North. Thank you for joining us. The global hunt for a Coronavirus Vaccine and treatment took a leap forward monday with World Leaders pledging billions of dollars to the fight. The European Commission hosted a virtual fundraising conference and nations promised to contribute more than 8 billion towards research, a turning point, according to the commissions president. 3. 5 Million People have now been infected by the virus worldwide. About one third of those have recovered, but about 250,000 people have died. Country, country by in some instances even city by city, lockdowns are being lifted. One of the hardest hit countries, italy, was among nations that began easing restrictions monday. We will have more from italy a later, but jonah begins coverage from oxford where scientists are working on a potential vaccine. Reporter coronavirus isnt going away, so the world must find ways to live with it. Better ways of testing for it, more effective ways of treating it. Most importantly, eventually, a vaccine against it. The goal is one. To defeat this virus. A Virtual Conference aims to channel billions into the global response. Its not just about pouring money into research, but also about pooling resources and expertise for the common good. The argument will not how fast we can develop tools, it will be how easily we can distribute them. None of us can accept a world in which some people are protected while others remain exposed. Reporter the u. S. Isnt involved, and while china is offering to help, there are concerns the worlds to top economies already at political loggerheads might engage in a vaccine war. Donald trump has already claimed a vaccine is just months away. Scientists point out that even if a vaccine is discovered in months, it will be a lot longer than that before it is scaled up and available to the billions who will need it, which is why it is so important to find drug treatments that work in the meantime. Both are central to the funds being pledged and both are at advanced stages of trial and research here at the university of oxford. Professor Martin Landry is leading the Worlds LargestClinical Trial into the coronavirus treatment, a project recovery. Hes hoping to find an existing drug or combination that works to save lives well before a vaccine becomes globally available. I think here is probably too strong. There will be a single drug that suddenly wipes out coronavirus, but i think effective treatments are in sight and they are critical, because patients are dying today and tomorrow and the day after. Best in the world, we are 18 months off having a scaled up vaccine at best. We need treatments for now. Reporter only in europe and parts of asia are there real signs of an truck infection slowdown. Globally, new cases are being reported at more or less the same rate as they were a month ago. Fears are greatest for the developing world, where social distancing is inadequate or impossible. The greatest hope lies in a global third against a global threat. Al jazeera, oxford. Slowra italy has begun a return to normality eight weeks after becoming the first country in europe to go into lockdown. 4. 5 million italians are now allowed back to work and relatives can reunite, but schools and cinemas remain shut. Alexia brian reports. Hug they have been waiting for for two months. Grandfather and granddaughter reunited. During the quarantine, we were desperate now i cant even speak for how excited i am. Two excited. We have only seen her with video calls for two months, but it was not the same. It could not be the same. When i saw her, my heart stopped. It seemed to be a century since i have seen her. Reporter after the longest lockdown in europe, family visits are allowed, but only if relatives live in the same region. Elsewhere, the lines were back at romes main station. Although its not just tickets, but temperatures being taken. Obviously after staying at home for almost 60 days, it feels good. I feel good and i feel safe. Reporter acacross italy, more than 4 Million People were back at work as construction signs and factories reopened and restaurants were allowed to sell take away food. But taking public transport is still discouraged by government and masks are compulsory when sharing public spaces and doors. Funerals are limited to 15 people. But the bereaved are able to leave flowers on the graves of the dead. Nearbyts neared by carefully disinfect it. With around 29,000 deaths, italy is one of the worst affected countries. Government leaders fear the loosening of restrictions will lead to a resurgence in cases. Health care workers are taking extra measures to track infections, isolate clusters, and make sure hospitals are not overwhelmed again. Careful, trying not to do too many things, but at least we are finally outside and breathing fresh air. Reporter families making the most of the sunshine and parks that have been reopened, although playgrounds are still offlimits. We are happy because finally today they have opened after having closed it for a month and a half. Even though obviously my daughter was disappointed to find the playground blocked off. Reporter there are many reminders life isnt the same, with schools, cinemas, and theaters shut indefinitely, but this ancient country has witnessed plagues before and recovered. Italians just need to find a balance between staying safe and embracing their newfound freedom. Alexia brian, al jazeera. Barbara the Trump Administration is projecting coronavirus