Below and welcome to you so if you could visionaries me Sophie Shevardnadze well they say a leopard never changed which is very much true about humans so who is really in charge of my life me or my brain and are we one of the say well i talk about this with professor of neurobiology at the university. Of us are solved its really good to have you on our program so we have lots to discuss you say that any basic trait of a person or such a Sexual Identity predisposition to something is actually decided in mothers womb when you are 4 your brain is formed within the will a lot of other neuroscientists will argue with you because theyre saying what we are is our genes plus the upbringing but in your case youre saying its not nature versus nurture its just nature no i have never said ok and i think that the distinction between nature and science because from the very beginning its an interaction between the 2. So its nature into action this nurture but to not show the stars at the moment of conception so its the environment in the home is also very important its not only. After birth that you can influence. The nature. And that means that already in the bone. Structure of the brain is decided to some extent. Some functions are programmed for the rest of your life in the bone when you say to some extent as to what extent like if we have a percentage. Chance on the function so if you look through Sexual Orientation and gender identity 100 percent determine the level who really yeah. Language language is determined 400 percent. Of all. From home you are going in the environments that is shaping your brain for certain language if the chinese child has or has a baby here in the west then lets get some brain for language but all the things this. Depends on what function sure talking on par with the Sexual Orientation because i think a very important thing that youre pointing out a lot of people would say Sexual Orientation also depends on where you spend your heath or the that the teenage years like a lot of adult men that on men they said well what the boy school and thats how this thing happened others say yeah well were born this way but when youre say that its pretty term and in the wall what exactly happens in that brain when you know that youre straight or youre a or youre transgender in the future how does that determine how how do you know is the term yeah so its for. Well lets say homosexuality is for 50 percent determined by the genes and for 50 percent by the way that enough cells make contacts and skulls Self Organization and it also means that if you have to same genes because youre part of an identical twin then the one of the miss almost sexual showmance that yahoo will be homosexual is not homo percent its 80 percent. So it is an interaction between all the aspects that are important for Brain Development on the basis of the gene states cut from your parents and it doesnt mean that your parents should be homosexual in order to be called homosexual it can be that this is an ethic become force there it increases the chance that you were calm homosexuals but its not determining its 400 percent the rest is developed mental process in the wall so if its a genetic thing you know how right now we can test the embryos for whatever it is genetically whether its a disease or a predisposition so in that early states. Can you actually tell if your child is going to be homosexual dont you bring him up in a certain way no i only said this 50 percent genetic and it. Does not mean if you have to. You will be called homosexual so it all depends on what is happening from conception on with us and in addition its no fun gene so there are diseases like hunting to which you can determine the fetus because as. You can tell this child will the age of 35 at huntingtons but. Our Sexual Orientation this will determine. Its a whole complex of genes and that means that you cannot determine an interval. But lets say theres a genetic predisposition to homosexuality and then we dont know that as parents and the child is born and you will bring him up as a straight person. Does that make my child a happier person or less happy person because i didnt really follow what he was genetically programmed for because youre saying also in your book that you know if we follow our true nature which is like what our brain probed programmed us to be we would be much happier yes so how do we do that not even just for homosexuality but actually for anything else like using the programs to be a great pianist but then i decide to be a physician you know and then im not as happy if i knew all my life i wanted to be a dancer and my father said no and i know that i would be a happier person to my brain programmed me to be a dancer but how do you know that from the beginning there are children not yet thats why im asking you so many questions because i want them to know you have to so you still belief that you can still them in a certain direction i think what you should do is chill them the possibilities and see what they like to do and so they will they will tell you by interest what they really like and. Even like something they will be very good to me because they can put a lot of time and its not a you push your child into a certain direction and he will do it well if he does it it can be very unhappy and the same also of course for Sexual Orientation the idea that you can change from person from homosexual into heat or sexual is nonsense and there are still farms in the United States where people. Have to do deaths and they can stay depending on how much they pay for 6 weeks or 6 months and the only result this more suicides because you cannot change their Sexual Orientation from person. Is Something Like transgender when people want to change church ender. Also something that is predetermined in your mothers womb yeah and also for. Being mill or female feeling that you are male or female the 2nd identity is very. Determined before birth and its only because for a lot during Early Development the youngest. I saw was 2 years of age. Leave us convinced. He was born in the wrong body and now its a beautiful woman. And. Parents dont encourage people to to. Become transsexual its a disaster but for the families so they do anything you can imagine in order to stop it but if you cant change i think a big question here is because ive spoken to. Many people from america and were very split about whether their child should undergo the therapy of change in gender or not like for instance father says no mother says yes and then the child behaves very differently with father is a boy and then with mother because shes convinced that he should be a girl he behaves like a girl and im thinking a child psychic is so fragile you know like i wanted to be an elf when i was 5 but lake has changed yes youre right i