UNIA-ACL
The Black Liberation flag was created by the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL) on August 13, 1920 during its month-long convention at Madison Square Garden in New York City. The UNIA-ACL was founded by the Honorable Marcus Mosiah Garvey. He was a Blackman from Jamaica.
The flag was established in 1920 by members of UNIA in response to a racist song that became a hit around 1900 called, “Every Race Has a Flag but the Coon.” This song has been cited as one of the three songs that “firmly established the term coon in the American vocabulary.”
According to the UNIA, the three colors on the Black Nationalist flag represent: