We try to live in the moment, to not miss whats right in front of us. At mutua of america, we believe taking care of tomorrow can help you make the mostf today. Mutual of arica financial group, retirement seices and investments. For 25 years, consumer cellulars goal has been to provide Wireless Service thats people communicate andec connt. We offer a variety of u. S. Based Customer Service team can help find one that fits you. To learn more, visit www. Consumercellular. Tv. Additional support has been provided by and by the corporation for public broadcasting, a private corporation funded by thepe americanle. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Sreenivasan good evening, and thanks for joining us on this weekend before thanksgiving, states d local governments across the country are reimposing curfews, trying again to slow the spread of the coronavirus as the number of cases continues to break records. There are now more than 12 million reported cases in the united stateias of this mong, with nearly 200,000 new cases recorded yesterday, o according te new york times. Some states, including new york and ohio, have alreimadsed a 10 00 p. M. Curfew. In california, a limied stay athrder with a 10 00 p. M. Curfew for nonessential gatherings wilbegin tonight for dozens of counties, which cover mostaof the state. Out and delivery for restaurants and Grocery Store visits will still be allowed. W ses in california have more than doubled in the past two weeks and hospitalizations have increased 46 , according to the new york times. Globally, the virus is also still spreading. N tehran today, officials imposed new restrictions on travel and nonessential businesses for much of iran as the country grapples with a third wave of infections. In mexico city, Rapid Testing kiosks are being setp as the country recently surpassed 100,000 deaths. D mexicoth toll is fourth highest in the world behind the united states, brazil and india. President elect joe biden and Vice President elect Kamala Harris met with transition advisers in wilmington, delaware, today. They had no public events. There are recounts under way, including in two wisconsin counties. Other states are finalizing their vote counts in preparation for the Electoral College to formally announce its decision on december 14. The Trump Campaign legal Team Continues to pursue lawsuits challenging ballots in several stat aes, losiost all of them so far. President trump insists with no evidence that he actually won, saying it again ywhesterday at a e house announcement on Prescription Drug pricing. The president has made few publ s appearancescehe election. Today, he went to his Virginia Golf Club again after attending this years 20eaders summit, which is being held virtually. Secretary of state mike pompeo with plans to attempt to restart negotiations for peace in afghanistan. The talks between representatives from the democraticallyelected government of afghanistainand taliban rgents have been frozen over a procedural disagreement for months now. Earlier thiseek, it was reportedhat officials on both sides were in communication and negotiations might resume. The talks have taken on increaseurgency in light of the pentagons recent announcement of plans to reduce u. S. Trrooop levels4,500 to 2,500 in january. Meanwhile, in kabul, afghanistan today, rocket attacks struck residential areas near the afghani capitals green ze. At least eight people were killed and dozens more taken to the hospital wh rious injuries. The Islamic State in afghanistan claimed responsibility for the attack. According to a pentagon watchdog report, attacks in afghanistan have increased by 50 in the period between july and september of this year from earlier in the year. For the latest national and international news, visit www. Pbs. Org newshour. S enivasan tens of thousands of hondurans have been damage caused by hurricane iota. The storm struck honduras earlier thek as a category four hurricane with sustained r. Winds of 155 miles per h rain from the storm flooded neighborhoods and swelled tvers. Iota whe second category four hurricane to hit this part of Central America in two weeks. Hurricane eta caused more than 13deaths and triggered mudslides as it made its way across the region. Iota is the 30th named storm of the atlantic Hurricane Season, topping off a record year that resultedn the National Hurricane center resorting to the gre as this record Hurricane Season officially comes to a close at to understand more about whatsd been discovered about the connection between cl eate change atreme weather events like hurricanes. I recently spoke with kevin reat, an associate professo Stony Brook University who leads the Schools Climate extremes modeling group. I began bysking him how scientists are teasing out the effect of Climate Change on individual storms when storms make landfall, they make an impact. They have hazards. Things like storm surge, high wind speeds and rainfall, right . Because extreme rainfall can cause flooding. And so, one of the things we can do is, we can use stateofthe art dels that are used for forecasting storms, and we can run these under different conditions that have Climate Change todate in the signal or removed. And so, we basically come up with two sets of reality. Sreenivasan so, youre taking a forecast like we would see on the weather channel, and yore saying at are the impacts that Climate Change could have on this storm . And then, we take a t kind of two outcomes with the rain and withouthe rain thats tributable to Climate Change . Yes. And