Carol Ockman, art history professor emerita at Williams College, wrote her first book proposal in the 1990s, years before she knew she would co-curate an exhibit on the same topic at New York’s Jewish Museum. “My first sentence was, ‘Sarah Bernhardt was the Madonna of her time, only better.’ Now you could probably say, ‘She’s the Lady Gaga of her time,’” Ockman told JNS. “There are other figures whom one might name, but for me, it was Marilyn Monroe.”