The freeman foundation. By judy and Peter Blum Kovler foundation; and by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Bbc world news bbc world news this is this is bbc world news america. Round of the coronavirus, italy and spain impose restrictions. The u. S. Supreme court taking its biggest step towards comfort conservatism inwi 30 yethir the mation of Amy Coney Barrett. A key election promise, what happened to the president s border wall . He thought if kept it, he would get reelected. Five patches why patches of inou waterld take us closer to a permanent bason the moon. Welcome to world news america. Leaders across europe are scrambling to contain a second wavef corovirus infections and several countries have put new restrictions in place. In spain a there is n nationwide overnight curfew. In early in italy, gyms, pools, cinemas have shut. Cafes will close at 6 p. M. France set a new daily record for Coronavirus Infections on ecsunday, and in the republic aartial lockdown is in place. Field hospitals have now been set up. In a moment we will hear from our correspondent in italy but first we go to madrid. A state of emergency again, the same legal mechanig is beed, same as in the spring. The measures introduced under it, its not the same Type National lockdown we saw in the spring. However we do have a curfew as of last night that in most places lasted until 6 00 in the morning, though there is some leeway there depending on the region you are in. There is a new rule of 6 limiting the number of people who can gather together aton any time. Local authorities are now being given extra power so they can feel are necessary in whichever part of the country is seeing a particularly high infection rate we are likely to see more local governmen. Ng introduced by the Catalan Government is talking about the possibility of ake w lockdown, combining people just over the weekends to their homes. There have now protests that have broken out over the last few days. More arelanned for this evening over these measures. That is one ofhe reasons, really, why government is reluctant to go to a full lockdown now. Ey are trying targeted measures. Mehow you the restaurants, let bars, and cafes that line the piazza. They will have to stop serving tables from 6 00 p. M. , it will be only take away service from midnight. Gyms, pools, theaters and cine. S, closed tod italians are being asked to go around only if really needed. They are trying t this hopes of avoiding a Second National lockdown. European leaders strugglinhe witheed to keep their economies going, but also of urse the issue of publi health as well. Democrats mounted a lastditch attempt to block the choice for the u. S. Supreme court in donald trump, but republicans are united in their support for amy coneyarrett. There are big cases coming up in just the next couple of weeks and joining me now, our correspondent from capitol hill. Wasta inee that the democrats would find themselves in this position. There was nothing they could do to block this appointment . For sure. The rublicans do have a slim majority, but that is all they knew they need to push th nomination through. She will become the third or is likely to become the third juice to be approved by donald pump, something his base is going to be quiased about. A huge victory, then, for President Trump. Talk about some of the cases coming up in which she may be a deciding vote to rule in a more conservative way. Yeah, well there are a number of cases scheduled before the preme court. Theres a big case around obamacarearthe affordable act, but also immigration and lgbtq rights. The thing democrats are reallyis concerned abouhether or not she could have a deciding, decision should the election ore the results of the election come before the Supreme Court. Ere are also a number o cases making their way to the Supreme Court around voting happening at the moment, suchs how long states have to count mailin ballots like pennsylvania, north carolina, and wisconsin, they their way to the Supreme Court. Thats the concern democrats have. Whatn, indicatf any at all, on how she would rule particularly on the issue of the election if it is closend gets challenged . Remember, she battered away question after question on how she might rule on any of these issues e said it would be inappropriate for her to give any kindme of comment on ing that wasnt before her, thatfon the able care act she made the point she is not against a the Affordable Care act but did not allow herself to be drawn on what her decision might be. I think a lot of people imagine that having been put forward by donald trump that favor ati conser outlook. Certainly, she does align with her mentor, anto in scalia a, d a more conservative view of the constitution, a more literal viewing than some democrats would like. Thank you very much. Eight days to go until the u. S. Al election. When donald trump was elected four years p ago it was t because he promised to crackdown on illegal immigration. Specifically with the omise to build a border wall in mexico. A promise at has gone mostly unkept. How is immigration affecting this election . To american idealism. O barrier but on earth, how best towh protec it means to be an is an impregnable barrier a good option . I think it says you can tear down the statue of liberty. Close shop. A nation of settlers that for some is turning on outsiders as America Votes outsiders. As America Votes, immigration is high on theke ballot. We so those who see the immigration wall as a betrayal. Border ll is a betrayal. I see it as a betrayal. I see it on a daily basis and it just hits you. If it comes down to it, im coming home. Build a wall. The been asked benefit beneficiary maybe happens to be izona. It is the iconic idea of trumps america. And this, cowboys and big skies, part of the iconography of america. Bill mcdonalds ranch and arizona is just a few miles from the border with mexico. Illegal immigration and Drug Trafficking are live issues here. For him, a