A roughly 42 percent extreme poverty rate. That some 10000000 people in new share out of about 28000000, who go hungry regularly, who have no access to sanitation schools and so forth. This, after approximately 40 years, a french colonization through much of the 20th century, and currently serving as a drone base for us out for com. Now, with almost no results for an improvement in the standard of living, it would appear the military coup in new share is backed by popular civilian support. So joining us now to break down the history of new share and this region, and just how we got to this situation, that is coffee co, a cool coffee is an African Affairs analyst. Formerly of the world bank, he is now a senior fellow at the center for africa, china studies at the university of johannesburg. Thank you so much for joining us. Coffee. First, lets go back to late july. The new jerry and president ial guard lead by brigadier general. I do wrong on to shani and colonel major. Im gonna do, im durham on letter code over throw over, throw a president mohammed presume. First for the viewers walk us through that cool. And just who these military leaders are behind the school . Well, and we see that quite tips coverage be and this time especially this year is always good to get a sense of history. But i want to border your audience with that long if you want context. But what is important is that in these years of country, that seeds so many course is the 1st president of the jury sixties that lead the country where it is to be. And by and large, strong man and Strong Military as rule a rule that the ship. And so what happened was, late july was the symptomatic nature of such a projects. So when the cool lead is to over now the main one of course, the general gen a was and hes still not that hes a president , but he was the head of the president ial court. And then of course, coming next on these uh, east partners. And this is where the there will this be really played along with the president for many, many years. And i think by and large they havent been happy with 2 things as they they have announced themselves. See, the 1st one is the sense that of the partnership and not least the governing the elements of the president was the post. What i mean by so didnt deal with 1st decisively against or is in the share. The 2nd was that so read t j was not really in the hands of jerry, and i must say theres a slight difference between the share on jerry and jerry. Were here and many people are saying niger, its really not right because it doesnt make the difference with nigeria or hide jones, and this is whats have and so these 2 know officers are now running the country. They are now Still Holding the president more bustle and keeping it with hostage. Now, as youre just alluded to earlier and is there is no stranger to qu attempts theyve had at least 6 crews since 1974. The most recent one before this was in 2021, but not have received the same Media Coverage as this latest cool. Why do you suppose that is, was very, very important because the context within which we are to be as a very powerful jewel political, if you want to handle. And thats one of the reasons. And it does because external pounds specially friends in the United States on board ship because there be there, they have huge interest. France used to be the 4, call it the colonizer yet, many of i still believe that the judge still coolant nice by french, france anyway, because theyve been there for so long since the name of a 100 years. And then french so. So use is a natural resources, are you sure . Especially you ran your, your and, and you probably your, hes probably knows that the shares the 7th producer, if youre a new world, i think the produce about 2000 times. Ready and so, and rush, i think produces 2005 on this is big. So the ship being one of those huge Resource Areas and the resources of this uranium is being used by french to power. Its as energy in france, of course. So. So its industry, there is a, provide me with tricity to citizen. I mean, the power that goes to the iphone towels is extraordinary. Theyre coming from most of the Saint Nicholas central powers of friends, fuel by the germans uh uranium. What is also paradoxical inside is that, well, you know, frances power and use i 4000 cities with the sherry and energy fuel. Youre a new the people in j. F. s, arizona, tricity. And this is a side part that which is really in the space of france. Now, the 2nd part is america. America also is not established. But before i go to america, its also important to just signal that frances about age military base is strong over the sheer to control the resources, but also control of ours. And so become in the mean for the United States, the United States as may. Yeah, its very important basis officially to fight or isnt. And in a executors of counter terrace strategy to offer bases of drawing barrels or more than 1100. 