Of رفقاء محمد واله الطاهرين اللهم الحقه بنبيك الكريم وعرف بينه وبينه اللهم احشره مع من يتولاه ويحبه وابعده ممن يتبرء منه ويبغضه اللهم احشره مع محمد وال محمد is now going to uh talk us through as to whats happening there regarding the martyrs from hizballah yes well today we have several funerals we have around six funerals for martis uh that were murder just yesterday and this is what youre looking at today, i think the images from the town of majadal in South Lebanon, this is one of the funeral processions for one of the martyrs and now we have prayers, the funeral prayers that are usually done by muslims just before the bureaual ceremony, of course today there will be more than one ceremony, and this is what is happening, is basically not having one central funeral, we have each martyr is buried in their own town, their hometown or home village, or whether they are from beirout, they are buried in beirout yesterday, we had a funeral for one of the marters in beirout where hazballahs deputy secretary general spoke, and today uh, its not clear whether we will have an official who will be speaking in these ceremonies or each ceremony alone depending, perhaps we have member. Uh of parliament or law maker from that area speaking or a cleric from hazbullah who will be speaking at this at this procession uh for course you can see the crowds, this is what were looking at as one of the biggest processions that weve seen so far, this is considered something for hizbullah that is very reminiscent of the times of the Israeli Occupation where we had maybe murders a daily basis. And this for hizballah spiritually is considered something which is significant and we heard it also from their officials we continue to hear it that the hezballah fighters fight and they have two basically choices, it is either marterdom or victory, and hazballah was clear about this that there is no defeat, they will not, there for for hizballah, for a group like for their resistance, there is no such a thing as defeat since the. Believe that anyone who falls in this battle, since they believe they have the righteous cause, they believe that their marters will either be marters, they will go to the heavens, or they will continue to fight until there is victory, of course there, hazballah has advanced and has grown from very humble Grassroots Movement uh in lebanon to fight Israeli Occupation during the time of occupation to basically what is considered now a paramilitary and has become stronger by the day, today they are definitely warning the israelis that any move that would be detrimental, any move that would be bigger than what they are doing in gaza and even in labanon could uh could be detrimental for the israeli army itself since they know that they have the capabilities to basically take on the israeli army whether from the sky through their rockets uh or perhaps defense capabilities, this is what many are talking are questioning, what does hezbullah have, air defense capabilities, can they take down fighter jets or can they take down israel . Surveillance planes that continue to hover over the southern skies of South Lebanon um so all of these issues are being basically just um talked about by everyone, were not, its not clear what type of steps has might take, but for now they are keeping to this war of retrition and continuous uh operations in South Lebanon. Thank you very much for that, we appreciate it, marillar from lebanon with uh her explanation regarding the funeral there, we do appreciate it and of course all the. Happening with uh, thank you to tim anderson, also uh director of the center for counter higermonic studies, spoke to us from sydney, thank you to you both, with that we come to an end for our extended coverage, thanks so much for being with us, as usual, we do ask you to stay with us, International News will be coming up and uh well do our best to bring you all the latest when it comes to israels war on gaza, its goodbye for now, اليوم غزه تحترق نساؤهم يموتون، اطفالهم يموتون، شيوخهم يموتون، ولم تدخل لهم المساعدات اليوم مخفه احتجاجييه في منفد طريبين من المقاومات الاسلاميه الشريفه كتائب حزب الله الى غزه لنا وقفه منافذ وندخل الى الى الحدود الاردنيه نحضر رئيس الجمهوريه العراقيه نحدر رئيس البرلمان نحدر رئيس الوزراء لحد هذه اللحظه لم يتصل المساعدات الى هذه الشباب المقامات الاسلاميه اليوم في منفذ طريبيل اليوم المساعدات لم تصل الى غزه مساعده اليهود خليهم ال سعود مطبعين ياهم ما يفيدونهم ان شاء الله ظهر الامام المهدي عجل الله فرجه الشريف ويقضى عليهم وان شاء الله احنا مجاهدين وبخدمتهم واخر كلام الاهالي غزه نقولهم احنا اخوانكم العراقين والغيره وما نعوفكم ومستعدين نموت من اجلهم جينا هنا كليتنا سلمين لا ولا عندنا اي مشكله ويا الحدود بس نريد الحدود يفتحوننا ويلون حتى نوصل للغزه نقدم لهم المساعدات ونقدم كل شيء نقدر عليهه وان شاء الله منتظرين نحن اليوم اتينا من بغداد نعلن الى منفذ طرابيل الحدودي نعلن اعتصام مفتوح حتى دخول المساعدات الى غزه ورفع الحصار عنها ووقف العملات العملات الهمجيه بالقصف العشوائي ونحن باقون الى هنا باذن الله سلمين ونطالب باعتصام مفتوح وبمشاركه باقي المحافظات ان تدخل المساعدات الى غزه باسرع وقت ارحموا رحمكم الله ارحموا فلسطين ارحموا شعب فلسطين ارحموا غزه يا اهل الغيره يا الدول العربيه يا الدول الاجنبيه اللي ما عندكم غيره ساندتوا اسرائيل وسانتميك يا السعوديه يا الامارات يا اللي ما عندكم غيره لان ذول شعب فلسطين شعب مظلوم شعب محروح. Whats going on everyone, ali razza here back with a brand new episode of iran tech and im back here again at the Atomic Energy organization of iran once again. And checking out the Radio Pharmaceuticals facility to pick up where we left off last time and fill in the blanks when we talked about gallium and luticium and their diagnostics and uh Therapeutic Properties when it comes to cancer treatments and diagnostics of course, but we left out one important element in between lutecium and gallium and that was iodine. So in this episode were going to