Salt fabrics. China is still the number one producer of modern cells with as much as 90 percent of the world soak coming from asia. Now the modern silk industry generates about 3000000000. 00 of revenue per year, or about a 150000. 00 metric tons of silk are produced each year. In contrast, your basic cotton commodity produces 25000000 metric tons annually because of its limited production quantity. So commands a much higher price on the international market. In 2021. Ross still costs over 30. 00 per kilogram. While your basic marina will cost us 10. 00 per kilogram. Now there are several insects that produce soak fiber proteins, but the preferred insect is the domestic so form after hatching. So forms will eat constantly and must be fed at least twice a day on a specific type of mulberry li. Whites mulberry leave it believe to encourage the best. So production these so forms need to collectively consume about a 140 kilograms of mulberry leaves. Just to produce one kilogram of ross, so after one to 2 months, the so forms will start to build their cocoons, the coon waiving containing days and during this time the cell form produces one continuous strand of cells that wrap the self inside of which when unraveled can be stretched out to be 3 fourths of a mile long. This process will take between 3 to 8 days in which the cell 4 rotates his body in a bigger right movement around 300000 times. It takes about 5000. 00 so wants to produce one kilogram of ross so or about 3000. 00 coons to produce only one yard of fabric. After the coons are collected, theyre boiled in water to kill the cell for the coon is then on wound in a process known as reeling, which can be done by hand or by machine. These individual strands of fiber optics, freely spin and fragile, so they need to be wild together with other fibers to increase the tensile spring. The resulting product is ross, so which is then made into skins before being made into yard or fabric. The raw silk is graded into 11 categories from 6 a through f. The grading takes into account factors like size, deviation, cleanliness, neatness tends the city a long ation and any defects. The 6 a is the highest possible grade unless the one percent of chinese raw silk is graded. At this level, france, italy and japan have developed reputations for making the finest so tech styles that commands the highest prices because of all the work and manual labor that goes into making it. So fabrics can cost over a 100. 00 a yard before theyre even made into anything at heritage mills in europe and asia. The fabric itself can go for more than 300. 00 a yard. High quality salt has an instantly recognizable bloss, an extremely less stress and smooth without feeling overly slick. It naturally circulates air for a cooling effect, but can also help insulate the heat coming off of the body. But there is a country that will surprise you as one of the main leaders, and so its production and that is in the american continent. With this in mind, lets bring in joe out there do chair of the valet they said a institute. Now it takes us by surprise that brazil is a self producer, even though it is not a per zillion tradition. What makes brazilian so a high quality product. But uh well its uh, the way it does to if is producing here. We produce choking brazil using the technology and what, what is the most up to date . Its technology that has been developed in japan in the last uh, i can say 70 years. And we have in brazil a good climate. And we, we, our farmers have learned with only with the conditions how to do and how to produce choke. And they have no, uh, ocean knowledge. Uh, lets say they have not learned with the, with grandparents with their. And since they have learned with the conditions and the kind of uh, the quality of the super warm that is being developed for them is the highest quality possible and is the, the super warm that the says, treatable to produce a high quality su, with good resistance and the end, the strength of the strength and the foundation aspects. So we havent here, good climate, and the kind of people and a company that is, that is now in the market as the company that produces the best tool can the world and how the International Sales price is fluctuate. And what are some of the Drivers Behind these fluctuations . Yes, uh yeah. The who uh, the seller is uh, connect to this link and what the consumption of uh, luxury items outside of china and outside area. Uh, if you get to the chinese uh, seal production and indian super that should it will take about 96 percent of seal produced in the world. So what makes a surprise fluctuate is the, the market uh for a high value items made was made up. So in your, in United States and also the economy in the china and the economy in india. Uh, the competition uh that the silk city culture, the production of cool uh, can face with all the kind of a, the expectation in the they never go through a field. So these are the main aspects that makes uh, so price by place demand and competition with all the vehicle through items. And what are some of the key challenges faced by the silk industry in terms of Cost Management and maintaining competitive pricing . The challenges faced by c o is that uh, in order to add value to the product. So made with Synthetic Fibers that has been uh, one uh kind of benchmarking with silk. So