Life well planned. The freeman foundation. By judy and Peter Blum Kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for americas neglected needs. And by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Donald trump says he will have to see if you will accept an election defeat. President will accept the result of a free and Fair Election. Critics say fairness is not for him to decide. Some people in the crowd outside the Supreme Court have been chanting vote him out and pay respects to ruth bader ginsburg. Some countries are competing to get their hands on the few vaccines that might think it. We will look at why the who is worried about it. And, were birds really singing louder . Apparently not. We will speak with a woman who has done the research. It is perhaps a measure of the point that america has reached that today there have been reassurances that President Trump will allow a transition of power if he loses in november. They had to do that because of this. We come here today because of a peaceful transferral of power after reelection. We will have to see what happens. I will complain strongly about the ballots, they are a disaster. People are rioting. Get rid of the ballots and we will have a is full there will not be a transfer. There will be a continuation. He alleges there is widespread fraud, where evidence is that is not quite true rid quite true. Mitch mcconnel says there will be a normal transition is there always has been. The White House Press secretary has held her latest briefing and was asked if the president will accept the result. The president will accept the results of a free and Fair Election ridicule except the will of the american people. If he loses and it is free and fair, he will accept it . I have answered your question. That has not cleared anything up because President Trump has said that the selection may not be free and fair. This is what joe biden had to say about the government being capable of escorting President Trump out of the white house. One of the hallmarks of american democracy has been a given in the u. S. For more than 200 years, which is why this issue is generating such attenon. Lets listen to the analysis of benjamin murphy. This is as basic as it gets to any democracy, certainly to u. S. Democracy, but the one thing that must be guaranteed must be the respect for the arrangements that are put in place over the history of the United States to guarantee a peaceful tnsition of our. The fact that the president has so clearly not supported. When asked not supported that when asked is concerning. If it does come to that, not only what the president would do, what with the party do . What would the people do . This was donald trump before the st election. I am not looking at anything now. I am looking at what is at the time. She should never have been allowed to run for the presidency based on what she did with emails and so many other things area are you saying that you are not prepared to i will tell you at the time. I will keep you in suspense. President trump took to voter fraud. He said if you deduct the millions of people who voted illegally his claim that Illegal Immigrants gave hillary more votes than him. That is not true. The Voting Integrity Commission found no evidence to his names. This had no impact on what the president says. He repeatedly makes false claims and that connects with the issue of respecting result. Here is one example from an interview on fox news in july. Can you give me a direct answer . I will have to see. I am not just going to say yes and i do not say that last time either. No doubt, postal voting will be a bigger feature in this election. Covid19 has made sure of that. It varies state to state. This map shows different policies. States and purple the states and orange allow voters to vote by mail or by request. You need a valid reason in many states. There is nothing new about this. We have been voting by mail since the civil war. Many state administrators are very aware of methods to secure the vote and make sure it happen smoothly. Other states are used to a system with a much smaller percentage of vote by mail, but many states this year have ramped up their efforts in light of covid19. A lot of people do not feel safe going into the polling place there have been many studies on postal voting over the years area none have found widespread fraud. Despite this, the president has gotten to the point where he is telling americans this. The only way they can take the election away from us is if this is a rigged election. There is no evidence anyone is trying to rig the election. The White House Correspondent for playboy has tweeted, this is the most frightening answer i have ever received on any russian i have asked. I have interviewed convicted killers with more empathy. President trump advocating civil war. Here is another from a law professor. I think the danger is that trump could have a lead on november 3 and i say that because we know that tens of millions of americans will be voting by mailin ballot. Those ballots will break heavily in bidens favor. We have seen that the president is engaged with the preemptive strike on the integrity of these ballots, so the danger is that he will try to leverage whatever lead he has on november 3 into a claim that he has been reelected and he will subsequently insist that all the mailin ballots that break for joe biden need to be disqualified as a result of the consequence of being contaminated by fraud. Just one example of how tense things are getting. When President Trump went to pay his respects to ruth bader ginsburg. Vote him out the crowd is chanting vote him out. The president has plenty of supporters out there, too. Here is Julie Manchester from the hell in Washington Hill in washington. President trump would accept the results of a Fair Election, so that is not exactly what he said yesterday, but this morning he heard public in on capitol hill, including mitchonnell and the chair of the house gop caucus saying that we need to accept the results of the election whater they may be to ensure a peaceful transition of power. This is another incident during the Trump Administration when he makes a controversial remark and you have the Republican Party scrambling to play cleanup cleared likely not. There