Ago, in april 1954, the supreme soviet of the ussr adopted a law on the transfer of the crimean region and the composition of the rsfsr to the ukrainian ussr, and thus finally approved the decision of the Party Leadership of the cpsu, which was initiated by the then first secretary of the Central Committee. Be that as it may, what they definitely didnt do 70 years ago during the transfer of crimea was not ask the crimeans themselves, but whether they wanted to become part of, albeit a fraternal, but still another union republic, the question is not only economic, but cultural integration of the inhabitants of crimea into ukraine was unprincipled for officials, its okay, after all, everyone. Is soviet people, but with the beginning of the collapse processes in the nineties, the issue became on the agenda in january ninetyone, in a referendum, the majority of crimeans spoke in favor of the autonomy of crimea with the possibility of signing a new union treaty with the ussr, in the ninety fourth, during the allcrimean poll, which was essentially also a referendum, residents of the peninsula spoke in favor of the possibility of dual citizenship, ukrainian and russian. But kiev was not going to meet the decisions for which the russianspeaking majority of the inhabitants of the peninsula voted. In ninetyfive, the Verkhovna Rada abolished the constitution of crimea in ninetytwo and abolished the post of president of this republic. In the crimean constitution of 1998, the rights of autonomy within ukraine were significantly limited. Then there were two maidans. To limit russian memory and oust everything russian from it. In education, attempts to revise historical language in the public sphere 2014, 60 years after khrushchevs transfer of the peninsula to ukraine, crimeans decided to restore historical justice and return to the Russian Federation. How was the decision made to transfer crimea to the ukrainian ussr . 70 years ago, how they tried to ukrainize crimea, what consequences this led to, in the story of anna efimova. Moscow 1935, instead of doubleheaded imperial eagles , soviet stars are installed on the kremlin tower. The images are largely symbolic; at the same time, the political star begins to rise career of Nikita Sergeevich khruchev, a party leader whose name is years old. Later they will be inextricably linked with the history of crimea in the most negative way. You see, the limit was 1954. Did anyone ask us . Secretary of the cpsu Central Committee and shortly before the transfer , shortly after his election as the first crimea to ukraine, khrushchev personally went to the peninsula; at that time he was still the partial master of the situation in the country. Malenkov remains, molotov remains, right here. This archive can be called the holy of holies of the cpsu record keeping. This is where they are stored documents of departments of the Central Committee, congresses of the cpsu, first secretaries of the party, thematic folders of the politburo. But an amazing moment, such an important process as the transfer of a region from one republic to another, is essentially accompanied by only two documents. A short resolution of the politburo of the presidium of the cpsu Central Committee and an impersonal certificate about the geography and population of crimea. Titov headed crimea in 1949. During the war years , he successfully organized the work of factories beyond the urals and was known as a strong business executive, so he restored what was destroyed after stalin entrusted the great patriotic peninsula to him. Stalin said that there is an opinion that titov should appoint you first secretary of the Regional Committee of crimea. Grandfather said that i m afraid that i wont be able to cope, because ive never been in charge, ive always been the second secretary there, so what. Stalin said well, if you cant cope, what will we do . asked koganovich. Koganovich said well shoot you. stalin said titov, go to work. and titov worked, they say that during the Nineteenth Congress he suggested that stalin change the name region from the crimean to the tauride, and saw the prospect of restoring the region to the size of the prerevolutionary tauride province , which included part of the territory of the kherson and zaporozhye regions of the ussr. However, the majority of the people soon died and did not have time. Restrained from the highest offices. Then, when shelis is removed from power, moscow will generally become seriously interested in this issue. What happened there . Crimeans asked themselves this question in 2014, first, when the bloodshed began on the maidan, then, when unarmed kremian activists those returning to the peninsula from kiev were defeated by farright ukrainian nationalists. There was never a clear investigation into those events, but precisely. They became the impetus for the beginning of the Russian Spring in crimea. Crimea has already returned to russia for 10 years, during which time a lot has been done, highways and modern hospitals have been built. The peninsula has finally become an absolutely selfsufficient region; Pavel Ivanovich titov also advocated for all this in his time. Relatives of pavel titov have been trying for 10 years to install a memorial plaque on the central facade of the Central Museum of tavrita. This building was once, lets say, the main office of the modern language of the crimean Regional Committee of the Allunion Communist Party of belarus party, we know about the antihero. Yes, we know about khrushchev, but why dont we know about the heroes . And of course, the event of the fourteenth year, that is, i think he would have rejoiced, rejoiced, because in the fourteenth year what he seemed to be struggling with in the fifty third was restored. Over the years, many justifications have been given for the transfer of crimea to the ussr, however, none of them cancels the main thing. Correcting the political mistakes of the past is too expensive. We will talk about how the events of seventy years ago influenced the historical processes in novorussia with our regular expert, historian, political scientist, alexander vasiliev, sasha, good afternoon, good afternoon, sasha, since the time of the great, crimea belongs. The central rada called the germans, yes, because the National Idea of the ukrainian nationalists is to be occupied by germany in any circumstances, yes, that means german troops came in, right there it means that there were Ukrainian Military leaders, atamans, yes, such a mr. Balbachan, that means, who. Decided to make a military campaign at the head of his gaidomas units, to seize crimea, but even the germans, in general, the german occupiers in the first world war, they understood that the claims to crimea were unfounded. Then we know that there was a regime of hetman skoropatsky again, just when skoropatsky began to lay claim to crimea, he introduced a blockade, a blockade of the peninsula, that is, a trade blockade, yes, and all of this together was occupied by the germans, and it is very similar to the fact that happened absolutely, absolutely, and it must be said that they themselves. Well, heres a local, so to speak, some kind of political