Documentaries, we are watching, we are watching, this year the frosts were delayed, the ice on the lena only appeared in december, and even then not everywhere, climate warming again guilty, the offseason is the most difficult time, until a winter road is laid on ice, remote regional republics find themselves cut off from each other and the rest of russia, allterrain vehicles come to the rescue, ice crossings are installed and moved only in winter, and in summer due to there are no water barriers, no movement, our equipment allows it, it is floating, and people can move with the help of our equipment. Allterrain vehicles developed for the north in novosibirsk are produced directly in yakutsk. Small businesses are struggling, but making their way through the permafrost. Of course, it is difficult, due to the complex logistics, to make deliveries here, especially in the offseason period, when there is a crossing and engine delivery. For everyone else , everything has to be transported from the primorsky region, from novosibirsk. Yakutsk, as the capital of the entire region, is among the 100 largest cities of the Russian Federation and today 158 days a year it does not have yearround communication. That is, it is either autumn freezeup or spring flood, respectively, at this Time Communication transportation of goods and passengers is practically not carried out, a bridge is vital, firstly, in the offseason, emergency situations very often arise, this is falling through the ice, and or, accordingly, some other emergency situations. Yakutsk has been waiting for bridges for decades. Across the lena, on the other bank there is a federal highway and a railway, its laid recently, it connects the republic with central russia. The construction of the bridge in permafrost conditions will begin this year, it will be a grandiose construction project, no less important and largescale than the epic with the crimean bridge, that is, the bridge is planned to be built here, and the bridge will be held in this section, in this section, and through these islands it goes to the other side through the lab will cross there and it will come out on the other side with what length and the artificial structure itself will be 3,120 m long, and approaches of about 10 km cost well, in general, with each on the other hand, an employee of the Reagent Laboratory , rosalia ivanova, leads us through the underground , icy, almost fabulous galleries and never ceases to admire the natural diamonds created by the frost. Look what beautiful crystals grow here, you wont see such crystals anywhere else, only here in the permafrost, its very interesting, they also need to be studied. These crystals look like flowers, like butterflies, there are clusters of such white butterflies, in the summer here, this all reminds us not of winter, but of summer. On the contrary, when beautiful flowers grow on our land olanjo. Before the permafrost had time to melt, it was made in yakutia. Tourist attraction. In the adit under the mountain, where there used to be food warehouses, Ice Sculptures were placed and excursions are introduced here. The Strategic Reserves of the city of yakutsk were also previously stored here, that is , in fact, it is a natural refrigerator where meat and hand were stored. We are descending to a depth of 10 m. Now the Strategic Reserve of not only yakutia, but the entire state, is stored in another place, also in underground adits. Just not there canned food with stewed meat, and the gene background of agricultural plants. This is our russian noahs ark, here in the very heart of yakutia. Gold in the event of a global catastrophe hid tens of thousands of species of plant seeds. This bean, for example, was placed in a jar as early as november 27, 1978, and they say it will be stored here forever. Approximately the same international doomsday Storage Facility was built on spitsbergin, also in permafrost, but this is our, domestic, basis for National Food security. Such seed banks are the first academician vavilov began to create it back in the twenties of the last century. If some kind of cataclysm happens on earth, some kind of plant suddenly disappears, thanks to this collection, these plants can be restored to their population. It turns out that at temperatures of 78, the similarity of these seeds is up to 95 . But if they had not been stored in such conditions at subzero temperatures, they would have completely lost their similarity after 15 years. Melting permafrost presents real treasures for paleontologists. For example, this mammoth tibia was recently found on the coast of the laptev sea. What a heavy one. Thats who will say after this that russia is not our homeland. Elephants, this is your treasure, yes, the dream of all yakut geneticists , to clone a fossil giant and return it to its natural habitat, this is the malylyakhovsky mammoth, discovered on malyilyakhovsky island, the main object that is being studied as part of the project to revive the mammoth. The mammoth was found by hunters in 2012 for fossil bones on one of the islands of the laptev sea, in order to make it more convenient to get to the tusks, they cut off the trunk, from which blood began to ooze, then the scientists were immediately informed about the find. We hope that viable cells will be found from a large number of samples and we will be able to implement our project. Scientists determined that it was a female mammoth, over 60 years old, and suffering from climate change. This is an elderly female, upon examination it turned out that she also has a lot of arthrosis, just like people, and the animals were sick with various. Diseases, and the age of 28,000 years, just happens to be during the kargin interglacial, when the climate changed, the vegetation changed, that is , the nutrition of the animals changed, perhaps there was some kind of mineral starvation, and these kinds of changes occurred in the organisms. Here we see a whole cell with a core, a shell, and there is a chance, a chance. There is, yes, there is a chance, in general the tissues of the malolyakhovsky mammoth were very well preserved, the whole problem is that one living cell is not