The global success stories. And yet theres a widening gap between education standards across the world. Children in developing countries are around 100 years behind those of industrialized nations. So why is that . Well, many children in developing countries have to work outside of school. And Armed Conflicts can prevent them from attending school regularly. In wealthier countries, young people typically attend school for an average of 12 years. In developing countries, for just 6. 5 years. And there are differences within industrial nations themselves, too. A childs background too often determines their success at school. Poverty can be a huge obstacle when it comes to gaining a good education. Those who can, often spend a lot of money on their kids schooling. Parents spend around 90 billion euros worldwide on extra coaching every year. Partly because theyre afraid their kids wont otherwise make the grade. And so the gap widens. In china too, many parents and kids have one objective when it comes to schooling getting a good leaving certificatem or gaokao. It decides whether they will be wealthy or poor later in life. Reporter zhao ying waits here every day at 3 30 for her sons class to end. She quit her job so that she can spend more time raising xiaoxiao. The sevenyearold spends seven hours a day in school, but thats only part of his education. Zhao ying has organized a schedule of activities for his afternoon. They start at 4 00 p. M. With a talk about the days homework. Zhao i dont look at his grades so much. But i do Pay Attention to his study habits. In first grade, hihis chinese characteters werent v very n. But hes improved. Its hisis attitude towards learning that counts. Reporter like many middle class parents in china, she feels the regular School Curriculum isnt enough for her child. Its common for families to pay for additional classes and tutoring. There must be giant slugs around here. Xiaoxiao there must be giant slugs around here. Reporter xiaoxiaos extrtracurricular lessons incle english, chinese, swimming, exercise, and math. Chinese parents spend an a avere of 15,000 euros annually on private tututoring. Xiaoxiao i have eight minutes to complete this page. Zhao i do think his schedule is very tiring. But children have endless enerey when it comes to doioing thins they like. You just h have to make sure hes in good spirits. When studying gets dull, hell lose interest and you need to stop. Reporter the schools here expect parents to get involved in t the childldrens learning prprocess. Zhao this is the schools app. Reporter using the app, zhao ying gets daily reports from xiaoxiaos teachers on her sons performance and his homework. Zhao in china, homework is a tough job for r the parents. It can give you a heart condition. Reporter by 5 45 p. M. , xiaoxiao has finished his math and english exercises. He and his mother take a break for dinner. His father works 12 hours a day, so xiaoxiao barely sees him during the week. Chinese children are already being trained for their later workload. Xiaoxiao i think i have enough time to play. If i getet my homeworkrk doe quicickly, i have more, but if m too slow, i have l less. Sometimemes i have an n hour a, sometimes 40 minutes or just 20. It d depends. Reporter its time for his evening class, a language and writing course. Chinas technophile society enthusiastically embraces new teaching methods, especiallyf theyre more playful than traditional learning by rote. But zhao ying sometimes asks herself if shes pushing him too far. R. Zhao many children now in cha are excellent stududents. But then thehey fail an importt exam, and they cant deal with the frustratation and they jup off a a rooftop. What matters most to me is to raise a healthy personality. Reporter thats an issue thats much discussed on the internet in china. The competition to enter the best schools and universities is fierce. And there is one thing that has not changeged for generations chinese characters require a lot of practice. By the end of primary school, children are expected to read and write 3500 characters. Practicing those characters is xiaoxiaos fininal task of the day. At 9 30, hes finally done. Bedtime. He just finished 12 hours of studying and activities. Now its sunday. But hes not off today, either. Weekends are the busiest time for tutors. Besides regular school subjects, there is a broad range of subjects that parents can book for their kids. From ballet to chess, art, calligraphy, and even skiing. For children like xiaoxiao, saturdays and sundays can be just as busy as the rest of the week. Xiaoxiaos parents have decided to limit his activities on weekends to one class per day. On sundays, he gets tutored in physical fitness. Guo schools focus on intellectual activities. The space for physical exercise