Forms of armed expressions in colombia for 60 years, expressions that led to the formation no longer of simple gurillas, but of true armies with territorial positions and with effective government in certain sectors, especially peasants in colombia. We can say the same about the presence of the fark ep, which at the time was even in kind of technical tie with the reactionary armed forces. Politics has always been carried out in colombia with weapons in hand, there are also other gorilla forces, the Popular Liberation army, even the m19 to which the current president Gustavo Petro belonged, all then to fight for democracy, rights, sovereignty and independence from the United States. They have always carried weapons. According to some analysts and amnesty international, 8. 500 people, 17 of the colombian population have been affected in the Armed Conflicts directly, and the entire society, by the way, indirectly. A conflict that has not been sought by the people or by the forces that have taken. For example, the detention and retention to this day in the United States in a north american prison of one of the main leaders of the fark such as simon and trinidad is a way of making the Peace Process not to be accepted even by the members of the revolutionary armed forces of colombia. Boycott of the large land owners, boycott of the imperialists, today in the Peace Process that is between the National Liberation army and president pedro, the extreme right is not only ignoring it, but also placing emphasis on minor issues and at the same time manipulating Public Opinion an evil way, to let this process fail. Ultimately, its the colombian people who will decide the form of struggle and their destiny. Leandro osario, he is cuban, chilean writer and journalist, he is the winner of some national and municipal awards in our country. De hes also a political advisor in. In the first place we must remember that in the last 30 years there have been seven colombian governments that tried to establish these dialogues with the National Liberation army this time Gustavo Petro on august 3 2023 announced that two important things were going to take place fire installation of the national park. We remember that the fark sat down to negotiate with the colombian government, which was between the gurilla and the government. This time we will also witness participation of colombians in this Peace Process. Another important thing that will happen is the presence of the National Liberation armys chief negotiators in bogada, but it never happened in history. Both parts have always participated in. Negotiations in another city, well these are the historical milestones, it is also important to observe some historical background to understand what the difference is in this new round of dialogues, there are also three important events in the history that the government tried to have dialogues with the National Liberation army, the first round of negotiations was held in the 90s through simona coordinating board where fark and popular liboration army were present, this negotiation failed due to the bad political will of the government of cesar gaveria, because the government carried out bombings and fork camps at casaverde. It happened on the same day that the constituent assembly was installed so that the negotiations were doomed to failure. The second round of negotiations took place during the presidency of alvare uribe beles between 2005 and 2007. Strategy toward the Insurgent Forces called democratic security policy. More than 6,400 cases of false positives are documented from that period of time. It was a government that carried out imperialist interventions in colombia with militarybase installations and the implementation of plan colombia. His strategies could only intensify the internal colombia war. The third round of negotiations with colombian gorillas took place. During Juan Manuel Santos presidency, it is important emphasize the difference between previous negotiations with colombian gorillas and the one that is being carried out during Gustavo Petros era. The government of Juan Manuel Santos and previous ones always saw the National Liberation army as very small group and they didnt consider the political character of this gorilla. In addition, they saw the National Liberation army as a simple guerilla that did not. Have a control unit, but rather functioned more or less federatively. So what happened later . When previous colombian governments underestimated the National Liberation army and didnt consider its military and political aspects, the National Liberation army has taught to demonstrate its United National control unit by an armed strike. They carried out armed strikes and signed seasfires at the national level. I believe that everything has changed right now. Petro understands that he has to give political recognition to a gorilla that has been fighting for 70 years and that was born as a political vision with great figures in its ranks. Its members are deeply concerned with the term liberation, like priest kamilores and Manuel Perez Martinez in the 90s, so the political recognition of the National Liberation army is a significant advance. The mistake that can occur in this new round of dialogues is to fall. The truth is that after the peace negotiations and reaching agreements with the fark, the National Liberation army doubled its violent activities, it was no longer considered simply as a minor gorilla group. Simplemente como un grupo guerrillero menor. To understand the new phase of negotiations, the colombian government and the fark. Signed a revised peace deal in 2016. It is important to see what happened in that moment. In that time, fark abandoned arms in the areas under their control. They were governing in those areas because the colombian estate had abandoned them. The colombian government forgot about the health service, security guarantees, police and medical services and making roads in those zones. It was the fark that carried out all these missions in these abandoned areas. So we witnessed the emergence of parliamentary groups and National Liberation army as well. This current dialogue occurs a time of escalation, well aware that there is progres in political participation of the fark with their Political Party known as communas. Five of the fark members were in the senate and another five were in the chamber of deputies. 