are and said listen to me you know some how it was for me into an alpha dance also by we. Dont take any. First of all mesh before the age of 18 so here in the netherlands. Boy is convinced that he wants to change into unco its important that you dont to wait until 18 when he has grown. To meet us from big 4 and then try to make the text. So. We do here this postpone purity until us of a team and before that you can have female hormones. Yes. They can. Lift ass and go and have to hold nets for there this to them and then when theyre still convinced that its of 18 then they can be oprah so its not something to have every so thats something that america i think in some states they start this really early when kids are like 6 and 7 and 10 and i mean how can they possibly really know what they want to be at that age but on the other hand if a child knows its family its homeless there are very good movies from the netherlands about that also and they tell it in the Primary School is to the parents tell the whole class whats happening and then. They dont mind so the next Swimming Lesson they coerced the old to sex and then they accept it so you thing its about their environment and they from the very beginning youre saying its ok you can be whatever you are you want then its easier for children too. Actually choose the path they want to choose. So if you look to the results of. A sex change in the evidence there you can say that 98 percent of the people the 10 secs are happy ok thats a great that statistics. If you didnt look into the problems of the rest of the 2 percent then the problems are the parents the shops they lost be an environment of friends who call it so its the environment that kids to problems its not the fact that they decided to change sex of course you shoot exclude some people that have because of their indices sometimes the idea that they have to change sex so people who have schizophrenia for people who are from bipolar disorder they have pits in which they want to change sex. If disco sex crude you cannot expect problems professor so were going to take a short break right now when were back well continue talking to fessor diggs while the about is in charge of my life me or my brain stay with us. Most people think just stand out in this business you need to be the 1st one on top of the story or the person with the loudest voice of the biggest raid in truth to stand down the News Business you just need as the right questions and get the right answer. Question. The republicans have a reputation as knowing more about money than the democrats but the democrats are always very confusing and so Bernie Sanders is just out of a tradition hes talking about socialism which again is a its a its a model based on a comprehensive bald. Non existant theory about money. And were back with professor swap professor your book we are our brains implies that actually our personalities are defined by the structure of our brain what were talking about right now. How much of that can be changed when were poor and growing up for instance if i am pretty supposed to man yet depression from the very. Beginning you know my mothers womb can i reverse that completely with meditation really good psychotherapy i dont know exactly and become completely healthy and read of that tendency in me well theres no Scientific Evidence that you can influence manic depression or schizophrenia by. This type of environmental help so what is important is that you are not exposed to very stressful conditions because doing stress then the disease is becoming worse. But you cannot conceive of that this is what i told her peace ok lets lets not talk that extreme if im just prone to depression and im a melancholic person or im an angry person and im prone to anger. Can i change that in me completely. No. No you have the film ability and you keep the film ability so you kennels you cannot change its completely but you can do is know about the 2nd sense missed a few problems know about the stressful circumstances know about the personal circumstances if you accept problems and then better do you wish you film ability but you keep the film ability and thats also the reason that. People of this film the ability for depression but something in the environment is happening that makes most people angry or sad they just go into a depression and you can see the passion you can come out of the question if you keep the film a bit in next time its happening and so its comes back and that means that. Psychologists and psychiatrists should. Be most. And what they can accomplish they can help People Better to deal with it point to the point stay. When youre saying you know you should just realize what situations bring this vulnerability. In you and then sort of try to control it does that mean that only people with big intellect can control this phone or a belief 1st as john nash a lot of people would argue that you know he learned how to control his schizophrenia with his intellect towards the end of his life he didnt control it and if you see the movie Beautiful Mind yeah yes i think so he learnt how to deal with it so. The. Ellison ation still can and he could not make a distinction between nations and the ideas of the professional i. D. s because nations are also coming as if theyre coming from the outside world and theyre real. So here he looms how to deal with it and he is an exception in the sense that most. People. Are not capable of being intellectually so strong of course he is noble laureate but. Effects he is also showing that even if you have an i q you cannot present the obvious nations to come. But you can deal with them they are harmless to you know the things i mean that you schizophrenia stock will go away ok. You also wrote in your book that for instance a violinist has a bigger part of the brain which is responsible for his left fingers and you know thats the way hes born no ok it develops as we play the violin and so thats what i want to know. Its 1st the action and then the brain adjusts to the action or its the brain and then the action adjusts to where one is i think you should 1st have the talent to be calm and could file and player and then you should have a lot of practice and. If the changes in the brain that. Make you a top 5 list. So in the brain yes talent working with it in the brain yes and you can also see that children who. 56. They could be on a plane and they have a lot of pleasure in it and because it gives them pleasure they like to practice and because they practice a lot. More and more. Distance from the rest of the population they become better and better so its an interaction but you should have a basis for somebody who hates to play the piano and somebody who doesnt have to tell them well forget it well no but i know a lot of people who dont have the talent