Were starting off a high note so were here at the fps Group Checking out an engine block that is almost complete and im here with mehdi piruzi the Vice President of fps group and hes going to tell me about why this uh engine block this v16 beast of an engine block is so exclusive to uh countries that you can actually count with the fingers in one hand and whats so special about making of this that not very many countries are able to make it, so maydy please, thank you so much for the time, actually we are the First Company that do the maintenance of the locomotives in iranian railway, since 10 years ago we start the major overh of the engines in our factory in pare and industrial zone, right . Uh, after some years we face to a problem that we have a problem with engine blocks, this is the main parts of the engines that we have. Right, so we are going to start to how to manufacture these engine block in our country, before that you are importing these engine blocks from foreign countries, and because of the sheer size and weight, this is five ton beast uh, its going to be pretty expensive to import, really unmanable, its unbelievable, thats its because its uh something that um under embargo and its. Very hard to find the uh countries, yeah, right manufacturer to import, forget about this, we are doing the um drying, make drying, this is specially kind of engine blocks in all over the world, because what makes this special . All the engine blocks in the normal or general types of engines are casting, but this is fabricated engine blocks, mean we have the separate parts of the engines and we do the assemble of these parts together, so you dont cast these different parts, no, there is no casting parts in all the uh engine block, yeah, we are forged and these parts separately forged and then assembled together, so how does forging work and how is it different from casting and what kind of properties does it have that casting parts dont . Forging is um different from casting casting. You have mold and you uh put the melt uh melted metal melted metal into the mold and after cooling the process you have the final uh parts but in in uh forging you have to do the you dont have the melt right so metal its goes the temperature to higher it almost melts but almost melt yeah its not quite melt and after that you put the pressure its under the uh press device so its like you have mold but instead of pouring metal in it you put the pressure from both sides or like from whichever direction into this and then you pressed it into the mold because of that the characteristy of the final parts its different how is it different and why is it better to use forging instead of casting . Most of the time the hardness is very important for us, the toughness is very important to us, and whats the difference between hardness and toughness . Hardness is uh something that it shows the. When you put pressure or impact it doesnt sness you you have the bending, its how brittal it is and how much pressure you can on the different s thick okay so this is tougher and harder harder yeah in forged parts we have the hardness and softness increased increased yes okay after we do the assembling all the parts of the engine block after that we should go to the other parts mean we put the crank shaft right the lineers power packs head cylinder and all together i think thats the those are the power packs yeah these are the power packs this is the type engines, its not the line one, the v type engines eight cylinders on one side, the other yeah, we have both sides uh, we have power back, whats the advantage of v type engines compared to the uh the space, its much smaller than the other lines one and the power of these engines are increased and we have 16 cylinder in this space if we have want to lined once the uh five meters or so maybe more than five meter. Five meters nowadays its uh four okay so when can we expect to actually see this being uh finished and then installed onto an actual train . This is the final parts we do the test of these uh engine blocks. Hope in three months we have the final uh engine blocks and then assemble the other parts uh because we do the maintenance of the major overhall of the engines before for imported engines for imported engine blocks no. The engine the engines are working over the local and when the time is ready we have to do the major we have the test device for doing the test and we can measure we can measure some parameters for the uh what we do in the measure of right because of that hope in three we have the complete engine okay heres hoping well be able to the first train with a dically made engine block and engine as a whole uh sooner rather than later. Thank you very much mandy for the information moving right along. Not all cables are built the same and so were here at yahoot Cable Manufacturing Company where theyve where they make uh cables that are meant for heavy industries and in particular. Rail and Transportation Industry when it comes to uh subway trains that are powered by electricity uh so different cables obviously have Different Levels of resistance to heat when you think of cables you probably think of the charging cable of your phone or other Home Appliances the thing with those cables is that they they are based off of thermoplastic substances and those thermoplastic substances are based on oil so they have little to no resistance to heat and when currents even flow into these cables uh heat is