Other one striking combination. Rather than reading it theyre all up and down the story about this and. I know that the bull came of the press. Just weeks before paul and i construct you aras you know yourself like i do at harbinger of do. I hope im not a harbinger of doom i havent thought of that if i think its a pretty certain the incident is it is absolutely and as a result of my own life has also been somewhat like everyone elses of course and by saying that if you laugh was offended me not. Mad at me while researching your last book easily your talents would be back to where all the wires and all that you they fully recovered from that but how was it was it not only being there but actually experiencing it. Why dont you recommend experiencing the disease itself that isnt my favorite memory of this period i will say its been very interesting and instructive to be here to understand the Different Countries experience and disease in different ways and to know the extraordinary measure of compliance thats been a shrinking feature of the autonomy and experience from top to the own newspaper wrote a very amusing article in which it said this was the 1st time in 3000 years of the history of the city of rome that are italians ever going to be and. I think it does show something about the compliance here and the way that the message was very coherent and very clear and i think i am not sure whether the same can be said about the United States its also has at the time its. But perhaps even the lawyer might tell it to your particular age i know its a stupid question that still if you had it sure as. All that they said would you prefer italy or the united. Actually i. Have to tell you i think i would prefer to be right where i am. I believe the american response to cozen 19 has been incoherent to put it mildly now a little more about me. A little bit is he story because for most people there is something it isnt scary about the damage because there is so large and scary. But the point you make in your book is the very predictable that actually still be logical he says that he has prepared for that i say that we have sincerely brought her to thank you. Im not putting youd always like dodges to a brought it on ourselves but we have created the preconditions for it and then we did not actually respond to the warnings that were given repeatedly for order of a century in order to deal with it so in that sense it was a chronicle of a pandemic foretold we did not respond in any coherent and constructive way to all of those warnings from avian flu sars old mers and now we have coded 19 i know there have been many warnings and you know others can get it done. With them but since we didnt know anything about the origin how would they have been better prepared. Right i think 1st thing is what a doctor tadros. Is. In order to be just really prepared in a global world in which what happens in jakarta in the morning will happen in rome in moscow and new york city by the evening in the us we really need a strong commitment to an international organisation. And move resources a strong World Health Organisation was an important feature we also need for everyone on the planet should be have access to health care you know they have their welfare it is a safe lead by the hazards that you mention. And so that in the best possible way to either because of the advice given has been very good as it is very very sick was very critical. Time for us and they were very very isnt really we as the will. That this will appear. I think that we as a Global Community werent prepared im not here to give a brief to defend everything the World Health Organization jitters it made many mistakes i agree entirely we mustnt throw out the idea of oh well funded a well organized properly led and supported our organization is something thats so important our of our survival kit as a species and so i make a distinction everywhere goes ation makes mistakes the w. H. O. Made some very big mistakes but we cannot really expect to confront. Without a Strong International organization that you have very thin about may very well done next. Just that the disease is. Almost out alone personality when i think about it 19 it strikes me as a very mediocre virus which one have made such a name for it if it werent for globalization am i wrong i think your runt. Would not have actually arisen without what weve done to encourage spillover between species and human beings to our repay schuester struction of the environment and particularly deforestation which brought into more and more contact with human beings so theres. And it required our large global population to require massive air transportation of people all around the globe enormous speed and it required dense population in cities that are very crowded together or disease spread through the air can be readily transmitted now given how in pastoral call that Mental Health or rather the response has been is rb we understand that the role that played is this your are perhaps very large but i have to say that every year who really understand the bible study of history for example you suggest that the origin is all slavery that grandison or slavery as a stripper if it leaked in florida you know logic or our seeking a lot about that as the old wives and the russian racial divisions the United States. Believes in slavery are the consequences that. Any plane yes let me just take one of the very specific example of his fun and the arrival of Christopher Columbus when the aspiration of the spaniards was to soup. The native population of our walk says they were called to be slavery in the mines plantations unfortunately for the our white house columbus and his crew brought diseases that europeans experienced as childhood diseases and had a great immunity early immunity to them or as they are a wax this was virgin soil and they had never met or encountered these diseases and so the smallpox and measles were the 2 decimated the population from over a 1000000 in about a decade to just a few thousands didnt so it proved impossible to insulate the native population because it died away and therefore i think it began in 1512 the idea was to bring people who had a similar immune munity to some of these diseases and so they turned to the africans and so began the on from can slay trade and so we can say the turn of the awful for khan and the development of african slavery was enlarged for condition by differential immunity its actually mind boggling just a big about it that 5 years ago there was what is essentially is a big you know logically juvenile policy but why our getting. Them i have is that although i had there there