is whether he would accept the transfer of power, but whether he does or not, the constant during that amecas democracy is fraudulent is going to have an impact anyway, isnt it . Absolutely. President trump has pushed this narrative, especially with the coronavirus as more people are voting by mail. It is interesting how he has pushed this mailin voting is fraudulent kind of allegation. He says it is ok for voters to vote by mail in places like florida and arizona, swing states that had republican leads, but he has been tough on blue states like new york, where they have been more experimented with vote by mail. He himself and members of his administraon have voted by mail. This is something he is continuing to push, but only to his advantage. From the u. S. To the u. K. With the number of coronavirus cases that continue to rise and measures to manage its impact. Lets hear from the chancellor. He has announced a new plan designed to protect millions of jobs over the winter. The furlough scheme will end in october d will be replaced by a job support scheme. For employees working a minimum of 33 of their normal hours, the government will offer subsidies so that they get recorders of their usual salary for six months. But, the government will only support workers that have viable jobs. The government will cover one third of lost pay with employers paying the remainder. Supporters will target firms needing the most help. A payasyougo scheme allows for firms to pay bounceback loans over a period of 10 years and the chancellor said he would keep it at 5 , hospitality and tourism, until march of next year. Which would be deemed viable still needs to be cleared up. How that assessment is being made. Can you outline which jobs you believe will no longer be viable because of pandemic . Thanks, laura. It is impossible for me to predict with certainty. As i have said, i cannot save every job and every business, and when we began the furlough scheme, it surprised everybody. Economic commentators alike, the scale of the takeup of 9 Million People having their jobs projected. But my expectation and hope is that this new scheme will be able to benefit for the large number of people and help protect their jobs through the difficult winter months, especially as demand is pressed in their companies. You also ask about viability. It is not for me to make pronouncements on exact what job are protected or not, but we have to evolve our support now that we are through the acute phase of the crisis and make sure that where we are putting that support all make the most difference. There are concerns that this plan does not go far enough to protect jobs. Here is more of that. There will be questions about how many jobs will be lost, so we are in a pandemic that has economic consequences across the world. There is a sense that the government is pulling back the support they put in in the initial stages because the chancellor is saying that it is here to stay for some time and they have to find a way to live with it sustainably. The question is what he has done is enough to protect enough peoples jobs. We spoke to our correspondent with her analysis. This is a scheme that is about protecting livelihoodbut different from the one that it replaces. It is a lot less generous. That means there will be more job losses. That is not accidental. When you look at what the president what it is saying here, what is a viable job . It is a job that a company can and will afford to spend the money on subsidizing over the coming months. What the government is saying is that they already spent over 200 billion pounds to help the economy through this crisis. Ideologically, a conservative government is thinking about how to incentivize people if the economy is going to change. If there are industries that will fall by the wayside. Companies will evaluate how they nudge people in the direction for what their next move shell be what their next move will be because this is taxpayers money we are talking about. The chancellor today, really tough choices, but this is a scheme replacing one that was already groundbreaking. If you said that this was the initial scheme, people would say wow, this is a huge departure we had before. There are people who are worried that this does not solve the conundrum. Many more have already lost their jobs. As the Health Experts project what might happen to the number of cases of this virus, his colleagues may have projections of what might happen with the economy. You have an idea of when they think it will bottom out . We have seen it ourselves, not just in the u. K. , but around the low. It is a constantly changing picture. When it comes to the degree of the outbreak, managing that and the restrictions we put in place. If you asked that question a couple months ago, the bank of england, the treasuries here in the u. K. , they will say perhaps that recovery was underway, it takes some time, maybe a year or two. Now, however, with further restriction, further threats of job losses, this is the emergency package. This announcement was hastily put together. What we do know as a result is that scarring that impact of the economy, may take even longer. Thanks, much more on those announcements on the bbc website. A few minutes later, we will talk about this. We will find out whether birds really were singing louder during the pandemic. Our ears may have in deceiving us. They have been deceiving us. An awful story on the korean peninsula. South korea is accusing north korea of a crime against humanity for burning a mans body. A man disappeared in a patrol boat knew the border. It is a brutal killing work he was left in the water for six hours and questioned by north korean officers. It seems that defense officials here say that an order came from higher up. He was shot in the water, doused in oil, and set on fire. The north korean troops are said to have been met have been wearing masks. This has happened since july when a number of officials along the are in area have been along the border in north korea have been using a short to kill policy to keep coronavirus out of the secreve state. Our lead story comes from washington. Republicans offer assurance that there will be a peaceful transition of power if President Trump loses the election. Every week, we