generated and the live and neutral wires within the cable uh can actually melt the shielding can melt and theyre all based on oil so they can melt and the cable itself can melt and uh the the orking that will happen because of the live and neutral uh wires coming into contact with each other can actually create a spark and actually uh you know put the whole thing up in flames. That is very unsafe kind of cabling that can run through lot of apartments and houses, so the solution is to switch to Something Like this or other cables that are based on silicium uh the the mineral silicium uh so these are not thermoplastic based uh substances, they are thermosets which have much higher resistance to heat. Lets take a look at the the substance itself in the paste form. This is what a silicium paste or silicon looks like and out of these gets these heavy duty cables which are actually used in railway and transportation so this red bit is made of silicium and theres another layer of insulation that is made up of fiberglass uh so the silicium layer has a resistance of up to 200 degrees celsius and the fiberglass installation adds another 600 degrees of resistance up to 800 degrees so uh stuff like this that you actually see here, Something Like it, this flame has actually been running for the past two or three days since the beginning of this exhibition and you can see that uh this uh thermal thermoset material once it is uh coming into contact with heat and flame it actually turns into ceramic and creates another better layer of insulation than silicium itself, so it becomes a more insulating material and you can actually see here that the temperature. Is at around 800 degrees, so there are different tests that need to be run uh to get the certificates for these cables uh to be able to use them in railway and the power trains uh within the subways. System uh so this is a pretty good uh demonstration of how resist how resilient these cables are and this lamp has been on for this entire time uh the circuits the the flow of electricity has not been cut for this whole time. Lets talk about another subject that is outside of a train but still in the confines of uh railway and transportation uh we have the laser profile and and to explain more about it, i have ali salehpur, the ceo of uh kahnawari to tell me about how it works and how it applies to the Railway Industry, hello, this device is used laser for measurement the z area and move in x and y and then we have point clot and in here we can show the point clot, so it shows us map of whatever 3d object that is underneath it, yeah yeah yeah, we can scan everywhere, for example we can scan. Centimeter to centimeter for example this one is 10 millimeter into 4 mm whats the smallest diameter that we can actually scan in the in z one micrometer in x and y 30 micrometer 30 m so how do we analyze this data and where do we use it uh and after we take a point clothe we use the software for show the topography and then we can put for example we can put the line like this and see the profile and see the roughness average, so how much the so this is the profile, so this is the scan itself, the the black line, and we can measure how much this line diverges from the wave that is the average of this uh this this profile and uh that will give us the roughness number, so uh the the smaller this range is, we can understand that the smoother this surface is correct, this this uh green line, yes and in depend on the product we wants to scan, some product is less than micrometer and some products is more and we choose the laser and choose the device for how to scan how to small scan of the area so this green line is the difference between the the red which is the average name is roughness right so and uh the roughness so how do we use it in the Railway Industry whats the application in the rail for example we wants to scan the rail and understand whats the on the rail, we can put this device for example on the train and train moving on the rail and scan the rail and after the scan we can understand which area def everything and another using and we can using on the wheel when we using on the train they have deformation and we can scan the wheel and understand what the roughness and whats the damage on it uh thats going to be it for this particular product uh to some closing thoughts in the 10th railway and transportation expo, i got to see firsth just how thorough and diverse this industry is in iran. I saw Companies Making everything from train cars, wheels, engine blocks and power inverters and lot of things in between with very few missing links, so heres hoping in the 11th, 12th for 13th version of this expo i see les singlings and less of a way between us and making a uh a train from start to finish all by ourselves. Heres hoping that happens sooner rather than later. I hope youve all enjoyed it and uh i will see you in the next week. The us said it was going to reconstruct afghanistan and restore security to the country, but after two decades wherever you live. In the country, you only see death and destruction. Many us officials have taken the lid off the wid spread corruption under the guise of reconstruction projects. Follow the details in this documentary. The headlines for this hour iran strongly condemns us unilateral sanctions saying they continue to kill patients by boring the countrys access to medicine and medical equipment. 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