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Renewables are vaunted for their ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as part of the push to address climate change in the United States and elsewhere, but that doesn’t mean they have zero environmental impact.
Projections from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) show the share of renewable generation increasing from 18% in 2018 to to 31% in the U.S. by 2050. As their capacity grows, so does the scale of their effects — along with industry and public awareness of the challenges.
Some of the environmental issues getting the most scrutiny have been toxic substances and wastewater generated in the production of some solar photovoltaic (PV) cells; changed land use and disrupted wildlife habitat from both solar and wind projects; and significant recycling and disposal challenges for both solar panels and wind turbine rotor blades.