enough, a whole group of them is needed, right now they are dissecting the ancient a hare who spent 30,000 years in permafrost, he also has a chance to be reborn, this is a voice, it poured, no, this, give me a scissor, and a bone, some kind of bone there, open up, these wool are still there, oh, little red one, the blood remained, well, the meat, the muscles, you can see, that means its fresh inside, well , they brought it to us frozen, but we dont know how long it was lying there on the ground, the closest relative of this ancient one from palina is the indian elephant, here with its help they will try to carry out cloning when they try to implant it into an elephants egg. Genetic material of a mammoth, and then use the technology of conventional in vitro fertilization. She recently gave birth to healthy puppies, mammoths are the first on the waiting list, if we cant talk about the revival of mammoths yet, then their neighbors from the subhistorical era have already returned to yakutia and feel quite well here, now its 45 below zero, and at least theres nothing for the bison , surrounded our car and did not allow us to get back into it. North american forest besons were brought 15 years ago from canada, once in during the ice age, they went there through the bering strait, unlike mammoths, they were able to survive, and are now exploring their historical homeland and actively reproducing. Once the bulls broke the game, the whole herd went into the taiga, and here they are. They feel the herd very well, well, by coercion of the earth, of course they need to feed, they themselves came home. At the yakutsk airfield they are preparing flights to remote areas beyond the Arctic Circle, passengers are even bringing eggs with them, what are you taking to the north . Because its half the price here, but how much does it cost there . 600 rub. And the tickets expensive now . Prices for air tickets are really just off the charts, due to just a couple of hundred passengers there, so everything is done in a week at best, the airport should exist, and in the cost of tickets, airport tariffs take up to 20 , whereas in russia as a whole, this 12 , no more, but its cheaper to moscow, in the end it turns out that , taking into account the still high cost of fuel, our price is to fly, for example, from chersky, so to yakutsk is several times more expensive than to fly from yakutsk to moscow, high cost fuel, why is it so in our country, the cost of transporting it to airports is off the charts, two flying minibuses, an an38, run between diamond mining villages, while they were waiting for passengers, the plane cabin was frozen, everyone was sitting in their clothes, the stove was working below, you will tell me if its hot , we will clean up the firewood, if necessary add more, they are trying to warm up the neighboring an24, the plane, like the tentacles of an octopus, is entwined with thick hoses through which it is pumped into the engine. The cabin is warm , the plane is flying in tix, on the coast the arctic ocean, carrying blood for transfusion, human lives literally depend on the efficient operation of aviation in yakutia. During the landing approach , one child was born, or a boy, and already in the parking lot there was a second one, filling the women with twins. Alexander tishchenko has been in polar aviation for almost 40 years, usually the weather here is not only not suitable for flying, but extreme. When you practically cant see the ground. You have to go to the queue, of course, you go to the alternate airfield, here and there, but the fact itself, because you have to go 1,500 km beyond chetsky, and you already have kerosene, there you need to go to the reserve, this tension is naturally such that there is nowhere to sit and this is all in the dark, winter, the fog is gone, where will you sit, nowhere will you sit, and the crew will take a working place . Review, there is a procedure in conditions of limited visibility, in the event of an engine failure after the speed of decisionmaking, we continue, approach on one engine at magan airport, since the yakut weather does not match, the landing sites happen, we are a little in the other direction, also in the arctic to ovenkiy village alenyok, together with us and the passengers carrying cartons of eggs to the north, the head of the republic Aisen Nikolaev is flying to open the fiberoptic line, in the porthole the yakut rivers are encased in an ice shell, drawing mysterious runes. The head of yakutia in valenka is greeted with traditional winkist quarantine events. Hello, what are you doing now . Purification from the ancestors is passed on, well, from everyone, no, how do you always meet everyone like that. Does it help against coronavirus . Helps. Olenyok is more than 1. 00 km from yakutsk to the northwest, in side of taimyr, population 2,000 people, this is the center of a huge region the size of poland. In the nineties, such villages beyond the Arctic Circle were seriously proposed to be liquidated and people to be taken somewhere warmer, but the Russian Arctic survived, and here in alenka in recent years there has even been an increase in population, extinction has been stopped. Last year a large Cultural Center with a cinema was built here. The village slowly began to come to life. Now we also have the internet. Previously, reindeer herders used a satellite modem, it was expensive and the signal was not always received, because distance education appeared in nomadic schools long before the coronavirus. Lets, guys, remember the lines of alexander sergegevich kopskin about winter. Frost and sun are a wonderful day, frost and sun are a wonderful day. Usually, when we have such a picture here in kolinka, we see this picture when we meet the longawaited sun after a long time. And we celebrate this holiday of meeting the sun forever. Yes. I imagine this picture like this, sparkling snowy. Endless tundra, dazzling sunlight and blue skies, but the main thing in these nomadic schools is that they teach the traditional way of life, the basics of aline farming, High School Students practice throwing a lasso, how many meters do they throw . 