deaths in the u. S. Will reach 3000 a day by june 1. Thats according to an internal report seen by the new york times. Several states have begun to an reopen economies despite warnings from Public Health experts. Our White House Correspondent has more. Reporter the numbers are astonishing. They have been upgraded from 25,000 infections a day to 200,000 a day by the end of june, with the number of daily deaths by june rising to 3000 a day. This is enormous in terms of the projection, given the fact that these states are reopening. The white house is responding saying look, these are centers for Disease Control models, federal Emergency Management models, not the Trump Administration per se. The white house is saying the Coronavirus Task not reviewed this model . Instead they claim that the guidelines are science based and in fact the president is monitoring the state led efforts to reopen the economy. Again, they say this is not something directed by the government. They are pushing back on these reports, but i can tell you as the American Public learns more about the numbers projected, it is likely to have an impact and raise concerns, even alarm here in the united states. Barbara Chinese State media has accused the u. S. Of unprecedented propaganda warfare over the origins of covid19. Secretary of state mike pompeo has said there is significant evidence it originated in a chinese lab. That is despite a report from u. S. Intelligence that says the virus does not appear to be manmade. Has the response from manmade dust china. Reporter there has been an escalating war of words between the u. S. And china and the latest state media is adding fuel to the fire. In a Chinese State media newspaper, published first in english and in mandarin, both versions having searing words attacking secretary of state pompeo. They called him a liar, saying that he is an engaging and filthy behavior to mislead the public, and that he has lost compass. They also accused him of only being interested in getting donald trump reelected in the next elections in november, and in stoking antichinese hatred in order to do this. This is in response to the comments we heard earlier of mike pompeo saying there is significant evidence that covid19 originated in a chinese lab, at the Wuhan Institute of virology. Beijing has flat out denied this and deny they are engaging in any of rapport Disinformation Campaign cover up or Disinformation Campaign. They also want mike pompeo to really produce this evidence they claim to have. They say hes really just bluff andbig continuing this antichina Smear Campaign to divert attention from washingtons mishandling of the crisis at home. Has also begunnd easing its restrictions after a steady decline in the number of new coronavirus infections. The economy has been hit hard, and many people now need help putting food on the table. Scott hyde learned reports from bangkok. As citizens enjoy the easing of covid19 restrictions, many roleplaying many remain reliant on food handouts from local charities. In some cases, theres not enough to go around for those waiting. Been many closed businesses are able to reopen after almost two months of being shut, but the state of emergency remains in place along with a 10 00 p. M. To 4 00 a. M. Curfew. The ban on International Flights to thailand continues until the month. The restaurants can have dinan customers but only one person per table and no alcohol. Better than nothing, but it might be too late for some. Im very worried about the tourism industry. We dont have the same purchasing power as foreign visitors. The chinese, koreans, and japanese spend a lot of money, but they are all gone. It might take a year for things to get better. Reporter the government will evaluate the situation every two weeks, either determining to further ease restrictions, or if there is a spike in confirmed cases, reinfirm some of the rules. While the government is focused on the here and now of tackling covid19, theres growing concern about the future. Some businesses opening up is good news, but this country is so reliant on the tourism industry, that it is at a standstill. There are many types of businesses connected with tourism so a downturn cuts deep into the population. We are an economy that depends a lot on globalization, on the movement of people in terms of our dependence, on contributing to nearly 20 of the gdp. We also depend heavily on export. Grooming shops have also opened their doors. The owner of bark lounge used her personal savings to keep the business afloat. For her, it paid off. A lot of my customers are starting to come back. I think because my shop was closed a long time. During the shutdown, they had no choice. Now they are fighting to be the first in line. Reporter thailands southern neighbor malaysia also began loosening covid restrictions. Most businesses including restaurants can reopen, but some states are keeping restrictions in place. They want more time to study the potential risks from relaxing the curbs. Back in the cramped low income neighborhoods of bangkok, many dont work in the industries or businesses that have reopened, so they still need the food handouts. But theres hope that this is a first step that could lead to more restrictions being lifted and that they soon could return to providing for their families on their own. Scott heidler, al jazeera, bangkok. Barbara you are watching al jazeera from london. Still ahead, a major breakthrough against malaria. Scientists discover a microbe that prevents mosquitoes getting infected. Plus. Instead of seeing an xray, i am doing uberx. Barbara calls mount for more International Doctors to practice in canada. Quite a taste of winter already and southern regions, particularly the southeast of australia. Skies relatively clear. We have seen some scenes like this, the first frost t in canberra on the ground. Evening, as beautiful l sunsetet into the mountains of victotoria. The sunshine setting over those snow we covered mountains. 