fully as to uh, they used to compare in the past, they used to compare the likeness of the party as to the brightness of the bully, esther fabric, with the lightness and the brightness of and this most, most of the silk fabric. This was in the beginning, i say, in the seventys, in the eightys, in the last century. And today as a likeness and shyness is not the the main importance. Uh, consumers are interested in the sustainability. What the weight of the tenant soup is facing is that in order to, to get advantage to get market share or to take advantage of the silk. These Synthetic Fibers are spreading the idea that they that cool. Yeah, stuff is more sustainable then soak and uh that is uh, this is uh, absolutely not true, but it is uh that it has been created some kind of metrics. Uh, that can see theres only a few items and can see there are a few items that in which for us to get a better performance than silk. So we can say thats the biggest challenge of silk is facing. Now is that so is sustainable as a fashion would like to be one day. But nowadays, silk is a very, very small uh, either street silk is only 0 point one percent of the fiber and then a 5 to produce. And so one kilo of each 1000. 00 kilos the soak, so we have no power at least brad, the idea that steel case sustainability seal can only be produced. That is where you have a low bear leaves for this without any kind of put side. And so on, its only mote for ash mole bear leaves. And if you dont have fractional values, free of this size, you will. It is not possible to produce joke, but few people knows it. And a lot of people is at least sending a lot of untruth message about the sustainability of Synthetic Fibers and sustainability of so these are the Biggest Challenges of to date and how the advancements and technology and Manufacturing Processes impact the cost a sofa production. Yeah, it directly see ok. So very it uses a lot of manpower. So if you need to in brazil we will have one farmer can deal with one actor of silk about the 2 acres i believe. And the one farmer deals with it. And in china, you will have a voltage thats a number of farmers in china. Maybe 7 farmers will deal with one a one actor. And any of the 6 farmers will deal with an actor. So when, what, whenever you make it easier to cut mulberry and to bring mulberry to the shed and the to the shed where the so far im or as uh i raise it whatever it will make it easier to make it. And with technology you, you will have a better youd, you will have a better position to continue the production. And that once you have also a genetic improvement in the, in the field of o c, warm producing. So it is a technology and makes it easy for farmers to cultivate the mulberry fields, to custom. Oh barry leaves and to bring them over or leaves too far from the shed and then to clean the shed. And then also to harvest the cook home from the of the frames. Bifocal is i produced a seal because produce it when uh the super arms uh its uh they fall 25. 00 days they each mobar leads and studies they produced. A cool walkable comb is only one filament with one. Uh, 1200 meters long. Theres one quick home. You have one filament on it and the end to produce the silk. You have to unreal this, uh, this very, a theme, a filament without breaking it. So what makes 6 most is that cool is related without breaking these very themes, a filament. And this is a farmer. So farmer is a feeding to. So for im for 25. 00 days after the said 25. 00 days, they call them the simple im start producing decal cold. And in this process, whatever you use the technology to makes things easier. It will have your, facilitates the life of the flowers and who makes the farmers to produce a bigger quantity and not to increase production. Thank you so much. All there do, but please stick around. Joe, albert do will stay with us right here after the break. And when we come back, well explore why india is the 2nd largest producer a. So in the world, making it an important source of employment, the as soon as 2060 numerous monuments, the soviet soldiers in poland, ukraine and the Baltic States have been destroyed or vandalized fish their stuff, but it must pharmacies with the within. Yeah. Unless or even some others could ask if im in the field thats the most on whether its expressed or almost 3 of the Police Government denies the rule of soviet. So just in the victory of a non system, and is it raising historical memories of world war 2 . Is the 40 piece from your store. Although it did seem to not see regimes, the trustees would remain things in peoples consciousness forever. But as long as russell phobia is profitable and brings dividends, you are willing to have a to rewrite the cost to, to take up the ill provide i need to see because to talk. So i need to study at the look forward to talking to you all that technology should work for people. A robot must obey the orders given by human beings, except were so shorter is that conflict with the 1st law show alignment of the patient. We should be very careful about visual intelligence. The point obviously, is to create a trust rather than fit the job mean with an artificial intelligence. We have so many with the in the a robot must protect this phone. Existence was on the existing or the india is the 2nd largest producer, a. So in the world, in an industry that employs about 9700000. 