but they love it so much that they become better pianists and those who have talent well that i would like to see in Scientific Study you know i dont believe. Ok so. If we can actually. Figure out by a persons brain what kind of predispositions he has and youre saying we cant. Well i dont say that by studying the brain. We can do that by studying the behavior just behavior you know because theres no such thing because i was thinking before coming here professor tells me that theres this like scan where he can scan like a babys brain in a mothers womb and figure out if hes presupposed to be a murderer or a genius mathematician then you can really organize the society and its future and theres us thats not great not thats not dang got because there will be worse than this scary stories about artificial intellects taking over humanity and all of that. No you can only ask and see cause plummet these. Will prevent somebody to have a normal life and of course then you can decide for abortion but its only cause no amount of peace and no tell them so horrible things that. Well the character of childhood is Something Like that its not possible. You know when we go to gym and for instance i tell my trainer i want to have bigger biceps he gives me exercise and then you know the shape changes can you do something similar with brain and. Felix for us as can i teach my brain how to love or to be compassionate if i dont have it in me to exercise your brain like you exercise your biceps well for law if you need empathy. And there are people born without empathy. In the coast states today they dont mind what they do to other people. And be called them psychopaths. Those people are saying its. For empathy without any success so far if you dont have empathy from the beginning you kennels kiff person empathy what does what exactly tell me scientifically what determines in the brain whether i have empathy or not what kind of connections an inner life what is it well. Known as we call them. And they. Mirror what d. M. Vironment is doing so if a model is. Doing well making so movements and the child is mimic. Then the brain learns how to make that movement but if the mobile is making that movement then the child sees it as whole idea enough to make the brain that move and train the sick with the necessity for the same holds for emotions if you have t. Capability for emotions for empathy and you have an interaction you see that somebody you love is set or happy and then you also mimic those emotions and the brain learns how to deal with that but if you dont have it. By inboard. Differences then its impossible to but how do you explain sometimes the fact that the child is born in despicable conditions from crackhead parents violent parents goes from one foster family to another where hes abused and then somehow that person who we think is going to be just like the parents a criminal or a drug addict becomes one of the best humans in the world how do you say that well you just tell me i were Important Development in that case and that the environmentalists not so important if you have the capabilities if you have the brain formerly almost. Makes you and. Well and special person in any for instance. He gave us it by his father if he didnt study enough because his father wanted to use his stuff and. Finally he. Escapes from the family i think it is so 16 or so early and he passed into europe he was also involved thing came in all activities like the father in came building etc even most probably involved in killing a person but he made beautiful music. And that was his stuff and the telling us coming from his father who also was missing well wagner was a terrible human being who made beautiful music yes he will do well i tell you in this course that he did this differently that right. So there was this study where. I dont know what it was called there was a huge study and i was going through 80 for preparing for you and it actually said that according to that you could tell by the size of our and they can do. Our political leanings for instance if they make it too i was bigger but theres 99 percent chance that youre a conservative and vice versa do you believe that well its hold this case based on statistics and it gives you and shall most that somebody is so i thought left. For a person. Its not possible to predict so you are on our toes i think depending on the me so its only for an kook its like understand moment no well i try to explain if i say men are longer then women. Are quite a number of students here in the lap who are longer than i am still for coop i can say men are longer than women. The statistics yes it depends what nations youre talking about know everybody everywhere yes for the whole coop in the same environment men and women but from the size of somebodys if i get only the size. 85 i cannot say with some men or woman. So for coop you can make predictions but not for an individual ok so its a really rough overall or statistics is for sale if you called it off statistics well its important to note that what if a property. Talking about it has an availability huge failure billet. Thats holds for everything not only for for telling in some direction but for whole properties and the variation was to build. If lucian i think that for our brain the force has stopped we can discuss that but the variation is still there and there are always people who are and the and the extremes. Society doesnt like this if you are in the extreme for a property you should be in the middle. Of the feel safe but those people in the extremes can also consume a special thanks. Its been a pleasure talking to you thank you very much for this interview good luck with everything thank you thank you. Seem wrong. Just dont call. Me if you get to shape out these days become educated and it gains from it equals betrayal. When so many find themselves worlds apart when shes to look for common ground. Selfproclaimed democrat a socialist Bernie Sanders is leading the pack of contenders vying for the nomination to take gun trump but will the Democratic Party rally behind someone who embraces the word socialist and what impact will that have and the general election frank luntz one of the most influential pollsters in this country tells us what hes learned from talking with focus groups across the nation all on this edition of. The politicking on larry king hes one of americas most influential posts. In determining the words used in the political arena for decades frank luntz is here for an indepth one on one conversation about the 2020 alexion cycle his for spec given the impact of trumps messaging and whether socialism may be a make or break label for democrats thanks for coming frank i would never say no to you its obvious better wherever the opponents are going to take advantage of the world social