so, anher way to put it is, we run a forecast just like we typically would; the difference is, we also run a forecast in which weve removed the climate signal todate, right . N so, in theth atlantic, thats approaching over one to two degrees fahrenheit. Increased in temperature over the last 150plus years due to humaninduced Climate Change. And we can remove that signal and we can rerun the forecasts. And so, we basically have two sets of forecasts, one we call the actual forecastright the kind of the re forecast as well as the one in which we have thicounterfactual which weve removed warming. Sreenivasan when you look at a orm , say, for exampke hurricane laura now what does this type of modeling tell us . Yeah, so this type of modeling tells us that what we call the maximum accumulated rainfall amount, which is just the fancy way of saying how much rain fell during the lifetime of the storm. Were seeing increases of 5 to example of hurricane laura, wen had abou12 inches of rainfall in some regions. And so, thats an increase of about an inch in some cases of rainfall. Trso, were uting how mu rainll in an individual hurricane is d to Climate Change. Sreenivasan when you are looking out into the future, are we likely to see more storms or more intense storms or both . Yeah, so thats to some extent an open question still. And the consensus is that there will be a decrease or the number of hurricanes, for example, globally will remain about the same or decrease. What that means for individual basins like the north atlantic is a ltle bit harder to understand, in part because variability from y year,tural right . But we do know our models do tell us that the storms are becoming more intense both in terms of the the maxim wind speed but also in the amount of rainfall. We eseect about a 5 7 increa in rainfall within tropical cyclones, within hurrevanes for y degree celsius of warming that we have and so, if you see in the north atlantic, right, if we were to Flash Forward 50 years and the north atlatic is now two or three degrees warmer than it is now, then you could start to pect upwards of over 10 , maybe approaching 20 increases in trocal cyclone rainfall. Sreenivasan what are the data sets that youre looking at now that youwill help refine the way that you model things, the way that people can prepare goinarg fo i mean, is there a way that we could look at hurricane forecasts when were watching tv before the storm sets in and realize that this is going to be worse each time because of all of these other factors of Sea Level Rise and Ocean Temperatures warming . Yeah, these type of analysis in which were able to kind of quantify the impact of climate as well as other extreme weather events has definitely increased in sophistication, meaning each time we do these type of things, like most things in life, were gettilyng better at anazing the data. Were getting quicker turnaround in terms of running simulations. And i think that in the future,u we have a system in which were doing that real time. Not only are we exploring the impact of Climate Change on the storm that occurred to date but also providing some future, a peek into the future. W whld the storm look like under one or two or three additional degrees of warming . And i think that that would help bothnform decision making, right, to see, okay, this storm was was really impactful. How much worse would this storm be in the future . But also, it allows us to communicate that the impacts of Climate Change are not 100 years off. The impacts of Climate Change they are changing the weather around us, and they are having a real impact on society through that. Sreenivasan all right. Kevin reed, associate professor at Stony Brook University, thanks so much for joining us. Great. Thks for having me. Senivasan last week, new york citys administration r Childrens Services published a survey that found that more than a thityrd of kids in the foster system identified as lgbtq. The se survey found that lgbtq baced in group homes thanly to with foster families. Otieher stthroughout the country show that these yout are overrepresented in the foster system. To learn more about this issue, newshour weekend correspondent yvewitte feliciano spok mary keane, a Senior Advisor at you gotta believe, a new yorkbased organization that specializes id placing fosterwith permanent families. Reporter so, mary, starting off, what was your reaction to the findings from the survey published last weeby the administration for Childrens Services . So, there is reallyothing surprising in it. Nf thismation is known. Working with these young people, theyre aware of the increasing care. R of teenagers who are in and in that population, we all know that there are lgbtq kids, d they have what i call a double whammy. You know, they have sort of extra strules beyond what the average teenager has. Reporter in your experience, why do so many lgbtq youth end in foster care . So challenges that other kids have who wind up in foster cice family dyn family struggles, family trauma. And then, in afaition, theres ly rejection, families who just dont know how to handle a kid when they come out and identify. And thats you know, i mean, we may be in new york and we may think were very sophisticated anstuff like that, but theres still a lot of people who have a reporter and once theyre in the foster care system, what are the unhallenges that lgbtq youth face . So, i think, again, to emphasize, all kids in care, i think, face chalnges. Its nt a good place to be. Teenagers face special challenges because