1,300 social leaders have been murdered so far since the signing of the Peace Agreement in colombia. Among them, we can see 330 signatories of the Peace Agreement. 330 firmantes del acuerdo de paz, asi es, incluso eh, habia un that is exactly right, the us permanently boycotted the Peace Agreements. It is important to mention that to this day, simonidad, is one of the main leaders of the fark is imprisoned in the United States, which makes the situation even more complicated. His absence made the Peace Process more difficult. The us could easily release him as a political prisoner. Well these events, assassinations of social leaders and simon trinidads imprisonment have a clear message and means that they need to enter new phase. Well, lets have a break and then we will continue our program, entrar digamos en otro momento. Bueno, vamos a una pausa y continuamos. Bueno, continuamos en Negro Y Blanco y estamos continue our program on. We were talking about an important issue, what do you think about these events related to the fark . What do you think about todays fark . I need your opinion to continue our talk regarding the peace negotiations. Your opinion will be useful for Gustavo Pedro and the National Liberation army as well, tanto petros como los helenos. Bueno, precisamente es una de las cosas queramos la previa que tiene que. That there should be certain guarantees for the governments and they must be implemented correctly. Weve been witnessing progressive governments in the recent years. Uribismo has actually boycotted the peace dialogues in the recent years. Many fark fighters were granted amnesty and were bringing the process of integration into Civil Society were actually murdered in that time. Their security guarantees were not fulfilled. Many social leaders were also murdered. Right now there is progress in the peace dialoges. See the political participation of the fark as communist party. Theres also a significant point here, theres also advance in the process of justice regarding the reconstruction of what really took place during the Armed Conflict in colombia. Unfortunately, the rightwing policy of these proimperialist governments was to arrest the parliamentary leaders and extradite them to the United States. These rightwing governments also exterited gerilla leaders to the us. Such as simondat. These actors should have contributed to the peace and provided reparation to the victims through participation for peace. Mira, sin saliendo del tema, do you think that it is possible to do justice to simon trinidad and release him to come back to colombia and act as a garantour of peace . It is demand of all leftwing Democratic Forces in colombia and latin america as well. Hace bastante sentido eso, seria un un paso significativo, pero reitero ahi, but i have to reiterate that this depends on the political will of the government. If theres a progressive government in power, we could move towards these guarantees of security and dialogue until he is free. They basically expect his freedom. We shall observe the advancement of this dialogue. Theres a real impeidiment in order to reach total peace in colombia. President has a plan for total peace, the role of monitoring and verification organizations is crucial to carry out seasfire a time of escalation of the conflict. We shall realize that the. National liberation army, parliamentary groups and fark gurilla dissidents in colombia. These dissidents are in conflict over territories abandoned after the agreement. Over 52 massacres took place during 2023 as the result of this conflict in colombia. So we cant pretend that nothing has happened. We see the renewed outbreak of war. There must be a real seesfire between the government and the National Liberation army, but how shall we reassure that the National Liberation army and. And other parliamentary groups do not enter into this conflict, it is a really complicated task, but we have to keep trying to reach peace, hay que seguir intentando avanzar en la paz, no, asi es, bueno, tenemos que obeys a special historical moment for specific needs, i believe that the entire history of colombia has been ruled by dictators. Colombia hasnt enjoyed democratic moment so much, thats why there are. The fark, the National Liberation army, the Popular Liberation army, and the 19th of april movement. Gustavo pedro was also member of the 19th of april movement in that certain period of time. The Armed Conflict in colombia is transversal, from socialdemocratic organizations such as the 19th of april movement, to others that claim to be communits. It is a constant conflict. The Armed Conflict was actually the only. Way to make policies, the Armed Conflict in colombia, latin america and the world has an expiry date, what do you think . Bueno, mientras el Estado Colombiano igual, creo que para responder about colombia. The us imperialism, latin america, along with chile. There are seven us military bases. In colombia. Colombia is a strategic ally of the nato. The colombian state doesnt guarantee the security, education, healthcare and other services in different colombian territories, and thats why theres a continuous war. Drug trafficking is key element in colombian internal conflict. Drug trafficking also causes various problems. Many Popular LiberationArmy Soldiers are connected to drug trafficking. Many people in colombia have told me i didnt turn into a gorilla