Also used their weapons to express their political points of view. They used to carry out armed movements to express themselves. There have been different forms of armed expressions in colombia for 60 years. Expressions that led to the formation no longer of simple gorillas, but of true armies with territorial positions and with effective government. We must understand that the National Liberation army thats participating in the negotiation process today is an armed group and it is not a simple gorilla. We can say the same about the presence of the fark ep, which at the time was even in a kind of technical time. Politics has always been of carried out in colombia with weapons in hand, there are also other gorilla forces, the popular Liberation Army, even the m19 to which the current president gustavo belong, all then to fight for the. They have always carried weapons. According to some analysts and amnesty international, 8 million 5000 people, 17 of the colombian population have been affected in the Armed Conflicts directly, and the entire society, by the way, indirectly. A conflict that has not been sought by the people or by the forces that have taken up arms, but precisely by the savage and blood thirsty oppression of the landoners of those who are always on the side of imperialism in this case, del imperialismo en este caso. Today the u. S. Has seven military bases in colombian territory. Los procesos de paz. The Peace Processes that have taken place in colombia, as was the case with the fark, have been boycotted very strongly by the us. For example, the detention and retention to this day in the of United States in a north american prison of one of the main leaders of the fark, such as simon and trinidad, is a way of making the Peace Process not to be accepted even by the members of the revolutionary armed forces of. Boycott of the imperialists, today in the Peace Process that is between the National Liberation army and president pedro, the extreme right is not only ignoring it, but also placing emphasis on minor issues and at the same time manipulating Public Opinion an evil way, to let this process fail ultimately, is the winner of some national and municipal awards in our country. Hes also a political advisor in colombia during the 2016 Peace Process with the fark. Youre very welcome to black and white. Bienvenido por ispan tv mauricio. Thank you very much for the invitation. Were in the process of negotiations between the colombian government and the National Liberation army. What are these negotiations about . How do the. Antecedents influence the previous negotiations or the previous peace agreements with the fark made in 2016 and 2017 20162017 years there have been seven colombian governments that try to establish these dialogues with the National Liberation army. This time Gustavo Petro on august 3 2023 announced that two important things were going to take place, see fire installation of the National Participation committee, which is an advance in relations to what was the agreement with the fark. We remember that the fark sat down to negotiate with the colombian government, which was between the gurilla and the government. This time we will also witness participation of colombians in this Peace Process. Another important thing that will happen is the presence of the National Liberation armys chief negotiators in bokada. It never happened in history, both parts have always participated in negotiations in another city. Well, these are the historical milestones. It is also important to observe some historical background to understand what the difference is in these new round of dialogues. There are also three important events in the history that the government tried to have dialogues with the National Liberation army. The first round of negotiations was held in the 19th. Through simonilla coordinating board where fark and popular Liberation Army were present. This negotiation failed due to the bad political will of the government of cesar gaveria, because the government carried out bombings and fork camps at kasawerde. It happened on the same day that the constituent assembly was installed so that the negotiations were doomed to failure. The second round of negotiations took place during the presidency of alvara u between 2005 and 2007. Uribe had an aggressive strategy toward the Insurgent Forces called democratic security policy. More than 6,400 cases of false positives are documented from that period of time. It was a government that carried out imperialist interventions in colombia with militarybase installations and the implementation of plan colombia. His strategies could only intensify the internal colombia war. The third round of negotiations with colombian gorillas took place during Juan Manuel Santos presidency. It is important emphasize the difference between previous negotiations with colombian gorillas and the one that is being carried out during Gustavo Petro zera. The government of Juan Manuel Santos and previous ones always saw the National Liberation army as very small group and they didnt consider the political character of this gerilla. In addition, they saw the National Liberation army as a simple guerilla that did not have a control unit, but rather functioned more or less federatively. So what happened later, when previous colombian governments underestimated the National Liberation army and didnt consider its military and political aspects, the National Liberation army started to demonstrate its United National control unit by an armed strike. They carried out armed strikes and signed sees by. Gustavo petro understands that he has to give political recognition to a gorilla that has been fighting for 70 years and that was born as a political vision with great figures in its ranks. Its members are deeply concerned with the term liberation like priest camilotors and Manuel Perez Martinez in the 90s, so the political recognition of the National Liberation army is a significant the mistake that can occur in this new round of dialogues is to fall back into the same trap and not give political guarantees to the National Liberation army and take it as a criminal band or a Parliamentary Group como un grupo paramilitar the term force is predominant at the negotiating table, the truth is that after the peace negotiations