activist, yes, here s a local, heres local selfgovernment, the tovrian zemstvo, it fought, people went there from simphepol to kiev , they said that we have a single province, it is a single organism, social, economic, it should not be torn apart under any circumstances, but no one heard them then, and indeed the decision was made to cut off crimea, and leave the National Crimean Tatar republic there, yes. As part of the rsfsr, which included many autonomies, which means mainland parts, yes, to cut them into ukraine, when they discuss khrushchevs decision in the fifties to transfer crimea and ukraine, they talk more about some legal details of this decision, and less about a certain political context, as far as this is justified, it was all carried out in violation. Socialist legality, and soviet legislation, the lawyers are right in this sense, but, but we understand perfectly well why this happened, the essence was precisely in the political claims, the political claims of the ukrainian Party Leadership, which was embodied by Nikita Sergeevich khrushchev, yes, since one of his key posts, which generally gave him one of the top officials of the soviet state, was precisely the leadership of soviet ukraine, look, what else did khrushchev do, since, for example, the leadership of soviet ukraine and the leadership. These rules, which these realities crossed out, could be artificial borders, some decisions imposed decisions, to change this balance for a short time, but persistently ignoring this reality, it ultimately results in a bloody military conflict, if we acted in a civilized manner, if we acted in a way that was given the opportunity through a referendum and expressed ourselves, then of course it would have been possible to avoid this this negativity, but to cross out. This desire to restore the unity of the divided russian people, if you ignore this will to unity, yes, then in the end the consequences will be very destructive. Thank you very much for very detailed, interesting story. In soviet times there was a poster the book is the source of knowledge. Today, when people turn to the internet for information, and from there they often. Gain knowledge, reading paper books seems to have faded into the background, but for novorossiya, books and libraries are not only about reading, it is, first of all, an introduction to a culture that is still not so long ago they tried to push it out of the public space. Crimeans were the first among the new russian regions to feel the support of a large country. This was largely facilitated by the National Project culture, which started in 200. On the peninsula, among other things, 10 libraries were modernized, and two more are planned to open this year. Thanks to the National Project in the donetsk peoples republic, only last year socalled model libraries were opened in khartsisk, novoazovsk, and the village of mangush. A Modern Library is not just a book depository, it is a space with multimedia equipment, an updated book collection and bright interiors, where you can find the book you need and gain access to the resources of the National Electronic library and just have a fun time. Another event that has enriched the book stock of New Territories, read freely in russian, it is carried out by the russian book union. In the ukrainian years, local libraries experienced an acute shortage of works by russian writers and poets, as well as. Books published for school and Public Libraries in new regions, with money from the reserve fund of the president of the Russian Federation. Librarians of lugansk, donetsk, melitopol, genichesk admit that their institutions are experiencing a real book renaissance today. About how important to be able to hold a good book in your hands. Who do the residents of novorossiya read today and by whom . Writes for them in olga mokhovas story, look, there are wonderful authors, frontline authors. They admit that there are not enough hands to process such a volume of new literature. In 2023, the dpr received a Record Number of books, both as part of humanitarian and charitable programs, and as gifts from donetsk residents and residents of greater russia. If we take the beginning of the conflict, 2014 is the year of existence. Independent donetsk peoples republic, then the fund was replenished hard, difficult, mostly it was humanitarian aid from the Russian Federation in fairly small volumes, it was not always new literature, the city Subscription Department of the lugansk gorky library now receives more than 100 visitors every day, everyone finds what they are looking for, even a new service has appeared here, librarians , so that mothers can safely pick up books for themselves while their babies are under supervision, they say. Librarians note a balance in the literary preferences of local readers; classical literature is in demand and entertainment ticketing, but tolstoy, chekhov, gogol, dostoevsky, and soviet remain invariably in demand. Science fiction writers, in days of such upheavals, yes, when the world order changes, when a person feels some selfdoubt, and here the interest in classical literature always increases, because russian classics, like no other literature, always poses very important complex questions and tries to find answers to them answers. Modern russian literature and books are also available in full today to readers of New Territories winner of all prestigious domestic awards promptly. I was never told in any place how good it was that you brought a fun program, because, frankly speaking, the themes of war, they were a little tortured then, but children need to be happy, and how great it is that you read funny poems, children laugh, and if children ask adult questions and ask to explain what is happening why, you must, of course, answer, and answer honestly and convincingly, the writer believes, heroism is brought up not only by literature about war, but for example, in my childhood i had three favorite books, this is, of course, koverin, two captains, these are the children of captain grant, and this is the fifteenyearold captain zhelverno, all three of them talk about nobility. The kids live here, the arrival of a writer to any school, to any class is the best advertisement for readings. In 2023, representatives of the First Movement donated about 400,000 books to their peers in the donbass. In the dpr this year they plan to open three more modern libraries in donetsk, yanakiev and makeyevka, so there will definitely be even more readers in these regions. Olga mokhova, anastasia popova, valery savelelev, typical new russia. Thats all we wanted to talk about today. Kirill vyshinsky was with you. See you soon. We will take on this case, it will be an honest detective story. I have been waiting for you for eternity, i was in such a hurry to meet you, finally it has come, spring, warm, sunny, bright, the russian exhibition has blossomed with all the colors of spring, you have been waiting for spring, now it is spring. Is waiting for you at the exhibition russia the russian army, in response to shelling in the ssu , carried out 35 group strikes in a week with. Weapons, including hypersonic missiles dagger, and