15 10, those who are younger harness the sleigh and try to saddle the reindeer, they patiently endure the responsibilities of a living visual aid. Oh, well done, really, after the internet came to every yeranga, its already difficult to convince young people to live in the tundra like their ancestors. What will you be when you grow up . I dont know, probably an engineer, so do you still want to leave here . Probably, why, why . Relatives keep saying its nice here, quiet, calm, ecology, nature, natural products, but what the hell is going on in your cities . I dont know, i guess i still want to see cities, travel or see the world, but why exactly do you want to be an engineer . What exactly will you design . That you would probably like rockets, you want to build rockets, but in the meantime youre riding a reindeer, yes, i would like them to stay and continue the activities that their ancestors occupied, and for this they created all this nomadic school. Teacher a separate, nomadic kindergarten, in the ulus itself, the national lus, but the language has been lost, for years, without asking us, they taught the russian language, the yakut language, for me this is important, because the people are without a language, and as if this is no longer people, and if there is a deer, an event without a deer is also not an event. We try to preserve our uniqueness, because you see, any person can learn to drive a car, but to drive a deer, its difficult to preserve our tradition, of course, but its necessary, because how can i say it, so as not to dissolve among the gray masses of large masses, the arctic is the future of yakutia and our arctic is actually the future of the entire country. We exempted all residents of the yakut arctic from a number of taxes, from transport tax, from property and land tax, all these expenses were taken into the republican budget, we must make sure that people in the arctic live comfortably, so that people do not run away from here, as it was unfortunately for us, this continued there in the nineties, in the 2000s, but for people to want to stay here, for people to come here, from this point of view, thats how once again, where you and i are, this is a unique place where, where there is real. Development, where there has been real population growth in recent years , we have had the past 19 years, this is the first year when the population of the arctic in postsoviet times for the first time has grown. Khamos for the sakha is such a psychotherapeutic tool when , with the help of music, the sounds of khamus in the cold and long winters, they imagined the revival and flourishing of nature, and these sounds of nature, the voices of nature, helped our ancestors survive the cold and long winters. This only khamus can convey the icy beauty of snowy silence, the frosty air rings like that, the siberian winds penetrate to the very bone, before the yakuts used khamos to declare their love, they also said that khamos is a purely female instrument that could be used to lay a child down and can play a lullaby and. The child fell asleep well. It was in this music of taiga forests and frozen tundra that the unique yakut character was born. The main feature of the yakut people is probably their endurance, their friendliness, because we live in the far north and the most important thing is that it is very cold here, in this cold, and our winter is very long, without the support of a friend, a neighbor, but it is almost impossible to live, especially in those harsh years when it was settled here, yes, next year yakutia celebrates the centenary of the creation of the soviet autonomous republic, and in general russia and the yakuts have been living together for 4 centuries, since the yenisei centurion pyotr biketov founded the yakut island on the right bank of the lena, all sorts of things have happened over these years. And conflicts and uprisings, until the cultures of the two peoples became intertwined into one. We all have orthodox surnames, we bear the surnames of boyar children, lets say surnames like khalmogorov, for example, dyakonov, uh, ambrosie, nifontov, there are few such surnames left in russia, well, we have them in the republic , my grandmother is akulina, and my grandfather is inakenki, tens, that is. Such names that, in fact, well , they can rarely be heard on the territory of central russia, the region is very rich, probably in the nineties the question was asked there, what will we be feeding russia, you know, some people had such thoughts, they were like that before, now sometimes it also slips in, yes, but you have to understand that this huge territory, it is without finding this territory as part of a great state, it cannot exist, i say this again, it is a huge territory, but it is sparsely populated, it requires huge expenses for the maintenance of the same infrastructure, for its creation, in general, but from this point of view, i believe that yakutia has never assimilated itself. Outside russia, we are the most probably the great patriots that our state has, because we always feel like a farpost of the country, here in the northeast of the eurasian continent, this is yakutia, yakutia itself, like a huge rough diamond in a precious collection of regions of russia, which still requires laborintensive proofing. This icy and impregnable region has yet to be truly conquered, making it comfortable for life and at the same time preserving the pristine beauty of these breathtaking spaces. Dear friends, i am pleased to invite you to our new release, the Authors Program of besagon tv, which will be called mil pardon under the blanket. I think it will be interesting, i look forward to our meeting. Why are you pestering me, what do you want . Lord of the wind, i worry every time he leaves, but he returns, he promised me. Soon. How is this day remembered in history . Well tell you right now, hello. On september 27 , 1672, the English Royal African Company received a monopoly on the trade in slaves from africa. Only for the first 20 years of work, she sold about 100,000 slaves. The Company Owned trading posts and trading settlements on the west coast of africa. It was called the golden coast. European ships