen where it was planned at sea, for example. The descent vehicle, of course, when you put it on, it gets so hot already, so the most difficult thing is, of course, to endure 1520 minutes before the exit. The astronaut learns to survive in any conditions, having defeated the cosmos, he must also defeat the earth. In short, the perfect person. Maybe all ideal people do not exist. An astronaut is an ordinary person. Definitely. We are no different from everyone else. And the only thing is that we are very adaptive, we are flexible, we are easy to train. We do not have a separate pilot, engineers are a doctor and a scientist. No yes an astronaut who can do everything. Rather, i would call an astronaut a professional who understands what he is doing, he is ready psychologically for the same, and he is ready, uh, for some kind of emergency situations. There was an abnormal situation of ammonia in the americans in the circuit of the thermal control system. All hardware. It stops, such a rude silence sets in at the station, this is one of the most terrible situations, because the slightest leaks, they are very poisonous and how could we even simply determine not only the american segment, but also the joint, if we we understood that our atmosphere is so polluted that its impossible to live there, then we would be wearing these, and the masks would descend to the ground, we were very lucky that at that moment this competent specialist was on duty in us and and in them in this way the system, a arranged, that it was possible to put this coolant into a siding to block the emergency circuit. Engineer elena serova was on the space expedition for 167 days, she is the fourth russian woman to have been in space and the first to work and live on the iss and was 38 when she was in space. When you have to explain who your mother works for, it has always been problematic, because they ask, and im a child. I answered honestly, i say, my mother is an astronaut. I was in a lesson at school and my mother called, just from there from space, its not customary for teachers to talk in the classroom, but you need to explain that mom can call right now, and then leave the communication zone. Says mom doesnt know you have lessons. I say he knows, but my mother is now in space, they also looked very strange at me, but they let me go, apparently, they decided not to to contact. Elena conducted an experiment in space. She grew apples there, and she succeeded. The east had already come out, but there wasnt enough sunlight for it to grow further, there wasnt enough food, on the contrary, there was a little sunshine. Yes, there was not enough nutrient medium. Yes, you fly into space, you already have to be, uh, not a stupid person. To fly there, because, well, there and thats it. You understand that wellknown people worked as engineers. Just a hundred people are working on this, yes, so that it can happen, so to speak, this flight, but logically. You you understand that this is a piece of iron that is now flying god knows where, but its a piece of iron , after all, maybe something doesnt go, and there our rodnulechka, so to speak, family comfort, it plays a very big role. Some couldnt fly because there was a scatter in the family, and i cant say that it was a lot, but some were suspended from flying. In general, the space career collapsed 11 silent men. It has the highest dosage of substances vacation just get up to five million in the department and online dreams come true, but sometimes they need help already in the subscription only he. About the sale, dont miss the sale on june 14th, and today the partner fugarden welding machine for 4. 390 rubles. And a sofa bed with a discount of 20 it acts selectively and disrupts the neobutin stool when it hurts somewhere around here with curd dessert, if hemorrhoids are. Knowing sausage papa can wax discounts up to 70 on sofa bed mattresses and pillows for a healthy sleep. 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Stylish prints for every taste, which one is yours . Sits inside, but show me what else is there so that dad comes out into the open. Space. Open open hatch. Dad, clinging to the platform with his feet. Look, really, everything dad goes far, but we will return him now. In general, this is a miracle, of course, once a week an astronaut is allowed such communication. So at home in the kitchen, the wife turns on the laptop, and there your husband is in the kitchen, and he is in space, after talking there is always something . Well, for example, my daughter is a bully at school. Dad asks to be obedient. Far away, she hears him more strongly at these moments, because the call to the mobile a phone from orbita is serious. This is serious and it must be done. Sergei was born in baikonur, his father was engaged in the installation of special equipment at the cosmodrome. Then the family moved to the moscow region. Sergei graduated from high school and became an engineer. We studied at bauman moscow state technical university, he stood out very much. Here among the rest is female intuition. She said that with this person you can step forward, where dad is limited at all, not with our families with our relatives and close people, of course, in orbit, including we lack this communication. At the same time, we astronauts are always immersed in the work of enduring separation. Therefore, it is easier for us. In the end. We consciously go for it, as families, obviously our absence is more difficult to endure than our support, the more joyful the moment of meeting will be after returning to earth. Dad, look at our gifts, grandfather. During the flight, the astronauts receive two parcels