Future. Go on Sophie Shevardnadze as the wall transitions from a mechanical to digital the way society functions is rapidly changing what will the technical revolution bring well i ask economist innovative speaker and bestselling author of shell north strong. The rise of Digital Technologies bringing the whole world closer together with distance is disappearing nations and borders begin to disappear too where will this rapid progress take assume the coming decades how will our influence future technologies and how will groundbreaking inventions shaped the humans who use them. Showing our strong welcome to the show its really great to have you on our program today so show us to cannot. Nation states are where theyre going away and. Well have citizen stead i heard you say that lots of times. But look all over europe all over the world there are people fiercely obsessed with their National Identity london voted to stay in the u. England voted to leave new york voted hillary but the bible belt look bible belt voted trump what makes you think the nation state pendle dont want swing back i mean it looks like it is making a comeback no. It seems like theyre looking for an identification after thirty five years of intensive globalization. Be can now see that there is a little bit of a backlash and its difficult probably for us human beings to identify with the globe as a unit of analysis however what i think we can clearly see is that people identify with smaller units of analysis and the unit of analysis seems to be the city so cities seem to be more interesting than ever particularly if we look at the numbers where people are migrating borderless society has already existed in the e. U. For years but for the migrant crisis and a spike in terrorism borders are being green traduced and sassed is it premature to hope for a World Without borders. Though i dont see see a World Without borders i see a world full of borders the question is what kind of borders we will have whether they are soft or hard thats number one number two migration is driven by many factors its not only war and terrorism also you people are in search of a better life if you look at the border between mexico and the us or between the north of africa and europe you can see that many people are also in search of a better life tell me something how can sit is exist on their own without a bigger framework who will produce and feed all the bright minds and innovator sitting in skyscrapers look at singapore i mean the venice of our times which imports almost all of its Food Ingredients from elsewhere thats where we are today and the city of course need the surrounding area. To support itself thats true also indicates of the three case of singapore however or we will see of course the technology will help us to make the city in terms of degree somewhat more. Independent however there is no i can see no state in the foreseeable future where the city is independent no the city would always need the surrounding areas so do i understand right that your idea of the future is based on cities sali is is no where near us or arent you say were interesting in your ideas that the world is going to be made up of entirely of cities i think we have to look at it like this two thousand and six that was the year when more than fifty percent of the World Population lived in cities so that was a kind of a breaking point and now we are racing to ward stood next level and that hes probably about eighty percent of the World Population in cities twenty five to thirty years from now and then the world in terms of its population will be six hundred cities that account for eighty percent of the World Population and thats just you know migration yes i understand your idea and our sense how it can work the total urbanization somewhere like in europe because everythings closed by its well connected in terms of transport but is it a one in thirty or forty years possible in a vast place like russia. You know russia do have some similarities in terms of for example Canada Australia and actually to certain extent the nordic countries because you might know that both Finland Sweden and norway have very small population in turn in relation to decisis of the countries and these three scandinavian countries are some of the most urbanized in the world so it might well work the other way around if you see what i mean. But so lets imagine all that youre saying is going to happen one way or another so fifty years from now who will have the briefcase with the Nuclear Codes they San Francisco mayor or the mayor of boston. I think for the foreseeable future. San francisco moscow barely in the cities will have to accept that the power the ultimate power is still in the hands of the nation state although i think both you and the rest of us will experience how the sixtys gradually of course claims some of the power due to the fact that there are many people in the six hundred number one and number two the city of count for so much of the value production the creation of value and that usually can be translated into power if you see is over a longer period of time but i want to move on to Money Matters will we see a kind of money into the middle ages would like every city having its own currency. I see what you mean. Youre having the Virtual Currencies in mind of course that we now have somewhere between seven or eight hundred different currencies one of the most well known today so of course bitcoin i think most people have heard about bitcoin. And this is some kind of currencies so what were all with will crypt a currency like bitcoin play in this process self you know this intro ization could we be taken it more seriously or is it a market fad because there are a lot of controversies about becoming today i mean its a great idea but its not totally working. Great its a great idea it is not totally work and i guess most of us would not like to save our money in thats currency and the primaries and being that it fluctuates dramatically and most people dont want their savings to fluctuate that dramatically so thats number one number two. We do have some countries in the world that now are interested in reducing the use of crypto currency and various script to currency kind of offerings china is one such country that have said no to the use of a certain although all of these currencies. And the Central Government in a country do have a monopoly on currencies. But can you actually fight the technological trends i mean can you stop the cryptic our currency from happening in a future. No you should you cannot stop technology thats an excellent question sophie thank you very much because this is sometimes a little bit misunderstood we cannot stop the technological revolution in any area whether its these stem cells you know the ability to grow certain organs on the skin of a human being or Computer Technology in a general way or any other technology because its driven by human curiosity so i can see no state where we