make a report from the website that looks back at one of the issues that we covered through the week on outside source. This time, we will talk about the u. N. General assembly. The search for a vaccine is at full tilt. Around the world, 240 vaccines are in early development. Nine have now been put through final testing and none are ready yet. None are certain to work. The search has created a new challenge. Vaccine nationalism puts lives at risk. Only vaccine corporations saves lives. What is the threat of vaccine nationalism, when a country prioritizes its access to a vaccine over everyone else getting it. The u. N. Has warned the harm that could do. It is selfdefeating. None of us is safe. The who adds an economic argument. If some countries go without vaccine, the virus will not be under control locally, so the bubble economy cannot promptly open up. There is something called kovacs, a global plan to alcate vaccines. It guarantees all countries and access to vaccines if and when they are ready. With germany, japan, u. K. , and norway among those to sign up, this is a significant initiative. The opposite of vaccine nationalism. There are major absentees, and most notably america which is going it alone. We will distribute a vaccine. We will defeat the virus. We will end the pandemic. Donald trumps presidency is proudly american first. There was a report in march that the u. S. Had tried and failed, and others are going our own way to. Russia has cleared a vaccine to use even though it has been deemed not adequately trial. The u. K. Has joined kovacs, but has also signed deals with vaccine distributors. China has done the same. These vaccines will be made and provided to other developing countries under a priority basis. Look at this report in the state will times. It tells us that china is likely to join kovacs, but china is likely negotiating a thorough plan for chinese citizens and chinas neighbors. Was that the plans whether in reality you can at once protect your own Vaccine Supplies and distribute to countries looks fickle difficult. Donald trump may say at loudest, but all leaders put their countrys first. It is countries first. National leaders with an array of domestic concerns. We see this tension with climate change. We are seeing it covid19. We are seeing it with covid19. It will be bad for countries that pursue it. Some of them still need persuading. You can see much more on the search for a vaccine via the bbc website. Click on the health tab. Cities around the world became different places in different ways. Particularly in the early days of lockdown. This is from San Francisco on a stayathome order back in spring. Not very many cs. That meant other noises could make themselves heard clearly. That is a white crowned sparrow singing by the golden gate rage. Golden gate bridge. That phenomenon has been studied. It turns out that it is deceiving us. That is an audio recording made in the same area in San Francisco four years earlier. There is much more traffic noise and birds have to be making themselves hard over that. The birds were singing more loudly back then. An ecologist at tennessee did all of this research and i asked her if they were singing more quietly. It is pretty surprising. A lot of us have been out in these areas and it sounds like everything is much louder. The birds sound much louder to us, but if we record them and compare them to the sounds before the lockdown, they are singing more softly. At the height of the party, it is really loud. Everybody shouting. People start to go home, but you do not keep shouting. They have been able to stop shouting. There singing much softly. What is the explanation that they got louder . It is partly because it got so much quieter that their songs can actually go twice the distance. If you can hear a bird about five meters from the four covid five meters from you before covid. You can draw this imaginary circle around you, then you can hear effectively four times as many birds. Hearing that many birds and having it be quieter means they sound louder. I was reading your research and e male birds have kicked up the performance. They have. When you are at a height of a party, you are making small talk. You are not talking philosophy. As it gets quieter, they can put more information into their signal. For example, they have a wider bandwidth to their song and they sound sexier. They are more competitive with other males and a check females. And attract more females. They were simply more confident to express themselves in the environment in which they live, but it sounds like i was completely wrong. That is a good idea and we thought maybe the same name. We took into account how far we were standing when we were recording them. We found that how loud they were was approximately the same as before covid. We knowhat they should do at a certain distance, how close we get, and they were doing the same thing. It seems that it wasnt that they were more confident, it was just that much quieter that they could stop singing so loudly. Thank you very ch indeed. There have been a few times in 2020 you have to pinch yourself and ask am i really saying this new story out loud . There have been insistings tha there will be a smooth transition if President Trump is not elected. Because of what nald trump said, Mitch Mcconnell has said there will be an orderly transition as there has been since 19 set stsince 1872. However, donald trump when asked about this yesterday refused to confirm if he would accept the election result. This is what happened earlier today, paying his respects to ruth bader ginsburg, he was rude by the crowd booed by the cro wd. Thank you for watching. We will see you soon. Byebye. Narrator funding fothis presentation of this program is provided by. Language specialists teaching spanish, french and more. Raymond james. The freeman foundation. By judy and Peter Blum Kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for americas neglected needs. And by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. [bright music] pbs american portrait is. A platform where anyone can come and share their stories. Theres a whole great list of prompts to get you started. When i was 18 and joined the marine corps. 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