fighter because i used to read marks, i turn into a gorilla fighter because the Colombian Army and parliamentary soldiers assassinated my family members, so i joined the gorilla groups to stay alive, i wanted to take revenge from my family. There was a grill of fighter that told me if the parliamentary groups find me, i will join them, if the fark find me, i will join them as well, and i hope that the fark will find me. I mean that they didnt have a profound political and ideological background to join these groups. They only wanted to ensure their lives. This sector of Colombian Society is among the actors that has intensified the internal conflict, we shall include them in the citizen participation just like the fark, this is the only way to controll such actor in the internal conflict, so Participation Committee in facilitating the inclusive participation of Colombian Society and the Peace Process is very important, this committee has the responsibility to invite the relatives of the assassinated peasants in the negotiations and guarantee the lives of gurilla, fighters and peasants families in rural areas as well, a Las Organizaciones campesinas y rurales, ahora en el Contexto Latinoamericano hay una is a really complex situation in latin america, the us is now the first world power, it is actually becoming stronger every day. Can the us become an impediment to the Peace Process negotiations in colombia . We should consider this point that the us thinks that latin america is its backyard. Latin america may be the last bastion of the u. S. Because it has lost africa and asia, there are other conflicts in the world as well. How could the us podria eso repercutir no negativamente en la firma la paz bueno yo tengo ahi mi opinion personal yo creo que precisamente personal opinion, i believe that there is no peace in colombia because we are very close to the us. The us has also intensified the colombian internal conflict. They didnt need to carry out cous or operation condor. We have seen the us Human Rights Violations and interventions in almost all colombian governments. I think that Gustavo Petros government is an exception in this case. Now the power was divided between liberals and conservatives in colombia. In the last decade we also witnessed. We shall also remember that Juan Manuel Santos who signed the peace deal used to be uribas defense minister during the democratic security government at the height the war, it is very complex issue. Thats why im insisting in a point that the right wing must not come to power so we can guarantee the peace in colombia. The uss interventionism must also be stopped. If we cant stop it, we cant reach peace in una paz total como quiere. Debe como se llama parar el intervencionismo. Sin embargo, i agree with you, colombia must stop us interventionism. I think that Gustavo Pedro has authorized the presence of nato in some areas in order to protect the environment. This is one of the contradictions. I think that the participation of exfark members in the negotiations can guarantee their lives. This is very complex. We believe in the intelligence and capacity of colombian people. Mauricia, we are about to finish our program. And i need your opinion about these negotiations between the colombian government and the National Liberation army. Can we see such negotiations with other gorilla groups and bring peace to colombia . If it doesnt happen, these little organizations will become stronger. The same thing happened when the colombian government and the fark signed the peace treaty and the National Liberation army emerged on the other. Bueno, yo creo que para eso es importante. These groups as political organizations. The National Liberation army has been recognized as a political and military organization. They arent known as only a military organization anymore. It is important not to use the word demobilization, because theyre not going to release troops from active service. They may lay down their weapons. The important point is that they will stay in their. Continue to exist if the colombian government cant come up with a clear decision to guarantee their lives, because the gorilla members, families have been assassinated, the Colombian Police and military arent present in these areas, it means that no one guarantees their lives, the colombian estate with parliamentary forces and police are the ones that commit these crimes, those who have lost their family members will take weapons in their hands and defend themselves, mauricio, mauricio, you are right, they had to use their weapons in conflict during all these years. It was the only way for them to be recognized as a political body for their sovereignty, justice and independence. Thank you very much for accepting our invitation to be on black and white. I hope to see you next time, because i think that this Peace Process is in development. Thank you very much. Esta en desarrollo. Muchas gracias. Thank you very much for inviting me. وقت التحرير سفاره صهيونيه يا سفاره صهيون قصه وتاريخ اكتوبر قصه وتاريخسي خلك يا بالضيف. What about people, all of our countrymen, сволочу, щоб он здохнуtь tам, да, конечно, oh my god, from the environment to business and economy, to civil and human rights, to treaties and agreements, to war and conflicts, we bring you the overlooked aspects of world events and news from the farflunged corners of the globe, 10 minutes only on press tv. The headlines this hour, Palestinian Resistance fighters have launched a largescale operation against israel, firing thousands of missiles into israeli cities. The head of the Political Bureau of the Palestinian Resistance moment hamas says the operation of alaska flood against israel will end with palestinians victory. Also the headlines iran says that supports the palestinians in their fight against the Israeli Occupation regime with several other countries blaming israel for the escalation