stop Technological Development as long as we human beings are here. They just allies services are a big factor in this enormous shift you are talking about the internet of the ninetys was perhaps less omnipresent but it was decentralized now most of our lives are facebook apple amazon Netflix Google not just a handful of companies do you see the danger in this one implication any kind of monoplane sation introduces of course problems and this is not new we have seen it before in a number of industries how one or two sometimes three companies totally dominate in industry we have seen it in the motive industry we dont handful of players dominating the industry we saw it in the oil and gas industry one hundred years ago we have seen it in the Telecom Industry so this is not the first time that one two or three companies totally dominate an industry and what has happened is either of two things either Technological Development has you know made some of these. Giants more or less obsolete because new technologies have introduced new players so thats one thing that tend to happen and that is thing that tend to happen that we go after. The law book of law and basically break them up and this has happened before companies have been broken up monopolies are usually a bad idea all right shelley i take a break right now and when were back well continue talking about how new technology is transforming our lives stay with us. Its a new year but the same stories persist outfront is the chaotic Trump White House followed by the steel dossier and a possible breakthrough with north korea. Now were back with shell nordstrom discussing how innovation and technology has shaped the future were going to live and so shall you once said that the market is a machine that has no so that we need to put so in it how do you do that i mean socialism. Socialism was of course. Effort or. Trial where we tried to do that now markets do not really have a Soul Technology is usually dont have a soul that we have to instill that from the outside the way we do it is usually by legislation in our respective countries but technologists are neither good nor bad i mean the internet in itself is neither good nor bad its a matter of what we use it for. The same goes for markets markets are in themselves neither good nor bad its what we trade how we trade it on the what circumstances we trade yeah but also im trying to figure out what they will look like in a future for instance theres an experiment going on in finland where they idea of universal basic income what the sample of people game in a limited amount of money but the government regardless of their employment or wealth is this scandal neighbors russia isnt gone too far is finland actually a step ahead of the rest. You know actually they are trying to answer exactly that question no one knows. No one really knows what happens if people are gave. A certain amount to oa a basic salary every month when they work harder when they work less will they do art will they play games how will people act and behave over a longer period of time if they are given a small i should say basic salary because the basic salary here is like between five and six hundred euros a month which means that its not that significant so this is this is a piece of research i think we have to see it for what it is its Research BasicResearch Also in talk about the University Education thats been discussed a lot lately how its over rated and all and you can also saying that University Education is becoming worthless you dont have to go to harvard because everything you need is already Available Online however a University Education isnt only giving you a diploma right its supposed to teach you this skill of self education peer severe and stis a plane i mean if you go to i think Ivy League Schools thats really the network that it gives you that you know then you live in in the world lately things that will be useful in any Work Environment will that not be enough to keep colleges going where else will we be taught all that youre exactly right but i think what we can see. Many of the human are human very basic human activities now for. Into to kiss a greece and i would try to explain lets start with something basic that we do in almost any country banking. One part of banking we do from a distance we do it with our mobile phone with our computer its totally robotized if you want there is no human being involved in the process so thats one side of banking then there is another side of banking which is when its super sophisticated and that is when you are buying your first house in a city where you were not born when you are for some reason divorcing and you have to split all the Financial Resources in a fair way then you need advice human advice and you need to see the bank care and you need to see your bank back to universities lecturers old School Lecturers we need one to four or five really good professors that do that and they can do it on camera for people in oxford called go moscow stockholm and San Francisco at the same time and from a distance its fully automatic if you see what i mean very limited involvement of the human beings however if you want to learn that discipline perspectives on knowledge feel loss of the how to analyze shakespeares best and compare it to hamlet then you need to sit down and discuss in a small group. With the senior professor then you need to see each other and you need to spend a long time together furthermore so i think we will split many of the human activities into two parlous the want component that can be fully automatic and the component where you really need Human Interaction so and the rule of thumb is anything that can be digitized will be difficult to earn money on you know with the internet but there is overwhelming amount of information that comes into our lives i mean people stop reading books but the amount of words that they read are actually more than before because you read so much stuff on internet whether its useful or not what can we do to keep up with the flow of information that we get into our lives everyday because actually i feel like we need to do something with it to prevent ourselves from becoming more stupid every day. In principle if a reticular speaking we are all becoming more stupid every day for the simple reason that the brain is the brain and it doesnt develop very fast however we almost doubled the amount of the information in planet earth every second year which means that in relative terms we know less and less and less but thats of course just a theoretical sort of spin on things. Now on a serious note we get a lot of the information we get a lot of data points but to make sense out of them is still not that simple. Which means that many of us now are. Informed but in a very weird and sometimes kinky way because we are putting information on and data points together that actually dont belong in the in the same context and it within the same framework i think the answer