republican, billions spent on a border wall is a mate waste of money. People think when you build a wall, you solve a problem. You can do it with technology and it well. Edlitically, he was determ to keep his promise. Im not crazy about everything that crosses the border, but im not crazy about everybody that lives here, either. There are go people and bad people. It takes a few hou to sort the calves for sale, headed for oklahoma. They will never see their mothers again, but thats business. Over 500 children remaid separa from their families. Building a big ball is only critics in congress and human Rights Groups claim that migrants were being treated likr cattle undhe zero tolerance child separation policy. Eventually his administration was forced to change course. Secure borrs are a necessity. We saw drug cartel spotters across the wall in mexico, checking to see if the coast was clear. These ones went that way. Tim foley often spots them, videoing the mules camouflaged with bks covered in drugs. From his remote base in southern arizona, he leads a group of armed volunteers who patrolled abt border. Patrol the border is america is a border wall making america greater . Giving up evething that hera knew in sanisco to come to arona. What are you in for . Atwh about this situation gets you so angry . Didnt trust the government or the media to tell the actual trhat is going on. But what is the truth . There is ather group of volunteers on the border. They are from a charity that leaves water and Food Supplies c for peopssing over from mexico, asylumseekers reaching for a better life. They also help families find relatives who have gone missing crossi the border. Wh so at are the kinds of things you have come across on the trails . Many times we find remains, skeletal remains. Of borderowrossers. You evidence of a persons life. Love letters. A lot of rosaries. In this one area, the remains of 181 people who have been found this year. You s young people, old, peoperybody. You see the families. The families just reach out to usng, desperately looor their loved ones. Retheyn unimaginable pain and anguish. Often, their worlds collide. H e is one thing they both agree on. What is the tattoo . One of the horsemen of the apocalyp. Its when they coming. Its my view of the border. Ardeath alnd. Donald trumps wall speaks to us all. We project onto it our own values. Millions of americans this election season casng their own votes. Bbcth news, sn arizona. Big emotions on both sides of the border. The world is always interestedin merican elections, but few will be watching more closely than this one. Allies and adversaries alike are inen to know who is going to and whether they need to prepare for a new administration. Mike pompeo and mark esper are on a swing through asia, tryg to build an effective u. S. Counterweight to china. Joining me now, barbara, with a week to go before the election, this feels like squeezing in a trip right at the end. Is it that a port that important for them . They have played down the timing because of their regular strategic costs, and this one was delayed because of covidnd now they say they have found a time the works and are seizing on it. But they are seizing on it partly bause indias china policy is seen as a natural counterbalance and isolating china has been a policy focus of the Trump Administration and the campaign for recent months. R it is working sure. This is a live issue for india remember the flareup they had earlier this year, the deadlyey flareup ad on the border with china. Equally, they dont want to be seen as a frontline state against china. They have to work withhina. While they will be welcoming to the americans, they are wary of being in a tugofwar between the u. S. And beijing. Barbara, keeping and i on the u. S. Election, what a change of administration make much difference to india . The leader of india is a nationalist populist, like President Trump, so he has had a Good Relationship with mr. Trump. Underis a biden admation he could expect to come under more pressureca domesy regarding his hardline nationalist policies, but the basic contours and cornerstones of the relationship, least a the same. There have been reports in the u. S. Press just today, that there are certain people who if donald trump wins might lrave the adminion and mark expert mark esper is one of them. Have you heard of any top officials whoight be changing . And why some of them and not others . I have only heard the reports that you have heard and i can only speak from what i know about mr. Pompeo, who has been a very stalwart ally of President Trump. He has very much presented himself as somebody who does what trump wants and any time whether or not theuestions about contradictions between what he says and what mr. Trump says h says, that no in fact, there arent. He has been very much on the front leg with mr. Trump and very much one of the hawks pith regards icies like relating to china. Although mr. Trump has gone hot and cold on china over the past four years, mr. Pompeo has very much mean someone who has been publiclyggressive with china as mr. Trump has taken that sition more during this Election Campaign and i think on that score, if it changed, if mr. Biden saw i itould be seen as a more publicly aggressive pose. Thank you for joining us. A lot of countries watching to see if china policy might change in the u. S. Quickly, other news now from around the world. France has called on countries in the middle eas not to boycott their goods after protests against president macrons defense over the right to show cartoons of the prophet mohammed. French products have been removed from se shops, with antifrench demonstrations. Fighting extradition to the u. S. On charges of bank fraud, the latest hearing here focusing on alleged abuses of the process during the arrest in canada two years ago. The u. S. Wants him to stand trial on charges leg meeting to the violation over sanctions against iran. Timore to come on this prenram. The