from home, they are delivered by a cargo ship along with other cargo, in addition to personal belongings, photographs and sweets in the parcel in the Old Fashioned way. We really are. Thats all wrote by hand. It is very pleasant to receive a letter written by the hand of a loved one of the generation of a child and childrens drawings of photographs of children, also all this is printed, so that all this material can be felt. Its my first time in flight. Ah. I realized that the cool thing is letters written by hand. We have lost the habit of it, and on the letters it is written to open there in some month on such a date to open there, then you honestly endure it all, although your hands itch, you open it and there is a Living Letter from your father. Did you write a letter . Yes, yes, i dont remember what i wrote, but i remember it struck me that this truck was assembled before they left, so seryozha is still here on earth. Yes, it was a very read. He is in 23 months. Thats what i remember from that moment, when you try to imagine. That time has passed, that he opens it there on board the iss, that you can write Something Like this there. The attraction of the earth is a force that always returns us to our home planet even without gravity. We cannot imagine our life. We dont realize how strong we are. This is very difficult to understand, because you only need to experience it and experience it for yourself after weightlessness. You understand it in a different way, how much effort you need to make in order to believe to open, we actually very strongly even came up with an idea. I think, it seems to me that this is not our drainage, not human. The centrifuge increases inhuman gravity 8 times the astronaut must survive the overload while still on earth during training in order to understand whether he can even fly a month before his launch Oleg Novitsky and pyotr dubrov passed the exam on the centrifuge, having completed the algorithm of actions that will be necessary if, as a result of a failure in the automation, when the apparatus is lowered to the ground, a manual controlled descent command is received. This is actually a test, but how does your body endure overloads, how does the heart work, how does the blood supply to the brain work during overload . Can the vessels quickly push, uh, the heart to push the blood to the brain to provide, uh, oxygen supply, its about like eight people seventy on your chest april 8, 2021 on at the meeting of the state commission, the composition of the crew of the soyuz 65th longterm expedition to the iss near Oleg Novitsky was approved. The business trip is designed for 191 days with petr dubrov and the american astronaut. Marco is looking forward to a year. It seems to me that we are now, uh, at the start of a new vitok, we have come to a certain milestone, and the main indicator of this is the emergence of successful private companies, the technology is practically no longer secret. They lie on the surface. It remains only to correctly reproduce them, find a means and astronautics really is now on the verge of a very serious breakthrough. You know that once upon a time it was good on mars. On mars there were flows, reiki was an ocean. Im sure there was life there. Although it hasnt been proven yet. And where it is and for what reason it is very important. For us, the climate of the earth is also changing every second. Our planet loses about 3 kg of hydrogen. Hydrogen is water and i would like to know why mars on mars this happened quickly, and the earth still holds the conditions for our life and generally preserves them if something happens similar to what happened on mars , conditions on earth can change very quickly and we will not notice how they become uninhabitable. Therefore, we need to understand what happened on mars. What happened there . And for this we launch this road on a flight to mars, this is already a quadruple dose of radiation. Which doctors generally allow a person to receive, this is a big one. And maybe even deadly, and yet people will fly, of course they will. We continue to explore ourselves explore our planet space beyond the earth and will do it always. I would like to quote sir. George melari when asked. Why does he want to conquer everest, he exclaimed, because he exists and we are exploring space and mastering it, because he is. God forbid that it be for peaceful purposes, yes, that is, there is the exploration of mars, or it will be or will it be a lunar base. Well, for now we will wait for a large number of people to be able to start at once. And most importantly , return safely. Crew change on the iss took place sergey kut sverchkov and Sergey Ryzhikov safely returned home. And while we failed to explore other planets. Earth is the only place in the universe where astronauts are waiting to love and understand if he sets off again on this steep route to heaven and above. My name is nikolai tikhonov, i am a test cosmonaut of the raskosmos detachment. Navigator star city but for this i must say, thank you. It is amazing for 20 years of the last century humanity has done. Man m. Achieved began balancing astronautics a phenomenon in our country. This is a great educator to a person who, for the sake of his dreams. He did not regret, neither strength nor health, he slept through the night. He wanted to do everything. I dont know what would have happened if there hadnt been such a person to a person whose fantasy was not limited even to the gravity of the earth to move, yes, to buy a summer house on mars was imagine what we would have achieved, if he had not passed away so early, perhaps we would already be preparing to move to mars