is limited. Most kidids spend a lot of tie sitting and doing homework. They dont have enough time to train their body. Reporter another tough week is over for xiaiaoxiao. No more classes and no more homework. In the afternoon, his parents have Something Special in store. Theyre taking him to a museum. Host whether through apps or virtual realitity, technology s on the rise e in the classssr. Manyny experts belelieve tht acacquiring skilills in the lat technonologies will l be essenl for childrens futures. After all, around two billion lowwlevel jobs are likely to disappear in future as a result ofof increasing automation. And yet, in developing cotrtries, amanyny as ne inn ten chchildren typically lea scho witithoutny sucuch skills. Reporter here, at the tamarind tree school, in the sml coasastal town of f dahanu, chin from t the indigenouous warli e are e arning about social justicanand demoacy. Y. Michel tamarind tree ann initiative that is workingith e mamargalized tribal cocommunies ininahanu who have historicically been dedenied tr riright to healtlth, educationoa dececent living, a access to tr forestst. And this i is a communitity ths at the bottotom ru of ththe society for various reasons. Ththschool is not just a school, itits an expeririment. Hthe its a radadical alternanativo say that e education must be a t social justicece. Togethther along with h this gp of people we are experimtingng wi how o open source tetechnologies can really ing about changentnto educion. N. Rererter this approach means atat the cldrerens milieses dont haveve to buy any y schl bobooks. Tamarirind only useses onlie educational l resources thatate accecessible for f free. Thisis system is k known as on ededucation, which works on te prisise thatighhqualy educatioional materialal and techchnology shoululd be availe to all. The tamarind te e schoollsoo wants the lessons to be fun. Wants the lessons to be fu its radadicalepartutureromo the more hieierarchical system common in indian schools. The School Computers use Opensource Software that is also available for free. The children can then modify it themselvlves. Michchelle young g students e arning to code, theyre lenining to ograram obably a as theyey grow older,r, theyre learning to o make small v vio imation mes, there lening to oducuce ings through e ininteet. The other very important principle inin tamarind treees work i is that, as w we said earlier, we are e part of the on source movement,t, so everythig ononur campus is open. Reporter mimichelleharlrla ad hemamant babu moveved from mumbo dahanunu over 15 yeaears ag. Sisie then, theyve worked clely with theococal cocommunity. Dedetermined notot to turn thiho a charitab institute, the hohool charges t the parts f fe, many of ththe childrenss par. Ininvested ththschool offffers their ildren the chancef f a better lifife. Mant in a a way it is easier r r us because these a firstgeneration learns. S. Sohe p parts of the students, realally, they jusust have fa, they just have t trust that, k whatever thehese guys are doin, they musbe d doing irighght, becacause they didnt have anfa, they just haidea trust that, k repopoer after centuries of discmination, esese chilen ararthe first from the warli tribtoto expernce e thisind ofof respect. Their education will givive thm e opportunity to overcome thele face in inindian society. Host inin our global t tee seseries, we meet t younpeopoe from around the world. Face in inindian society. I i am a global teen. Host this week, our teen comes from india, and hes a big fan of school. Karanraj hi. My name isis karanraj dewasi. My father is a teacher and works in jalore district. He teaches the children social sciences. I love to go t to school becausi get to meet my friends there and i love spending time with them. Also, the teachers at the School Teach Us something new every day, so i really like going to school. In my free time, i like to play cricket. I also like to read books. And i like to ride camels. Sometimes i also take the buffaloes out to graze. I think pollution is the biggest problem in the world at the moment. Pollution is harming our farmland. Our plants, the crops, are unable to grow properly. Carbon dioxide is increasing because we dont have enough plants to take it up. I like how my parents and grandparents used to live. They stayed healthy, they didnt get sick often. They ate desi ghee, and they drank buffalo and camel milk. Camel milk doesnt cause diabetes. Nowadays, all people do is run after money half their life. Then they spend the other half of their life curing themselves of diseases. Host around 260 babies are born every minute. How things then go for them is determined by their background, their place of birth, and the medical care they receive. Every year, around a million infants die