and reaching agreements with the fark, the National Liberation army doubled its background to understand the new phase of negotiations, the colombian government and the fark signed a revised peace deal in 2016. It is important to see what happened in that moment. In that time, fark abandoned arms in the areas under their control. They were governing in those areas because the colombian estate had abandoned them. The colombian government forgot about the health service, security guarantees, police and medical services and making roads in those zones. It was the fark that carried out all these missions in these abandoned areas, so we witnessed the emergence of Parliamentary Groups and National Liberation army as well. This current dialogue occurs a time of escalation. We are well aware that there is progres in political participation of the fork with their Political Party known as communas. Five the fark members were in the senate and another five were in the chamber of deputies. 1,300 social leaders have been murdered so far since the signing of the peace agreement. That is exactly right, the us permanently boycotted the peace agreements. It is important to mention that to this day, simon trinidad, is one of the main leaders of the fark, is imprisoned in the United States, which makes the situation even more complicated, his absence made the. Peace process more difficult, the us could easily release him as a political prisoner. Well, these events, assassinations of social leaders and simonidads imprisonment have a clear message and means that they need to enter new phase. Well, lets have a break and then we will continue our program. Entrar digamos en otro momento. Bueno, vamos a una pausa y continuamos. Bueno, continuamos en Negro Y Blanco y estamos continue our program on black and white with Mauricio Leandro osario. We were talking about an important issue. What do you think about these events related to the fark . What do you think about todays fark . I need your opinion to continue our talk regarding the peace negotiations. Your opinion will be useful for Gustavo Pedro and the National Liberation army as well. They must be implemented correctly. Weve been witnessing progressive governments in the recent years. Uribismo has actually boycotted the peace dialogues in the recent years. Many fark fighters were granted amnesty and were bringing the process of integration into Civil Society were actually murder in that time. Their security guarantees were not fulfilled. Many social the leaders were also murdered. Right now there is progres in the peace dialogues. We see the political participation of the fark as communist party. Theres also a significant point here, theres also advance in the process of justice regarding the reconstruction of what really took place during the Armed Conflict in colombia. Unfortunately, the rightwing policy of these proimperialist governments was to arrest the parliamentary leaders and extradite them to the United States. These rightwing governments also exterited gerilla leaders to the us such as simon trinidad. These acters should have contributed to the peace and provided reparation to the victims through participation in the special jurisdiction for peace. Simonidad and release him to come back to colombia and act as a garantour of peace. The government. If theres a progressive government in power, we could move towards these guarantees of security and dialogue until he is free. They basically expect his freedom. We shall observe the advancement of this dialogue. Theres a real impeidiment in order to reach total peace in colombia. Colombias president has a plan for total peace. The role of monitoring and verification organizations is crucial to carry. Out seasefire a time of escalation of the conflict. We shall realize that there are the National Liberation army, Parliamentary Groups and fark gurilla dissidents in colombia. These dissidents are in conflict over territories abandoned after the agreement, over 52 massacres took place during 2023 as the result of this conflict in colombia. So we cant pretend that nothing has happened. We see the renewed outbreak of war. There must be a real seesfire between the government. And the National Liberation army, but how shall we reassure that the National Liberation army and other Parliamentary Groups do not enter into this conflict . It is a really complicated task, but we have to keep trying to reach peace. Hay que seguir intentando avanzar en la paz, no . Asi es, bueno, tenemos que thats right, the form of struggle obeys a special historical moment for specific needs. I believe that the entire history of colombia has been ruled by dictators. Colombia hasnt enjoyed democratic moment so much, thats why there are the fark, the National Liberation army, the popular Liberation Army, and the 19th of april movement. Gustavo pedro was also member of the 19th of april movement in that certain period of time. The Armed Conflict in colombia is transversal, from socialdemocratic organizations such as the 19th of april movement, to others that claim to be communists. The constant conflict, the Armed Conflict was actually the only way to make policies, the Armed Conflict in colombia, latin america and the world has an expiry date, what do you think . I have my opinion, but i am not going to mention it right now, pero no lo voy a decir todavia, que dices tu, bueno, mientras el estado colombiano, igual, creo que para responder, i think that first we must know about colombia, colombia continues to be one of the passions the us imperial. Latin america, along with chile. There are seven us military bases in colombia. Colombia is a strategic ally of the nato. The colombian state doesnt guarantee the security, education, healthcare and other services in different colombian territories, and thats why theres a continuous war. Drug trafficking is key element in colombian internal conflict. Drug trafficking also causes various problems. Many popular Liberation Army soldiers are connected to drug trafficking, many people and and parliamentary soldiers assassinated my family members, so i joined the gorilla groups to stay alive, i wanted to take revenge from my family, there was a grill of fighter that told me, if the Parliamentary Groups find me, i will join them, if the fark find me, i will join them as well, and i hope that the fark will find me, i mean that they didnt have a profound political and i ological background to join these groups, they only wanted to ensure their lives. Many of these gorilla fighters used to tell me, im going to sign paper to ensure my life in the becoming years. 