Surgical teams at NYU Langone Health performed the world's first genetically modified pig kidney transplant into a human body in September and November 2021, and then transplanted two pig hearts in the summer of 2022. These procedures were done in patients declared dead based on neurologic criteria (decedents) and maintained on ventilators with the consent of their families. Demonstrating the field's progress, NYU Langone in April 2024 transplanted a pig kidney into a living patient.