presof chi lay says it is a triumph of ch chile says it is a triph to overwrite the constitution. Thousands of workers and students in belarus ar taking part in a National Strike today as president lukashenko refuses calls to resign. There have been ongoing protests since he claimed victory in august, the elections widely vieweds rig. Rig. Ged. Picket lines outside ngctories, students protes, some profeors joining the strike. Lots of pitches on social media, pizza delivery compaes and hairdressers, hanging up signs saying closed for siness today in solidarity with the strike. It is an attempt by the opposition to up the pressure, to increase the pressure on the economy and on lukashenko, to call for him to step down. Whether or not the strike contain cold could ta hold, it will be difficult to get it to catch on successfully there h been an overwhelming vote in shn chile to rewrite theountrys constitution. Here is how south america correspondent. Chileans were out on the street celebrating, even before the results had come in. So sure they were of a resounding yes vote. Projected onto building was the word rebirth. Because this is how people here feel. This referendum has said gtadbye to a dicrship era constitu new beginning that chileans say is more fitting for a modern democracy. This is the foundation for everything. We will keep gng, we will keep fighting for this always. When the results came in, the president said that peoples voices have been heard. But the hard work is still to come. This plebiscite is not the end. It is the beginning of a path we must all walk together to agree on a constitution for chi lay. From today, we must all Work Together so that the new constitution is the great framework of unity, stability, and the future. This has been a turbulent year for chi lay chi. Wimasking deep inequalitiein society. Antigovernment protests erupted a year alling for better access to services, including health and education. From the very beginning protesters called for the constitution to be sapped and replaced with one that will respect all chileans. Not just a privileged few. Sunday was a day of hopehi. Oric moment that millions had waited in line for, to cast their vote. This is not just any sunday, it is a historic sunday. Todais the day that she lay has awakened chile has awakened. The new draft will be put to another referendum in 2022. A its ng process, not one that everyone is convinced will good for the economy and for stability. There is th fear that changing the constitution will bring stability. I dont know, i have doubts. There is a re desire to fix this troubled country. Democracy in action in chile in a time of covid. Nasa hasha announcedthere could be more water on the surface of the moon than pockets of ice may cover the surface, patch that may have gone without sunlight for billions of years. A Permanent Base onews. Building on the moon. We are right where we want to be. Looksike a great place. We have mapped every boulder and crater, but a series of discoveries today showing that the moons surface h been hiding an abundant supply of water. One of the discoveries comes from a telescope on board a modified boeing 747. By flying above 94 of the earths atmosphere, it has a clear review of the solar system anpicked up a telltale signature of water molecules on the surfe. Researchers mapped shadowed areas where water might be stored permanently. Is that actually the water could be trapped in slightly more easy to access areas. This is really important, especially if we want to send crude emissions crewedmo missions to th. Especially to making it safe for those involved. Gre distance. It will be a boost for the plan to send the first woman and the next m to the moon in 2024. Future missions will aim to establish a base there as a gatewato explore the rest of the solar system. The next generation wilhave t be far more sustainable, finding and learning to use natural sources. Plans to return to the moon are already in progress. These discoveries raise the tantalizingbi posty that our natural satellite isnt just somewhere to visit, but a place to stay. T the ws year has gone, maybe that seems likeid good. In shanghai, an old primary school. Making way for a new commercial center. Those were little legs that engineers put on it, 200 of the wackiest picture we have narrator funding for this presentation of this program is provided by. Language specialists teaching spanish, french and more. Raymond james. The freeman foundation. Pursuing solutions for americas neglected eds. And by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like thank you. Narrator youre watching pb vo ready to watch the best of anytime, ywhere, on nearly any device . Its easy with the pbsideo app. Simply download the pbs video app on your mobile or streaming device. Now you can watch the latest pbs epodes, or catch up on the shows you missed. And when you support your local station, you can gepbs passport, giving you access to more episodes, more specials, more of what you love get the pbs deo app now and stream the best of pbs, anytime you want, anywhere you are. A platfohere. People can go to in order to sre their experiences. When i was 18 and joined the marine corps. And its been an amazing journey ever since. This project can help bring us togetr. To understand what it really means to be an american. To join in. Go to pbs. Org americanportrait join us, and be a part of history. Captioning sponsored by newshour productions, llc woodrf good evening. M judy woodruff. The newshour tonight, eight days to go President Trump and joe biden intensify their Campaign Travel as vice prespences staff endures a covid outbreak and early voting continues to break rds. Then, confirmation the senate holds a to elevate judge Amy Coney Barrett to the Supreme Court to replace the late juste ruth bader ginsburg. Hospitals nationwruggle to handle aajor influx of Covid Patients as infe rise dramatically across the u. S. And, securing the votes the election approaches, quti