within a day of being born. The highest mortality rates are found in african countries. Thats why doctors in madagascar are focusing on training midwives. Reporter crowds wait in anticipation for the arrival of dr. Zavaniarivo rampanjato. She supervises 30 Healthcare Centers in the highlands of madagascar. She wants to improve the healthcare available to pregnant women in this area. Dr. Zava no need to be afraid, it wont hurt. Reporter this expectantnt motr has never had an ultrasound scan. Dr. Zava, as shes known here, has brought the equipment with her. She and her team work for the Nonprofit Organization doctors for madagascar. Not even the midwives here are familiar with the ultrasound equipment. So understandably, many of the pregnant women need reassuring. Dr. Zava there are still some who are afraidid of it because they have to be affirmed that there is no impact for the baby. But they are still afraid, how about the baby . It might be dangerous. But we still inform them. But for some people its a joy for them to come to see the baby. Of course many of the women are very happy when they see the baby for the first time. And theyre also happy that these checkups are free of charge. Reporter dr. Zava is providing traiaining for the midwives. One focal point is the importance of hygiene, which is vital for the health of both mother and child. But the midwives are also learning more about what they need to do during the birth. Ththe midwives often only have basic medical knowledge. By providing them with additional training, ngo doctors for madagascar wants to improve the standard of prenatal care at the health center. In this way, potential complications can be recognized earlier. Doctors for madagascar has also set up a Digital Health insurance system. Its c called mtomamady. Its particularly helpful for the pregnant women. They pay three euros a month into the insurance scheme. They then get free prenatal checkups, and all the hospital costs for the birth are also covered. The womens mobile phone sim card is their membership i. D. Dr. Zava and her team are going to visit a pregnant woman who wants to join the insurance scheme. If an emergency were to crop up in this remote region, there would be very few families who could afford to pay for transport to the hospital. This mother wants to use her new sim card to transfer the equivalent of five euros to mtomady. After that, shell pay three euros a month. Whatever customers pay in gets automatically doubled thanks to donations from germany. Once theyve built up a credit of 30 euros, their medical care is covered. Dr. Zava we havave shown her tt her money is increased with a bonus,s, and she have now in hr account 30,000 ariari, in the account. So we prove it to her the money is there. Repoporter thats nearlrly 10 euros, so shes already one third of the way there. In the evevening, the teteam res to the capapital antanananari. Dr. Zazava uses the e time dug the drivive to plan whwhere she needs s to visit the n next d. A short distance from the ntnter thehe thr milliliontrong ty, she arrives at the officeo. The organization was set up eight years ago and now employs 30 people, including doctors, midwives, anand i. T. Specialiss like noelson laiafarke. His team is working to improve the digital platform for mtomady, which records all the insurance payments and medical treatments. German physician Julius Emmrich is one of the founders of doctors s for madagascar. He set up the mtomady platform two years ago. Dr. Emmrich weve been totally surprised at how many have joined. We have more women and families using it than we expected, and were also getting requests from hospitals, including ones in completely different parts of the capital and others outside the city too, all wanting to use the system. We think it is great. Reporter mtomadylrlready hs 6000 payining members. And now the e government o of a has also expxpressed intereresn this Health Insurance scheme. Host health care, secury, a sosocial networkrk as manys four billion people worldwide have no accecess to such b bac protection. Those with the lowest levels of education are most at risk. In brazil, casual trash pickers are e now being given the chane torarain as ficicial wte sorters stead. Reporter this patch of land 20 kilometers outside the capital brasilia used to be the biggest landfill site in latin america. Last year the dump was closed, and the 60meterhigh mountain of garbage was covered with earth. Construction waste is still being dumped there, although thats illegal. The National Waste policy aims to eradicate landfills and promote e recycling, with residl waste either incinerated or going to sanitary landfills that protect the environment. But there are still 2500 open landfill sites across the country. Lucia fernandes worked