00 troops. They have a huge bases. And of course, those bases really give strength to the government. Thats in power. Just been the post of the advisor. And that is exactly what is made the school as important as not more important than the other ones in the beach because of the presence of friends in especially the United States. All right, so lets explore the french influence there. On the anti french sentiment appears to be shared by neighboring countries as well, like burkina, faso and molly, who have since joined this cause i new military coalition with new share. France is one of the largest purchasers of uranium from the share. But the military who has already announced that they would hold all sales to the french. So 1st, how is news youre going to make up for the loss of sales of uranium to france, and are there potential clients others who want to buy this . And secondly, who, how will france respond . I mean, is this to move by new share enough to actually warrant an actual military intervention . It is most likely, i mean, the new jersey in the military is not as strong as friends. Say, its a very small military. And you definitely have all the strength, but what they have is the strength is now the new focus and then the light thats on a chair which means it small as a moral ground, standing in power, then any military force. First of all, the jerry and little struggle with big to get a bite. Its not easy. We know, for example, that south korea, thats by some of the, the uranium that the russians, but also surprisingly interesting to Chinese Companies are involved in buying some of is uh, some of the brand new. So the other one is that the french still is going to be difficult for the gerry and government to really stop complete this sale because they just dont control the mind. Thats one thing. So it is very important to say that. So the french will be very unhappy to see that going, so they will react and though react very bad is because theyre not happy with the supply. Its randy and be cut off. And then being used as a leverage to really threatening and that will sort of react as a new, a colonial power to assured that, in fact, the United States is right behind french because uranium is such an important material for Nuclear Energy that can also lead because it may have to use for civilian use for tricity and borrowing manufacturing plants and so forth, but also full bombs and atomic bombs. And that is a concern large so you say 90 states in french, but most most important. And finally, there will be a reaction from french in the United States and perhaps they may not be as visible, but they could be by a process of the rebels. So jad is sort practice. So as you already touched upon the, the west has this well known jerome base that they rent out of new share. They have around 1100. 00 us military troops there. They say to help combat terrorism inside the country. What has been the us view or response . So far of this to just be the one to in new year to they actually posed a threat to us or American Interest in the region as well. The 1st thing were hearing already, we know very quickly and early on, secretary density blinking is issued a very measured statement. First of all, congratulating the Economic Community a force african state for the strong stands against that in Constitutional Orders, in new jersey. This one came up very quickly so they need in the us is playing is softer, sort of behind the scenes role to try to find a peaceful solution. But also attempting to call hers that utah to release the prison by the by zoom. But also at the same time, tell them, look, youve got to get to act together because were not quite happy with that kind of thing that youve done with the who did tops. I think thats one thing. But most importantly, what the us is also trying to do is a short, its power softly and sort of having a, a to, you know, a stick carrot and stick approach to the, the, the holds up. And if they dont play ball days more likely that the us mine and i sitting in my like proxy intervene military approach. So you contribute the probably gonna encourage that for us to find a way to intervene one way or another. However, the best Case Scenario is for the us and friends literally instead of engaging in military confrontation, which has been a us stable across the world, is to have now considered a peaceful solution. Or dial was a new job. But were still waiting to see if thats going to be possible because the west is not as patient as other nations, like china or russia in terms of negotiation. And this is the fee for the people in the region. And of course, after all right, coming up next, why are so many civilians in the share way, leaving the russian flags. Well discuss it when we return with coca cola. Whos to type the m o will be right back the the take a fresh look around. Theres a life kaleidoscopic, isnt just a shifted reality distortion by power to division with no real opinions. Fixtures designed to simplify will confuse who really wants a better wills. And is it just because it shows you few fractured images presented to this . But can you see through their illusions, going underground . Can the rushing states never as tight as on the phone in the most sense giving you the best sense of the speed . What else calls question about this . Even though we will fan in the european union, the kremlin mission, the state on the rush of funding and supports the r t supposed neg keeping our video agency roughly all the band on youtube tv services. For what question did you say from stephen twist, which is the because they already, gosh, they cps because they cut the scroll. So i did that and then use their email here, which is great if in to the urls the non c theory of racial superiority finished style for years of creating an ssl all the place and 14 concentration comes. So the full prisoner of war, labor comes 10 prisons really well, you know, think shes the media you can use. So im assuming you need even the, the chest is really to get all the fields. Im assuming peoples going to be approximately 25000 people went through the occupied of go and finish camps according to official figures. These move stuff suddenly level if the shift did utility and i give you an idea, im not sure its just the size of the stuff. So Young Congress that i mean, you know what the and disease forced labor to which you have by the warden slip of meals. What was the last it also need you to do was to