theyre just labeled. Theyre seen as problems. Theyre seen as, you know, tubd kids. People who take kids, you know, as foster parents arentften willing to take teenagers in general. And then, you know, you say, ll, theyre lgbtq on top of that, and they really dont want to deal with it. They frequently wind up in Residential Treatment Centers or group homes because they dont have families that are willing to take them. And the lgbtq youth, where theyre not in a specific lgbt group home, they face challenges from peers who may not be very accepting ofhem. Reporter so, what happens to these young people once they age out of the fostecare system . So, again, its itseally very similar to kids, all kids who age out without a family. They wind up overrepresented in jails. Incarceration rates are very high. Homelessness that was in the article, too. The percentage of lgbtq kids in the homeless populat great majority of which had been in any yoh who ages out of the dystem without a family is unlikely to succ. Reporter how does your organizationyou gotta believe, help lgbtq youth and support them when theyre in the foster care system . Any youth that we work with and its, for us its the samen were ng them a family. Nothing else matters. If they cannot be reunified with their birth family and thats the first attempt then you try to find someone in their circle. And they you know, theyre older kids; they know a lot of people. You try boto find so there who can be a parent for them. And if not, we have people who come in i call them random families who are interested in parenting older kids. Re and so, were them. We train them. Alurof our trainers, all of Program Staff actually are adoptive parents and alumni of the systems. So, werethis is all very personal for us. And this applies to whether the youth are lgbtq or straight kids, or if theyre not even sure what they are yet. F ouilies are taught they have to unconditionally cmit to a child thats placed with them. Repo and you yourself are a foster parent. Yes. Reporter you know, from your own personal experience, what are the takeaways about youth in the foster care systemt and hey really need to thrive outside of the system . What i learned from the kids, because i didnt learn it in my traing, i learned from the kids what they needed was someone to really just love them. And thats a term thats not used in the business a lot. Love is whaheals trauma. Love is what heals kids. Love is what heals people. So, what they needed wasomeone who was committed to them, who saw them for who they were, who accepted them completely. It didnt matter what their Sexual Orientation was. Thyve lost their family not because of anything theyve done, and they deserve to have a new family an additional faealy,y, usually, because they still maintain their families, but they ,have a n committed family that will be there for them for a lifetime. Reporter mary keane, Senior Consultant at you gotta believe, thank you so much for joining us. Thank you for having me. Sreenivasan readers and fans wont infind earthshatt details in Art Garfunkels book, what is all but luminous notes from an underground man. But, in the year since its publication, the singersgwriter and author, who turn79 this month, does have some fresh insight on his life as the worlds most famous duos and his longtime relationship with paul sim. Newshour weekends Christopher Booker has more. Hello darkness, my old friend ive come to talk with you again. Reporter after so many year and so many shows, and so many questions about his relationship with his onagain offagain partner, Art Garfunkel has in recent years been working on securing his side of the story. Whether in his 2017 book, what is all but luminous notes from an underground man or thes ocional interview, garfunkel is talking. His book was released inefore paperback. I was very nervous coming here to do erthis iew, that this is all very serious stuff. Theres a lot of people outer i want them to to like me. In my opinion, ive e en under dar all my professional life. Its time to say who is artun gal . When youre weary. Reporter while seemingly not interested in the complete retelling of his life, garfunkel is indeed offering notes that, when put together, can be nsidered part memoir and part diary. When i was five, i knew i could sing i sang in the alleyway in our house in queens. I sang wherever there were wherever there was good reverb tiled rooms, hallways, school. When the kids would finish school and leave, i would linger in the hallway to sing. And i discovered had a nice voice, and i went very private with it. And when i found paul simon three blocks away at age 11, i found the same kind of turnedon new york kid working on Getting Better and better at somethi, the guitar. We were natural mates we have ndwarmer timesolder times. The fact that hes this queens fellow whos so damn different from me and that we made a togetherness is a hell of a trick. Reporter for those hoping for tumultuous relationship th simon, garfunkel inot ready to go there, st iickitead to the content of this book. And you yourself say, you know, if youre looking for the big, deep biography, thats not this ok. That book is coming. Yeah. Reporter so, is that book coming . Yeah. Ill get to that. It was great joy to write this. It it really suited me. I felt, early in the game, im a write i can do this. So, ill do it again, and and ill go into simon and garfunkel more. Reporter what garfunkel is offering right now are broad contemplations about his life and how his work may be remembered, Big