be covering iodine or more specifically the radioactive isotope of iodon and how it fits in perfectly between gallium and lutecium which have diagnostic and uh. Therapeutic properties, stay tuned. The similarity between iodine, luticium and gallium is that theyre all radioactive and they all release emissions, radioactive emissions of beta or gamma race, but the diff difference is in what each of them release iodine releases both gamma and beta rays, gallium releases only gamma rays and luticium releases only beta rays and thats how theyre different in their functionality. Luticium is only used for therapeutic purposes because betays have therapeutic applications, whereas gallium is used only for diagnostic purposes because gamma rays are used for diagnostics, but iodine releases both of these radiations, gamma and beta so it has both of these properties. For diagnostics and for therapeutic purposes, so in microcury doses, in capsule form, we can actually use iodon capsules to uh diagnose hyperthyroidism or Thyroid Cancer, and in millicury doses with the same capsules and in the liquid form we can actually treat hyperthyroidism and Thyroid Cancer, but how do we actually get this iodine 131, because that is the radioactive isotope of iodine that we use, well its not use for me to talk about how we get the natural isotope of iodine, which is iodine 127. So how do we actually get it . Well, we need to take a look at the only element nature that is radioactive naturally and can be found naturally radioactive and through the fision of uranium 235, that is one of the methods that we can get uh 131 item, but theres also another method, lets take a closer look at both of them, the radioactive isotope of irod. Used in Radio Pharmaceuticals is iodine 131 and not the naturally occurring iodine with the atomic mass of 127. There are two ways that we can get iodine 131. One is through the fishion of uranium 235, the only naturally occurring radioactive element on earth. Uranium undergoes neutron bombardment in reactors and through its fission batters element isotopes such as xenon, molatenium or iodine is created. And a chemists job is to extract all these different elements to be used in their own respective field, and if you remember from previous episodes, the molelipdenium has its own uses in radio. Another method of producing active iodine is using tilerium oxide teleurium 130 that is within tellerium oxide powder is also bombarded with neutrons until it absorbs a neutron and turns into the metastable tilerium 131 which has one extra neutron. Metastable elements will decay and after a beta decay and some changes in the nature of the nucleus of the element, telerium 131 turns into. Iodine 131 in gaseous form trapped in between tilarium crystals. Now with some heats and melting the crystal will be released and later trapped with sodium hydroxide solution to then be used in radioformacy. Once we have our sodium iodine solution with very high purity, theres a couple steps that we need to take before the drug is ready to be administered to the patient, and that is because the. Ph level the sodium iodine solution is really high at 14, we need to bring it down to be able to actually administer to the patient, because that level of ph, you cant take that kind of drug, it will ruin the body as it goes down to the stomach, so thats one thing that we need to do, another reason is that we need to add some sort of excipient to be able to dispense the solution properly into the villes that we want to get out of the door, so the first thing that happens is that we have our sor idon solution container that we put inside this first hot cell, hot refers to the amount of activity or the radioactivity that happens within these cells, so we introduce the container to the first hot cell as such, and once the container is in, we need to go to the third hot cell where the the villes are prepared, so the way it happens is that we have lets say a 40 cury solution of sodium. Hydroxide, sodium iodine, and uh this 40 curee solution needs to be dispensed between lets say 200 different viles, each one of them with lets say 20 millicuries, so in order to do that we need to uh take this take a syringe and gather a little bit like maybe like one or two ccs uh of our sodium iodine solution and add it into some viles uh so once we have measured the amount of activity with the cury meat. That measures the amount of radioactivity in any given solution, once we have lets say 40 millicuries uh in our one cc or two cc solution in the ville, now is the time when we add that active solution to the buffer. The buffer has uh is called a bicarbonate buffer which which includes sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide and sodium cyosulfate, so these are the three things that is in this bicarbonate buffer, sodium, carbon to buffer and so now we have lets say solution that is 100 or 200 ccs and then we take the appropriate amount and dispense it among uh lets say 200 different viles and the end product is going to look Something Like this very inconspicuous uh but thats it so this is an edible solution so the the the patient will drink it and uh the the iodine within this solution will be absorbed around the thyroid to be able to combat Thyroid Cancer uh like so and then uh the other method of application, the other method of administration of this kind of drug is through capsules, so for now we had the liquid form, but then theres also uh the capsule form, which is easier to take, and also its a lot more easy to operate and uh also manufacture because theres less mess, because with liquids theres always the chance to spill it. Or break vile or something, but even when this vile breaks, you wont really get much of the the radioactive substance outside of this capsule, so what happens here is that we actually