00 people in the world and semi urban areas. This industry is one of the Largest Foreign Exchange earners for the country. India produce has 4 types of natural stokes mulberry, ery plus. Theyre a new guy which is then made into so garments, fabrics, yards carpets. Charles scars cushions covers accessories and more. In 2022, india produced 34903 metric tons of silk. And the share of mulberry production is the largest among other types of cells produced at 74 percent. This is followed by ery, at 21 percent, plus our of 4. 2 percent. And you go, which makes us less than point 75 percent of indias total. So production in 2022 indias exports us so and sos products were valued at 248000000. 00, which is an increase of over 25 percent over the previous year. Unlike seasonal crops for me. So forms can be done all year round and can be harvested as many as 5. 00 to 6. 00 times a year. This industry has low Capital Requirements and plays an Important Role in providing employment to millions, enrolled parts of india and putting the country on a path of economic progress. Tyronica is the leading producer of silk and india, producing an average of 8200. 00 metric tons of salt every year. The self also had which cultural significance in india, it has been the evergreen fabric for generations or any function or which one indian tradition and household from weddings to projects. Soak a tire like a sorry or land is considered us vicious and cure for traditional celebrations and highly valued. The silkworms performed the best and the temperature range of 25. 00 to 27. 00 degrees celsius and humidity of 75 to 85 percent. Generally, a temperature range of a maximum of 33. 00 degrees is considered suitable for so form rearing. Beyond this range, mortality as a new got increases deforestation, and rapid proliferation. A small p growers in upper a som, has led to the shrinkage of traditional new go plantation. So the impact of global warming, coupled with Climate Change on the growth of the industry, cannot be ignored. Now we take a closer look at the difference between india and other countries in asia when it comes to the techniques used for high quality. So production and for this and more, lets bring in again and joe out there do chair of the valet they said the institute. Now can you discuss any unique or traditional techniques used in india for producing high quality so that may contribute to the costs and quality differentials . Yeah, the 2nd, the 2nd is technics that are used in brazil. Is this one that uh uh, the development of the hybrid of the civil war is the development and the use of a kind of a hybrid of a super mom is the secret of a high quality seal. So what happens is the one, the super on that keeps the best to the best. So in terms of young production or is not as strong as a suit for him that the produce is not so good quality of the suit. So whenever you have one integrated condition, well, farmer will be paid for the additional labor he will have while dealing with a more dedicated to war. And the way it will do to make the company the Reading Company to produce a Higher Quality and a to enable the Reading Company to pay a little bit more for this former. So the integration between farmers and the soup really is a secret ad to produce the best quality. So if farmers goes to the market to buy a hybrid, they want to buy the kind of the race of the suit for them. They want the race that is better for them is a race that theres a very strong so warm that eats the leaves that may be most as fresh as not so fresh. And maybe he will not suffer with the High Temperature at. But the quality of the piece, the filament, is filament. The quality was not to so big ease and, but pharma will buy on the market, the sky and all that. And it will sell the cooling demarcus and. Busy governance over the market price. But when you have the governance of a kind of integration, when you have the partnership govern. Government has made by partnership where the Company Offers and gives out or indicates the, the kind of hybrid to the farmer. And the farmer. Knowing that the farmer will have more will have to take care about the cleaners of the shed will have to take care about the freshness of the demo. Bear leaves, palmer will have to wake up at 6 am in the morning and to go to cut the leaves for the day and put it in the warehouse so that they remain fresh all over the day. And. Busy it is a little bit more they to work more than the then the, the farmer that works with a very strong as to guam. That can cause to go there and the at 3 pm and cuts the leaves and keep the leaves to the. So for him and he will eat it with that with no problem. A very dedicated so warm with the the that produces a high quality russell that will not eat hot mulberry needs. Hes very he, if he eats, maybe it was i. So the integration is the key, is the key for improvements of the quality and the, the, the income of the farmers, and use the key to improve the quality and income of the silk really about the soup filter. And now what are some like the differences in the production method, supply chain, or labor costs between self production and india, and so production in non asian regions. Yeah, it is. Uh, in the i can, we can so i can tell you about what is the there, there is no big difference between uh these