80 centimeters of snow in the last few days. Mostly clear across the southeast tuesday. Temperatures beginning to come back up. Again, dipping into the overnight hours. New zealand seeing strong winds but also muchneeded rain and certainly rain on its way into Western Australia tuesday. A wet couple of days in perth. Pretty strong winds. Wednesday, still bringing the rain showers in and rolls its way slowly through Western Areas there, into the northeast of asia. Pretty good conditions across much of japan. That will stay the case on tuesday. Very heavy rain developing. Onwe head to the north wednesday, more rain and clouds developing. Some warmth developing with a high of 26. Barbara welcome back. Heres a reminder of the top stories. World leaders have pledged more than 8 billion to Fund Research into a vaccine and treatment for the coronavirus. Several countries began loosening lockdown measures on monday. Among them was italy with more than 4 Million People who have returned to work after eight weeks at home. Some Asian Countries are also using restrictions. Thailand has lifted some measures because of the steady decline in the number of new infections. Also joined a host of countries easing restrictions following a fiveweek lockdown, but medical workers are warning the large crowds are returning to the streets and could result in a major spike in cases. Nigerians in the capital take tentative steps towards normal life after a fiveweek lockdown, but scenes like this shocked medical workers on the front lines of the fight against covid19. Decision at a good this stage. If we have a large number of people who are infected, who may not have the current capacity of hospital beds to be able to take care of those who may have been infected. Reporter some of the open markets remain closed. Frustrating many traders of goods who have not sold anything for more than a month. Theres no provision for us. The masses. Why we are onason lockdown. Reporter the lockdown has taken a toll on lives and livelihoods and many here are in a hurry to recoup their losses. The collapse in oil prices has been another major blow for nigerias Oil Dependent economy. Our stores are full. We are trying to keep the prices as they are. We dont even want to think losses. E as a businessman, your priority is to keep your customer in good and bad times. Remember, many people didnt earn any money for weeks now. Reporter some Health Experts insist the government should continue to enforce emergency measures. The government says certain researches are being lifted, curfews will start from 8 00 until further notice and the wearing of masks like this outside and social distancing will be strictly enforced in addition to reducing numbers on public transport. Reporter for now, places of worship will remain closed with government worried about enforcing social distancing. Other nigerians fear the lifting of restrictions on infections are on the rise and it could be disastrous. Al jazeera, nigeria. Barbara in iran, the death toll from the coronavirus has risen to more than 6270 as the country reopens mosques in 132 cities. This means muslims can now pray at places of worship for the rest of ramadan. On sunday, president rouhani said masks mosques will be allowed to reopen and areas consistently free of covid19 but people must adhere to social distancing, where masks and gloves, and not stay for more than half an hour. The country is one of the hardest hit in the middle east with more than 98,600 cases. Meanwhile, japans state of emergency has been extended until the end of this month. The Prime Minister says the infection rate has not yet dropped to a safe level, however measures will be reassessed in 10 days and he says they will be eased earlier if possible. The effective reproduction number of the whole country falling below one, and up doesnt, there is still a considerable number of new infections and the number of infections has not declined at a sufficient level. Barbara officials in afghanistan fear the coronavirus may be more widespread than originally thought after a random sample of residents in the capital found one third had covid19. 