need a another solution, we cant use the same solution for uh the capsule form as we do with the liquid form, so we need a different solution with higher density of uh sodium iodine, and we introduce it the same way that we did with the liquid solution uh, but here with the with the higher density what we do is we have uh these containers for the capsules uh we dont actually open up the capsules, the capsule has top and a bottom, we dont actually open it up, what we do is add this particular palette uh to the device, we introduce it to the device, and with very very tiny needle in the micrometers, uh, we actually inject that solution within these capsules, but within these capsules we already have powder, this powder contains disodium hydrogen. Phosphate and this is powder that has very high absorption property, so you can add like lets say three 100ths of cc, it has to be very little, the amount is very minus. But you add that much liquid into this powder and the powder absorbs it and uh prevents it from uh being released into the air or going out of the capsule so the needle is so small that the hole the piercing that it creates is so small that liquid can go through it but powder cannot go out of it and in that way its going to be uh sealed properly uh and of course in the end what we will get is the same capsule in a vile and for the uh the final step uh we have to we have to actually think about the packaging uh for which lets take a look here, we have these 5 kilogram lead containers that you put the vial inside, im not going to be able to operate it well with one hand so im not going to attempt to put it in, maybe i will, okay that wasnt as bad as as i thought and then uh in this way uh the operator or the courier is going to be protected from the radioactivity of this particular uh capsule and villes and uh so forth. So that was it uh for the last stage of adding the buffer for the liquid solutions and adding the powder to absorb uh the the sodium iodine to the capsules and thats pretty much it as far as the manufacturing process goes. So we have our sodium iodide molecules now, either in capsule form or in liquid form, which is taken by the patient, iodine has this natural tendency. To be absorbed by the thyroid, once it is, the radioactivity of iodine 131 will start to damage the cancer cells around it by emitting betays, which is used to treat Thyroid Cancer and hyperthyroidism. Since there is also some gammories released, the same process at lower dosages can also be used to diagnose these same diseases, and then after its decay, with a half life of eight days, iodine will. Turn into zenon, noble gas that doesnt react with anything and is safe to pass through the body. This type of therapy can also be used after surgery when the doctor has removed most of the visible cancer tumors, but we want to make sure that if any remains, they will be destroyed through therapy so it will never come back. 131 mibg radio pharmaceutical is one of the most important and valuable radiopharmaceuticals to diagnose and treat adrenal glands diseases such as neuroblastoma and fear chromocytoma cancers theres an inactive iodine and about the ring theres a guanodin agent which is a structurally similar to neuroblastoma cells to mark iodine 131 with mibg molecule, very special condition should be created for the reaction to happen. The required environmental conditions for this reaction to happen must be acidic, time of reaction are other important points to consider the inactive iodin in metapott is replaced with radioactive iodine 131 and then it turns into metadobenzil guanine pharmaceutical. This is mainly used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes of neuroblaster a cancer. In terms of diagnostic purposes, one to form cories is used for therapeutic purposes, 50 to 200 millicories is prepared and sent to hospitals with the help help of our own Nuclear Scientists we started the project of this precious pharmaceutical in 2019. In the past we used to import this pharmaceutical and after earning the ability to produce it we could fortunately stop importing it and supply all our hospitals with this radio pharmaceutical. We also exported to iraq, syria and india. We have received very positive feedbacks from our hospitals. This radiopharmaceutical facility started its operation in 2010 a very low rate of. Production and now it has actually uh prevented the import of such Radio Pharmaceuticals to the country and now were a point where were making enough radio pharmaceutical drugs that were actually exporting these drugs to iraq syria and india and in order to be able to export these uh drugs to europe we need another facility which is about 90 to 95 done but this one is actually getting the gmp european standards for sterilization and isolation uh so that then we not only are able to increase our production but also well be able to export these drugs to europe as well. Heres hoping that happens soon and rather than later. Hope youve all enjoyed this episode of iron tech. Ill see you guys next week. الحال حالنا كحال المواطنين هنا نحن نبكي ولكن نبكي على الخذلان وليس على ما يفعل الاحتلال بلال نعرف ان هذا هو ديدنه وهذا هو فعله منذ عقود من الزمن ولكن نبكي على خذلان من حولنا قبل قليل ام هنا اتت وصرخت صرخت امام كل عدسات الاعلام تسال اين العرب اعتقد هذا سؤال تجاوزناه منذ اليوم الاول ولكن لازال لدينا امل هنا لازال لدينا امل في الشعوب العربيه في الشعوب الاسلاميه ان تحرك الانظمه. First tv headlines, israel says it will intensify us indiscriminate bombing of the besieg ghaza strip after killing thousands of palestinian women and children in the past two weeks. Group of un agencies have warned the humanitarian situation in the besieg gaza strip is turning catastrophic. Israel and people around the world take to the streets to condemn israeli atrocities against the people of palestine