uh, the labor the uh, labor costing uh, in china or in india or even in brazil in terms of the city culture. Because farmers, they work for themselves in brazil, they are integrated then they work in the way. I have explained it as the best way to, to work and they receive the best quality of uh, hybrids help support them and they take out all the and the flu and they, they will return it to the company and the company will produce the best quality of russell at, but in the, in china and in india, whenever you have these kind of integration of pharma, well choose those phase more. And then there will be no that in the there is no big difference between uh, seen the labor costs for them. If they will, they will get more or less the same price. And there is some difference between the purchasing power of the call in each, in each country. And it is related with the market price more than any other things. But there is no significant, significant difference in this in this, in this case because of farmers, they are not the employees. They are self employed. Yeah. They are in the market. Thank you so much, jo. Alberta, do for all your time today. While the silk industry has provided jobs for hundreds of thousands of people who work along the supply chain, the losers or the so forms were killed after weaving the silica coons every cycle, roughly 3000, so forms are killed to make a single pound the silk. Theyre usually boiled alive while theyre still inside in order to preserve the material quality, thread, length, and value. Because otherwise, they would chew their way out of their cocoon, when they become an adult. And rake the thread. An ethical alternative to conventional cells has a merge called fema. So this is made by allowing so forms to complete their metamorphosis into moss. Before harvesting. Farmers make little cuts at certain positions of like a coon that allows fill forms to hatch or maintain the precious filaments. At the same time, the coons are collected as a residual product and boiled afterwards. These silks typically lead to 10 extra days in the process to allow the cell forms to grow and hatch was some additional steps in labor. This compared to traditional so farming, which would usually only take 15 minutes for the same process. And while the salt industry also generates a lot of waste in the form of twist is so rough, so on real ways to cook coons in other organic ways from plantations. Waste products are found to have remarkable qualities for use in various industries, Like Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. A 5 bro, in in the silk thread with anti bacterial properties, is used for tumor treatment wound haley and college and re generation. It is now also used in anti aging and anti wrinkle pains, and ointments. So it is encouraging that the suck industry has taken steps to make production less wasteful and sustainable. Im christy. I thanks for watching. And well see you right back here next time on the cost of everything. The im a film director, ive written many scripts during my career, but i thought really curious, cutting neural networks, collaborate with a human to make a documentary film the brain. Youre set up for much. Im not sure about this because i have of cher comergence, this human more than so it was more list, you know, theres what i dont know, but i would feel with a school as soon as you let know sofa was like do you feel i used to play scramble with you positive, which look a lot. Finally, probably for you looking for is a live is a sort of by the way we havent introduced ourselves. I have the strangest feeling. Weve met somewhere before the. It started in 1983 with my father on a young man, a site thats all exactly the same as a kid does. When he goes out in the lake and the communities cushion for a parent. This with iran, real families and calendars for a really long time. My mom was pregnant with me still long winding and i grew up on long land. Ive been having this issue since probably 1970. Its my 1st year that i seriously pointed to the explainable biomass is near historical levels. Growth rate have dropped falling when its done in its worst form, has a leveling effect, and it has a tendency to really just sort of strip away everything thats there. The wave fisheries are changing. Its the way our country is cindy. Its increasingly hard for Small Businesses to make it abundant. Stocks are important. I mean, who wants to fish the last bit . The message i would leave to you is the importance of not giving up the importance of working together and also the importance of taking care of your corner of the ocean. The the, the headlines on off the International Divisions deep or an over need chair as echo was activated some military forces while the African Union is against intervention. New jerry and his themselves hope that dialogue will prevail. However they do say theyre ready to fight back. We expect actor wants to come to his senses because their current approach is an antique people approach, since they simply want to intervene militarily in order to satisfy france, the germans. Ill send it back in the mid to leadership. Weve been told shifts for many years, but now were liberated and wont go back. It just keeps on growing just days before the unable brick summit. Morocco suddenly becomes the 23rd country to apply to enter that