Questions that for gaunkel started to ring a bit louder in recent years as he struggled with the loss and recovery of his singing voice. Well, when i couldnt sing, i began to sit at the round table in my place and started working on this thing. That became an alternate. So, thats a big part of why i wrote it. I cant sing, im still creative. Reporter and did it change the way you think of your own legacy . Legacy. Ha ive heardword. They like that word a lot these days. I dont have a legacy. I dont know what that means. I have a wife and kids. I have a family. I know what that means. What is my legacy . The world and all of its glamorous stars is a hit parade. They come up, and then they go down, except for j. S. Ch. He seems to stay up there. But im discouraged that how weo certain people and then it fades. Ive heard k ids sanatra . Whos sinatra . They never heard that word. I take this very poorly. I want them to think simon and garfunkel has they were indelible, we did something tha has value throe decades. Reporter and you really question if gatng to be the case with those records that you made back then . Well, you know, its everythings here and gone. Thats why i used thtra example. You mean we forgot that name . Its kind of all here and gone. Reporter but isnt that everything, anyway . And isnt it discouraging . Reporter i dont i dont know. Im of two minds. On one handfe, that it is discouraging. On the other hand, i feel like its freeing. Its freeing. Reporter because why suffer . Were here to do our work, and if the tree falls in the woods, maybe someones there to hear it. Were here to do our work. Is the work worthwhile or worthless . Lets say its worthwhile. Is it good . Is it very good . Is it extraordinary . Is it worth saving among civilization . Do we want to save it like we saved beethoven . It really worthwhile . Thats a key question, certainly when im recording. Reporter i contend, thoug that 100 yeafrom now, people are still going to be listening to the sound of silence. Well, thank you. Well see. And whispered in the sound. Reporter these questions e, of course, impossib to answer, bu at th the questions that busy garfunkels mind. And do you think that e artistry that comes with singing, does that allow you to to quiet these thoughts and feelings . Yes, it does. s another place. When you sing, as youre in the very first line of the song, youre in another place. Its peaceful. Ie its bng that somethings worthwhile. Giving beauty to the line is a worthwhile activity. Its another place. I have a photograph preserveyour memories theyre all tha s left yo cheers d applause thiens is pbs newshour we saturday. Sreenivasan t teenager accuseof killing two people in minneapolis during protests over the poli soting of jacob blake was released from jail yesterday. Ing a 2 million bail shortly after leaving jail, a photo of kylrittenhouse posing with actor ricky hroder was tweeted by member of rittenhouses defense team. He faces charges of intentional homicide, Reckless Endangerment and being a minor in possession of a firearm. Rittenhouse clailf he fired in efense. He is due back in court for a preliminary hearing on december 3. Announced the discovery of another remarkable find in the ruins of thfe italian city pompeii today. The site is currently closed to visitors because of the excavations areontinuing. He in t past few weeks, archaeologistsncovered the ally wellpreserve skeletons of two men who died in the volcanic eruption that destroyed the ancient roman city almost 2,000 years ago. The remains were found northwest of the center of pompeii, in an underground chamber in what was a large villa. translated the two victims found in the last days e an incredible an extraordinary testimony of that morning when the eruption took place. Sreenivasan scientists believe one of the men was in still had traces of a wool cloak indicating he may have been of high stat. The second man has traces of a tunic and has a crushed vertebrae, which experts believe is evidenche was a slave who did heavy labor. Buried pompeii and its 13,000 residents under ash, rock and dust. Until the 1600s, and four contue to show life as it wasns in pompeii when it was frozen in time. Sreenivasan well have more tomorrow on the president ial transition, how countries are uscoping with the coronav pandemic, and more national and international news. Thats all for this edition of pbs newshour weekr end. E latest news updates, visit www. Pbs. Org newshour. Im hari sreenivas. Thanks for watching. Stay healthy and have a good night. Captioning sponsored by wnet captioned by Media Access Group at wgbh access. Wgbh. Org pbs newshour weekend is made possible by suanedgar wachenheim iii. The Anderson Family fund. Bernard and denise schwartz. The cheryl and Philip Milstein family. Barbara hope zuckerberg. The leonard and norma klorfinen ation. Charles rosenblum. We try to live in the moment, to not miss whats right in front of us. At mutual of america, we believe taking care of tomorrow can help you make the most of todalay. Muf america financial group, Retirement Services and invetments. Additional support has been provided by 6consumer cellular. And by the corporation for public broadcasting, a private corporation funded by the american people. And nsby contributioo your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Youre watching pbs. Announcer major funding for a salute to vienna was prided by trafalgar. Announcer explore the world. Meet local people. Uncover hidden treasures. 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