take it to you that, that its the tivo moves. You might off with those who put in his name, push these things up to give you what you want to do it because he doesnt do those thousands of test a massive crimes and the impunity of criminals. So when you look on here, you know, wanted to do this because 90 and the did i tell you . Yeah, for the good i see it are released upon me. They decided to do it. You got to do, please dont let the she can just you because the potatoes being yes, i was looked at the word along the the welcome back to the m o i manila chance you may have missed it. If youre watching the us Mainstream Media, they deliberately cut out that crowd footage when showing you the civilians of new share outside of the president ial palace supporting the military junta, but spotted throughout those rallies russian flags. Whats up with that . The best with us to explain African Affairs analyst cofi cool, cool. So coffee, since this cool, the main stream media has at times averted showing the presence of russian flags at the large rallies in support of the hunter. But in reality, the russian flag is being waved a lot there. And when they do show the flags, its done cynically. What kind of support has russia actually provided to new share to warrant this kind of flag waving . I mean, is there any support or is the sort of an attempt to discredit the coo and their motives . I mean, it appears. This is a, a populace to wire the caring russian flags. This is a, one of the most important fact i have written this small piece and the nature of the symbol of russian flux. And i forgot to do is sort of being used by many africans, at least those were very unhappy with whats happening with the colonial masters, especially french, to use russian flag is what i would go stick to. But what is more important that we need to understand to be is that there is no and out raising the populations across this i have. Uh, were now being conscious menus and learning awards and see whats happening around the world to social media. And in fact, the role of social media and the internet is really extraordinary, of profound awakening. But most of these people about their own flight going thing, go and victories by former colonial powers, like france is now pushed in on board and seeing what theyve seen already in the Central African republic. Also in bowie. And looking at fossil d, theyre now coming out in this burst of sort of protests, but also anger is also forcing the military to take advantage of it. In this world, we know fully at least many of us were analyzing this cool sort of way they, it militarily, a citizen revolt or citizen revolt led by the military as a new dynamic thats now flushing out across the region. And let me come back to something that you mentioned, the idea for a sort of n type french sentence. Its really not true if you look at it pretty well. You know, the french language culturally is dominant. It is use as an official language for many of these former uh french qualities for good deed was synagogue ali anomaly is just decide and refuse to use it as a individual language, i think for campuses also consider right. So after kids, if theres not many of the unhappy with the french Government Policies continues, oppression continues, exploitation continues, use of french power to maintain africans and property in quality. And then of course, having a means of they own that continues to appraise the applicants and this is where we are. And so the Economic Community of west african states, this one being won by jerry a, theyve threatened to militarily, intervene in to new share. Some of those Member States of eco wash, so they have joined into a sort of military alliance with new jersey co leaders. So could we actually witness a large scale war in west africa or so how . Because the eco was, doesnt seem really unified on this situation. Yes indeed you so right, i mean the course is fragmented. Many of the members are not in agreement. And theres a great deal of a now suspicion that vehicle was features of part of france in the United States, forcing a sort of new mandatory was threatening that shared june top to really develop and then uh, you know, retail establish which. So if you want can since cold, Constitutional Order democratic institutional order. Now the fragmentation of a cost is understandable because many of the african countries disagree with the economic sanctions. Any of them wants the want, say publicly by private, theyre seeing the cost is sanctions, economic sanctions against molly. Having worked the facts 2 weeks ago, they had to really cancel the speaking on it. Sandra and asked molly to join back. Natalie said no, we are to just see that. We think, well, yeah, were fine. So the borders of malia opened now, but you know, fast so so. So use the, the Lessons Learned for money to continuously push its own agenda out of liberation. Now the gen, the judge, utahs also went from inside a couple of days ago where the invoice update june tech from the shit was in raleigh. And theyre not building a coalition. They may not be Strong Military, but i think they have more of a pain. In the support of a large group of african seriously, i think the best of the Mainstream Media in there with countries are not showing the uprising to take place before the very week. Theyre not happy and inside. Thats one reason they keep showing russian flag because they think and believe that the only nation to be that can stand up to the, which is mainly russia, china, maybe economically. But its very rare. It may not happen that china, china will sort of come militarily to support africans. Only rush on like using perhaps that and i think this is