long term. Will be machines we need the help of machines here because its far more they than any human being can process so scene over a longer period of time we need an innovation here or an invention even not even an innovation rather an invention of basic invention. You know google was such an into invention once upon a time how to navigate all the home page so are you saying are you saying we need an invention that would actually help us sort out the information that we intake we need an invention that can validate test the reliability the relevance of the day that you and i are looking for lets assume that you and i are looking for data on diabetes ok if you google diabetes to type two today you will get massive massive massive amounts of data but the question is what about the quality of these data the reliability of the state of the source of the state and here we need the help of a machine that can classify care fager rise standardize all these data. Otherwise you and i are at risk of course that we read a lot about diabetes too but it is not really up to date and thats where we are today so how of the worlds population have never used a mobile phone regardless of everything that were talking about right now how awful of the worlds population hasnt used a mobile phone what we talk about digitalisation the globalization of everything they say hardly has anything to do with those parts of the world were children still have to walk four miles to school they dont have clean Drinking Water arctic ledges leading to the reality in which to developing part of the world will trail hopelessly behind the developed a fantastic question and reflection now a number one over the course of the last thirty forty years we have and by we i mean the world we have lifted so many people out of out to meet the poverty that today you could argue that we have one to one and a half billion people that still live below the poverty line which is of course. Horrifying what we can see though. Is that technology the way we think of it today the fact that we trade with each other seem to create value also in the most poor corners of the world so a decent assumption is that if we continue along the lines we see today with global trade Human Interaction and cross borders we will probably have eradicated poverty the way we define it today in about ten years and then well have to redefine poverty to feel like were maybe headed into a high tech low life into cyberpunk i mean they use twitter in kenya to prevent ships left or delivery drones in syria to drop bombs on people the ticket ology seeping into the socalled third walls but is it really changing it that is the question. I dont think technology usually changes Human Behavior it to certain extent you could say that over a longer period of time we are affected by technology we know for example that in a number of countries and in a number of cities people also young people prefer to do their dating using a machine rather than hanging out in a bar and then you can say ok technology has all been. In a very fundamental way change Human Behavior because we didnt have any machines before one with our dating but now we use there are any old that they thing apps. But i would say on average no technology doesnt change Human Behavior its or all the other way around that we adapt the technology to our ambitions and the foreign bishops are good we use technology for good and if they are bad we use it for Bad Technology is neutral in that sense shall thank you very much for this interesting ench of the its been a pleasure talking to you or talking to dr and nordstrom discussing the changes our societies undergo in the Information Age what the condom missed innovative speaker and best selling author once again dr shell thats it for this edition of cell phone call and ill see you next time. Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely and they fell of the metro over their heads up saudi arabia these days is as corrupt as the day is long and hes just stealing money from folks and with us right to be had it but americans like that free for a while ok already there actually are in the process of reform but that somehow evil. The two thousand and eight economic crisis turns some countries into paid these are the countries with weaker economies that needed austerity policies if you are in a situational flow gloat even the recession austerity is a very bad idea it doesnt work and it makes millions of people very unhappy those who are unemployed see their wages decline the almost a decade how good are the results she saw all of these will by the people gathered in which there was a lot of good people with your daughter julie. Who treated beautiful blue she still plumbers i mean to for legal. Challenge must do more than this she did not was always think they see something and not getting paid while the same mission is still in place to one of the consequences whos to weaken bluebirds food this movie will first be one of those loosely truthy consider this is the consequences are actually quite acceptable to the decision makers. Apply to many clips over the years so i know the guy even saw. The ball isnt only about what happens on the pitch to the final school its about the passion from the fans its the age of the superman each. Billionaire owners and spending two hundred twenty million on one player. Its an experience like nothing else not to because i want to share what i think of what i know about the beautiful guy a great so one more chance for. The base this minute. Greetings and salyut asians all right january nineteenth marg your calendars talk watch your because that is the date the United States congress will face its the next deadlines and september fourth deadlines and september thirtieth to pass the twenty eight two budget for United States of america is the whole budget january nineteenth twenty eighteen is they still havent still havent gotten around to giving us a budget but you see unlike the rest of us who face real world consequences for missed deadlines and unbalanced budgets the us Congress Gets to pass the old continuing resolution in order to continue to dodge their important responsibilities like say keeping the government funded and running properly january nineteenth marks the sunset of now their fourth continuing resolution but passing budgets on time isnt the only important responsibility congress has been ignoring now on a regular pretty regular basis. According to a recent survey by gov spend dot com congressional members and the us voting public are incredibly far apart on Spending Priorities for example gov spend discover that when it comes to just the discretionary funding budget americans thought military spending should be cut in half an education science and energy and environment deserved to be roughly doubled or more but congress on the other hand decided that allocating six hundred thirty nine billion to the pentagon while giving just fifty nine billion for education was a