here as a waste picker for 20 years, mainly at night. She supported her four children by selling anything of value she found. They used to live in a shantytown right beside the dump. Lucia we were always in a struggle with the trucks, the bulldozers, and with more than 1000 other people working here. It was survival of the fittest. You took as much as you could get. And for women, it was very challenging. People lost their lives while working here. Its very tough. Reporter at first, Lucia Fernandes was very much against the closure of the garbage dump. She had little faith in the city authorities pledge to provide jobs for some 750 trash pickers in new recycling facilities. But now that is where she works, and she has changed her mind. Lucia i never thought i might one day have a real job. Me, a simple waste picker, with nono rights and no social insurance. And now i work here. I even have an office. If only it paid a little better, it would be perfect. Reporter she used to earn four times as much scavenging on the old dump. She and her colleagues now belong to a cooperative that operates one of the recycling facilities. What they earn depends on how much trash they sort. On average, only about 200 euros a month so far, because for now, not enough waste is delivered to the facility. Lucia fernandes is a supervisor. She makes sure the work is done properly. Lucia if there arent enough people working on the conveyor belt, a lot of recyclable material gets through. Then we have to check it to make sure things dont end up in residual waste that dont belong there. If i s see that happening, i pt more people on at the end of the belt. Reporter the process is set to become more efficient, with the help of some students from the university of brasilia. Until recently, their professor, paulo celso dos reis gomes, was Deputy Director of the municipal Sanitation Authority. He helped restructure brasilias Waste Management systems. Paulo everybody is collecting something different. Shes sorting out glass bottles. Shes sorting out plastic bottles. Further along, somebody is pulling out the cardboard. Its possible that the process could be made more efficient if the positions were switched around. Thats something we need to tetest. Reporter but not all the trash delivered here to be sorted can be recycled. Much of it has to be disposed of. The aim of the program is to increase the proportion of waste that can be recycled. Paulo everything that can be sorted and sold is returned to the production chain, to the recycling industry. It doesnt end up being dumped. So were saving the cost of taking it to the landfill, extending the lifespan of that site, and reducing emissions. Reporter this is brasilias new landfill site. Far more waste is ending up here than planned. One mountain of garbage is complete and being covered with earth. The pit for a second one has been lined with waterproof sheeting to protect the groundwater from contamination. The plan is to capture the gas produced by the decomposing waste and use it. In brazil, Greenhouse Gas emissions from the waste sector have continued to rise dramatically in recent years. The German Development agency giz is advising brasilias Sanitation Authority on how to reduce emissions. Marcio were investing in expanding Waste Sorting and the composting of organic waste. That will allow us to reduce the volume of residual waste and thereby, methane emissions as well. At the same time, we aim to raise Public Awareness so pepeoe sort their recyclable trash. Porter prprofessor r paulo ds reis has orgrganized a a crossdisciplinary sememinar t the university. 90 students from various fields are working on developing sustainable Waste Management solutions. Paulo one approach is to make Waste Sorting more efficient. Another is to focus on technology. Trucks, sensors, logistics. Others aim to raise environmental awareness. How can the public be involved more closely in the Waste Recycling process . Reporter the Program Brings students together r with representatives of the municipal sanitatation authority, the recycling cooperativesanand also commercial enterprises. In cooperation with gigiz, the university of brasilia is setting up a Postgraduate Program in Waste Management. Among brazils cities, the capital has taken the lead in developing a sustainable Waste Management strategy. Waste sorting and collection have just been expanded across the city. Lucia fernandes is optimistic about her future. Therell now be more waste delivered to her cooperative to sort, and that means she and her colleagues will soon be earning more. Hohost thats a all from us s time. Whatat did you f find particuly educational about the program . Let us know, global3000 dw. Com. See you next week. 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