where it cost is also seen as a weak link. That goes april. West hasnt been able, beside what theyve done in liberia and sierra leone. We havent been able to do anything else. And of course, it just seen anything. I mean, the community uh, organization, or west african state. Its not a military organization. So be difficult to see how you know, they will be able to, uh, when the war against the ship doesnt mean that its not supported by molly and cannot 5. So you need. And now we also hear that julia is also playing a supportive role to the share in utah. Now there are reports of algerian top officials flying in to moscow recently, and it looks like they could supply weapons to new share. Do you have any insight on that . The, because remember, the russia, africa summits and the 20, i think 27 to 28th of july last month is a very important guthrie. In fact, the official nature of what happened. I also hides the new russians engagement in africa, and i think the russian wants to double if not triple the engagement. Impressive questioning, because there is, if theres a few debt thats left by the western powers that russia might steal, that also china and by feel. So the real guy, joe, in a jury is when its a very large bracket of russia. Not just solely diplomatic jo. Originally, but also in terms of uh, military uh, partnership, but sofa, i think a, your engine will be very careful to provide military assistance. And yeah, because they dont want to have a war. And richard, remember these j as a border, very long puerto rico jerry up and any war they will be disastrous for the site or region. So everybody is looking at a, perhaps the best Case Scenario, which is finding please. Uh, but we know that piece is not easy to find specially where the United States is behind most of these things. So these are very big concern to buy a worst Case Scenario for a fight with many of us a whole. So that will find a peaceful solution to finish it for us. And what of the report a pipeline project that would be running from nigeria into the mediterranean, that would go through new share. And algeria, what sort of Economic Impact might that have on the region . Another pipeline that to be built between tonight, julio in morocco, this one is about oil and gas, specifically and, and nick jr. And brock would be having these extraordinary relationship. Which many of us weve been working diligently for rocco and the other place, the staff or categories it will be creating a great deal of trade between more operating julia, but also the pipeline between algeria and the ship and the idea or the ships if it takes place there will be a trojan or because both countries also old is a resources such as oil and gas. It also they have some will they have some ram in arrows . That will, they will help to good luck this region for one other reason. This region, as we do is that theyve been developed over exploded and the poverty theyre being manufactured by external hours. And thats why the reason people are now hopeful that the decline of french power was also the decline, if not the small there much less a control of being 9 states in the west. And that region will help these regions really blossom much, much better than they had so much to unpack here, i wish we had more time. Thank you so much. Kofi, kofi clark, who is an African Affairs analyst, formerly of the world bank. He is now a senior fellow at the center for africa, china studies at the university of johannesburg. Thank you so much, my friend. All right, that is going to do it for this episode of modus operandi. The show that dig deep into Foreign Policy and Current Affairs on your host manila chan. Thank you for 2. And again, well see you again next time to figure out the m. O the the as the cranes much over 5 to counter offensive stalls. Western leaders have made a remarkable rhetorical tippett. Mine says print and has already lost the board. The secretary of state lincoln says russia has lost their narrative because a form of pseudo reality because making the claim ukraine is wendy, is untenable. Since 2060 numerous monuments to soviet soldiers and potent ukraine and the Baltic States have been destroyed all vandalized fish. Theres the body of us pharmacy to be the within. Yeah, im not sure or even ask if im in the field thats the most on whether its its special or just bring in the Police Government denies the rule of soviet soldiers in the victory of a non citizen. And is it raising historical memories of world war 2 . Because the 40 piece from yesterday, although it did seem the non c regimes, the trustees would remain, thinks in peoples consciousness forever. But as long as russell phobia is profitable and brings dividends, you are willing to have a to rewrite the cost. Yes, those clips here, most of the ill provides for the stadium upstairs and i need the seats in the car to talk. So i need october 30th i feel the spelling need us to looking through the journey of developing an identity, a national identity. There is a, you know, we talked earlier about the vibrancy and the dynamics of the media. All sorts of use and narratives have a chance to, to face and come to the floor. Also has a downside in that. Everything is up for debate. Nothing is agreed on the the, the 3 years to government is open to dialogue with equal loss, as it takes to resolve a stand off with the blocks and put it in to escalating tensions in the region. And the n r t crew gets exclusive access to the front lines of the load off for public for furious battles are under way a 1st hand report from the ground coming up in a few minutes. Rush us up as the Security Service on covers a 5 networks of the Spanish Intelligence Agency aimed at