330 gorilla fighters signed these papers and finally firmaron ese acuerdo que han sido asesinados, una de Las Dificultades grande que tiene la paz, the power in the hands of land owners is one of the many obstacles to reach peace in colombia. How have they used their power with bloodched and fire . They have treated the peasants as slaves. Theyve also overexploited the resources of peazants. As a professional journalist, what do you think about the role these sectors in colombia . Colombiano . The sector of Colombian Society is among the actors that has intensified the internal conflict. We shall. Include them in the citizen participation just like the fark, this is the only way to control such actor in the internal conflict, so Participation Committee in facilitating the inclusive participation of Colombian Society in the Peace Process is very important, this committee has the responsibility to invite the relatives of the assassinated peasants in the negotiations and guarantee the lives of gurilla fighters and peasants families in rural areas as well a Las Organizaciones campesinas y rurales there is a really complex situation in latin america. The us is now the first world power, it is actually becoming stronger every day. Can the us become an impediment to the Peace Process negotiations in colombia . We should consider this point that the us thinks that latin america is its backyard. Latin america may be the last bastian of the u. S. Because it has lost. Africa and asia, there are other conflicts in the world as well, how could the us impact the peace negotiations in colombia . Podria eso repercutir, no negativamente. Because we are very close to the us. The us has also intensified the colombian internal conflict, they didnt need to carry out cows or operation condor. We have seen the us Human Rights Violations and interventions in almost all colombian governments. I think that Gustavo Petros government is an exception in this case. Now the power was divided between liberal. And conservatives in colombia. In the last decade we also witnessed. We should also remember that Juan Manuel Santos who signed the peace deal used to be uribas defense minister during the democratic security government at the height the war. It is very complex issue. Thats why im insisting in a point that the right wing must not come to power so we can guarantee the peace in colombia. The uss interventionism must also be stopped. If we cant stop it, we cant reach peace. Colombia must stop us interventionism. I think that Gustavo Pedro has authorized the presence of nato in some areas in order to protect the environment. This is one of the contradictions. I think that the participation of exfark members in the negotiations can guarantee their lives. This is very complex. We believe in the intelligence and capacity of colombian people. Mauricia, we are about to finish our program, and i need your opinion about these negotiations between the colombian government and the National Liberation army. Can we see such negotiations with other gorilla groups and bring peace to colombia . If it doesnt happen, these little organizations will become stronger. The same thing happened when the colombian government and the fark signed the peace treaty and the National Liberation army emerged on the other side. La paz con los con la far bueno yo creo que para eso es importante en primer lugar eh lo que habiamos i have already mentioned this point i think that it was very good step that the colombian government recognized these groups as political organizations. The National Liberation army has been recognized as a political and military organization. They arent known as only a military organization anymore. It is important not to use the word demobilization because theyre not going to release troops from active. Service, they may lay down their weapons, the important point is that they will stay in their places, but will leave their weapons, the forms of struggles will be changed, the key point is to recognize them, it has been 70 years that we face the internal conflict in 60 anos de lucha en colombia, 60 anos, 70 years of war, es que no se, no se si es tema, no se si la lucha alguna the internal Armed Conflict still exists, thats right, it will continue to exist if the colombian government cant come up with a clear decision to guarantee their lives, because the gorilla members families have been assassinated, the Colombian Police and military arent present in these areas, it means that no one guarantees their lives, the colombian estate with parliamentary forces and police are the ones that commit these crimes, those who have lost their family members, mauricio, you are right, they had to use their weapons in conflict during all these years, it was the only way for them to be recognized as a political body for their sovereignty, justice and independence. Thank you very much for accepting our invitation to be on black and white, i hope to see you next time, because i think that this Peace Process is in development. Thank you very much. Esta en desarrollo, muchas gracias, thank you very much for inviting me. Iraq is not energy, actually uh, it is going to be the consuming product. We are expanding our relations with iran and implementing our previous agreements. Iraq has started relocating iranian kurdish groups from iraqs kurdish region frontiers with iran. It will positively affect our economic ties as well as tourism. Inpressive headlines, the hamos Resistance Movement says its fighters have captured more israeli troops and have taken them to the gaza strip as operation alaaxa flood continues. Leader of the Islamic Jihad says the palestinian fighters have humiliated the Israeli Regime in their ongoing operation and only way for the regime to cut its losses is to admit defeat and Major International airlines have cancelled dozens of flights to tel aviv as Palestinian Resistance factions anti israeli operation rage is on
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