were thousands he played out of our shared humanity and you need to return the other and they were solely denies humanity those people while these paradoxes ever rationalized i think that the 2 are actually irreconcilable and in fact it was true this was dealt with. It is found truly many of the slave states in the United States and other countries develop racial was medicine in which they claimed that people of different races were almost 2 different species they had diseases but many of them did not overrule or if they did their bodies were affected in different ways this was the origin even of the tuskegee so who was experiment was to demonstrate this truth even as late as the 19th thirtys and fortys and fiftys its its extraordinary but its the truth and now as youre also still. Microbes are instrumental not wholly in bringing about slavery but also at least classically saying it all the mass and be a slave rebellion anymore and they hate me as as the prime example because the african slaves. For their lives far have immunity as yellow you are mild is didnt have and what struck me the most about this whole story is that the leader of that very balance of the rates were also was very strategic about the way he always bratton eyes the military and waited for the yellow fever season started summer deep people really have such a good run biology and. 100 years ago that. I think that the battle is the most of this planet. Right there was not actually a modern understanding to sound live or to your dead how was he was very phone medical events he had worked in a hospital and he was also went to with traditional hello practices. And he knew the europeans you know this is well they regarded the caribbean as a white mans grew. And so it was well known to him that europeans outing when they 1st came to the caribbean or enormously vulnerable in the summer to yellow fever and that they died of it in great numbers and so he used his knowledge to not to fight anything but rule warfare until the summer came and then she used to draw the soldiers of the british into the interior and they became sick and died of yellow fever and monster numbers yes this was this accounted for his success because the. French commander actually wrote that 80 percent of his troops had died of yellow fever and the other 20 percent were recovering and in the capacity to be our weapons and so early on was forced to surrender and he gained an independent nation and with the end of slavery and eat well ah good for them that purpose is the we have to be the story of a great number of people that. Have International Memorial awards has extended its deadline for submissions. All media professionals are eligible whether you are a freelance journalist work for alternative media poll or a part of a global News Platform you can submit to your published works in the video hall format go toward doughty dot com and at n l. The simple things workshops hymns and petersburg up public spaces where adults with learning disabilities can engage on equal terms with. Creative activities like graphics sewing ceramics. Cookery and joinery. Just. Do shit whats in your record. Just as what did you give one case a couple of. The underlying idea of the workshop is a calendar of us which they feel thrilled to find joy in the Little Things of. Welcome back to worlds apart bit ragged snow in the grass and there it is a. Yellow depressives of the op no. Doubt present there is no then earlier in the program we are the racial violence in the United States makes im sure it is pretty painful for you to observe as an american citizen but he has any relation to your study in other words the past 3 months isolation or joblessness who are some people to cross the line for peaceful rights has. More violent acts yes is the 1st answer but i think not going to norway that youre suggesting by your question the protests have mostly been peaceful is your 1st point i would like to know others 2nd is this disease is following a terrible true john kerry. Targeting the disadvantage because of the conditions. In which they live structured out way by our society and so covert 19 as disproportionately affected for can american hispanic americans and native americans at terrible rates much more a white population and the economically more advantage so these demonstrations the killing of george floyd came after months in which people have been experiencing this great disparity in their relationship with the disease and so this has been a long term part of american one and not surprisingly people were very very aware of this disparity and were angered by a and b. Are already in 899 on the grid is story and w. E. B. Dubois noted these disparities in health between africanamericans and the white population and he of the most extraordinary thing was not the disparity a civilized nation we tolerate such as for. I dunno didnt want to discount the economic disparities but i think its also very interesting and perhaps. Policy is once you go to for depression units because the mortality maybe hell be. Granted a robot from what i know is that they call it 90 that is so scary that they call a case of fires that have. Very different impact on various countries getting it actually such a good idea in. A uniform almost uniform policy. Response to politics. Actually i think when were talking at the moment of whats available in order to combat the disease may be different when we have therapies and a vaccine for example at the moment however there is only really one weapon and that is social distancing and doesnt vary whether youre in mumbai or in new york city the president now the national you know very well the president was a social distancing some of them a service most of them in fact hes pretty straight arent we to have the Major Economic social impact of the places i was answering with most agree that the low dollar high the side of our side because there are harder than others and i would assume neighborhoods in the United States and even in russia they are higher than the other states to what extent do you think economic. Considerations should figure in. Because we see from emergent size of the lower valleys. That eat me up all our imposing quantum state apprised of that made by different societies very different. You know youre youre absolutely right and i dont mean to say social distancing has to be a sound on policy and in fact if you impose nor miss long downs as has been done vigorously in india. Has to be a people one star. And so what is happened as im not trying to say to praise the policy of it im just saying that it was a stark reality they had to accompany with our programs to ensure