500 people were tested for the thanse in kabul with more 150 testing positive. The Health Ministry says itd expects the number of infections to rise sharply. More than 80 have been killed by the disease with the number of cases exceeding 2700. Hundreds of Migrant Workers stranded in the western india state of gujarat have fought with police. [sirens] barbara workers from across india have stuck in the city since covid19 restrictions began in late march. They say the government has not provided them with the food and train tickets home that they initially promised. Government leaders say doctors need time to check infections first. Scientists have made a major breakthrough in the fight against malaria. They have found that a microbe that prevents mosquitoes from being infected with the disease actually stops them from than infecting humans. The microbe is known as microsporidia mb and it lives in the guts and genitals of mosquitoes. Researchers could not find malaria and any of the mosquitoes carrying the microbe. More than 400,000 people are killed by malaria each year, most children under five. It is thought at least 40 of mosquitoes in an area would need to be infected with the microbe to have a serious impact. Earlier, i spoke to Research Scientists at the International Center of insect physiology and ecology. He led the study and he told me his team had made incredible progress. There are two characteristics we found in the microbe that actually give us clues as to what we could use to get it out there. That is vertical transmission, so a mother and fix all of her thepring by inserting microsporidia him into their eggs. That is one way in which the symbiotic can spread into a population. It is also infectious and we have actually found that it can be infected as mosquitoes mate, so we could mass release mail mosquitoes male that dont have the capacity to transmit malaria by any case, it is only transmitted by females, and they can then spread the infection to females that can pass it off to the offspring. There are a number of different ways we could get it out there and that is the focus. We really need new tools in this fight against malaria. We have made incredible progress. Theres been a lot of hardware to get us to where we are, but we are still very far away from where we need to be. Barbara scientists in chile have developed a test that could help diagnose coronavirus patients earlier and for a action of the price. One of the symptoms of covid19 is the loss of sense of smell. Hasersity in santiago developed an aroma kit for suspected victims of the vers. Virus. We went to see how it works. Reporter the sweet aroma of a flower. A pleasure made possible by our sense of smell, which is also one of our least used senses. That is why scientists were late to catch on that an estimated 80 of people who present not obvious symptoms of coronavirus in fact have partial or total loss of smell. Many of them have experienced the anosmia, the loss of olfactory capacity. No other symptoms. No cough, no fever. Just an oz mia. Reporter i fever could be easily detected with a thermometer or thermo graphic camera, but not the lost of smell. School of engineering and center of aroma and taste at the Catholic University at chile have developed a test kit. It consists of six extremely familiar aromas. A person is asked to identify three. You can fail the test and not be infected, but you cant pass if you are. Then you can isolate the some olfactoryws dysfunction and corroborate if this person has covid19. Reporter we went to try it out. I have always prided myself on having a good sense of smell. Now we are going to see. Passed the test. Thank god. The amazing thing about this is it is not only very quick, it is extremely inexpensive, about . 30 per test. That means it is a very viable alternative in countries that cannot afford widespread testing with the classic covid19 examinations. Reporter a Pilot Program is starting this week, but already there is widespread interest in using the kit in areas where there is a high probability of infections. In industries that cant stop, for example like Food Production or hospitals, they can use them frequently. If they dont pass, they can take the traditional test to confirm. Reporter indeed, just like having a High Temperature does not mean you have covid19, losing your sense of smell isnt proof of infection. But the smell test does provide a new, urgent Warning System to help detect those who are spreading the disease without even knowing it. Al jazeera, santiago. Barbara there are growing calls in canada to let more internationally trained doctors support Frontline Health care workers. But that regulations are leading many shut out of their chosen profession. Reporter among all the trainees i have taught at this level, some ear ranks in the top 5 on overall performance. Amir reads a letter of recommendation from a doctor who supervises him as a medical states. R in the united thats the only way this canadian born graduate of a Foreign Medical School could get work experience. With the covid19 crisis placing heavy burdens on canadas hospitals, hes asking why young doctors with foreign qualifications find it almost impossible to work in their own country. Many of us are qualified, very knowledgeable and skilled. We dont want that to go to waste. We want to use it to serve our country. Reporter this doctor ran baghdads largest pediatric hospital, and then worked in was cap. He and his wife, a prominent dentist in iraq and oman, came to canada in 2013 to make sure their children had a stable future. Neither has been able to work. He would have to retrain as a gp, which he cant afford to do, so hes driving for uber to pay the bills. Instead of looking at an xray, i am doing uber x. Anyhow, we have to support the family. Reporter governments in canada defer to medical licensing organizations that maintain they have to be cautious about admitting doctors trained in other countries, but many say foreign training could also be an asset to Canadian Health care. We should not forget that the people who actually get trained in foreign countries, they biggeres receive clinical expanse because they get exposed to various Infectious Diseases that they would never see here in canada. Reporter ontarios medidical