that people would get food. And so one does have to tailor the nature of. The. Of social just insane hygiene it measures to the reality of the society in which they occur but the basic strategy of war hand washing if possible a social distancing are very important the only problem is it is very possible to be in a society where there is water for how and washing and where you live so many people told room and crown to crowded slum 10 thats a social distancing becomes very very difficult to crowd just think as a consequence even countries are reporting those measures and some countries its some difficult in the 3rd world and were seeing this balance upsurge in india and in want america and thats are of the result of. Now correct me if im wrong but it was china and the 1st try the old war and the rest of the world he pretty United States. I get it from your both that Something Like that may have been privatised during the place years. People didnt have military size more delicate schools most recently Public Health has been moving towards more discrete matters like hes finding unsafe i am wondering if. This new. Moral or immoral choosing supposedly choosing peoples lives over the economy is. Going to become permanent and isnt really such a progress when it comes to public. I think i would say that of Public Health is the number one priority i believe of a civilized nation and so. Doesnt if you do knowledge the economy to beyond a certain point youre also going to create problems of new problems of health and disease malnutrition hunger and so on and so i dont think those 2 things should be in opposition im not saying there shouldnt be a reopening an attempt to restart the economy im just saying has to be done in a very planned and careful way and not just going back to life as if coded 19 didnt exist but if you look at whats happening in your own country the people who are all over it 19 nobodys observance of being out there rallies or add riots would you be surprised if after all these street even wouldnt see any peace in the things i do expect that there will be a wave of covert 19 a result of the reopening and i believe that was in orange because the reopening was not done in a planned way and it was done before there had been a plotting of the curve as people say now and so yes i am pessimistic about what this will mean in terms of health in the United States. Who are really beginning late summer and into the fall now you made a very persuasive case in one of your recent interviews that the how the most Vulnerable People on the planet is a determining factor. For all of us all the 19 has demonstrated that he didnt. I dont think he is single. 1st that would mean that i realize ation is far more forceful and tackle than any and you know panic about values people act out of. Selfinterest far more probably that. Because of any moral imperative do you think the bill now is. Vast you Public Health. Insurance or Vulnerable People simply as as a result of so interest on the part of the beach or on the part of. I dont want to say that in any automatic sense and i think just very briefly i would say it depends on whether you mean short or long term short term i think absolutely not the Immediate Impact is to fracture all to break solidarity to undermine World Health Organisation to breaking out unity to break apart the European Union and lots of ways but i think nationalistic. Attempts to solve the problem and the instituto are tarty are going to fail because theyre dealing with physical reality and you cant bargain with nature and its nature that has delivered this message and so people will be no only in the long term are going to have to adjust the way they live and conduct business to take into account this new vitally important aspect of our life the need to assist with that 19 so i think some important changes in a positive direction are going to happen out of our self interest as a species we can survive without changing he also said that. This car on the bar is how has it really brought us to work and the roles that of us humanity have to make use rethinking lastly rather than by single prison its not that i disagree with you know that but i think one message that i didnt do last few weeks is that. Nobody ever attacked me or my families how bad the not. Eating very mostly whites eat and how much weve been very disciplined about sleep actually size and most drag. Me to preserve your metabolism and so you strengthen your immunity dont you think that its all id say that personal responsibility out. That aid that the governments of the world can devise. Im afraid i half agree with you i think individual initiative of the kind that youre taking is lot of all important and it has very important to fact this is good news to be encouraged indeed there needs to be more education for individuals and soundly is how they can protect their selves and the people they care for that is critical the only thing i would say is that its not possible for everyone there are all the advice as i was saying to wash your hands if you dont have water supply the advice to practice social distancing if you live in a moment by slum where there are 10 people sleeping in a room if you dont have access to education or to medical care then youre not able to do that if you cant decide when you feel ill youll stay home to stay home for work because youre found lee and you will starve if you do that so i think there are many many people not so well placed who cant take those measures on an individual basis and the whole point of health is to be sure that those or most vulnerable in our midst are cared for and not cannot be done by those people it needs to be done on a societal basis as well that this is not there we have to leave it there thank you very much 1st its been a great break. Through my pleasure as well thank you so much and thank you for watching hope to see you again next hour as well that part. Of our own to. Borrow. President Vladimir Putin in his own words tells us how he understands history and the Current International system also why everybody parent we face john bolton as he lost all the way to the bank. We go to work. Straight home from. A knife attack in a park which killed 3 in southern england is the clear and terror incident by police the sole suspect is reported to be a libyan Asylum Seeker also ahead. One person is killed in an overnight shooting in seattle no polies protest zone campaigners resisted officers as they arrived preventing them from reaching the victims plus this hour among our look at the weeks main news. Supporters are rallying behind a french nurse released from custody after a video over